Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Submitted to:
Mr.Arora Gaurav Singh
Submitted by:
Navdeep Singh Yadav(A06) Siraj Kureshi(A07) Gagandeep Kaur Rangi(A08) Harish Kumar(A10) Ramandeep Verma(A11)
\\\
The EU operates through a system of supranational independent institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions by the member states. Important institutions of the EU include the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Council, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and the European Central Bank. The European Parliament is elected every five years by EU citizens. The EU has developed a single market through a standardised system of laws which apply in all member states. Within the Schengen Area (which includes EU and non-EU states) passport controls have been abolished.EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries and regional development. A monetary union, the eurozone, was established in 1999 and, as of January 2012, is composed of 17 member states. Through theCommon Foreign and Security Policy the EU has developed a limited role in external relations and defence. Permanent diplomatic missions have been established around the world and the EU is represented at the United Nations, the WTO, the G8 and the G-20. With a combined population of over 500 million inhabitants, or 7.3% of the world population, the EU generated a nominal GDP of 16,242 billion US dollars in 2010, which represents an estimated 20% of global GDP when measured in terms of purchasing power parity The European Union is hosting the forthcoming 11th EU-India Summit in Brussels, on 10 December 2010. The EU will be represented by Herman Van Rompuy, President of the European Council and Jos Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission. India will be represented by the Prime Minister, Dr Manmohan Singh. The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Catherine Ashton.
SUMMIT AGENDA
Bilateral issues
Leaders will address cooperation in the security, defence and peacekeeping sphere. Talks will also examine the progress registered in the counter-terrorism field. Consultations are also expected to focus on the EU-India economic cooperation, in particular the ongoing Free Trade Agreement negotiations as well as the bilateral collaboration in the energy field.
Regional issues
Under this cluster, leaders are expected to address inter alia the topics of Afghanistan and Pakistan
Global issues
The main focus of discussions will be on the global economic governance. Leaders are expected to exchange views on viable ways of stimulating economic recovery, following the G20 Summit in Seoul. Global threats and challenges including non-proliferation and disarmament as well as climate change are also important topics on the agenda. Leaders are expected to discuss the implementation of decisions made at the Cancun conference, which will be in its decisive phase when the summit takes place.
EU-INDIA RELATIONS
EU-India relations date back to the early 1960s when diplomatic relations were established. It was however the 1994 Cooperation Agreement (which is still the current legal framework for cooperation) that opened the door to the broad political dialogue that has since evolved, notably through annual Summits since 2000, and through regular ministerial and expert-level meetings. In recognition of both sides political and economic importance the EU-India Strategic Partnership was created in 2004 to enable the partners to better address complex international issues in the context of globalisation. To underpin the Strategic Partnership, leaders at the 2005 Summit adopted the EU-India Joint Action Plan (the JAP) which defined common objectives and proposed a wide range of supporting activities in the areas of political, economic, and development cooperation. The Joint Action Plan was reviewed at the 2008 Summit which has since focused on promoting four priorities: peace and comprehensive security, sustainable evelopment, research and technology, and people-to-people and cultural exchanges.
BILATERAL AGREEMENTS
India and the EU have signed bilateral agreements which includes cooperation in the field of Science & Technology in 2001 which was renewed in 2007; Joint Vision Statement for promoting cooperation in the field of information and communications technology in 2001; customs cooperation agreement in 2004; Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation on Employment and Social Affairs in November 2006; Horizontal Civil Aviation Agreement in 2008; Joint Declaration in field of Education in 2008; Joint Declaration on Multilingualism in March 2009 and Agreement in the field of nuclear fusion energy research in November 2009 and Joint Declaration on Culture in December 2010. As mentioned earlier, India and EU are also currently negotiating the Broad-based Trade and Investment Agreement.
Summit meetings
Besides several ministerial and expert level meetings, the EU and the Republic of India hold regular annual summits. The forthcoming Brussels meeting will be the first EU-India Summit organized under the arrangements introduced by the Lisbon Treaty. The previous EU-India Summit was heldin New Delhi on 6 November 2009.
Trade relations
EU-India trade relations have progressed tremendously over the last years. India ranked 9th in the list of the EUs main trading partners in 2009, up from 15th in 2002. The EU is Indias largest trading partner accounting for approximately 69 billion in trade in goods and services in 2009. The EU accounted for 21% of Indias total exports and 14% of Indias total imports. On the other hand, India accounts for 2.5% of EUs total exports and 2.1% of the EUs total imports. The EU has been the biggest investor in India with a cumulative volume of about 20.0 billion since 2000. However, there is still much potential for trade growth. Aiming to boost trade in goods and services, these negotiations started in 2007. Several rounds of consultations have been held until now, therefore, during the summit, leaders are also expected to review ongoing negotiations, with the aim to conclude the agreement in 2011 The completion of the Free Trade Agreement negotiations is a strategic objective for the EU and India. In addition to annual summit meetings, trade subjects are regularly discussed in fora such as: the senior-official level Joint Committee, the Sub-Commission on Trade and a series of working groups dealing with the issues of barriers to trade, agricultural or industrial policy.
The main objectives of the EU-India Cooperation Programme are to contribute towards Indias achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and to provide support for the implementation of the EU-India Joint Action Plan (JAP). The first Multi-annual Indicative Programme (MIP) under the 2007-2013 planning period allocated a total of 260 million for the above activities over the four years from 2007-2010. Following a Midterm Review exercise conducted in 2009 the second MIP (2011-13) allocates an indicative total of 210 million to the same sectors as previously, but with an increased allocationfor the social sectors.
Economic partnership
The EU is India's largest trading partner and main source of foreign inward investment, whereas India is only the EU's 14th trading partner. India needs to further open up its market and accelerate market reform to realise the potential of its market. It must address such matters as customs tariffs and the many non-tariff trade barriers, as well as considerably improving its infrastructure. The strategic dialogue should address regulatory and industrial policy to improve business competitiveness on both sides. India and the EU should also promote cooperation on the world's major environmental challenges such as biodiversity, climate change and the depletion of the ozone layer. In many areas, dialogue with India has already made considerable progress. Strategic sectoral dialogues should be developed in the following areas:
the information society; transport; energy; biotechnology; the Galileo programme (the European global satellite navigation system); a space partnership.
The EU and India must start dialogue on investment, intellectual property rights and trade defence instruments. The EU has an interest in enhancing cooperation with India on technical barriers to trade and sanitary and phytosanitary issues. The EU-India customs cooperation agreement should also be exploited and sustainable development and South Asian regional cooperation should be promoted. There is enormous potential for EU-India collaboration in science and technology. Indian researchers should be encouraged to participate in the EU's 6th Framework Programme. The EU should invite India to regularly attend ministerial level consultations on subjects of mutual interest in the field of monetary and financial policy.
Development cooperation
The EU must help India to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Coordination with other EU donors needs to be improved. The EU could also share its experience of social security systems.
Mutual understanding
The European and Indian Parliaments are considering organising regular, institutionalised parliamentary exchanges. In terms of culture, cooperation in all disciplines should be reinforced. All Member States and institutions should cooperate and coordinate their activities to inform Indian public opinion. The Government of India should be encouraged to visit EU institutions as often as possible and devise its own communications strategy.
Institutional architecture
EU-Indian partnership is based on the 1994 Cooperation Agreement and the Joint Political Declaration of 1993. The first Lisbon summit of 2000 was also key to the development of bilateral relations. The Commission proposes a number of initiatives to streamline the structure of the partnership.
The EC funded EU-IndiaGrid2 project - Sustainable e-infrastructures across Europe and India has played a key role in enhancing and increasing Euro-India cooperation on e-Infrastructures. The EUIndiaGrid e-Infrastructure has successfully supported a set of applications which, with effective deployment and increasing usage of the Grid service, achieved excellent results in the domains ofHigh-Energy Physics, Biology, Material Science, Earth and Atmospheric Science. EU-IndiaGrid2 is now approaching to its conclusion. The final workshop will be held on 8th December within the frameworkof the 7th International Conference on e-Science, in Stockholm, Sweden.
Academy of Performing Arts and the Srishti School of Art shared views on design and technology with partners from eight European countries.
We will also give renewed political impetus to our cooperation in the field of energy. We can do even more to exploit the potential of green and clean technologies together, to the benefit of our citizens and businesses."