LPG Detector and Informer

Introduction:This project is microcontroller based project. A Gas sensor is used to detect dangerous gas leaks in the kitchen or near the gas heater. This unit detects 300 to 5000ppm of Natural Gas. Ideal to detect dangerous gas leaks in the kitchen. Sensor can be easily configured as an alarm unit. The sensor can also sense LPG and Coal Gas. Ideal sensor for use to detect the presence of a dangerous LPG leak in your car or in a service station, storage tank environment. This unit can be easily incorporated into an alarm unit, to sound an alarm or give a visual indication of the LPG concentration. The sensor has excellent sensitivity combined with a quick response time. Detected is messaged to the authorized person using cellular network called GSM. In this project there are mainly two units, GSM modem and microcontroller unit.GSM modem can be configured by standard GSM AT command set for sending and receiving SMS and getting modem status. Depending upon the Gas sensor output microcontroller can send message to the authorized person and also depending upon the message received the microcontroller unit will control the devices and acknowledges the device status to the user as SMS.

Block Diagram:

Major Components Used

Microcontroller: - AVR, 8051, PIC. Any one of these chips can be used because
They are very powerful microcontroller easily available at the affordable price. Easy to interface with other peripherals. Softwares are open source. Datasheets, Forums & other resources provides ample guidance. Programmers for these controllers are easily available in the college. They come in PDIP & TQFP packages which are easy to solder.

LPG Detector and Informer

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN GAS LEAKAGE DETECTED: What to do if your gas detector alerts you to a natural gas leak 1. Leave the house immediately. 2. DO NOT make calls from your home. Phones are capable of producing a spark, which could start a fire or explosion. Contact your local gas utility company or call 911 from a phone outside and away from your home. 3. DO NOT light a match or other combustible material. Likewise, DO NOT turn any light switches on or off, and DO NOT plug or unplug electrical appliances such as a television or vacuum cleaner. These activities also can produce a spark that could start a fire or explosion. 4. Do not re-enter the house until the gas company finds the source of the leak and corrects it.

SOURCES OF NATURAL GAS SENSORS: 1. Leaks from gas appliances, heating systems, and water heaters 2. Leaks from interior natural gas piping systems 3. Migration of natural gas indoors from leaks in outdoor piping systems

Relay Circuit: A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.