Blood extravates into subarachnoid space

Develops defects in the muscular layer (tunica muscularis) of arteries

Ineffective Tissue Perfusion Acute Pain

Blood spreads out and coats other vessels and the brain structure

Alterations in the internal elastic membrane (lamina elastic interna) of cerebral arteries

Subarachnoid blood may produce meningeal signs

Weakening of the vessel wall

Nimotop

Intracranial hypertension occurs

Dilatation of the wall of the cerebral artery

Citicoline

Progressive decrease in cerebral blood flow from a massive increase in ICP or from transient acute vasospasm

Blood flow exerts pressure against a congenitally weak arterial wall

Impaired level of consciousness

Rupture of the arterial wall Decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure

Acute hydrocephalus occurs due to blocked CSF outflow or increase CSF viscosity

SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE

Signs & Symptoms Loss of consciousness Headache MRI Celecoxib

Hyponatremia: 136mmol/L

CT Scan

Seizure Dilantin

Increase fat deposit on the walls of the blood vessels

Decreased Cardiac Output

Increase workload of the heart Narrowing of blood vessels (Coronary Artery)

Atherosclerosis

Pressure on the wall of blood vessels

Increase blood pressure

Increase peripheral vascular pressure Some fragments joins in the circulation

HCVD

Chest Ap

Goes to small vessels and clog (Deep penetrating arteries)

Signs & Symptoms: Shortness of breath Weakness Fatigue Diaphoresis Dizziness Chest pain

Obstruction/ interruption of oxygen supply to the organs because of poor circulation ECG

Modifiable Factors: Excess alcohol intake Smoking Stress High salt intake Low potassium intake Lifestyle High cholesterol intake

Non- Modifiable Factors: Age Gender Family History Obesity Hypertension Polycystic kidney disease

Changes in arteriolar bed Increase systemic vascular resistance

Increase afterload

Decrease blood flow to the organs specifically in the kidneys

Conversion of angiotensin to angiotensin I

Converted angiotensin II by ACE in the lungs

Angiotensin II constricts arteries

Stimulates to increase aldosterone

HYPERTENSION

Amlodipine