2.

Skew plate

Material parameters: E = 30109 N/m2, = 0.3

Geometry: Thickness t = 8 mm; a = 1 m; b = 0.4 m; = 30

Load: p = 20 kPa

PREPROCESSOR: Start ABAQUS /CAE Create Model Database RC on Model-1 Rename Rename Model-1 to: Skew_Plate OK Part (DC) Name: Plate, Modeling space: 3D, Type: Deformable, Shape: Shell, Type: Planar, Approximate size: 4.0 Continue Definition of geometry in the sketcher: one of the possible solutions: draw any rectangle, delete perpendicular and horizontal constraints, constrain the vertical lines to remain vertical, constrain the bottom and top edge to remain parallel, dimension left edge to be 0.4, dimension the horizontal distance between the corner points belonging to the lower edge to be 1.0, dimension the angle between the left (vertical) and bottom edge to be 60 Leave the sketcher when the sketch is complete (Sketch the section for the planar shell Done) (Module: Part) Partition the plate: (DC) on part Plate in Model Tree to make it current - Partition Face: Shortest Path Between 2 Points select the midpoints of the skewed edges Create Partition Create assembly (create dependent instance of the plate) Define material Define homogeneous shell section with thickness t Define local material directions:

(partition)

Define a rectangular datum coordinate system: Create datum CSYS: 2 Lines Name: Local_direction, Coordinate System Type: Rectangular Continue select bottom long edge to be the x-axis and the right edge to be in the xy-plane From the main menu of the Property module Assign Material Orientation select the plate Done select the new Datum CSYS select the Axis-3 for approximate shell normal no additional rotation (i.e. 0.0) OK Assign the section to the part Skew_Plate Create geometrical Sets: expand the Assembly (DC) on Sets LeftEdge select the left edge Done; using the same procedure create sets: RightEdge and MidSpan Define a static, linear analysis step named Loading

Define history output request: (DC) on History Output Requests Name: H-Output-2 (default name), Step: Loading Domain: Set: MidSpan, Frequency: Every n increments, n: 1, select from list displacement U3 OK Define boundary conditions: Assign ENCASTRE boundary conditions to the LeftEdge The RightEdge has all degrees suppressed except for the U1 direction in the above defined datum CSYS. Define the boundary conditions with respect to the datum CSYS. Define the Load: Loads (DC) Name: Pressure, Step: Loading, Category: Mechanical, Types for selected step: Pressure Continue select the whole plate Done choose the side for the shell or internal faces: Brown (choose the top side of the plate, thats the side the pressure acts on) Distribution: Uniform, Magnitude: 2.0E4, Amplitude: (Ramp) OK Define the mesh: Assign quadratic shell element (S8R, shell with 8 nodes, reduced integration) to the whole part Seed part using a global element size of (try different values: 0.2; 0.15; 0.1) Assign mesh controls ( Mesh the part Define job ), for all area segments: specify structured mesh technique

SOLVER: Submit job to calculation POSTPROCESSOR (Visualization module): ) Normals Check Display the element normals: Main menu Options Common (or use Show normals, On elements OK (or Apply) (check if all normals point in the same direction) Plot symbols ( ) Print the reaction forces and moments at supports in a file: in Common Options check Show node labels and Show node symbols turn off contour plot mode ((RC) on or ) (if contour plot mode is active) expand Node Sets, select LeftEdge and RightEdge, (RC) Replace (only nodes on the edges, where the boundary conditions are defined, are shown) in the main menu Report Field Output card Variable: Position: Unique Nodal, check RF1, RF2, RF3 under Reaction force and RM1, RM2, RM3 under Reaction moment; card Setup: Name: Skew_Plate.rpt, leave default settings as they are comment the results in the file.

Assess the results (is the assumption of linearity justified?), find the largest stresses and displacements. Recalculate the case with a finer mesh, check the convergence (linear element, quadratic element, different global element size).