International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2012)

Performance Behaviour of Static Sensor Nodes Using AODV and DSR

Manas Ranjan Katual1, Subhash Chander Sharma2, Dambarudhar Seth3
1 2

PG Student, KIIT University, INDIA Asso. Prof., IIT ROORKEE, INDIA 3 Asso. Prof., KIIT University, INDIA
1 2

mrkatual@gmail.com

scs60fpt@iitr.ernet.in
3

dsethfet@kiit.ac.in

Abstract Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Consisting of Spatially Circulated independent devices called Sensor node. These devices are used to calculate a variety of environmental changes. In this Paper the performance and behavior of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters of WSN using AODV and DSR protocols and Path loss model Two Ray and Free Space has been used for analysis. The results are computed varying protocol with different path loss model. The simulation has been carried out using QualNet 5.0.2 Keywords WSN, Static Sensor, AODV, DSR, QualNet

I. INTRODUCTION Recently, the demands for the use of computer, communication, and electronics devices have been increased exponentially with development of new computer network technology and electronics devices many of these applications [1] require the use of wireless sensor technology, which is the combination of computer network technology plus electronics devices. The electronics devices which are used in the wireless sensor technology are known as sensor nodes. These sensor nodes typically consist of sensor, transceiver, microprocessor, memory, battery, and actuator. To measure the environmental conditions such as temperature, pressure, sound, vibration and natural disaster, these autonomous devices are typically spatially distributed in an area. In case of an event, the sensor converts any physical phenomenon into an electrical signal while the actuator does the reverse. The transceiver is a combination of transmitter and receiver, which is used to transmit and receive signal and the memory, is used to store the data.

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a multi-hop communication network, where hop-to-hop communication is not possible. A source node near to sink node transmit the information directly whereas, a sensing node which is far away from the sink node transmit through intermediate nodes or data forwarding node until it reached the destination[2]. The sink node is directly connected to the internet or satellite which is working like a gateway of the network. Due to small size, low cost the smart sensors (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) are used very often now-a-days compares to conventional sensor nodes [3]. In a WSN all the important functions such as frequency selection, carrier frequency generation, modulation and lastly data encryption were done in physical layer [2]. The WSN applications are broadly classified into two categories such as, monitoring and tracking. Most notable applications of WSN are in the field of military, environmental, agriculture, health, and ecology [1]. II. CHALLANGES AND RESEARCH ISSUES IN WSN WSN is a multi-hop network, so the broadcast and reception course is not at all times ended straightforwardly from resource node to sink node, the job is done by similar transitional nodes [2]. This development is prolonging until sense information reaches the base station. To keep this contact, WSN must have an energy skilled routing protocol to maintain connectivity contained by the network [4-5]. A superior Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is capable of keep away from collision and interference between nodes [6]. Within an uncontrolled environment to avoid malicious attack there should be maintain confidentiality, integrity and authentications [7].

210

International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2012) To enhance the coverage problem sensor should be deploy in fine method [8]. These are the investigate area otherwise issue which directly bang on the network life time, connectivity, security and network coverage. III. RELATED WORK The routing protocols that have been used in the wireless Ad hoc network were also used in WSN [9-10]. The performance evaluation of WSN was carried out to find the packet dropped, packet delay and packet delivery ratio using simulator NS.2.26 [11]. Comparison between the Routing with error reporting protocol (RERP) and Ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) for packet transmission, energy Consumption and fault tolerance was analyzed using NS2.34 simulator [12]. The performance analysis of the dynamic mobile wireless sensor networks (DMWSN) has been reported using Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), AODV and DREAM [13]. Furthermore, the energy consumption and packet delivery ratio of AODV and HYBRID ADHOC ON DEMAND DISTANCE VECTOR (HAODV) has been reported using NS 2.34 network simulator [14]. Using Qualnet, the no of packets received and sends and the throughput of AODV routing protocol was determined [15]. In the present research, the same simulator Qualnet is used to compare AODV and DSR with different path loss model. IV. PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVOIR The simulation environment is carried out by four scenarios on Quannet Graphical User Interface (GUI).The four scenarios are divided into two cases. For first case performance is carried out with two dissimilar Scenarios through AODV in addition to Two Ray Path Loss Model in opposition to DSR plus Free Space Path Loss Model. While in favor of Second Case the performance carried out with AODV along with Free Space Path loss model against DSR and Two Ray Path Loss Model. For different scenario different numbers of sensor nodes are taken. The details of the parameter, that are used in the above scenario is mention the table-I.These sensor nodes are put in a 1500*1500 meter plane surface. For evaluating the effect of QoS variation on different protocol and path loss model are analyze. The protocol evaluations are based on the simulation using Qualnet 5.0.2 TABLE I SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT Experiment Name Area Simulation time Channel Frequency Path loss Model Modulation Scheme Antenna Model Energy Model Mac Protocol Mobility Qualnet 5.0.2 1500*1500 meter 500 sec 2.4 GH Two Ray/ Free Space OQPSK Omni directional Mica Motes 802.15.4 Static

Fig.1Work flow sheet for simulation

211

International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2012) V.RESULTS Case-1: The first scenario is carried out using 14 sensor nodes with routing protocol AODV plus Two Ray path loss model. Second scenario is carried out with 15 sensor nodes. The different is at this time routing protocol DSR plus Free Space path loss model rest of parameters are same as declare in the table. PACKET TRANSMITTED AODV VS DSR PACKET DROPPED AODV VS DSR
AODV DSR
400

PACKET DROPPED

300

200

AODV DSR
400

100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

PACKET TRANSMITTED

NO OF NODE
300

Fig.4 Packet Dropped

200

100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

NO OF NODE

Fig.2 Packet Transmitted PACKET RECEIVED AODV VS DSR

From the simulation it has been observed that transmitted packet is same for both scenarios. The packet receive at the receiver end is different for AODV and DSR, from the graph it is observed that AODV with scenario at location node-7, node-9 and node-14 only transmitted packet there is no received of any packet which is the primary requirement of the network. The Packet dropped is extra when use DSR plus Free Space path loss model Compare to AODV plus Two Ray so for most of the time AODV plus Two Ray Path loss model perform better compare to DSR plus Free Space path loss model. Case-2: The performance is carried out with comparison between two scenarios. In the first scenario done with 15 sensor nodes with mobility is static along with the routing protocol AODV plus Free Space path loss model. Second scenario is done with 14 static nodes. The different is at this time routing protocol DSR plus Two Ray path loss model rest of parameters are same as declare in the table-I.

AODV DSR
3200 3000 2800 2600 2400

PACKET RECIEVED

2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

NO OF NODE

Fig.3 Packet Received 212

International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2012) PACKET TRANSMITTED AODV VS DSR PACKET DROPPED AODV VS DSR
AODV DSR
400

AODV DSR
400

PACKET TREANSMITTED

PACKET DROPPED

300

300

200

200

100

100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

NO OF NODE

NO OF NODE

Fig.7 Packet Dropped Fig.5 Packet Transmitted PACKET RECEIVED AODV VS DSR From the simulation it was observed that the transmitted packet is same for both scenarios. The packet receive at the receiver end is different for AODV and DSR, from the graph it was observed DSR use scenario at position node12, and node-14 only transmitted packet there is no received of any packet which is the primary requirement of the network. The Packet dropped is more when are using AODV plus Free Space path loss model Compare to DSR plus Two Ray. VI.CONCLUSION The performance and behavior of static sensor nodes of WSN is done using Qualnet 5.0.2. The experiment is base on the comparison between two cases, for first case it has been done using AODV plus Two Ray path loss model with DSR plus Free Space path loss model. The second case is done using AODV plus Free Space model and DSR plus Two Ray path loss model. It has been observed from the above simulation that most of time when path loss model is Two Ray the network Perform Better.

AODV DSR
3000

2500

PACKET RECEIVED

2000

1500

1000

500

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

NO Of NODE

Fig.6 Packet received

213

International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2012) References
[1] Th. Arampatzis, J.Lygeros and S.Manesis,(2005) A survey of Applications of Wireless Sensors and Wireless Sensor Networks, Proceedings of the 13th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation Limassol Cyprus, June 27-29 [2] Ian F. Akyildiz, Weilian Su, Yogesh Sankarasubramaniam and Erdal Cayirci, (2002) A Survey on Sensor Netwroks, IEEE Communication Magazine, 102-114 [3] Jennifer Yick, Biswanath Mukherjee and Dipak Ghosa (2008), Wireless Sensor Network Survey, Computer Networks 52 2292 2330, http://www.elsevier.com/locate/comnet [4] Chongmung Park, Inbum Jung (2010), Traffic-Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks, International Conference on Information Science and Applications (ICISA) [5] Mathieu David, Cheng Guo2, Neeli R. Prasad,(2008) Adaptive emitting Power Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks, Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference, ATNAC 2008, Australasian [6] Shaiful Alam Chowdhury, Mohamamd Tauhidul Islam, Fariha Tasmin Jaigirdar,Md. Rokan Uddin Faruqui, Shahid Al Noor,(2009) Performance study and Simulation Analysis of CSMA and IEEE 802.11 in Wireless Sensor Network and Limitation of IEEE 802.11, International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, Dhaka , Bangladesh [7]Yan-Xiao, Li Lian Qin and Qian Liang,(2010) Research on Wireless Sensor Networks Security, International Conference of computational Intelligence and Security [8]Jiming Chen, Entong Shen and Youxian Sun,(2009) The Deployment Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks: A survey, Information Technology Journal ,8(3):293-301 [9]Johnson, D.B, Maltz, D.A., Dynamic Source routing in adhoc Wireless networks, in: T.Imielinski, H.Korth (Eds.), Mobile Computing, Kluwer Academic Publishers.PP. 153-181, 1996 [10]Perkins C., B.-R.E., and D.S. (2003), Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vector routing, Request for Comments (Proposed Standard) 3561, Internet Engineering Task Force, http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3561.txt? Number=3561 [11]S. Koteswararao, M. Sailaja and T. Madhu (2011), Performance Evaluation of Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocols For Real Time Application Support, Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, Volume 11 Issue 20 Version 1.0 , Publisher: Global Journals Inc(USA) [12]K. Kulothungan, J. Angel Arul Jothi and A. Kannan (2011), An Adaptive Fault Tolerant Routing Protocol with Error Reporting Scheme for W ireless Sensor Networks, European Journal of Scientific Research, Vol.60 pp. 19-32 [13]Wei Li and Jiuqiang Han (2010), Dynamic Wireless Sensor Network Parameters Optimization Adapting Different Node Mobility, Aerospace Conference, 2010 IEEE [14]M.Dhivya, Ashok Kumar Potnuru and M.Sundarambal (2011), Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks, ISBN 978-1-61284-764-1 [15]Faieza Hanum Yahaya, Yusnani Mohd Yussoff, Ruhani Ab. Rahman and Nur Hafizah Abidin (2009), Performance Analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks, International Colloquium On Signal Processing & Its Applications

214