Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources: Images AP European History Web Links & Primary Source Documents Page.

" AP European History Web Links & Primary Source Documents Page. N.p., 2009. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. Portraying the hardships that the citizens of Berlin had to endure, this picture reveals how the wall was part of the Berliners daily lives. This photograph is used on our Construction page, emphasizing that the Soviet Union was firm about the building of the wall. Although the citizens showed hatred toward this political barrier, the Soviet Union even extended the wall to a greater extent. "A Poem A Day from the George Hail Library ~ Selected by Maria Horvath.: November 2010. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Dec. 2012. This picture reveals how people were entertained when living near the Berlin Wall. The image pictures a violinist playing for citizens that are surrounding the wall. Although the wall was an unpleasant part of the East Germans lives, life still went on and there were still forms of entertainment. However, this was a paradoxical sense of freedom. The real wish was the demise of the wall itself, instead of the freedom of entertainment. Though there were luxurious parts of the citizens lives, the East Germans were sober and pined for the freedom that the Berlin Wall blocked.

Balazs, Eszter. "The Communist Corrosion That Brought down the Berlin Wall." Times of Malta. N.p., 02 May 2009. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This image reveals a crucial turning point in history: the fall of the Berlin Wall. Although we did not include this picture on our website, this detailed picture enabled us to relate to how others felt when this event happened. BBC. "The Berlin Wall." BBC News. BBC, 15 Oct. 2012. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. This picture showed the Berlin Wall shortly after its construction. It shows this political barrier dividing both Eastern and Western Germany and the length of the wall, as it paves itself through the city. "Becoming Free." PBS. PBS, N.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. This image of President Ronald Reagan and General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev shows the relationship between them and how they cooperated to end the Cold War. The image was taken at the Washington Summit in December of 1987. "Berlin Wall: 50 Years since the Construction of the Wall Began." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, n.d. Web. 25 Dec. 2012. This image reveals a group of soldiers building the Berlin Wall in 1961. We used this picture on our Construction pages banner. "Brandenburg Gate * Berlin." Brandenburg Gate * Berlin. 1998 by Heiko Burkhardt, 1998. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. The image of the Brandenburg during 1997 showed what Berlin was like after the deconstruction of the Cold War as well as the Berlin Wall. This primary source is located on the Resources page linking to the Annotated Bibliography page.

Britannica - The Online Encyclopedia. Brittanica.com, n.d. Web. 19 Feb. 2013. This picture shows two important figures, Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev, signing a contract that ended the Cold War. This pledge was part of the turning point; it enabled them to develop a relationship that later led to the fall of the Berlin Wall. We used this picture on our Events page. On that page, it is located under the subcategory: The Demise of the Cold War. Claud, Jean. "Jean-Claud Coutausse Photography." Coutausse. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2013. This picture portrays the fall of the Berlin wall being torn by Berliners with tools, such as hammers and axes. This picture was used on our banner, which is located on our Annotated Bibliography page. "Countries and Their Cultures." Culture of Germany. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Jan. 2012. This image is of people collecting pieces of the Berlin Wall from its fall in 1989. After this historical moment, many were still moved by this turning point. This picture captures the memories of the fall of the Berlin Wall, which revolutionized peoples lives and impacted the world. We used this picture for our banner on our Living with the Wall page. Coutausse, Jean-Claude. "The Fall of the Berlin Wall, 1989." Jean-Cluade Coutausse Photography. Coutausse.com, 1989. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. This image was used on our website's banner at the top of the page. It showed the fall of the Berlin Wall and symbolizes "free man."

Dejvu. "The Fall of the Berlin Wall." Motorsports and More. PhpBB, 11 Jan. 2009. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This image of the Brandenburg Gate and the Berlin Wall is located on the Impact page as the background image for primary sources on the flash. This primary source allows the reader to understand our website to a greater extent. Dube, Ryan. "Berlinwall2." Top Secret Writers. Disqus, n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2013. This image inspired our ideas for the Living with the Wall page. It also gave us a visual of what Checkpoint Charlie looked like, since it was a significant location where many people attempted to jump over the wall. "Espionage Information." Berlin Wall. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. Even though this image does not appear on our website, it helped us understand the Berlin Wall, as a whole, better. "Europe's Changing Borders." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. This image shows most of the Eastern Bloc countries and was informed us about what countries supported the USSR. Additionally, we used this picture on our Events page. It is located on the subcategory: The Eastern Bloc. Feehery, John. "The Feehery Theory." The Feehery Theory. The Feehery Theory, 15 June 2012. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. The image from this website of military tanks from the Cold War is on 1945 for the Timeline page. This primary source informs the reader on the end of allied forces between the US and USSR, which caused the Cold War.

Fletcher, Christine. "Berlin Wall Tags: Berlin Wall, Communism, European History, Germany, History, Political_science_public_admin ." Introduction. N.p., 11 Jan. 2013. Web. 12 Jan. 2013. This image of the destruction of the Berlin Wall from this website is located on the Impact page. It also shows the joyfulness of the Berlin citizens when the wall fell in 1989. Franken, Owen. "News & Views." What Matters: August 2001. Infinite Connection, Aug. 2001. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. This picture appeared in our Introduction page. It shows the rebellious European citizens, and as a result, the fall of the Berlin Wall. Geib, Rich. Berlin, East and West: A Crossroads of History. Digital image. Berlin: East and West. N.p., 21 Sept. 1991. Web. 9 Nov. 2012. This image captures Berliners celebrating the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989. This picture includes Berliners waving German flags and holding posters up that declared "Jubilation at the fall of the Berlin wall!" We used this picture on the home page of our website. Germany Profile. Digital image. BBC News. BBC, 12 Aug. 2012. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. The fall of the city's East-West barrier led to Germanys reunification in 1990. This picture was included on our banner, which is located in our Timeline page. "GERMANY: Reunion In Berlin." TIME Magazine. Time Inc., 23 July 1951. Web. 7 Jan. 2013. The result of the fall of the Berlin Wall leads to the reunion of Germany as well as Europe. This picture is located on the Timeline page for 1990 about the Reunion of East Germany and West German.

Goddard, Steven. ""Berlin Wall Tumbles"" Real Science. Wordpress.com, 3 June 2011. Web. 19 Feb. 2013. This image is of a newspaper titled: "Berlin Wall Tumbles." With this picture, we were able to understand the excitement that citizens and people all around the world experienced as this political barrier was torn down. Additionally, we learned that many different newspaper presses printed articles about this event, especially after having reporters see the event live. Goth, Phil. Humanities at Stanford. Digital image. Berlin Wall and the Cold War. N.p., N.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. This digital image helped show Germany and its split. The wall was covered in graffiti; this was how Berlinier expressed their feelings toward this political barrier. This picture is located on the page that included our timeline. Harding, Luke. "US v Russia: The Results of past Summits." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 05 July 2009. Web. 01 Jan. 2013. Using this image, were could relate to the reunion of Germany as well as Europe. This primary source was on our Timeline page for 1990, showing President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev's relationship and how they both helped the reuniting of Germany and the end of the Cold War. Higson, Shaun. "The Iconic Berlin Wall." Fine Art America. N.p., N.d. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. This image of the Berlin Wall from the western side is a piece of art. It also gave us a visual of what the western side of the wall looked like; often, we saw the eastern side of the wall. This primary source is located on our Timeline page as a background image.

"Hiroshima and the Nuclear Bomb and the Moral and Ethical Issues Presented." HubPages. HubPages Inc., 2013. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. The image of the US bombing Hiroshima, which took place in the Pacific, revealed to us the power of the nuclear bomb. Additionally, this picture makes it easier and better for the viewer. This primary source is located on the 1945 date for the Timeline page. "History Chat." : September 2010. N.p., 26 Sept. 2010. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This image reveals Ronald Reagan during his speech about the fall of the Berlin Wall. Another picture shows Ronald Reagan and Gorbachev together. This image inspired us to do the flash animation that is located on our People page. Hossack, Leslie. Haute Vitrine. Digital image. Haute Vitrine. N.p., 2010. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. This picture provided a detailed image of the Berlin Wall. This image was supposed to simulate a stroll along the Berlin Wall today. "Information Center." 20th Anniversary of the Fall of the Berlin Wall. N.p., 2008. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This picture showed the fall of the Berlin Wall and security tearing it down. This picture was shown on the banner located on the Events page. Jenn. "Musings by Jenn." Musings by Jenn. N.p., 6 Feb. 2011. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This picture portrayed Ronald Reagan declaring his famous speech about the Berlin Wall where he exclaimed "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!" This picture was located amongst others in the banner on the Events page.

Jide. "The Commune." The Commune. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2013. This picture reveals the Berlin Wall being torn down by Berliners. Pieces of the Berlin Wall are coming down while people are cheering and celebrating. We used this picture on our banner, which is located on our Annotated Bibliography page. "Joseph Stalin Wrote A Memo." Joseph Stalin Wrote A Memo. N.p., N.d. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. This image of the big three, Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt, is of their conference for the Russian Embassy in Teheran. This primary source is located on the Timeline page in 1945, for the split of Europe. Lucaites. "NO CAPTION NEEDED ICONIC PHOTOGRAPHS, PUBLIC CULTURE, AND LIBERAL DEMOCRACY." Photographer's Showcase: The Fall of the Berlin Wall. N.p., 20 Nov. 2009. Web. 14 Jan. 2013. This image reveals Berliners celebrating the fall of the Berlin Wall; it appears on our Ideas page. This primary source gives the reader a visual and allows him/her to understand the message and turning point more easily. "Map of the Berlin Wall." Berlin - Germany. Altaviser, n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2013. This image displayed a general map of the Berlin Wall. It gave us an idea of the length and size of the political barrier. Though it is not on our website, it gave us a realistic idea of the wall's size and was useful to our Construction page. McElroy. "The Berlin Wall." The Distributed Republic. N.p., 1 May 2006. Web. 12 Jan. 2013. This image of Berliners celebrating of the Fall of the Berlin Wall is located on our Timeline page. This primary page shows Berliners celebrating the reunion of Germany and Europe.

Murray, Don. "CBC News: Analysis & Viewpoint: Don Murray." CBCnews. CBC/Radio Canada, 22 Aug. 2007. Web. 12 Jan. 2013. This image of East Germany border guards is used on the Introduction page. This primary source shows how difficult it is to escape from East Germany. Additionally, this picture portrays the soberness of the city and the wall itself. "NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization." NATO. North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 04 Aug. 2011. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. The image of refugees from East Berlin to West Berlin shows that the East Berlin government could not handle their complex situations, causing them to resign within days. Located on 1989 for our Timeline page, this primary source offered a easier understanding for East Germany's government resignation. "Need a Good Book?" TheDEN Denison University RSS. Dension University, 2013. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This picture showed a shelf of books which we included into the banner for our Resources page. We used the picture of books on shelves because that was a major source of information that we used to find information. Nickel, Clayton. "Images of the Berlin Wall." German Missions in the United States. Ed. Natalie Kauther. Germany.info, 18 Aug. 1961. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. This is an accurate, detailed picture of how and who constructed the Berlin Wall. It shows how much hard work it took to build this political barrier, as well as its importance to the government.

Nothstine, Ray. "A Surge of Freedom: 18 Years Ago Today | Acton PowerBlog." Acton Institute PowerBlog. N.p., 9 Nov. 2007. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This picture showed a peaceful celebration for the collapse of the Berlin Wall. There are people dancing and celebrating near the Brandenburg Gate. We used this picture in the banner on the Ideas page in our website. "Photo Gallery: Berlin Wall 'Shoot to Kill' Order Found." SPIEGEL ONLINE. N.p., 18 Aug. 2007. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. This image provides a vantage of East Berlin before it was replaced with concrete, bricks and wire. It also shows the transformation of daily life before the wall was constructed, which can be compared to other images, such as The Construction of the Berlin Wall. It inspired us for our Construction and Living with the Wall page. "Photo Print, Individual Art Card: Fall of the Berlin Wall: Soldiers Saving the Wall at the Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, Germany by Norbert Michalke (F1 Online)." Universal prints.de. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This picture captures a group of soldiers protecting the Berlin Wall at the Brandenburg Gate. Although we did not use this photo, it helped us understand how strictly the soldiers guarded the Berlin Wall. "Post Card: The Fall of the Berlin Wall. West German Climb the Wall, 10 November 1 989 by Mark Power." Kunst-fuer-alle.de. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This picture shows West Berliners climbing on top of the Berlin Wall. This image also captured the immense amount of graffiti on the wall. Even though we did not include this image on our website, this picture showed us how much people pined for freedom.

"President Ronald Reagans Berlin Wall Speech at Brandenburg Gate June 12, 1987 Mr. Gorbachev, Tear down This Wall!" Fire Andrea Mitchell! N.p., 8 Aug. 2008. Web. 14 Jan. 2013. This image is of President Reagan delivering his famous speech in front of the Brandenburg Gate; it is located on our Events page. This picture helps the reader visualize and understand the importance of the fall of the Berlin Wall. "Propaganda." Propaganda. Malaspina University, 2007. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This picture was located in our Ideas page on our banner which symbolized how happy Berliners were during the fall of the Berlin wall. There was a crowd of people around the wall and some on it. Ramp Randoms: The Berlin Wall. Digital image. Rampie. N.p., N.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. This image portrays a woman on the West side of the Berlin Wall. She is looking through a cleft in the wall at her divided city's Eastern half. This image is used also in our banner on the Introduction page. Ratnesar, Romesh. "Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews." Time. Time, 9 Nov. 2009. Web. 01 Jan. 2013. The image on this webpage was used on our Timeline page on the 1989 date, when the Berlin Wall was deconstructed by Berlin inhabitants. Showing the craving for freedom and disgust of the Soviet Union, this primary source represented the fall of the Berlin Wall.

"Reagan's 'tear down This Wall' Speech Turns 20 - USATODAY.com." Reagan's 'tear down This Wall' Speech Turns 20 - USATODAY.com. The Associated Press, 12 June 2007. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. This image of a spectator jumping at the conclusion of President Reagan's speech shows his excitement and agreement to Reagan's speech towards General Secretary Gorbachev. This primary source is located on the Timeline page for the date: 1987. Rimmer. Berlin Wall - Information, Facts, and Links. Digital image. Enotes.com. Enotes.com, N.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. This image displayed guards standing along the Berlin Wall. We used this picture for our banner in the Introduction page. Robredo, Antonio, Daniel Terrasa, Jordi Sans, Laura Lacalle, Pablo Mandado, Sandra Zarate, Arnau Sans, David Martinez, Laura Fernandez, Marta Rosella Gisbert, Pol Goma, and Sergio Parra. "Canalviajes." Canalviajes. Ocio Digital, 24 Oct. 2011. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. This is a useful picture that shows the officers and rebellious citizens of the Berlin Wall. In addition, there are guards and other police officers supporting the Berlin Wall and making sure no one breaks the rules. Rodell, Chris, and Msnbc.com Contributor. "50 Years Ago, the Berlin Wall Arose to Divide." Msnbc.com. Msnbc Digital Network, 12 Aug. 2011. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. This picture is located on our Construction page to allow the reader to have a better understanding of what the construction of the Berlin Wall looked like.

San Francisco Sentinel WIEGREFE, KLAUS. "Who Ordered the Construction of the Berlin Wall. San Francisco Sentinel Blog Archives Who Ordered the Construction of the Berlin Wall. San Francisco Sentinel, 2 June 2009. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. This image of the construction of the Berlin Wall on this website provided easier understanding with the information incorporated in our website. This primary source is found on the Construction sub-page and the Berlin Wall page. Schopp, Bonnie. Humanities at Stanford. Digital image. Berlin Wall and the Cold War. N.p., N.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. This image showed the Berlin Wall section along Niederkirchnerstrasse at the excavation site. This picture is displayed on our banner on our Timeline page. Schroeder, Klaus. "Watching the Wall Go Up: 'West Berliners Felt Abandoned and Powerless'" SPIEGEL ONLINE. Spiegel Online, n.d. Web. 05 Jan. 2012. This image shows workers building the wall while the East German police are watching. We used this picture on our Introduction pages banner. Singh, Timon. "The Construction of the Berlin Wall." European Construction and Infrastructure News. GDS Publishing Ltd, 9 Nov. 2009. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. This image provided a visual for the construction of the Berlin Wall. In the picture, the Soviet Union is building the Berlin Wall. "Slideshow." Berlin Wall. Channel One News, N.d. Web. 9 Dec. 2012. This picture shows John F. Kennedy exclaiming his famous "I am a Berlinier" speech in front of the city hall. We used this picture in the events page showing what events occurred before the fall of the Berlin Wall.

Tan, Noel. "Stock Photo - The Quadriga - Chariot Pulled by Four Horses - on Top of the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin." 123RF Stock Photos. 123RF, n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. Used on our resources page, this picture portrays a chariot pulled by several horses. The location of this image is supposed to be on top of the Brandenburg Gate. "The Rag Blog: History as Politics: Remembering the Berlin Wall." The Rag Blog: History as Politics : Remembering the Berlin Wall. N.p., 09 Nov. 2009. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This image captures a man straddling the Berlin wall. This actually officially started the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989. Even though we did not use this image, it helped us understand our topic more clearly. The Rise and Fall of the Berlin Wall." Pictures - The Rise and Fall of the Berlin Wall on History. HISTORY, N.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. President Reagan's speech in 1987 is portrayed in this image. His famous line General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall! is shown in this image. His speech lead to the fall of the Berlin Wall. "The Truth About The Jam Generation (80s Remix)." Samira Ahmed. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This picture captures a scene of many workers and citizens working on taking the wall down. Even though we did not use this photo, it helped us understand the immense efforts that caused the wall to come down.

"Third Reich Berlin." Military History Tours. N.p., N.d. Web. 7 Jan. 2013. The image of the Brandenburg gate of this website was used on our resources page as a hyperlink to our interview transcripts page. As the trademark of Berlin, this primary source was suitable to our website. "Voices of U.S. Diplomacy and the Berlin Wall." Construction of the Berlin Wall, 13 August, 1961. N.p., N.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. This image portrays the East Germans setting up barbed wire between East and West Berlin, preparing for the construction of the Berlin Wall. Wargas, Robert. "PJ Media." PJ Lifestyle RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. This picture portrays the Berlin Wall and showed us how it divided the city. We used this image on our banner in our Living with the Wall page. Wolski, Nathan. "Divisions." Berlin Wall: Past and Present. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This primary source showed a picture of the division between the eastern and western parts of Europe. We were inspired by this picture, because it gave us details and informed us about where East and West Germany were. Websites Andreas. "The Fall of the Berlin Wall: A Personal Account." The Fall of the Berlin Wall. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. This website included a personal account of a man's descriptions and observations around the time when the wall fell. This valuable source also included a timeline of communism during the year of 1989. We learned of the significant events that happened in Yugoslavia, Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Bulgaria, Romania, and Czechoslovakia. Additionally, it inspired us for our Living with the Wall page.

"Freedom vs. Communism." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website is a primary source. It informed us about freedom and communism. Additionally, it tells of a man's account in the city of Berlin. This man had traveled to West Berlin as part of a global goodwill trip. We were able to learn an individuals person experiences in West Berlin and how he felt about his trip. This source gave us a new perspective of what Berlin really was like during this significant time period. "Text: Kennedy's Berlin Speech." BBC News. BBC, 26 June 2003. Web. 14 Jan. 2013. President Kennedy's speech regarding communism and freedom was crucial to the fall of the Berlin Wall. His speech not only influenced the Berlin Wall but transformed Europeans views on communism and capitalism. We quoted a part of Reagans speech on both our People page and Events page. "The Night the Berlin Wall Fell." BBC News. BBC, 11 Sept. 2009. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. This primary source explained the reactions of the Berliners when they found out about the fall of the Berlin Wall. This website portrayed an entire description of how a person named Brian Harahan had felt during this exciting period in German history. This website also described the celebration of the Brandenburg Gate and how the official could walk over the "death strip. A death strip was an area that used to be armed by guards, and if anybody would go across it, they would be killed. This website also informed us about the night the Berlin Wall fell and the actions that took place during this time. It inspired us for our Impact page.

Witt, Chris De. "The Berlin Wall." Previous Editions. Appropriate Software, Inc., 19 Oct. 2000. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. This website features many personal essays addressing the author's personal experiences in Berlin and the people's reaction when the fall fell. It includes details of the division of East and West Germany and specific maps of the city and important local parts of Berlin. In addition, an insider's glance of the citizens is included. One essay shares the information on how some people tried to escape and the consequences when they were caught. The website also includes more sideline information, such as the "Country's Wall," which is the term used to describe the part of the wall that surrounded the outside of the city. In addition to essays, the website includes pictures of the wall and shows the conditions and transformations the wall goes throughout the years. This source is helpful, because it shows the personal experience and an insiders guide of what Berlin was like during this turning point in history.

Secondary Sources: Books Levy, Pat. November 9, 1989: The Fall of the Berlin Wall. Austin: Raintree Stechk-Vaughn, 2003. Print. Days That Shook the World. This source introduced Erik Honecker to us. We found out that he was an East German guard. Additionally, we got one quote from this book: Erich Honecker decided to start building the wall. There are copious amounts of pictures, visuals, quotes, and primary sources in this book. This source was very helpful for providing information, quotes, and pictures.

Ross, Stewart. The Collapse of Communism. Chicago, Illinois: Heinemann Library, 2004. Print. Witness to History. This book informed us about communist government and the rise and fall of communism. Additionally, this source provided interesting images and a timeline. We learned what happened specifically during the fall of the Berlin Wall and what events propelled the political barrier to fall. Some events included Reagans speech and Kennedys speech. Schmemann, Serge. When the Wall Came Down: The Berlin Wall and the Fall of Soviet Communism. Boston: Kingfisher, 2006. Print. This book is regarding a man's account of the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9th 1989. This primary source gave us an idea of how he felt when the wall fell. Additionally, we learned more about the wall itself and what happened during its fall. Webster, Noah. "Communism." New Collegiate Dictionary. A Merriam-Webster. Springfield, MA: G. & C. Merriam, 1953. 267. Print. This dictionary contains the definition of Communism, which helps the reader understand the idea and significance of communism better. This reference is located on our Ideas page. Winters, Paul A. The Collapse of the Soviet Union. San Diego: Greenhaven, 1999. Print. Turning Points in World History Ser. This book gave us background information about the Soviet Union and how they supported communism. We learned details about how the fall of the Berlin Wall impacted both communism and the USSR. Additionally, there was a fall of the Berlin Wall chapter that highlighted Mikhail Gorbachev's actions to end the Cold War.

Interviews Appleford, Tom, Live interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 12 Jan. 2013. We went to the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum in pursuit of attaining two live interviews and more knowledge on the fall of the Berlin Wall, communism, and Ronald Reagan (during this time period). One of the live interviews we conducted was with Tom Appleford, a tour guide at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum. In the interview, we learned about Reagans role towards the fall of the Berlin Wall. Berg, Anne, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 10 Jan. 2013. Dr. Anne Berg is currently a professor at the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor). Dr. Berg also explores Europe's social and cultural history. We had an interview with Dr. Berg in regards of turning points in history and eminent people. We learned about Gorbachevs importance to the Soviets policy and his wishes for state communism to be reformed. Caldwell, Carl, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 4 Jan. 2013. Dr. Carl Caldwell is a professor at Rice University and currently holds the Samuel G. McCann Professor of History position. He is highly interested in German and European Studies and has published several books about Germany's unification, history, and law. We interviewed him about the fall of the Berlin Wall, how this event is significant, important people, ideas, and events, and what impact this political barrier's fall has had on the modern world. Dr. Caldwell suggested several publications that were helpful, especially Stokes The Walls Came Tumbling Down.

Crew, David, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 11 Dec. 2012. Dr. David Crew is a distinguished professor at the University of Texas at Austin and is highly interested in German and European studies. We interviewed him about the fall of the Berlin Wall, why it was a turning point, and its impact. Unfortunately, we were unable to include him on our website due to the 1200 word count. We were inspired by his responses and ideas, which opened new doors for our website and the turning point section. Green, Sandy, Live interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 12 Jan. 2013. When we went to the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum, we also had another live interview with Sandy Green, an expert of the fall of the Berlin Wall. In this interview, we learned about how people escaped to West Germany and what techniques were commonly used to escape. Hecht, David, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 30 Dec. 2012. David Hecht is a professor at Bowdoin College and is the director of the first-year seminar program. His areas of interest consist of the Cold War and the late 1900s. We interviewed him about the Cold War, its impact, the way communism was viewed, and several significant figures in this time period.

Immerman, Richard, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 24 Dec. 2012. Dr. Richard H. Immerman is a professor of history and currently is the Edward J. Buthusiem Family Distinguished Faculty Fellow in History and Marvin Wachman Director of the Center for the Study of Force and Diplomacy (CENFAD) at Temple University. Interested in the Cold War, we interviewed Dr. Immerman about the Cold War, President Kennedy, Winston Churchill, communism, and the arms race. McAdams, A. James, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 23 Dec. 2012. A. James McAdams is a professor at the University of Notre Dame, the William M. Scholl Professor of International Affairs, and Director of the Nanovic Institute for European Studies. His interests lie in political comparisons, East Germany, and central Germany. He has written several publications on East Germany, the division of Germany, and the Communist Party. We interviewed him about eminent people, ideas, events, what this political barrier symbolizes, and the impact it has had on the citizens of the world. Robinson, Harlow, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 26 Dec. 2012. Dr. Harlow Robinson is a professor of history at Northeastern University. His interests lie in East European culture, Russia, and the Soviet Union. We interviewed him about the fall of the Berlin Wall, its impact, and Russia at that time period.

Schwartz, Thomas, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 2 Jan. 2013. Thomas A. Schwartz is a professor of history, political science, and European studies at Vanderbilt University. His interests consist of International Relations, twentieth century American history, and modern European history. He has several publications about Germany and United States - European relationships. We interviewed Professor Schwartz about his views on communism and capitalism, why this is a major turning point in history, and the impact it has had on many countries and individuals. Wcislo, Francis, E-mail interview by Anna Chalik, Alice Chen, Elizabeth Zietz. 30 Dec. 2012. Francis W. Wcislo is a professor of history and the dean of Ingram Commons at Vanderbilt University. Interested in Russia and the U.S.S.R, Professor Wcislo has published several books about Russia and national politics. We interviewed him about why the fall of the Berlin Wall is a turning point and how Russia was impacted. Unfortunately, we were unable to put this interview on the website because of the 1200 word count limit. We were influenced by his responses, which gave us new ideas for our impact page. Museums The Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation and Library. The Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. 1998. The Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley. We visited the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in order to learn more about Reagan's contributions to the fall of the Berlin Wall. In addition, we hoped to get a few live interviews. While there, we had two live interviews with two experts. Unfortunately, we were unable to put these interviews on our website due to the lack of MB space. We learned more about Reagan, Churchill, the Soviet Union, and communism.

Websites AP European History Web Links & Primary Source Documents Page." AP European History Web Links & Primary Source Documents Page. N.p., 2009. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website inspired our ideas for our Living with the Wall page. It contained a picture that portrayed the hardships while the wall was part of the Berliner's daily lives. This primary source helped us with our Construction page as well. "Austria 1989 - Year of Miracles." Austria 1989 - Year of Miracles. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website helped us understand the fall of the Berlin Wall more clearly. It had many pictures, videos, and very thorough explanations on why the Berlin Wall fell. This website also included a timeline that helped us with our own timeline events. Baetz, Juergen. "Germany Marks Construction of the Berlin Wall." Msnbc.com. Msnbc Digital Network, 13 Aug. 2011. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website included many pictures about the Berlin Wall. This source also gave us more specifics about the construction of the wall and what the building of this political barrier meant to Germany. Berlin. Digital image. HawkeBackpacking.com. N.p., N.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2012. This source was incredibly useful for our images. The pictures we used from this website allowed viewers to understand how people felt during this important time period. Used in our Berlin Wall pages banner, we also found another picture on this website that helped us understand how difficult it was to climb over and escape to the other side.

"Berlin Airlift." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website informed us about the Berlin Airlift and how it occurred. We learned that after World War II, supporters divided the defeated Germany into a Soviet-occupied region, an American-occupied region, a British-occupied region and a French-occupied region. This website gave us a general understanding of the Berlin Airlift, describing the Berlin Blockade and the demise of it. "Berlin, Berlin Wall and Germany Photographs and Pictures." Berlin, Berlin Wall and Germany Photographs and Pictures. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website included many pictures throughout the duration of the existence of the Berlin Wall. Pictures captured the Berlin Wall from the 1960s until 1989. Even though we did not include these photos, it helped us visualize how people lived in these conditions. Additionally, we learned how the Berlin Wall transformed after different periods of time. "Berlin Tourist Guide: East Side Gallery." Berlin Tourist Guide: East Side Gallery. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website helped us understand how different both sides of the wall were. The wall is about 0.62 miles long at the Mhlenstrasse. The Mhlenstrasse is the longest, preserved part in Berlin. On the eastern side, the wall was painted white. The west side of the Berlin Wall was quite different. It was used as an useful object for painting the East Berlin's side grey and white.

"Berlin Wall." Berlin Wall. N.p., N.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. This website lead us to discover that the Eastern German Government officially announced the deconstruction of the Berlin Wall in 1989. This source was vital to our research, describing the deconstruction of the wall. Additionally, we learned how people felt when the wall fell and how the East German government proclaimed the fall of the wall. "Berlin Wall Built." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. This website allowed us to find out how exactly the Berlin Wall was built. It helped us find out when and where the Berlin wall was built. This information helped us learn more about our topic. "Berlin Wall | Free Backgrounds and Textures | Cr103.com." Cr103com Design. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website provided an interesting picture of the Berlin Wall. Although it is not on our website, this picture reveals graffiti all over the wall, which shows the hatred shown towards the wall. This is one of the many pictures that helped us pick our topic about the Berlin Wall. "Berlin Wall Maps." Berlin Wall Maps. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website had three maps of the Berlin Wall in different time periods. In the first map, the American, British and French sector was part of the western system, while the Soviet sector was part of the communist system in the East. After World War II, the city of Berlin was divided into four sections.

"Berlin Wall Tourist Guide: Berlin Wall Sections." Berlin Wall Tourist Guide: Berlin Wall Sections. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website included a description of the Berlin Wall today. The Berlin Wall was a symbol of the Cold War and the separation of communism and capitalism. "Chapter 3: Into Politics with Kennedy and Johnson." Center Intelligence Agency. Ed. Sherman Kent Center. N.p., 22 May 1996. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. This website informed us about John F. Kennedy's role before the fall of the Berlin Wall. It gave us more background information, which helped us understand his later roles and speech towards the wall. Cheong, Shahan. "A City Divided: The History of the Berlin Wall." Web log post. Not Yet Published. Wordpress.com, 24 June 2011. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. This website provided an interesting picture of a person trying to escape from the Berlin Wall. At that time, citizens tensions were beginning to rise regarding the Wall and some eventually tried to escape. This website also contained some helpful background information for further understanding of some citizens' attempt to escape from this political barrier. Chollet, Derek. "The Fall of the Berlin Wall." Big Think. Big Think, 20 Aug. 2008. Web. 13 Jan. 2013. This website provided an informative video which described why the fall of the Berlin Wall was so important and who was influencing foreign policy during that time. Additionally, this source also provided an interview transcript of the video, which outlined the important parts of the video. Furthermore, we learned about the foreign policy.

Chollet, Derek. "We Are Big Idea Hunters." Big Think. N.p., 20 Aug. 2008. Web. 25 Jan. 2013. This website helped us with our Impact page. We used a quote from this website and put it in our flash animation on the impact of the fall of the Berlin Wall. The quote was: "For the United States it was a great moment of triumph. But the paradox was that within that triumph there was a sense that we had, in fact, been defeated." Chung, TK. "Cold War." 1945-1960. N.p., 1979. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. This website helped us understand the true meaning of the Cold War and how it started. The Cold War was the conflict between communism (USSR) and capitalism (US) during 1945 through 1960. This website also revealed the Cold Wars birth, rise, and causes. Such causes included the fear of communist attacks, the USSRs dislike for capitalism, and the USSRs goal to spread communism all over the world. "Citations Tags: Apa, Citations, Citing, Citing_sources, MLA, Plagiarism, Turabian, Writing, Writing_style ." How to Cite... Boise State, n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website helped us find out how to cite videos in MLA format. It also provided examples on how to cite other multimedia and sources. Clarck, Leon. "The Beginnings of the Cold War." The Beginnings of the Cold War. N.p., 19451991. Web. 9 Nov. 2012. This website was helpful, providing information about the birth of the Cold War. We learned about the controversial idea about communism versus capitalism. It lasted for fifty years because of the great tension after World War II.

"Click Here To Play: The Rise and Fall of the Berlin Wall." The Rise and Fall of the Berlin Wall. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. From this website, we learned more about the construction and the most famous part of the Berlin Wall. This helped us understand the Berlin Wall as a whole and how other people felt towards this political barrier. "Cold War." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 29 Nov. 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. This source gave us information about the ideas of "containment", helped us understand the role U.S. President Truman played in the Cold War, and introduced us to the Cuban Missile Crisis. In addition, we found some information about President Reagan's thoughts and ideas, as well as President Nixon's approach to the situation. This website gave information about the "arms race", which was important to our Introduction page. We learned about the weapons the United States and the USSR created. Furthermore, we were introduced to President Reagan's famous speech and how it influenced the fall of the Berlin Wall. Lastly, this website gave us some background on how the Cold War ended. "Cold War Begins." Cold War Begins. N.p., 2001. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. This source gave us an overall picture of the Cold War, mostly its causes. The Cold War was a disagreement between communism and capitalism during the late 1940's and the late 1980's after WWII ended. We also came across the causes of the Cold War. The US ended the lend lease and dropped the atomic bomb onto Hiroshima. The USSR refused to allow free election in Eastern Europe. Another cause of the Cold War was the violation of Stalin's agreement in Yalta.

"Cold War Berlin." In Your Pocket: Essential City Guides. Scribd.com, 1995. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website inspired some of our ideas for our Introduction page. We learned how it felt to feel threatened by the Cold War and the arms race. Additionally, we learned that Germany still celebrates November 9th every year, in honor of the fall of the Berlin Wall and the rise of freedom. "Cold War: Postwar Estrangement." Cold War. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website helped us understand the Cold War more clearly and understand specifically how it affected the construction of the Berlin Wall. We learned of Erich Honeckers idea to build the Berlin Wall. This source inspired parts of our Construction page. "Cold War Timeline." Cold War Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website provided a visual for the chronological events of the Cold War. It inspired our Timeline page and gave us an idea of what the important events were during this time period. "Communism Quotes, Quotations, and Sayings." Communism Quotes. WorldofQuotes.com, 2011. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website provided a quote by Thomas Sowell: Capitalism and communism stand at opposite poles. Their essential difference is this: The communist, seeing the rich man and his fine home, says: 'No man should have so much.' The capitalist, seeing the same thing, says: 'All men should have so much.' We used this quote on our Ideas page. "Communist Symbol Returns to Russian Army's Flag." N.p., 1996. Web. 19 Feb. 2013. From this website, we learned about the communist symbol. Additionally, we were informed about the relationship between the USSR and Russia.

Cook, Jane H. "Why Did the Berlin Wall Fall 22 Years Ago?" Fox News. FOX News Network, 09 Nov. 2011. Web. 01 Jan. 2013. Quoting a paragraph from this website, these words demonstrate and relate to the effect of the fall of the Berlin Wall. This secondary source is located on November 10, 1989, of our Timeline page. Cox, Michael. "Reagan Speech: "Tear down This Wall," 1987." The Gilder Lehraman Institute of American History. The Gilder Lehraman Institute of American History, 2013. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website gave us ideas for our Events page. We also learned about Ronald Reagan's role towards the fall of the Berlin Wall. This website offered many other primary and secondary sources from places such as USA Today and the book Reagan: An American Icon. Dornton. "Mr. Dorntons Blog.: JA 8 A History: May 10th to 14th. Blogger.com, 09 May 2010. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. During the Cold War tensions went to its height in the 1960's when John F. Kennedy and Khrushchev were on the brink of starting a nuclear war. This website showed an amusing picture of the Cuban Missile Crisis and the arms race. It pictures United States President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev in armament and the intensity of the competition. The avarice for weapons grows in both nations, as shown in the political cartoon.

"East Germany Begins Construction of the Berlin Wall." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 12 Aug. 1961. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. This website gave us information about the construction of the wall and how the Cold War started to signal its own end. This source opened up ideas for our Living with the Wall page on our website. "Exhibit: Kennedy at the Berlin Wall." Exhibit: Kennedy at the Berlin Wall. N.p., 12 June 1996. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. This website provided us a picture of John F. Kennedy's speech card for his remark towards Berlin. This website also allowed us to find a copy of a part of Ronald Reagan's speech when he told Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall. These pictures were included in our slideshow on the Events page. "Fall Of The Berlin Wall." Fall of the Berlin Wall. Facts and a Short Overview. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website informed us that the fall of the Berlin Wall was the most awaited moment the majority of people in both East and West Germany were looking forward to. The fall of the wall was symbolic and marked the beginning of great changes in the world. This website also described how Berliners felt about the fall of the Berlin Wall.

Frank. "Das Lied Der Deutschen." / Deutschland ber Alles / German National Anthem /Deutsche Nationalhymne / Deutschland Uber Allesfree Midi Mp3 Download Strand Hotel Sechelt Bed Breakfast. N.p., 2002. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. With this website, we were able to understand the German National Anthem in both German and English. The German language lyrics allowed us to understand how it is read and what it sounds like with the words. The English lyrics allowed us to know what it meant. Geldern, James Von, and Lewis Siegelbaum. "Seventeen Moments." Seventeen Moments in Soviet History. National Endowment for Humanities, n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. This source was recommended by one of the professors we contacted. She believed that this website was a useful source for Soviet History. We explored this website and were informed about the USSRs ambition to spread communism. "Goldstone Challenges Obama on Israeli War Crimes." My Hate Speech's. N.p., 06 Nov. 2009. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website contained a picture that exclaimed "Ich Bin Ein Berlinier!" This famous saying means I am a Berlinier. During the fall of the Berlin Wall, many Berliners had chanted this. Even though we did not incorporate this image on to our website, this picture introduced this popular phrase to us.

Hayward, Steven F. "AMERICAN.COM." The Berlin Wall, 20 Years Later The American Magazine. N.p., 9 Nov. 2009. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This website helped us understand what other countries were affected by the fall of the Berlin Wall. We learned that the fall of the Berlin Wall made a wrinkle in the Polish election law and a devastating blow to communism. The quote we found on this website was regarding Poland. This quote was later used in are flash animation on our Impact page. Heubusch, John. "25 Years since Reagan's Berlin 'Tear down Wall' Speech." Fox News. FOX News Network, 19 Sept. 2012. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. Quoting the information about President Reagan's speech in Berlin from this website, we learned how Reagan impacted the destruction of the Berlin Wall. This secondary source provided information for our Timeline page for 1987. "Historic George HW Bush Political Cartoon: The VEEP." The VEEP RSS. The VEEP: Thoughts & Analysis on the Vice Presidents, 6 June 2012. Web. 15 Jan. 2013. This political cartoon contains the figures Mikhail Gorbachev and George H.W. Bush. It was drawn during the time period of the fall of the Berlin Wall. This secondary source is located on the Ideas page. "Historic Speeches." - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, N.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. This website provided a quote that was from John F. Kennedy's speech about the Berlin Wall. It led us to understand his feelings about Communism and his determination to help Berlin.

"History of the Berlin Wall." History of the Berlin Wall. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website had a brief summary of how the border between East and West Berlin was finally opened. Additionally, we learned that half a million people (daily) crossed the border from one part of the city to the other. "How the Fall of the Berlin Wall Affected the World." HubPages. N.p., 2013. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This website provided useful information that helped us create our flash animation, which is located on our Impact page. A quote from this website is included on the flash for our South Africa section. "HTML Colors." HTML Colors. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website allowed us to pick some of the colors for our websites background. We searched for many different shades and used the HEX codes. "HTML Tutorial - (HTML5 Compliant)." HTML Tutorial. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website taught us how to use HTML coding. We used this information and applied it to our website; it helped us change our background shade and the color of our text. "Impact of Berlin Wall Collapse Still Rippling Through Russia." VOA. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This website gave us information about how Russia was impacted by the fall of the Berlin Wall. The fall of this political barrier not only impacted Germany, but also affected Moscow's control of the former East Bloc. This website provided a quote that appeared on our flash animation for Russia, which is located on our Impact page.

"Index of /files/gimgs." Index of /files/gimgs. Ullamarquardt.com, n.d. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. This source provided interesting pictures for our border on the top of one of our main pages. These images portray the intensity of the protestors during the 1988-1989 time period. Iskenderov, Pyotr. "The Disintegration of Yugoslavia." Global Research. GlobalResearch.ca, n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2013. This website informed us about the disintegration of Yugoslavia and Croatias first president Fanjo Tudman. Additionally, we used a quote from this website on our flash animation, which is located on our Impact page. The quote was: "The widely held view is that the 1989 German unification opened the era of the demise of totalitarian regimes across the continent and ultimately made the creation of the united Europe... The disintegration of Yugoslavia a process that cost thousands of lives commenced only a year after the demolition of the Berlin Wall, notably, the unified and extremely powerful Germany was one of its drivers." "John Paul II: A Catalyst in the Fall of the Berlin Wall and Communism in Europe." John Paul II: A Catalyst in the Fall of the Berlin Wall and Communism in Europe. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website informed us how Pope John Paul II affected the fall of the Berlin Wall. This website included a biography about his life, which was helpful for our understanding of this prominent person. Furthermore, this source inspired parts of our flash animation on our People page.

"John Paul II Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2013. Because the information on this website was known to be very reliable, we quoted the importance of Pope John Paul II from a section on this website. This quote is located on our People page. "Joseph Stalin 1879-1953 Russian Politician." History's Home on the Web. MultiEducator Inc., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. This website gave us additional information about Joseph Stalin and his actions towards the fall of the Berlin Wall. Additionally, we learned of Stalins plans about Berlin, and how the Americans bolstered Berlin with supplies, preventing his plans. This source describes how he led the Soviet Union and how he divided Eastern Germany. Kaplan, Fred. "How Could One City Mean so Much?" Slate Magazine. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website explained the many significant reasons for the fall of the Berlin Wall. This source also introduced and informed us about Nikita Khrushchev. Kennedy, John F. "John F. Kennedy Berlin Wall Speech - 1963. "Ich Bin Ein Berlinier." Video, Text, "I Am a Berlinier." Directory for Political Speeches." John F. Kennedy Berlin Wall Speech - 1963. "Ich Bin Ein Berlinier." Video, Text, "I Am a Berlinier." Directory for Political Speeches. U.S. Politics Guide, 2006. Web. 22 Jan. 2013. This website provided a quote from John F. Kennedy's speech. We used this quote on our Turning Point page. The quote was: "I know of no town, no city, that has been besieged for
eighteen years that still lives with the vitality and the force and the hope and the determination of the city of West Berlin... "

Kulish, Nicholas. "With Wall Just a Memory, Germany Divisions Fade." The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 7 Nov. 2009. Web. 15 Jan. 2013. This website gave us an overview and important information on the division of Germany. We learned how this country rebuilt itself and reunified its people, government, and economy. Li, Wie. "The Fall of Berlin Wall in the Eyes of China: From the Dramatic Changes in East Europe" to the "Unification of the Two Germany"" 20 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Feb. 2013. From this website, we learned how China viewed the fall of the Berlin Wall. Additionally, we were informed about the end of Germany's separation and some the Chinese media used, such as the "Dramatic Changes in East Europe." We took a quote from this website, and put it on our flash animation, which is located on our Impact page. The quote was: Far in the East, China paid close attention as the event unfolded. The Chinese government perspective on the event experienced major changes as things developed from the Dramatic Changes in East Europe to the Unification of the Two German." "Looking Back at the Fall of the Berlin Wall." German Missions in the United States. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2013. This website gave us a perspective of how people viewed the fall of the Berlin Wall many years later. This website also included a helpful timeline that gave us ideas for what events to include on our timeline.

"Mao Zedong Quotes." BrainyQuote. Xplore, N.D. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. This website provided us a quote that gave us an idea of how other political leaders viewed communism. The quote was: Communism is not love. Communism is a hammer which we use to crush the enemy. Furthermore, it gave us an insight of how strict communism could be and what some political leaders thought communism was all about. "MapSeeing.com." MapSeeing.com RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. This image captures an interesting scene of the Brandenburg Gate. Important to Germany, this monument was taken from above. We were able to compare this picture to our other images of the Brandenburg Gate. "Monuments." Berlin Wall / Senate Department for Urban Development. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2012. This website contained a picture of both the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall. This picture gave us some inspiration for choosing our topic. "NEWSEUM: Berlin Wall." NEWSEUM: Berlin Wall. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This source informed us about other countries that were affected by the Berlin Wall. Some of these countries were: Romania, Poland, Russia, and Hungary. For Germany, it was very hard to reunify its own country and bring it back to where it was before. In 1990, Germany held an election, and the non-communists gained control over the government. In this website, we found a quote, and used it in our flash animation for the country Germany. This flash is included on our Impact page.

"Nhd.weebly.com." Nhd.weebly.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website enabled us to make our own NHD website. It guided us and made the creation of a website much easier. Opelka, Mike. "Is This Iowa High School Teaching Students Communism Is Better Than Capitalism?" The Blaze. The Blaze, n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2013. We were inspired by an image on this website. The picture portrays both economic sides: communism and capitalism. We learned about how people viewed communism and capitalism in different parts of the United States. "Pope John Paul II - Honorary Grand Marshal 2003." PAC. N.p., 2003. Web. 08 Jan. 2013. This website gave us information about Pope John Paul II's death and successor. We also learned some information about some of Pope John Paul II's major accomplishments and how he communicated with other people around the world. "Propaganda-Pravda: Berlin Wall Propaganda from East Germany in 1961." Propaganda Pravda: Berlin Wall Propaganda from East Germany in 1961. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. From this website, we learned about both the rise and the fall of the Berlin Wall. This website had many videos, and images that helped us understand this turning point in history. Even though we did not use any of the pictures and videos on this website, the information was very helpful to us. The information we gained from this website inspired some of our ideas in both the Construction and Turning Point page.

Ratnesar, Romesh. "Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews." Time. Time, 09 Nov. 2009. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website explained both the fall of the Berlin Wall and other people who contributed to its fall. The author also describes significant actions that took place and feelings people experienced towards the fall of the Berlin Wall. We learned that many people ran over, hugging strangers while popping champagne, to celebrate this turning point in history. Additionally, we learned more about Ronald Reagans contributions to the fall of this political barrier. We learned details of his speech, which helped the wall fall. "Reagan Library.com | Berlin Wall." REAGANLIBRARY.COM | BERLIN WALL. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. This website informed us about the Ronald Reagan Museum and Library. This helped us find and locate this museum. As a result, we decided to go there and conduct two live interviews. Additionally, we also learned more details about Reagans life. Robinson, Dan, and Brian Davis. "Berlin Wall." Berlin Wall. Needham High School, 2000. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. This website contained many articles on both the Berlin Wall and its fall. It provided helpful statistics and information about the East German citizens' attempt to escape. Not only providing information, this website gave more sources in its bibliography that provided useful information and other perspectives of the situation.

Rofer, Silke. "10 Events Leading to the Fall of the Berlin Wall." German Embassy Wellington -. Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Wellington, n.d. Web. 13 Jan. 2013. This website provided us information and was helpful for developing new ideas. Discussing the ten events leading to the fall of the Berlin Wall, this source influenced our Events Page. We also learned that the opening of Hungary's borders was a significant event during the time of the fall of the Berlin Wall, because it created free movement between other communist countries. Before, there were protests every Monday in the East Germany city Leipzig, because citizens wished to move to West Germany. These protests pressured the government; as a result, the government reformed. Rosenberg, Jennifer. "The Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima And Nagasaki." 20th Century History. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website helped us find information for our timeline. We believed that our timeline should include events that led up to the Construction of the Berlin wall also. This website gave us exactly that, informing us about the Hiroshima bomb. Additionally, it gave a helpful introduction to the bombing of Hiroshima. Setiadi, Edwin. "The Chaos Theory." The Chaos Theory. N.p., 28` Dec. 2012. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website showed a picture of the fall of the Berlin Wall. Even though we did not use this image, it helped us understand how excited people were during this turning point in history.

Soules, Marshall. "Propaganda." Propaganda. Media-Sudies.ca, 2007. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. This source provided useful information about propaganda. This website mostly informed us about communist state propaganda, which deepened our understanding of communism. This website helped us create ideas and provided information for our Ideas page. "Spartacus Educational." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd, N.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. This website was an abundant resource that provided helpful information about West Germany. It explained critical events during the duration of the Berlin Walls existence and important political figures as well. Some political figures we learned about were: Ronald Reagan, John F. Kennedy, and Mikhail Gorbachev. This source also contained a historical background of West Germanys founders. This source supported West Germany, providing an insiders guide to Germanys place of freedom. Subscribe to Blog via Email." HereAndThereWithPatAndBob. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. This image is of the Brandenburg Gate when the Berlin Wall was still up. Although it does not appear on our website, this picture can be compared to other images on our website. We saw similarities and differences; this enabled us to let the Brandenburg Gate's transformation over this long duration of time: from the Berlin Wall's construction, to several years after its demise.

"Tear Down This Wall." Tear Down This Wall. National Archives, 2007. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website provided a quote from Ronald Reagan's speech. This quote means that as long as the wall stands, freedom is unquestionable for the East Germans. This quote was included on our Events page. It was: As long as this gate is closed, as long as this scar of a wall is permitted to stand, it is not the German question alone that remains open, but the question of freedom for all mankind." "Ten Facts About The Berlin Wall." Ten Facts About The Berlin Wall. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website gave us ten facts about the Berlin Wall. We also learned that the wall began its construction in 1961. This information helped us learn more about the construction of the Berlin wall. "The Berlin Airlift." The Berlin Airlift. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website included many interesting articles, pictures, and videos that helped us learn more about the Berlin Airlift. Additionally, we were introduced to General William H. Tunner and what German volunteers did during this duration of time. "The Berlin Airlift-June 24, 1948 to May 12, 1949." The Berlin Airlift-June 24, 1948 to May 12, 1949. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website discusses the Berlin Airlift in more depth, giving a formal introduction of this event. We learned about Bizonia and the Soviet Union's actions towards the Berlin Blockade. Most of this information gave us inspiration that led us to including information about the Berlin Airlift into our Introduction page.

The Berlin Wall." - Berlin.de. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website inspired our Construction page. It had very helpful information about the measurements of the Berlin Wall. "The Berlin Wall." ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website contained general information about the Berlin Wall and its fall. This information was not used in our website, but it helped us develop questions for our interviews. "The Berlin Wall Falls and USSR Dissolves." US Department of State. N.p., n.d. Web. This website informed us that while the Berlin Wall fell, the Soviet Union collapsed. This source helped us learn more about our topic. It was especially helpful when we first chose our topic, because it gave us more information about the fall of the Berlin Wall that we did not know about at the time. "The Berlin Wall Through Time." New York Times. NY Times, n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website helped us understand by the Berlin Wall was torn down. It had a very interesting feature: it showed the Brandenburg Gate before and after the Berlin Wall with a slide. We collected information from this website and applied it to our Turning Point subpages. "The Cold War." The Cold War. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website helped us learn more information about the Berlin Wall and how the Cold War impacted the construction of the wall. This source helped us collect information for our Introduction page.

"The Cold War in Berlin." - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website covered information about the Berlin Wall's history. This source also informed us about the speech that Kennedy performed in order to cause the Berlin Wall to fall. Overall, this source contained much information about the Cold War in Berlin. "The Cold War Museum." Cold War Museum. The Cold War Museum, n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. This website included a timeline about the Berlin Wall. Additionally, this source helped us gather information about our timeline events. This website inspired us to use several dates, including: the Hiroshima bomb, the split of Europe, and the beginning of the Cold War. Also, this website gave us ideas of what to write for each event. "The End of the Cold War." The End of the Cold War. The National Museum of American History, 2000. Web. 03 Jan. 2013. Said by Mikhail Gorbachev, we quoted this proclamation, because it provided information for our timeline page for the event that occurred in 1991. Gorbachev's quote and more information helped us understand the end of the Cold War. The quote was: The end of the Cold War is our common victory. "The Fall of the Berlin Wall." Counterpunch: Tells the Facts, Names the Names. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website gave us facts about the Berlin Wall. This source also gave us inspiration for our Impact page. We decided to have a flash animation showing what countries were impacted by the fall of the Berlin Wall. Some countries that were impacted are: Romania, Russia, US, Germany, Hungary, and Poland.

"The Fall of the Berlin Wall." In Your Pocket. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website included many pictures and thorough explanations about whom and what caused the fall of the Berlin Wall. This website also informed us about the Cold War and how the fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized the end of the Cold War. "The Fall of the Eastern Bloc." Representation in Ireland. European Commission, 10 Oct. 2012. Web.19 Feb. 2013. This website informed us about why the fall of the Berlin Wall is symbolic and the countries that were part of the Eastern Bloc. We learned about Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Germany's reunification. "The Fall of the Eastern Bloc." The Fall of the Eastern Bloc. EU, 8 Oct. 2012. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website informed us about the fall the Eastern Bloc. Additionally, this website provided us an image of the fall of the Berlin Wall. We use this picture on our Events page in order to capture this turning point in history. "The Free Automatic Bibliography and Citation Maker." EasyBib. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2013. This website guided us through the citing process (for our sources). We learned the proper way to cite our sources using MLA format. "The Guard Who Opened the Berlin Wall: 'I Gave My People the Order -- Raise the Barrier'" SPIEGEL ONLINE. Spiegel Online, n.d. Web. 22 Jan. 2013. This website informed us about the guard who opened the Berlin Wall. This source includes an interview transcript of an interview with the guard, as he describes this historical event. This interview transcript included information about how people felt during this turning point.

"The National Security Archive." Reagan, Gorbachev and Bush at Governor's Island. N.p., 2008. Web. 27 Dec. 2012. This website provided us a picture of Gorbachev, which appeared on our People page. It portrays the significance of Gorbachev and inspired other ideas in our other website pages. We were reminded of Gorbachev's role during this time period and to the fall of the Berlin Wall. "The Rise and Fall of the Berlin Wall." The Rise and Fall of the Berlin Wall. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website helped us learn more about both the fall and the rise of the Berlin Wall. It included interesting features, such as a detailed timeline, maps, videos, and pictures. "The Voice Of One Crying Out In Suburbia: Unity As Witness. Or Not." The Voice Of One Crying Out In Suburbia: Unity As Witness. Or Not. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website included a picture of people trying to make the Berlin Wall fall down. Although this image is not included on our website, this picture helped us understand how important the fall of the Berlin Wall was to many East Berliners and the rest of the world.

"There Are Many People in the World Who Really Don't Understand-or Say They Don't-what Is the Great Issue between the Free World and the Communist World. ... Let Them Come to Berlin! By John Fitzgerald Kennedy." There Are Many People in the World Who Really Don't Understand by John Fitzgerald Kennedy. N.p., N.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. This quote illustrates the fact that many people thought they understood the disagreement between communism and capitalism. However, if they went to Berlin during the duration of the Berlin Walls existence, they would truly understand the whole picture and how intense the situation really was. Trueman, Chris. "The Cold War." The Cold War. History Learning Site, N.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. This website gave information about Winston Churchill's Iron Curtain speech and how it influenced the Cold War. It also provided information about the causes of the Cold War and some fears and ideas of both the United States and the USSR. This website introduced the policy President Truman presented, the Truman Doctrine. One page of the website provided a useful chronological list of events that occurred before and during the Cold War that was helpful for our timeline page. This website gave us a big picture of what the Cold War really was and background information. "Truman Library: The Berlin Airlift Online Research File." Truman Library: The Berlin Airlift Online Research File. Harry S. Truman, n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2013. This website informed us about the Berlin Airlift. This source made our understanding of the series of the timeline events more clearly.

"View All Walt Whitman Quotes." Search Quotes. Search Quotes, 2012. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. This website gave the impression of how Americans felt about democracy. Behind the words, it describes of how Americans work democracy, not the other way around. Most importantly, this quote showed how an American viewed democracy. "Wall's Rise and Fall." The Wall Street Journal. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2013. This website provided us information about events that ranged from the Berlin Wall's construction until Germany's reunification. It inspired us for our Construction page. Waterman, John. "The Berlin Wall: 1961-1989." NPR. PBS, n.d. Web. 8 Jan. 2013. This website provided important pictures that showed the Berlin Wall before its fall and the intensity during this time period. Watson, Paul Joseph. "Gorbachev Calls for American Perestroika." ANU Newsnet RSS. Prison Planet, 21 Oct. 2011. Web. 08 Jan. 2013. This source informed us about Gorbachev's calls for global governance. Declaring his views on the world's current unification, Gorbachev expresses his thoughts of global governance and his current calls for "central authority." He believes that America should have its own perestroika. "West Berlin, Germany June 26, 1963." JFK: Berlin Speech. The John C. Stennis Institute of Government, 3 Dec. 2001. Web. 16 Jan. 2013. John F. Kennedy was an important figure that contributed to the fall of the Berlin Wall. Famous for his speech, Kennedy encouraged the people of East Berlin to seek freedom. This website includes Kennedy's speech and his response to the Cold War and the Soviet Union's communist government.

"Why the Berlin Wall Fell." Wall Street Journal. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2013. This website had an interesting article about why the Berlin Wall fell. It inspired us for our Ideas page. Additionally, it included a factual debate about why the wall fell and some key ideas that helped the fall of the Berlin wall. This website also talked about important people like John Pope Paul II and how he contributed to the fall of the Berlin Wall. Ronald Regan was also included. This website taught us about the Berlin Airlift and how many people lost their lives during this tragic time. Overall, this website allowed us to learn more about the fall of the Berlin wall and other things that contributed it. "Year 1989 German Democratic Republic (GDR) - History -." Year 1989 German Democratic Republic (GDR) - History -. Institute of National Remembrance, 07 Jan. 2013. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. This website gave us background information about the fall of the Berlin Wall and gave us new ideas for our turning point- people, ideas, and events page. This source also provided excellent information about Gorbachev and his role during this time period. Videos Blas, History.com. Berlin Wall: Deconstruction. You Tube. Web. 3 Feb. 2012 This YouTube video helped us interact with the reader and incorporate multimedia on our website. This video showed both the construction and the deconstruction of the Berlin Wall. We cut the video into three parts: the introduction, the construction, and the deconstruction.