Work Cited Primary Sources "Small Acts from A Small Man." The Crisis Sept. 1936: n. pag. Web.

20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.flickr.com/photos/vieilles_annonces/5318431419/>. This is a very useful resource for my research because it shows how people reacted during the 1936 Olympics time period. This article also represents a turning point Jesse Owens inspired on others. The Crisis was a magazine supporting the NAACP, if Owens was able to strike this much passion and power into this simple editorial, then the ones reading it must have felt that same drive for equal rights and to also stick it to Hitler. The author went as far as to call Hitler a small man, which also shows the drive that the author had against Hitler that Owens inspired. Jesse Owens 1936 Olympics Adolf Hitler. Perf. Jesse Owens and Adolf Hitler. Jesse Owens 1936 Olympics Adolf Hitler. Youtube, 30 Jan. 2008. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXIe5GbLSUs&bpctr=1361416258>. This source is very useful to me because it provides video from the time, showing Jesse run, as well as some other African- Americans compete. One of the most important shots is the show to Hitler observing Jesse Owens during the 100-meter race. Hitler contains a blank stare, obviously showing that he is puzzled by the feat he just observed by the Non- Aryan. Secondary Sources "The Nazi Olympics: Berlin 1936." The Nazi Olympics: Berlin 1936 | Boycott. Holocaust Museum, n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013. <http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/olympics/detail.php? content=boycott>. This site goes into almost every aspect that surrounded the Nazi Olympics. It goes into August 1936, Germany, Sports, Boycott, To Berlin, The Olympics, and The Aftermath Another reason that this piece is so useful is because this site gets into such details that were tough to find before. This site essentially gives the broadest background of Germany and the 1936 Games, with a small bit of Jesse Owens. Potts, Courtney. "1936: The 'Nazi Olympics'" The New York Times Upfront. New York Times, 9 May 2011. Web. 13 Feb. 2013. <http://teacher.scholastic.com/scholasticnews/indepth/upfront/features/index.asp? article=f050911_olympics>. The article gives a lot of background to how Hitler came to power, as well as the background of Jesse Owens. This is useful to my research because just jumping into Owens and Hitler at the Olympics is a little confusing. It is useful to use some background research of each character even if it is only used as Cleveland,

Ohio native Jesse Owens ..., or the leader of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party Adolf Hitler .. Also, this article is useful for the research because it revealed that only one Jewish competitor was allowed on the German team. The other entire competitors werent allowed due to technicalities. JesseOwens.com. Jesse Owens Trust C/o Luminary Group LLC, 2009. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. <http://www.jesseowens.com/>. This is easily the best piece of research I have found yet. The reason that this research is so useful to me is because the background information goes into such depth, where the other sources didnt. For example, the sore back world records, and the story of how he changed his birth name from James Cleveland Owens to Jesse when his schoolteacher called him J.C., mistaken for Jesse over time. The site also contains a great Photos section, as well as a very useful Quotes section. "The Nazi Olympics." The Nazi Olympics. American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/olympics.html>. Although this source is just like all the other, there is still some obvious use for the article. The reason that this source is useful is because it goes into background of how the Germans didnt let Jews practice in professional facilities. This obviously doesnt connect to the African- American Jesse Owens, but this evidence will be used to show just how racist Adolf Hitler was. Another great piece of evidence that is useful is how Hitler cleaned up the city before the Olympics, especially the 800 Gypsies that were arrested. This will also be used to show how racist Hitler was (most likely to be used in the introduction). Mackenzie, Michael. "From Athens to Berlin: The 1936 Olympics and Leni Riefenstahls Olympia." Critical Inquiry Winter 2003 29.2 (2003): n. pag. JSTOR. JSTOR. Web. 19 Feb. 2013. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/374029>. This helps my research because it gives an outside view of the Olympics, especially a film (Olympia) of the Olympics. It gives ties to how the movie portrayed the athlete. This could be useful for the research because it gives a resource from the time of how the Non- Aryans were portrayed on film, especially Jesse Owens, and the others. "Jim Crow Laws." Jim Crow Laws - Separate Is Not Equal. Smithsonian National Museum of American History, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2013. <http://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/history/1-segregated/jim-crow.html>. This helps my research because it provides background information on the United States in 1936. It focuses on the Jim Crow Laws which targeted blacks against most everyday aspects of life. The link provides photos of signs that read Darkies Bathing Prohibited, as well as many other signs. , The site also quotes laws that specific southern states proposed such as Alabama, Nebraska, Missouri, and Tennessee. It is an important source for my project because it revolves right

around the time of the 1936 Olympics. If background information is being provided for Hitler and Germany, then the same background should be provided for Jesse Owens and the United States. Koeller, David W. "The Nuremberg Laws." Nuremberg Laws: 1935. World History Chronology, 1996. Web. 22 Feb. 2013. <http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/WestEurope/NuremLaws.html>. This helps my research because it gives a background to Germany around the time of the 1936 Olympics, most specifically in 1935. This site gives an outline of the Nuremberg Laws that were a lot like the Jim Crow Laws, but instead of attacking blacks, the Jews were attacked. This site provides specific laws passed like the Reichsburgergesetz (Law of the Reich Citizen) that was passed to deprive Jews of their German citizenship. The site also includes the Gesetz zum Schutze des Deutschen Blutes und der Deutschen Ehre (Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor), or simply Blutschutzgesetz law that prevented marriage and or sexual relations with Jews and those of German blood. Jesse Owens: Enduring Spirit. Perf. Jesse Owens. Big Ten Network. Big Ten Conference, 9 Jan. 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gnXg158TcQ>. This is an important source because it provides just great euphemisms for Jesse Owens. The narrators provide great descriptions of Jesse Owenss life, along with great detail, such as how he was not allowed to live on the OSU campus. This video gives interviews with experts of Jesse Owens, along with a very memorable interview with all three of Jesse Owens daughter, who all have nothing but good things to say about their father. "Adolf Hitler." Http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. American- Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. <http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/hitler.html>. This source provides very valuable information on Adolf Hitler. It goes into exactly how he is born through every step that was taken for him to become the Fuhrer of Germany. Each aspect of his life is portrayed in great detail of paragraphs, along with some great photos (him as a baby, as a soldier). This site provides an inside look on Adolf Hitler. That is why this source is valuable for my research. "Small Acts from A Small Man." The Crisis Sept. 1936: n. pag. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.flickr.com/photos/vieilles_annonces/5318431419/>. This is a very useful resource for my research because it shows how people reacted during the 1936 Olympics time period. This article also represents a turning point Jesse Owens inspired on others. The Crisis was a magazine supporting the NAACP, if Owens was able to strike this much passion and power into this simple editorial, then the ones reading it must have felt that same drive

for equal rights and to also stick it to Hitler. The author went as far as to call Hitler a small man, which also shows the drive that the author had against Hitler that Owens inspired. Jesse Owens 1936 Olympics Adolf Hitler. Perf. Jesse Owens and Adolf Hitler. Jesse Owens 1936 Olympics Adolf Hitler. Youtube, 30 Jan. 2008. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXIe5GbLSUs&bpctr=1361416258>. This source is very useful to me because it provides video from the time, showing Jesse run, as well as some other African- Americans compete. One of the most important shots is the show to Hitler observing Jesse Owens during the 100-meter race. Hitler contains a blank stare, obviously showing that he is puzzled by the feat he just observed by the Non- Aryan. Baker, William J. Jesse Owens: An American Life. New York: Free, 1986. Print. This source is important because it gives an in depth look at the Games. Even though this isnt a primary source, the details provided seem like it could be. The excitement that is brought up from the games of 110,000 spectators, who cheered for Owens ecstatically brings out so much emotion from the actual Games.

Images http://runrun.es/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Jesse-Owens-stock2506.jpg Jesse Owens Running http://philosopedia.org/images/4/48/JOwens6.jpg Owens on the Long Jump Podium http://www.ccsabathia52.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Jesse-Owens-1.jpg Jesse Owens http://cdn1.iloveindia.com/lounge/images/facts-about-adolf-hitler.jpg Adolf Hitler http://www.kcet.org/shows/jesse_owens_enduring_spirit/image/assets/JesseOwens430.jpg Jesse Owens at Ohio State http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/images/People/hitler2.gif Baby Adolf Hitler http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/images/People/hitler3.gif Adolf as a Soldier http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/images/hitler1.jpg

Adolf Hitler http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/images/People/hitler4.gif Hitler and President von Hindenberg (1933) http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/02289/Berlin-olympic-ope_2289190b.jpg Opening Ceremony of 1936 Olympics http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/assets/images/500x/poster-guilty-war.jpg Anti- Jewish Sign http://isurvived.org/Pictures_iSurvived-5/JewsNotWanted1935Germany.GIF Jews Unwanted Here http://www.biographyonline.net/military/images/adolf-hitler.jpg Adolf Hitler http://englishlit1.wikispaces.com/file/view/jesse-owens11.jpg/223180040/jesse-owens11.jpg Owens at OSU http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/freedomriders/assets/images/issues/header/jimcrow-laws.jpg Colored Waiting Room Segregation Sign http://lmk11.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/jimcrow.jpg Laundry Service Segregation Sign http://phillysportshistory.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Jesse-Owens-at-Penn-Relays400x300.jpg Owens finishing an NCAA Race http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_-pTk73xe3SY/S7RyUfAlAzI/AAAAAAAACbE/YWM1dEMKa0/s1600/1000.14845.23432.segregatedfountain.jpg Segregated Water Fountains http://www.sportsjournalists.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/German-torch.jpg Opening Ceremony http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3487/3856083120_4342881fdd.jpg Owens Childhood House http://www.gq.com/style/blogs/the-gq-eye/JesseOwensMS-600.jpeg A Nonchalant Jesse Owens http://historymartinez.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/jesse-owens-olympics.jpg Owens out of the Start Gate in the 100 Meter Final

http://www.swide.com/binaries/content/gallery/legacy/2012/4/11/iconic-olympic-moments-jesseowens-at-the-berlin-olympics-1936/jesse-owens_inside/jesse-owens-olympics-1936swide-7.jpg A Tired Smiling Jesse Owens http://srewiki.pbworks.com/f/1275404281/3143030.jpg Owens leaping in the Long Jump http://miamitimesonline.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Jesse-Owens.jpg Owens Sprinting for the Long Lump http://traybay7.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/jesse-owens-ap.jpg Owens receiving the Baton during the 4x100 Relay http://media.npr.org/assets/img/2011/07/26/owens_podium_vert-s6-c10.jpg?t=1312441058 Owens stands on the 100 Meter Podium http://library.osu.edu/projects/jesse-owens/images/owens_high_school_team.jpg Owens with OSU Track Team