Vol 7, The Book of Commentaries (Bhashyagranthamala), by Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni

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COLLECTED WORKS OF
VASISHTHA KAVYAKANTHA GANAPATI MUNI
VOLUME SEVEN
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ELE
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BHEH
EHYAGRANTHAME
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Editor
K. Natesan
Associate Editor
Dr. Sampadananda Mishra
Published by
V. S. Ramanan
President, Board of Trustees
Sri Ramanasramam
Thiruvannamalai
Tamil Nadu - 606603
Researched and Edited by
Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni Project
Guru Nayana and Maharshi: The Call and the Grace Trust
1, 8th cross, Tagore Nagar
Pondicherry - 605008
Copyright
Sri Ramanasramam
Thiruvannamalai
Tamil Nadu - 606603
First Edition 2007
Price: Rs. 300.00
Printed in India by
All India Press
Kennedy Nagar
Pondicherry - 605001
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THE BOOK
OF
COMMENTARIES
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CONTENTS
Publishers Note
Editorial
ii-vii
Acknowledgments
viii-x
Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni
xi-xxi
Introduction to the Contents of Volume Seven
xxii-xxvi
7.1.
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7.2.
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7.3.
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5&23
7.4.
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24&36
7.5.
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37&43
7.6.
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44&54
7.7.
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55&60
7.8.
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1
2&4
7.8.1
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61&67
7.8.2
68&75
7.8.3
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76&93
7.8.4
94&96
7.8.5
97&98
7.8.6
99&102
7.8.7
103&106
7.8.8
107&111
7.8.9
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112&118
7.8.10 vfXulwDrHkk;e~
119&123
7.8.11 x`RlenL; ^x.kkuka Ros* R;kfnlwDrHkk;e~
124&142
7.8.12 izdh.kZde~
143&155
7.9.
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156&161
7.10.
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162&176
7.11.
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177&182
7.12.
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183&196
7.13.
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197&204
7.14.
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205&217
7.15.
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218&234
7.16.
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235&240
7.17.
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241&263
7.18.
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264&278
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279&291
7.20.
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292&294
PUBLISHERS NOTE
This volume contains all the writings of the Muni which are in
the form of commentaries, annotations and explanations. Although
many of the texts appearing in this volume are incomplete they
bear the the testimony of Munis extraordinary ability of writing
elegant commentaries.
The first seven topics deal with various aspects of the
Vedas in general and the eighth one contains Munis commentaries on some specific hymns of the Rigveda. From these incomplete notes one can learn about Munis deep knowledge of the
Vedas.
Apart from the above topics other titles appearing in this volume are: viQvamnmDWsD, indranDmanirvacanam, aindrasahasranDmabhDIyam, jaminnyasutrabhDIyam, upadeQasDrabhDIyam, iQopaniIadbhDIyam, gurumantrabhDIyam, agneU
catasro vibutayaU, daivarDtadarQanam, mDtrtattvaprakDQika,
QDrnrakamnmDWsDFippaKn, vaidikaQabdDnDm arthDU.
All these are unique in their presentation, style and auntheticity.
We pray that Shri K. Natesan, who has dedicated himself for
the compilation and editing of all the works of the Muni, has
Sri Bhagavans Grace and Blessings and will continue to be the
inspiring force towards the publication of all the volumes.
We hope and believe that this volume of The Collected
Works of Ganapati Muni, like the earlier six volumes, will
also be equally useful and inspiring for the spiritual aspirants.
Sri Ramanasramam
Thiruvannamalai
25. 12. 2006
Sri V.S. Ramanan
EDITORIAL
oUns Jhje.kksZjkpk;ZL; inkCte~ A

;ks esnkZ;nhka HkkUra /okUrerhR; AA*
vande QrnramaKarIerDcDryasya padDbjam
yo medarQayadnQaW bhDntaW dhvDntamatntya.
I bow down at the Lotus-Feet of Sage Sri Ramana, the great
Teacher, who has shown me the Self-effulgent Supreme Lord
beyond nescience.
vkskjonua oU|a dohukekfnea dfoe~ A
oUns x.kir nsoa ujosk/kja xq#e~ AA
oOkDravadanaW vandyaW kavnnDmDdimaW kavim
vande gaKapatiW devaW naraveIadharaW gurum.
I bow to the adorable God Ganapati, Pranava-faced, the original Poet of poets, the Guru in human disguise.
osnScksZ/kors fxjka foyflrS% lEeksneqkors
/khjSHkkZjrlwfjfHkcZyors iwoSZ% izfrkors A
eU=kS% fe=kors egkpj.kS% vkpk;Zy{ehors
dkO;S% d.Bors f/k;k /kuors dLeSfpnLeS ue% AA
vedairbodhavate girDW vilasitaiU sammodamudrDvate
dhnrairbhDratasuribhirbalavate purvaiU pratiIFhDvate
mantraiU mitravate maharIicaranaiU DcDryalakshmnvate
kDvyaiU kaKFhavate dhiyD dhanavate kasmaicidasmai namaU.
*The first verse here is by Ganapati Muni and the remaining three are by
Sri Kapali Sastriar.
ii
His wisdom is founded on the Vedas. With scintillating speech

he is poised in Bliss. His strength has its foundation on the
steadfast seers of this sacred land of Bharata. He stands firm
by the realisations of the ancients. The mantras are his close
companions. It is his good fortune to have the Maharshi as
his guru. His voice reverberates with poetry. His intellect is
his wealth. Salutations to him, the Ineffable.
nsgsu nwjksfi nk u nwj% izh.kkfr ;ks u% Lej.ksu fl)% A
dFka uq fp=ka rfnna p ;Lekr~ fojktls Roa n;kluLFk% AA
dehena duropi hrdD na duraU prnKDti yo naU smaraKena siddhaU
kathaW nu citraW tadidaW ca yasmDt virDjase tvaW hrdayDsanasthaU.
Though physically not near to us, thou art close to our hearts.
Thy presence is intense by the mere remembrance that makes
us happy. No wonder for thou reignest shining in our hearts.
Bowing down to all my gurus, I am indeed very happy
that I have been chosen as an instrument to carry out the most
heart-fulfilling work of editing the Sanskrit writings of my beloved
guru, Vasishtha Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni, most affectionately known as Nayana (as called by Bhagavan Sri Ramana
Maharshi). I am very certain and also feel strongly that it is only
the Divine grace and power of the Maharshi and Nayana that
have guided me to undertake this work, whatever the outer circumstances might appear to be. Besides, I am also clear that it is
the Divine Grace which has prepared me over many long years
for this work. Therefore, with utmost humility, I would like to
write these few lines as an editorial for the Collected Works of
the Muni.
Vasishtha Ganapati Muni was a colossal figure of wisdom and tapas, and there is no doubt that he was the most prolific author of spiritual writings in Sanskrit in the 20th century. His
iii
writings reflected the depth and vastness echoing Vedic spirituality, encompassing varied topics, like verses of adoration to different deities (in various metres), verses depicting the principles of
existence, aphorisms on a vast array of subjects, prose writings
such as commentaries, on Dyurveda, on astrology and even in the
form of novel. However, most of his writings have not yet been
published. The Muni, a genuine spiritual seeker who attained to
great heights and depths of spiritual realisation and wrote extensively on various topics, was never concerned in the matter of the
preservation and publication of his writings. Those close to the
Muni knew that he would simply hand over many of his writings
to his disciples and would not ask for the same again, and in the
process many were slost. Nevertheless, the writings of the Muni
were an outpouring of his tapas, the souls seeking for the Eternal. Therefore, these are not only of great spiritual value but also
immensely important from a socio-cultural viewpoint, and need to
be preserved for ages to come.
I came to the lotus-feet of Sri Ramana Maharshi in the
year 1922 through my first Sanskrit teacher, Sri Vasudeva Sastry.
I met Ganapati Muni for the first time in 1926. Munis son, Sri
Mahadeva Sastry, was my Sanskrit teacher in the Municipal High
School where I studied. The Muni used to come to the school
and speak to us at length on various topics (under the auspices of
the Sanskrit Association). It was at this time that the Muni initiated me into certain mantras. Out of my simplicity, once I asked
him as to how to master the Sanskrit language. His reply was
immediate, direct and simple. He advised me to read and write all
his works again and again, leaving the rest to the Grace. His
advice became a mantra, which has primarily governed the rest
of my life till date. I started collecting all his works and have been
reading and writing them again and again. Although these efforts
eventually took me over completely, I feel it was really the grace
iv
of Bhagavan Ramana which worked within me. Soon I began this

noble work. Bhagavan noticed it with a watchful eye. He would
sometimes ask me if I had a specific writing. He would often ask
for my notes, see them and even make copies in different languages. I consider myself blessed, as there were occasions when
Bhagavan Ramana himself would write some of the verses of the
Muni (which I did not have in my collections) in my note-book in
his own hand-writing. (The facsimile of a few of these are published at the end of the editorial for the delight of the readers.)
Most of my collections of the Munis writings have come
from the late Sri D.S. Viswamitra of Sirsi in North Karnataka,
who had collected these from Sri Mahadeva Sastry, son of the
Muni. I had made several trips to Sirsi, enjoyed the most gratifying hospitality of this family for months, when I used to sit and
copy the works. I was also happy that I could provide some of
the originals and other works of the Muni which Sri Viswamitra
did not possess. I have also collected many other writings of the
Muni from some of his disciples like T.K. Sundaresa Iyer,
Viswanatha Swamy, Raju Sastry, Vasudeva Sastry, Appu Sastry
and Pasupathy Sastry. As mentioned earlier, some of the writings
I received from the gracious hands of my beloved guru Sri Ramana
Maharshi himself.
In my effort towards editing these writings of the Muni, I
have taken a simple approach. I have classified these into different volumes such as adoration, aphorisms, commentaries, etc. The
arrangement of these writings in a particular order, appearing in a
specific volume, follows either the nature of the work or its academic importance. The arrangement does not reflect chronology
as the dates of many writings are not available.
One could write volumes on the Munis style and diction.
My aim here is not to attempt anything on this point. The Muni,
being an aIFDvadhDnn, could write simultaneously on many topics
v
during a given period of time. Depending upon his inspiration,

before completing one work, he would start another. He would
sometimes revise and rewrite the same topic several times. For
the sake of the totality of presentation, I have included several of
these incomplete and revised versions, since I did not want to
choose one from the other. But in the case of the Munis magnum opus, umDsahasram, which was revised seven times, only
the final version has been given in the first volume of this Collected Works.
I understand the need for an English translation of all that
is compiled here, which most readers look forward to. But for the
time being, I have decided to compile the Collected Works of the
Muni concentrating on the original Sanskrit texts. (The origianl
Sanskrit texts of the first four volumes are compiled and printed
both in Devanagari and Roman scripts.) However, I feel that the
translation of the work will take its own time, as it is well understood that the translation of any spiritual writing is not an easy
task.
Dr. Sampadananda Mishra of Sri Aurobindo Society,
Pondicherry, a promising Sanskrit scholar in his own right, has
helped me in editing and organising these Collected Works. It is
my great pleasure to say that Dr. Mishra has been devoting a
considrable amount of time with great responsibility of editing the
Collected Works of the Muni. He has not only prepared the Shloka
Indices for the first, second, third and fourth volumes but also has
taken the responsibility of checking the correctness of the Sanskrit texts for all the volumes and preparing the Roman transliteration for the first four volumes. I have immense pleasure in having
Dr. Sampadananda Mishra as the Associate Editor of the Collected Works of the Muni.
This volume has all the writings of the Muni which are
penned in the form of comentaries, annotations and explanations.
vi
The Muni had planned to write extensive commentaries on several topics, especially on all the Veda Mantras, but the work was
left incomplete. But all writings appearing in this volume are unique
in their presentation. Although many of the texts here are incomplete they provide sufficient information about the concerned topics as well as Munis rich of knowledge of those. The language of
all these commentaries is simple yet, powerful in establishing the
authenticity of the import.
The Munis commentaries on Rigvedic mantras are revealing and illumining. The Muni has given his own original spiritual interpretation of the Mantras, and he was highly critical of the
Sayanas ritualistic interpretation of Rigvedic Mantras. His commentary on the nQopaniIad is original and is in the light of the
teachings of Sri Ramana Maharshi. UpadeQa-sDrabhDIyam of
the Muni, a commentary on thirty verses originally written by
Bhagavan Ramana Maharshi under the title upadeQasDram, is very
popular among the devotees of Bhagavan.
The Introduction to the Contents of Volume Seven
has short notes on each title appearing in this volume.
I sincerely pray for the grace of Bhagavan Sri Ramana
Maharshi and Ganapati Muni, so that the work is completed with
perfection and in time. It is with a great sense of humility and love
that I dedicate this editorial work to Sri Ramana Maharshi and
Ganapati Muni, my gurus, and to Sri M. P. Pandit of Sri Aurobindo
Ashram, Pondicherry, who always appreciated my efforts in preserving the gurus writings.
Sri Ramanasramam
Thiruvannamalai
25.12.2006
K. Natesan
vii
A CKNOWLEDGMENTS
The sacred work of editing and publishing the Collected

Works of Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni would not have been possible without the Grace of Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi and
Nayana. I have also felt the Grace and blessings of Sri Aurobindo
and The Mother in taking up this work. Inwardly, I have been
constantly guided by the Grace of these great spiritual personalities. I have also received concrete help from Sri Kapali Sastriar
and Sri M.P. Pandit. My heart melts with gratitude to these great
souls, who have been my constant guiding spirit.
Divine help works through human instruments. Many noble
people, friends and others have been a source of constant encouragement and I have drunk the spirit of courage and enthusiasm offered by them. Among these include Sri V. S. Ramanan,
President, Board of Trustees, Sri Ramanasramam,
Thiruvannamalai; Sri Vamadeva Shastri (David Frawley), Director, American Institute of Vedic Studies, U.S.A.; Dennis Hartel,
Sri Arunachala Ashram, U.S.A.; Sri S. Shankara Narayanan, a
well-known disciple of Sri Kapali Sastriar; Sri Alan Jacobs and
his wife, Jane Adams of Sri Ramana Foundation, London; Sri
J.G.K. Murthy, Chennai; Sri A. R. Natarajan, Sri Ramana
Maharshi Center for Learning, Bangalore; Sri J. Jayaraman, Sri
Ramanasramam and the late Sri G.L. Kantham, Guntur.
This work would not have been possible but for the
caring and loving touch of Sri D.S. Viswamitra and his wife, Srimati
Kamakshi, daughter, Srimati Indrani, and sons, Sri Divaspati and
Sri Brahmanaspati of Sirsi (North Karnataka). I can only say that
it has been possible to bring out the Collected Works of the Muni
only because of this family, who, as trustees have preserved these
for posterity. I am grateful to the entire family for their loving support.
viii
All the photographs of Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi

and Ganapati Muni are, copyright of Sri Ramanasramam,
Thiruvannamalai. I am grateful to Sri V. S. Ramanan, President,
Board of Trustees, for allowing me to print the photographs in this
Collected Works. Sri A. R. Natarajan, Bangalore, and Dennis
Hartel, U.S.A. have also helped me in getting some photographs.
I thank them for their support. Madam Jane Adams is the artist
who has drawn the beautiful pencil sketches of the Muni. I am
thankful to her and Alan Jacobs of Sri Ramana Foundation, London, for permitting me to publish these in the Collected Works.
The publication of the book from handwritten manuscripts
through the use of computer was a new experience for me. Typing,
proof readings, page formatting, planning the entire layout were possible due to the sincere efforts of Dr. Sampadananda Mishra and
his wife, Prashanti. I cannot imagine publishing the Collected
Works without their help. I sincerely feel that they were specially
chosen and brought into contact with me by the unseen hands of
Grace for the completion of this work. Dr. Sampadananda Mishra
is a budding Sanskrit scholar in his own right and he has helped me
immensely in organising and editing the Collected Works. I am,
indeed, very happy to have him as the Associate Editor of the Collected Works of the Muni. I am very grateful to him and his wife for
all their help and support. I bless and wish them all the very best.
I am greatful to all the well-wishers who have contributed
immensly to the Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni Project,
Pondicherry. I am indebted to Srimati Chitra, Sri Mukunda
Padmanabhan and Sri Guruprasad, Srimati Kamalalakshmi,
Vasudha and Sri P.N. Viswanathan for their support and encouragement. Sri Vamadeva Sastri (Dr. David Frawley), Director, American Institute of Vedic Studies, U.S.A. has always been a continuous
source of inspiration without whose help the publication of the Collected Works could not have been possible. I have no words to
thank him other than expressing my sincere feelings of gratitude.
ix
I must express my deep gratitude to the Trustees of Sri

Gitagovinda Pratisthanam, Pondicherry, for their constant support
to us in the undertaking of this project.
Sri Saphal of the All India Press, Pondicherry, has taken
special interest in printing this Volume. I feel indebted to him for
bringing out the book in a beautiful way in a short time.
Finally nothing would have been possible without the help
of my family members. My wife, Smt. Gnanambal, who is not
with me physically at this stage, has done a lot of personal sacrifice. She helped me to carry on with the Munis work by taking
the family load on herself. She was an ardent devotee of Bhagavan
and Nayana. I can feel her happiness and satisfaction and continual
encouragement from a different plane even now. My children and
their families have supported me constantly during this work.
I bow down again to the Grace which made me its instrument in carrying out this work.
Sri Ramanasramam
Thiruvannamalai
25. 12. 2006
K. Natesan
KAVYAKANTHA G ANAPATI M UNI

AN INTRODUCTION TO HIS LIFE AND WORKS
Vasishtha Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni (1878-1936) belongs to the rare race of intellectual and spiritual giants who
crowded into the narrow corridors of the last quarter of 19th and
first four decades of the 20th century to endow life, letters and all
endevours with meaning, purpose and altitude. He was a valiant
soldier in the cause of Truth and Divinity. For communing with the
Divine, certainly he was well-endowed, gifted as he was with marvellous powers of mind, intellect and soul. Even highly learned
people of our time wonder at his indubitable versatile genius, keenness of perception and understanding of our modern problems,
though he had never been to school all his life. His powers of
intellect and intuition had solved and untied many mystic knots.
His wide scholarship and studies in religious lore harmonized in
him all religions and schools of philosophy. He was a master of
metaphysics and his gift transported him into regions whence he
could see the entire manifestation. In fact, he belonged to the order of the Rig Vedic seers who were gods among men.
The Munis life story is sweet and all-absorbing and has
been beautifully rendered in the famous biography VDsiIFha
Vaibhavam by his foremost disciple, Sri Kapali Sastriar. Ganapati
Muni was born in Kalavarayi near Bobbili in Andhra Pradesh on
17th November1878. He belonged to a family of Sri Vidya initiates (in vDsiIFha gotram), which had actually migrated from a
village near Kumbakonam in Tamil Nadu in the late 16th or early
17 th century (later the family was well-known as the
Ayyalasomayajulu family). His parents, Narasimha Sastry and
Narasamamba, had three sons, Ganapati being the middle one.
xi
Nearly a year before his birth, on the holy day of rathasaptamn,

his mother had been to the famous surya (Sun) temple at Arasavalli
(near Srikakulam in Andhra Pradesh) to offer her prayers and
worship. She stayed overnight in the temple after the traditional
worship to the Lord. In the next early morning she had a dream in
which a beautiful woman with golden divine radiance emerged
from the corridors of the temple, approached her with a shining
pot of fire and giving it in her hands vanished. To her utter astonishment, the moment the fire pitcher came into contact with her, it
entered her womb and assumed the form of a child. Soon after
her return to home from Arasavalli, she showed signs of pregnancy. She believed that her child was a divine gift of God agni
(fire). While she was waiting to deliver the child, her husband,
Narasimha Sastry, had gone to the holy city of Kashi (Benares in
Uttar Pradesh) in November 1878, where he also had a unique
experience. When he was performing tapas in the ohuKoigaKapati temple (near Visweswara Ghat) he had the vision of a
little child emanating from the Deity and coming near him. After
these wonderful experiences by both parents, Ganapati was born
in the parental home of his mother on 17th November 1878. The
father appropriately named his second son Ganapati, rooted in his
conviction that the child was an emanation of God Ganapati himself. It may be noted that the Vedic deity agni (Fire) is none other
than gaKapati described in the purDKas and worshipped in the
tantras. Ganapati himself was conscious of his divinity. He has
expressed this in his most famous poem UmDsahasram and has
said that he was born as an amsa (portion) of God Ganapati. He
has also expressed his conviction about the identity between him
and God Ganapati, the guiding spirit of his corporeal existence, in
his work HerambopasthDnam (Glory of Ganapati).
Ganapati was educated entirely at home. His father,
Narasimha Sastry, like his ancestors, was an expert and wellxii
versed in mantra QDstra, astrology and Dyurveda. With this traditional family background, proficiency in these subjects came
naturally to Ganapati. When he was only 10 years old, he was
able to prepare the pacDOgam (almanac). He finished studying
the classical Sanskrit poems and then devoted himself to the study
of grammar and poetics. At the same time he delved deep into the
writings of Vyasa and Valmiki. Again and again he read the
Mahabharata. His horizon widened and his intellect mellowed with
an ever-deepening perception. Like the ancient Rishis, Ganapati
wanted to experience immense strength and power by the practice of tapasyD through mantra japa and meditation. Although
married at an early age to Srimati Vishalakshi, he started visiting
one sacred place after another for his tapas when he was 18
years old. He used to stay in one place for a few days or even
months. In one such visit to Bhubaneswar (in Orissa, where the
famous Lingaraj temple of Lord Siva is located), during his
tapas, Ganapati had a vision, in which Goddess lalitDmbikD
(bhubaneQvarn) appeared before him, offering divine nectar. As
Ganapati tasted this heavenly nectar, the Goddess watched him
with a sweet smile, full of grace. From then onwards, the sweetness of the nectar became an integral part of him. After this incident, Ganapatis intellect developed a rare sharpness and he attained complete mastery over poetry. Indeed, the literary work
composed after this incident is endowed with a distinct sweetness
and grace.
When Ganapati was staying in Kashi, he came to know
that an assembly of scholars (harisabhD) would be held in the
famous city of Nabadwipa in Bengal. On the advice of his friends
he got a letter of introduction and went to Nabadwipa. There he
excelled in all the difficult tests that he was put to with an effortless
ease that stunned his examiners, who unanimously conferred the
title kDvyakaKFha (one who has poetry in his throat voice of
xiii
poetry) on him forthwith. He was only 22 years old then (details

are in Volume 11).
Ganapati repaired to the south of the country in his 25th
year. From Kanchipuram he came to Arunachala (Thiruvannamalai)
in 1903 to perform tapas. He visited twice Sri Brahmana Swamy
(who was later named as Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi by
Kavyakantha himself) before he accepted a teachers job at Vellore
in 1904. Later in 1907, he resigned his job at Vellore and returned
to Arunachala. It was at this stage that he sought and gained the
grace of Sri Brahmana Swamy (Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi).
An intellectual and spiritual giant who had high achievements to
his credit and a host of followers as well, Kavyakantha still felt
that his lifes purpose was not fulfilled. He remembered Brahmana
Swamy whom he had met earlier and approached him for his grace
and gain inner realization, peace and true import of tapas that he
still lacked. On 18.11.1907 Kavyakantha approached Brahmana
Swamy, who was staying in the Virupaksha cave, and prostrating
himself at his feet said in a trembling voice: All that has to be
read I have read, even Vedanta Sastra I have fully understood. I have performed japa and puja to my hearts content. Yet I have not up to this time understood what tapas
is. Hence have I sought refuge at thy feet, pray enlighten
me about the nature of tapas. For quite sometime Brahmana
Swamy gazed silently at Kavyakantha. He broke his 11 years of
long silence and spoke gently, If one watches where his notion of I springs, the mind will be absorbed into that.
That is tapas. If a mantra is repeated and attention is directed to the source where the mantra sound is produced,
the mind will be absorbed in that. That is tapas. The scholarpoet was filled with joy to have found his guru, and announced
that the upadeQa (teaching) was original, and that Brahmana
Swamy was indeed a maharshi and should be called so thereafxiv
ter. He gave the full name Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi to

Brahmana Swamy, whose original name was Venkataraman. Thus,
the meeting was of profound significance not only for Kavyakantha
but also for the world at large, which could learn from such a high
authority about the real stature of Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi,
the Silent Sage of Arunachala. Following this momentous meeting, Ganapati composed his great devotional poem,
UmDsahasram, a thousand verses in praise of UmD, the Divine
Mother, as a part of his tapas in gratitude to the great Goddess
for having given him the Maharshi as his Guru (Master). This work
is the magnum opus of Sri Vasishtha Ganapati Muni.
The Muni had the unique experience of kapDlabheda. In
the summer of 1922 at the Mango cave of the Arunachala hills,
the Muni had several yogic experiences, arising from deeper parts
of his being and invading his physical consciousness (resulting in
great physical pain). During this, he visited his Master and told
him of his inner and physical experience. His most compassionate
Master, Sri Maharshi, comforted him by placing his lotus hands
on his head. On the very night, he had the experience of the culmination of kuKoalinn sDdhanD, resulting in the most unique experience of kapDlabheda. His cranium was broken into two parts; a
distinct sound caused by the breaking arose from the passage,
which joins the two holes of the ears. A line of smoke going out of
the head was perceived there. The Muni later spoke to his disciples about this yogic experience and that this has been mentioned in the sixth chapter of the taittnriyopaniIad, quoting
vyapohya QirIakapDle bhurityagnau prati tiIFhati (having separated the two parts of the cranium, he stands established in Fire as
BhuU, the earth element) and mentioned several great effects of
the power of yoga experienced at this time with their secrets. It is
usually believed that the physical effects of this great experience
are such that the body cannot sustain long following this event.
xv
However, in his case, with the strength of his own tapasyD and
the Grace of his most compassionate Master, he lived for fourteen
long years (although he had to observe certain physical restrictions, such as that he could not shave his head nor could put his
bare feet on the ground) after this experience. This event speaks
volumes on the extraordinary nature of his tapasyD and the fact
that he was perhaps the greatest Master of tantra born on this
earth. In fact, the final revision of his magnum opus UmDsahasram after this experience, remains, testimony not only to his
supreme mastery over the tantras but also his ability to find the
reconciliation and concordance between the Vedic, Upanishadic
and the Tantric schools of thoughts. The kapDlabheda experience also reconfirms the conviction that he was the direct aWQa
(portion) of the Vedic deity agni (who resides as the power of
kuKoalinn in the mulDdhDra of human beings).
The poet seer Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni met
Sri Aurobindo on 15th August 1928. He stayed at the Sri Aurobindo
Ashram for about a fortnight. During this stay at the Ashram, the
Muni meditated with The Mother a few times. After one such
meditation, The Mother expressed that the Muni was a real yogi
who could plunge into great depths the moment he started meditation and that she had not so far found any person abiding in Her
spiritual consciousness as Ganapati Muni did. Further, at the instance of Sri Kapali and Sri S. Doriswamy Iyer, the Muni translated some portions of Sri Aurobindos The Mother
(mDtrtattvaprakDQikD) in chaste Sanskrit verses with some notes.
On reading the Munis translation, Sri Aurobindo seems to have
very generously observed, It far excels the original. It is also
worth mentioning that the Muni presented to Sri Aurobindo the
last and final version of his UmDsaharam (written in his own handwriting after his experience of kapDlabeheda) with specific notes
on each chapter before his meeting in 1928.
xvi
It is more than six decades since the great Kavyakantha

Ganapati Muni passed away in 1936. He was a great tapasvn,
whose one aim in life was the restoration of BhDrata MDtD (Mother
India) to her ancient greatness. Unlike others who aim at liberation for themselves, this great soul believed that he must obtain the
grace of God not for himself but for the nation and through it for
the betterment of the world. Towards that consummation he had
done penance since his early years and this, too, very rigorously
during the last years of his life.
The Vedic seers were by no means recluses from the affairs of the world. In fact, these Vedic seers made themselves the
superior vehicle through which the divine forces of heaven played
for the welfare of humanity. To become one such perfect instrument in the hands of the Maha Shakti was the goal towards which
Ganapati worked and dedicated his entire life. Although the Muni
was a giant personality, he was very humble in his day-to-day life.
This can be proved by two incidents in his divine life. The Muni
and his beloved disciple, Daivarata, did tapas in Padaivedu near
Vellore in the year 1917. As a result of the tapas, certain Mantras
were revealed to his disciple Daivarata. Ganapati Muni, the guru,
recorded the Mantras as they came down from the lips of Daivarata,
his disciple. He even wrote a commentary on the Mantras, as
Sankara did for his disciple, Hastamalaka. There is yet another
incident to which I would like to draw the attention of the readers.
The Muni was verily a fountain of love and affection for his pupils
and followers far and near. This did not deter the guru and QiIya
from having a difference of opinion at times. The Muni blessed Sri
Kapali Sastriar and permitted him to follow Sri Aurobindo.
A scholar poet, Sri Vasishta Ganapati Muni has many spiritual and other writings in Sanskrit to his credit. UmDsahasram,
gntamDlD, ramaKagntD, ramaKacatvDriWQat and saddarQanam
are a few titles well-known among his disciples and others. But
xvii
very little is known about his other numerous Sanskrit writings,

covering a wide variety of topics: praises and prayers to various
deities (stotras), poetic compositions (kDvyas), philosophy
(darQana), logic (nyDyaQDstra), medical science (Dyurveda),
astrology and astronomy (jyotiIaQDstra), commentaries (bhDIya),
novel (DkhyDyikD), letters (patrDKi) and other research works.
His versatility can also be judged from his writings sDmrajyanibandhanam (a proposed constitution for India) and
lDlibhDIopadeQa (a new language for the Indian people). He was
spontaneous in composing all these either in verse form (Qlokas)
or in the form of aphorisms (sutras) or prose form (gadya). Nevertheless, all these were the result of his tapas, an outpouring of
his soul in seeking or gratitude to the Divine.
Of his stotrakDvyas, umDsahasram, indrDKisaptaQati,
pracKoacaKoitriQatn and gntamDlD are meant for those longing
for a great spiritual realisation. The indrasahashranDma is a composition of thousand names of indra culled from the Rigveda,
which are strung into a garland of one hundred and eight verses.
The ramaKacatvDriWQat (40 verses in praise of Bhagavan
Sri Ramana Maharshi) is chanted daily both at the Sri Ramana
Ashramam and in innumerable homes of the devotees of
Sri Ramana Maharshi. The Muni had an unique ability of rendering philosophical thoughts in the form of poetry (Qlokas), and his
writings viQvamnmDWsD, ramaKagntD, saddarQanam and
tattvaghaKFDQatakam remain in testimony to this. RamaKagntD
is in the form of recordings of questions put forth by disciples and
the answers given by the Maharshi and is one of the most cherished writings of the Muni. His saddarQanam is the Sanskrit rendering of Sri Maharshis Tamil writing, ulladu narpadu (Forty
Verses on Reality) on which his beloved and learned disciple,
Sri T.V. Kapali Sastriar, has written a faithful commentary in
Sanskrit. This reflects the spirit of Sri Maharshis original teachings.
xviii
Of his vast and variety of sutra writings, it would be difficult to single out any one as more meritorious than the others.
DaQamahDvidyDsutram (the ten cosmic powers of the Divine
Mother as described in the tantras) is an outstanding composition, in which the Muni has described the ten cosmic aspects of
the Divine Mother and their significance. Here he has also brought
out the association of these ten cosmic aspects of the Mother
described in the Tantra with the corresponding Vedic deities.
Thereby, not only he has been able to bring forth a link between
the Vedas, Upanishads and Tantras, but also has been successful
in dispelling several wrong conceptions on the significance of these
deities. These compositions reflect Munis great powers of Yogic
perception. The way in which he has expounded the different deities such as kDln, tDrD, sundarn, bhuvaneQvarn, pracaKoacaKon,
etc., and correlates them to the Vedantic concepts has once for all
removed all antagonisms and has bridged the so-called gulf between the Vedantic and Tantric schools of philosophy. RDjayogasDrasutra is a short and concise exposition of the Upanishadic
methods of the inner quest. Caturvyuhasutra is a revelation of
the cosmic divinities wherein he has expounded the four important
emanations of the Vedic deity Indra (DkDQa, kDla, vidyut and
surya). JaiminnyatarkavDrtikam is his own interpretation of the
sutras of Jaimini, where he has advocated that the Vedas are indeed pauruIeyam (of human origin). Further, in this he has given
his own interpretation of the mnmDWsD philosophy, placing it on a
higher pedestal in relation to Vedanta. His QabdapramDKacarcD
also discusses the origin of Vedas. PacajanacarcD and
vivDhadharmasutram are related to social aspects. In the former
one the practice of untouchability is condemned with the authority of QDstras. In the latter he deals with marriage as a sacrament. His other sutra writings also include cikitsDnuQDsanam
(Dyurveda) and gaKaka-kaKFhDbharaKam (astronomy) as well
xix
as sDmrDjya-nibhandhanam (a proposed constitution for India).

The prose writings of Vasishtha Ganapati Muni too are
extensive and these include: commentaries on several texts including
Vedas and Upanishads; study on the different characters of the
great epic poem MahDbhDrata; letters to Sri Ramana Maharshi,
The Mother of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram, and others.
His commentaries on Rigvedic mantras and the nQopaniIad,
though brief, are revealing and illumining. The Muni has given his
own original spiritual interpretation of the mantras, and he was
highly critical of the ritualistic interpretation of Rigvedic mantras
by Sayana. His commentary on the nQopaniIad is original and is in
the light of the teachings of Sri Ramana Maharshi. His bhDratacaritramnmDWsD is unique as it establishes a link between some
of the important characters of the mahDbhDrata and those mentioned in the Vedic texts. ramaKagntD, saddarQana and the commentary on the upadeQasDram (thirty verses written by Sri Ramana
Maharshi in Sanskrit), are most popular writings of the Muni
which reveal the greatness of the teachings of Sri Ramana
Maharshi.
His novel, purKD, in Sanskrit, though unfinished, is unique
in many ways. The style and diction that the Muni used here make
it an unparalleled novel of his time. It not only depicts the ability of
the Muni to write beautifully and spontaneously in Sanskrit prose,
but it also records his power of expressing the feelings of the heart
and not just the logic of the mind.
In the letters of the Muni to Sri Maharshi and The Mother
of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram, one can find the art of letter-writing
in Sanskrit. Through these letters he was able to express lucidly
his deepest aspirations, concepts and thoughts.
However, it is difficult to summarise the thoughts, perceptions and literary ability of the Muni. The Muni, indeed, was a
versatile genius and can be compared with Kalidasa and Shankara
xx
in poetic renderings, with Vyasa in sutra writings and with Patanjali,

Shabara and Shankara in writing commentaries. The writings of
the Muni are not just some products of literary activities but are
the records of his unique Yogic experiences and subtle visions and
will be a guiding spirit and lamp for the centuries to come.
Sri Ramanasramam
Thiruvannamalai
K. Natesan
xxi
INTRODUCTION TO THE
CONTENTS OF VOLUME SEVEN
This volume of the Collected Works of the Muni contains

all that has been indited by the Muni in the form of commentaries,
interpretations, annotations, expositions, explanatory or informative or critical notes. So it is titled as bhDIyagranthamDlD. It contains more than thirty different notes on several topics like Vedas,
Upanishads and many other philosophical texts. These notes were
prepared by the Muni in different periods of time and most of
these are incomplete. Here we provide short notes on each topic
appearing in this volume.
The volume begins with a series of writings on interpreting
the Veda. The first seven notes under the titles mulagrantha
praQaWsD, nutanabhDIykaraKDvasarakathanam, rgvedabhDIyam 1, 2 and 3, DdivedamnmDWsD and rigvedavimarQinn,
all of these contain Munis valuable views on Vedas and their
interpretation. From these incomplete notes it becomes clear that
the Muni had planned for writing a complete commentary on
Rigveda with word by word analysis (padabhDIya) and summery notes (upasaWhDrabhDIya). The Muni through his commentary tried to bring out the esoteric significance of the Veda
Mantras. He was very critical to Sayanacharyas commentary on
the Vedas. According to him Sayanacharya had purely a ritualistic
mentality. He took birth in such a period when Puranic conceptions of gods and goddesses were very much popular among the
people. So he tried to interpret the Veda by following the puranic
ideas and ritualism. Another critical remark made by the Muni is
pauruIeyatva of the Veda. The Muni did not believe in the
apauruIeyatva of the Vedas as propounded by the Mimamsakas.
xxii
He held the strong view that the Vedas Mantras were recorded
by the puruIas who by the power of their tapas, were prepared
inwardly to receive them. They possessed an inner hearing and
inner vision. Therefore, they were called Rishis, seers of Truth. In
this connection the Muni has given much stress on the expression
namo mantrakrdbhyaU and concludes that the Vedas are
paurusheya and not apaurusheya. A careful reading of the Munis
writings on this topic is very much necessary in order to understand the views of the Muni. Apart from writing on the Vedas in
general, the Muni also has commented upon many specific suktas
and Mantras of the Rigveda. These Mantras are mainly from the
first maKoala of the Rigveda, some from the second maKoala
and a few from the seventh. Several notes of the Muni contain his
commentaries on the first hymn of the Rigveda, dedicated to Agni.
All these notes are put here without any change or editing. Another note of the Muni contains a commentary on indragDyatrn of
the Rigveda 1.3.4. Hereafter explaining the meaning of the Mantra the Muni notes all the etymological details of the word indra
as given in the Nirukta of Yaskacharya. Then out of fifteen different etymologies mentioned in the Nirukta the Muni comments upon
five leaving the first seven and last three. From an incomplete note
containing commentaries on four Mantras of Rigveda dedicated
to Agni it appears that the Muni intended to write a commentary
on nine suktas of the twelfth anuvDka having ninety-one Mantras
all belonging to Rishi Parashara. The Muni also intended to comment upon the Mantras of Rigveda by arranging them according
to the order of the Gods. The available notes related to this contains only sixteen out of nineteen Mantras of Rishi Gritsamada
dedicated to brahmaKaspati. The commentary begins with a
detailed note on Rishi Gritsamada and then continues with individual Mantras. The next section contains fragmentary notes on
some selected Mantras of Rigveda. Here few Mantras of Rishi
xxiii
Gritsamada, Parashara, Vasishta, Medhatithi and Praskanva are

explained by the Muni. This section ends with three Mantras of
srnsukta.
ViQvamnmDWsD contains two incomplete drafts of the
same topic. Here the Muni intended to write extensively on the
eternity of words. He has given six reasons under abhivyaktivDda
of the eternity of words and proceeds with utpattivDda of the
eternity of words.
IndranDmanirvacana is the second section of devatDkDKoa. From the main title it appears that perhaps the Muni had
planned to write serially about many Vedic Godheads of which a
portion of the second section is available. Here in this section the
Muni has commented upon the name Indra. He takes into consideration all the fifteen etymologies given by Yaska in his Nirukta
and then continues explaining the greatness of Indra by quoting
extensively from various Vedic texts.
Through aindrasahasranDmabhDIyam the Muni wanted
to explain in detail all the thousand names of Indra appearing in his
indrasahasranDmastotram. All these thousand names are culled
from the Vedas and rearranged by the Muni in this stotra in order
to fit them into the eight syllabled anuIFup metre. In this bhDIya
the Muni has explained only eleven out of thousand names of
Indra. But this incomplete text of the Muni provides a clear guideline for pursuing further research on his indrasahasranDmastotram.
In jaiminnyasutrabhDIya the Muni has attempted to comment upon some sutras of Jaimini. This is an incomplete text having Munis comments only on twenty-seven sutras of Jaimini.
XQopaniIadbhDIyam of the Muni is a complete commentary on nQopaniIad of Qukla-yajurveda. This is an authentic commentary based on the teachings of Bhagavan Ramana Maharshi.
Here one finds a refreshingly original approach of interpreting the
xxiv
Upanishadic passages. In a very simple and elegant way the Muni,

through this bhDIya, has explained the intricate details of the secret teaching of nQopaniIad. An English translation of this bhDIya
of the Muni by Sri Shankaranarayanan is published in his book
Bhagavan and Nayana.
UpadeQasDrabhDIyam is a splendid commentary of the
Muni on thirty verses of Bhagavan Ramana Maharshi under the
title upadeQasDra. This composition of the Bhagavan reveals the
essence of His teachings. The verses here are written in a metre
called supratiIFhD. Here, Bhagavan discusses about karma or
action, karmaphala or the result of action, samarpaKa or surrender. The karma theory of the Mimamsakas has been very well
refuted by the Muni in his commentary. The book Bhagavan and
Nayana by Shankaranarayanan contains an English translation of
the original verses of Bhagavan and the commentary of the Muni
thereon.
The tenth verse of QrnramaKagntD enunciates in the style
of Tantra, the Mantra by which the Maharshi has to be invoked.
For the Muni this Mantra carried a very high significance. As many
disciples with a desire to have an elucidation of this Mantra approached Bhagavan, he directed them to the Muni who then wrote
a commentary on that and the result was gurumantrabhDIyam
which is an interesting text revealing the secret of the Mantra by
which the Maharshi has to be invoked. It also uncovers several
aspects of Kartikeya by extracting the relevant Mantras from some
Shlokas written by the Muni himself and explaining their meanings
in detail. There are three sections. In the first section the Muni
explains the Mantra om vacadbhuve namaU extracted from a
Shloka of QrnramaKagntD. In the second section a Tantric Mantra
has been explained. Here from a Tantric verse the Mantra
xxv
QaravaKabhava meaning One who is born from the forest of

Qara has been extracted for the invocation of Bhagavan. The third
section deals with a Vedic Mantra invoking the Bhagavan. In this
section the Muni also throws light on the history and purpose of
the birth of Kartikeya. An English translation of this text with explanatory notes by Sri Shankranarayanan was published in the
December 1999 issue of Mountain Path, a quarterly journal of
Sri Ramanasramam, Tiruvannamalai.
AgneU catasro vibhutayaU is an incomplete text dealing
with fourfold aspect of Agni pDrthivDgni, vaidyutDgni, yajnDgni
and jnvDgni. Here the Muni compares jnvDgni with Kartikeya
and vaidyutDgni with Ganapati.
In daivarDtadarQanam the Muni has recorded and commented upon several Mantras seen by Daivarata, one of the disciples of the Muni. Daivarata was devoted to Yoga from his early
boyhood days. He performed intense tapas in order to attain
sahajasamDdhi, a spontaneous and effortless trance. When
Daivarata was in a samDdhi state few words emerged from his
lips. The Muni observed him for two days and then found that
complete Mantras are coming out of the mouth of Daivarata. The
Muni suddenly realised that some Mantras were getting revealed
to Daivarata. Then the Muni started writing down all those Mantras which came out from Daivarata. It continued for sixteen days.
Some Mantras were not distinct enough, some came out in an
incomplete form or in quarter form, some were not clearly audible. All these were written down by the Muni under the title
daivarDta chandodarQanam. He then grouped these Mantras
which were clearly audible and taken down in full, under eight
suktas and wrote commentary on them. These Mantras are in
Rigvedic metres and have the same sound value and sense value
as that of the Vedic Mantras. Different godheads like Savita, Agni,
Sarasvati, Go, Indra are invoked through these Mantras.
xxvi
MDtrtattvaprakDQikD is a Sanskrit rendering of Sri

Aurobindos book The Mother. When Ganapati Muni met the
Mother in 1928 he had recited a few Shlokas from this rendering
in front of Her. The Mother liked it and showed a copy of it to
Sri Aurobindo. After going through the rendering Sri Aurobindo
said to the Mother that the Muni must complete the rendering. But
it was never completed by the Muni. This incomplete text has two
sections. The first section contains thirty-eight verses with explanatory notes on each verse. The second section has twenty-one verses
without explanatory notes and is incomplete. All this covers only a
few passages of the section VI of the book The Mother from
The four powers of the Mother are four of her outstanding personalities... to The Mother as the Mahashakti of this triple world
of ignorance stands...into the infinity of the Spirit.
In QDrnrakamnmDWsDFippaKn the Muni records his critical views on Sankaras commentary of brahmasutra.
In vaidikapadDnDm arthDU the Muni provides the meaning of some important words of the Veda. The list has only hundred and sixty words.
xxvii
ewyxzUFkizkalk
ewyxzUFkizkalk
O;kfp[;kflrk;e`Xosn% izkpke`kh.kka fnO;kka nkZulxzg% A u

osoyek;Zoke;s iziL;So oke;s izFkeks xzUFk% A je.kh;kuka
dkO;kuka funkZuxzUFk% A lokZlkeqifuknka ewyxzUFk%A LorU=k%
izek.kxzUFk% A ifo=k% ikjk;.kxzUFk% A fofp=kfofo/kkf;qeU=kiw.kksZ
jgL;xzUFk%A rfeea forkseq[ka egkUrek;kZ.kka ksof/kHkwra czdkska
lk;.k% osoyck;kxksi;qgkS=kdk.Mk O;k[;kroku~ A
nsorkfok;s rL; u dfnfLr fl)kUr% A l r=k izk;s.k
ikSjkf.kderkuq;k;h ;rs A rnfi LokReu ba era u Dokfi
LFkkif;rqa iz;srs A bUkfnnsorklq rL; fjYisfr cgqkq LFkyskq
O;e~ A
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
v;e` X os n % iz k phuS e Z g kfHkLrilk lEikfnrks cz fuf/kuZ

osoyek;kZ.kkeLekoa oke;s vfi rq iziL;So oke;s
ifj;ekus dkyrks xq . kr iz F keks xz U Fk%A je.kh;&
reRokUegkdkO;kuka funkZuxzUFk%A lR;nkZuRokRLorU=k%
iz e k.kxz U Fk% A ifo=kRoknq keikjk;.kxz U Fk%A fofo/kdkE;&
izneU=kiw.kZRokfk#iekuks tufgrxzUFk% A ewyxzUFk% lokZlke~
mifuknke~ A fkykys[krqY;ks xzUFk% izkphupfj=kfoKkuk; A rfeea
forkseq[ka egkUra osna deZlq gkS=kek=kL;ksi;qDra eUoku%
lk;.kkpk;Z% lfpr;k k O;k[;kroku~ A rL; O;k[;krq%
dkys iz k ;% if.Mrkuka los Z kka p fLrkkh A
bUkfnoSfndnsorkLrskka kS fuk% A rnkjk/ku:ia deZ p u
lk{kkUeks{kizne~ A rkks okrkoj.ks tkr% lk;.k% A l p
iqjk.kdkyknkjH;kuqL;wra ledkfydkuka erefry LorU=k;k
f/k;k osnkFk fopkjf;rqa ukihijr~ A vLrq rL; ersukikS#ks;%
iwtuh;rekss osn% A d iz;kstue~ \ rL; O;k[;krqZkS r=k Lrqrk
bUkn;ks fuksr~ rsu ukR;qRa deSoZ izfrik|rs psr~ erfok;s
rL; LFkkua iqjk.ksH;ksfi fua d u L;kr~ \ vUrrLrnso
Qfyreklhr~ A
okflx.kifrra _o~lafgrk;k% y?kqHkk;e~
Hkwfedk
eykpj.ke~
bUa foL; jktkua czk.ka czfHkuqZre~ A
vkRekua loZHkwrkuka oU|a oUnkegs o;e~ AA 1AA
xzUFkdkjizfrKk
vkfnosnL; eU=kk.kkeFk fokoxkfguke~ A
nkZf;;kfe y/kquk Hkk;s.k Liokfnuk AA 2AA
iwo djksfe eU=kk.kke{kjkFkZizdkkue~ A
dfj;kE;qilagkjs foekkZfUok;kuqxku~ AA 3AA
vFk xEHkhjk.kka nkkr;hukeFk y?kquk Hkk;s.k iznkZ;ke% A nkkr;
izkpka fnO;kke`kh.kka nkZulxzg% A u osoyek;Zoke;s
iziL;So oke;s izFkeks xzUFk% A funkZuxzUFkks je.kh;kuka
dkO;kuke~ A ewyxzUFk% lokZlkeqifuknke~ A izek.kxzUFk% lqrjka
LorU=k% A ikjk;.kxzUFk% ifo=k% A jgL;xzUFkks fofp=kfofo/kkf% A
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
bna p Hkk;eLekfHk}/kk foHkT;rs A inHkk;eqilagkjHkk;a psfr A

inHkk;s izfrinkFkZfooj.kek=ka f;rs A milagkjs f;sr loksZfi
fopkj% A
uUokpk;Zlk;.ksuoS _Xosnlafgrk;kkL;k% izfrinkFkZfooj.ka re~A
rL;S o Ro;kl fopkj mila g kj% f;rke~ A vya iq u %
izfrinkFkZfooj.kk;klusfr psr~ A lR;e~ A ;|kpk;Zlk;.kks eU=kk.kka
izfrinkFk ;Fkkof}o`roku~ A rg ukLekoa r=k iqu% iz;% kksHksrA
rL; Hkk;eU;kke~ A l vkReu% l f pr;kfKdk
l fprikSjkf.kdk p egrke`kh.kka nkZukfu oku~ A izFke;k
yksd;rLrL; cgwuka eU=kk.kkexqksI;k/;kfRedkFkksZ u xkspjksHkwrA~
xqL; dk dFkk A lokZ eU=klafgrk% deZdk.MkUrHkwZrk% A u r=k
yskrksfi KkuL;ksinskksLrhfr ;kfKdk% osfpUeU;Urs A
vkpk;ZLkk;.k% izk;s.k rskkeuq;k;h A f}rh;;k i;rLrL;
eU=ksolRizn;ZEkkuefi fok/;{kL;sUL; ikjE;a u fofnreHkwrA~
u pkU;klka dfo.kq#fHkkkuka nsorkuka ekgkHkkX;a KkreHkwr~ A
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izkpka fnO;kke`kh.kka nkZulxzg% A u osoyek;Zoke;s
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LorU=k% A ikjk;.kxzUFk% ifo=k% A jgL;xzUFkks fofp=kfofo/kkf% A
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
bna p Hkk;eLekfHk}/kk foHkT;rs A inHkk;eqilagkjHkk;a psfr A

inHkk;s izfrinkFkZfooj.kek=ka f;rs A milagkjs f;sr loksZfi
fopkj% A
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yskrksfi KkuL;ksinskksLrhfr ;kfKdk% osfpUeU;Urs A
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u pkU;klka dfo.kq#fHkkkuka nsorkuka ekgkHkkX;a KkreHkwr~ A
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bfr A uuq _Xosn% ikS#ks; ,o HkforqegZfr kkdydlek[;kfykfn
psr~ A
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la f grk:is . k dj.kk}k Hkorq A r=k ukLekdekxz g %A
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psRloksZI;/;srk loZL; eU=kL; _fk%izlT;sr A fofke/;kiue~
vuU;lk/kkj.ke/;;ua ok ;L; okD;feR;usu izrhra u HkofrA
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rLekk fl/;fr e/kqPNUn%izHk`rhuke`Xosndr`ZRofefr psr~ A
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dnksk% A
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izfl)e~A
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iznkrk izflf)Lrq nkZuk;k[;k bfr onfr A dFka lk Hkorka
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uL; ok ukfLr fg nkZulaKk A
uuq eU=kfok;s nkZuokneso LohoqeZ% A u izopuokne~ A
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
_fkfHkjfxehGs iqjksfgrfeR;kfndk _pks k bfr onke% A lr

,o eU=kkUi;Urks eU=kkj mP;sju~ A u eU=kk.kka drkZj% A ;%
lUreso lw; i;fr l ,o fg lw;ZL; ksP;rs A u lw;ZL; drkZ
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p{kqfjfU;kxkspjRokn~f}rh;L; ukodkk% A vk|s ;|fi i;Urh
okxoHkklsr A rFkkfi k eFk |ksr;Urh qjfrlw{ek HkkkSo lk
vfrlw{eHkkkk p incU/kkfRedk rkkO;Hkkkkok}r% frrks
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iqjLR;rhuka nkZuRoO;ogkj% L;kr~ A ;Fkk dk.kkna nkZua
ikrtya nkZufeR;kfn A vFkkZis{k;k `Roa incU/kkis{k;k
dr`ZRofefr ok u fojks/k% A
uuq eU=kkj bR;=k nkZua y{k.k;k Jo.ka onke% A lr ,o
eU=kL; ?k.VkuknkfnrqY;uknonUr%Jksrk ;ksxh eU=kksP;rs A u
uwrur;k drsZfr psr~ A
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eU=kkj bfr ina yk{kf.koa dYiuh;a L;kr~ A u RofLr rr~ A ;fn
Jo.kknso eU=kku`k;ks ysfHkjs rg eq[;kFkZlaokfnuh eU=kJksrkj bfr
izflf)% oqrks u L;kr~ A vfLr f}fo/kk izflf)% eU=kr bR;sdk A
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eq[;kFkZlaokfnRok; inkUrjeizfl)eUosk.kh;e~ A
_XosnHkk;e~ 1
uuq ekLrq eU=kJksrkj bfr izflf)%A vfLr osnkuka Jqr;

bR;fHk/kkue~ A rsu _kh.kka Jo.kkfu eU=k bfr lqyHka kD;rs
oDrqfefr psr~ A
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/keZL; HkwrL; oLrquks ok izfer;s lk/kuHkwrL;kFkZL; >fVfr leiZdks
;% kCnLrL; Jo.ka Jqfrfjfr kkifjHkkkk A v=k Jksrk loksZfi
izekrk A rkkkfu Jo.kkfu fof/kokD;soso HkofUr A ukU;=k
osnHkkxs A rLek}SfnD; ,o Jqr;% A u osnk% lk{kkr~ A v=ksna
HkonqithO;a iwoZrU=klw=ka Hkofr A ^^JqfrfyokD;izdj.kLFkku&
lek[;kuka leok;s ikjnkScZY;eFkZfoizdkkZr~** bfr A bfr
lk{kk}sni;kZ;% JqfrkCnks fykfnH;Lra dFka i`FkDdrq koks&
R;kpk;Z% A Jqfrizk/kkU;k}snL; loZL; JqfrRosu O;ogkjksokZpke~ A
vfi p Jo.kokns Lohrs Hkorka izopuokn% loZFkk dhrksk%
L;kr~ A loZosnHkkxfok;ks fg Jo.kokn% A u eU=kek=kfok;% A
uuq ekLrq d=kZuqiyfC/kgsZrq% A okpk fo:i fuR;;sfr eU=kfy&
izkek.;k}snkuka fuR;Roa czwe% A lk/;eso Lekoa eq[;e~ A rk
osnkuka fuR;Roe~ A ;% df}k Hkorq gsrq% A ,oa osnkuka fuR;Ros
fl)s eU=kRoe`kh.kka xkS.ka dYif;rqa kD;a L;kfnfr psr~ A
,rsukfi gsrquk u Hkorka dk; fl/;sr~ A fuR;Rok}sn% izek.kfefr
Hkorka okn% A lEizfr Hk.kfUr rk osnL; fuR;Roa osnizkek.;kfnfrA
v;efrlqUnj brjsrjkJ;ks nksk% A vfi p eU=ko.kksDZ ra okpks fuR;Roa
lkekU;r% kCnfuR;Roijr;k p usraq kD;e~ A vkpk;ksZ tSfefuk=k
10
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
okpks fuR;Roa lkekU;r% kCnfuR;Roes o eU;rs A u

oSfndokD;cU/kfuR;Roe~ A ;n;a lkekU;r% A kCnfuR;RoL;So
lk/kuk; fykksfr rfeea gsrqa leqfkuksfr A ,rnso ;qe~ A
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fo:i fuR;;k A o`.ks pksnLo lqfq re~** bfr iw.kksZ eU=k% A vL;kfjlks
fo:i _fk% A v=k _fkjkRekua lEcks/;kfxLrqrkS izsj;fr A ;|=k
fuR;Roa okD;cU/kija L;kr~ A rnk _ksjkReu% lEcks/kuefxLrqfrizjs .ka
p u lPNsrs A HkoUers _fkeU=k;ksjFkZfok;s lEcU/kkHkkokr~ A
ijlEcks/kuesons a ukRelEcks/kufenfefr psr~ A fuR;s dFkefuR;L;
lEcks/kue~ A
fo:ifuR;;sR;soa ina oqeZ bfr psr~ rnkD;a i`Fko~ inikBkr~ A
fo:ikCnL; :ikHkkookUok;qjkdkkks ok HkoRoFkZ bfr psr~ A
u l izrkfxLrqfrizsj.ksfUorks Hkofr A
fofk:iks euq;ksFkksZ HkofRofr psr~ A
lk/kkj.k:i% d ikia roku~ A ,rkkkfu _kh.kkekRe&
lEcks/kukfu eU=ksoU;=kkfi lU;Urs A ^ûks/k% lqo` izHkjk
e#n~H;% ** bfr uks/kl vkksZ A ^^bUa leFksZ eg;k ofl** bfr
oflL;A ^^,okuwueqiLrqfg oS; nkea uoe~** bfr oS;L;
foeul%A ^^foHkwrjkr foizfp=kjksfpka vfxehfG;;Urqje~ A vL;
es / kL; lks E ;L; lks H kjs iz s e /ojk; iw O ;Z e ~ * * bfr lks H kjs % A
_XosnHkk;e~ 1
11
bZkesokRelEcks/kua oDrqa ;qe`ksokZpk fo:i fuR;;sR;=kkfiA

okpks okD;ijRos ok fuR;;sfr foksk.ka fu%lak;a HkonfHkereFk
cks / kf;rq a u ikj;frA lUrr;s R ;fi rnFkZ L ; lq o pRokr~ A
fuR;kfxgks=kkfnkq insosoeso fuR;kCnks fg lUrrkFkZokphA
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^^vukfnfu/kuk fuR;k okxqRl`k Lo;EHkqok** bfr A
fdesr}pua ikS#ks;e~ A mrkgks vikS#ks;e~ A
ikS#ks;eso rFkkfi osnewydRokRizek.kfefr psr~ A
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kCnijr;k p O;k[;krqa kD;% A ;Urs p eU=kk.kka dk;ZRos
ekU=ko.kdkfu opukfu A rskq dkfufpnqnkf;Urs A ^^,rsukxs cz.kk
oko`/kLo kh ok ;ks pekfonkok A** bfr fgj.;LrwiL;kksZA
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oflL;kRekss ksuA ^^m#O;pls efgus lqof` feUk; cz tu;Ur
foizk%A** bfr lk/kkj.kr;k A iwoZ=kksiekuHkwrk ujks usrkjks ;Fkk
NUnksHkkke~ A v=k foizk es/kkfou%A ,d=k usrkj% izdj.kkk; brjsA
vU;=k foizk% lkekU;r _k;%A ^^mr cz.;k o;a rqH;a izo`)
oftzo%A foizk vr{e tholsA** bfr oRlL;kksZ A v=k cz.;k
czkf.k ;Fkk NUnksHkkke~ A ^^vLek bnq Lrksea lafguksfe jFka u rso
rfRluk;A** bfr uks/kl vkksZ A ^^bU cz f;ek.kk tqkLo ;krs
kfo uO;k vdeZ A oso Hkk lqrk olw;wjFka u /khj% Loik
12
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vr{ke~ A ** bfr xkS j ohrs % A vfuR;tUeoRiq # kuke&

;ksxkkRlEc)dFkk;ksxkk osnkuka rkRiq#ktUer% izkxHkko%A
oq Rld{khofoks n klnHkhfrlq oks H kq T ;q o ` k.k[ks y iz H k` r hfu
ij%krkfu Hkwyksos tUeorka euq;k.kka ukekfu eU=kdk.Ms ;UrsA
rRlEc)k dFkk%A Hk`xwkfLrKkuJqfrlR;dkeksidkslykifr&
srosrq;kKoYD;tudizHk`rhfu ij%krkfu Hkwyksos tUeorka
euq;k.kka ukekfu czk.kskq ;Urs A rRlEc)k dFkk%A Hkorka
usrk kcjLokeh czk.kLFka ccj% izkokgf.kfjR;soa ukekfrfo;k
fo/k;k ok;q i jr;k O;k[;k; iw o Z i {kks n kra oq lq # foUn
vkSkfyfdfjR;U;kkekfi vifjgjkso osnokD;kuka losZkke~
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izfl)Rokk izog.kL;kiR;a izkokgf.k** fjfr onfrA izfrokfnuks
us=k;ks/kwZfyiz{ksi.kesrr~A vfLr izokg.k% izfl)ks thoyL; iq=k%
ikkykuka jktk A ;a izokg.ka tSoy onfUr A v;eso
jktk#kydk; ikfxfo|ka dfFkroku~ A ;ks {kf=k;soso izkXcHkwo
u czk.kskq A v;eso jktk% fkydk;kkykoR;k; pSfdrkuk;
nkYH;k; pkdkkkshFkfo|keqifnoku~ A ,rnqHk;a p ;rs
NUnks x kukeq i fukfnA lk;.kkpk;Z L rq Lodh;L; _Xos n &
Hkk;L;ksies ;Fkk ehekaldlEiznk;efuR;kFkZ;ksxks osns kq ukLrhfr
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nRok eU=kO;k[;kule;s rka izfrKka foLe`R; iw.k osna vfuR;kFkSZ%
iwfjroku~A vFkok l fdjksrq lkEiznkf;dks fo}ku~A rsukpk;Z%
kcjLokeh uksf;rO;%A eU=kk ;Fkk kCnxfr O;k[;krO;k%A
_XosnHkk;e~ 1
13
vij vkg ^ôs n ks kuka O;huka

O;DR;ko`fkokn[k.Mue~ ukfuR;Roe~ A izfrdYia rnko`fk&
HkZorhfr gsrks** fjfr A
v=k d izek.ke~ A
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dku O;hjfi A ;fn O;h y{k;skg lokZ vihR;kifk% A bek
,o y{k;sksek bfr fofuxedfojgkr~ A
rg nsokukelxzg bfr psr~ A
u A lefdksVkoso fg rs u O;fdksVkokf/kHkkSfrdk/;kfRed&
oSHkokkfyRokr~ A vkf/kdkfjdO;hyZ{k;sk rn~fHkkk bfr O;oLFkka
oqeZ bfr psr~ A ;Fkk Loera Hkorka O;oLFkk L;kr~ A o;a rq
i`PNkeksFkZeso izek.kokD;L; A vfi pkf/kHkwre/;kRea pkU;rj=k
ok dL;fpr~ izikakL; ;ks usrk l ,okf/kdkfjdks Hkofr A rsu
euq;O;hukekf/kdkfjdRosea izFkeeuqiike~ A
14
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vU;s iz k gq % A ;FkkFkZ c ks / kdRoa

ykSfddoSfnoskq okD;skq rqY;e~ A
osnkuka lk{kkr~
ikjesjRoL; [k.Mue~ rFkk foo{kkewydRoefi A okD;L;
fulxksZ soe~ A foo{kk p ;r~
fdfRdr`Zfuk Hkofr A rLek}snk ldrZ`dk% A
osu A bZjs.ksfr czwe%A r=k eU=kdk.Ms ;L; ;L; HkkxL; ; vk|
miyC/kk l rL; _fk% dF;rs A fuR;fl)L;S o
eU=kL;k|ksiykfC/kjUrcZfgokZ Jo.kr ,o lk/;sfr oDrqa ;qe~ A
bZj izsfjrL;ksiyfC/kizdkjksU;% A bZj vkRera eU=keUr;kZeh
LofoHkwfr}kjk _ksjUr%dj.ks izjs ;fr A l r=k i;Urh okxziw ks HkklsrA
;=k lw{es kCns leosrksFkZ% lw{ea Hkklsr lk i;Urh oko~ A
vuqHkwfr losZkkeskk A ;nLekoa lokZ.;kH;Urjkf.k lfok;kf.k
fpUrukfu lw{ekCnleosrkU;so HkofUr A kCna fouk u ijks{kL;
dL;fpnFkZL; HkkueUrcZfgokZ A rfnnesokhZ.kka eU=knkZueqP;rs A
ra p a eU=ke`fkoSZ[k;kZ cfg% izdkk;fr A rfnnesokhZ.kka
eU=kdj.keqP;rs A vk|kskkj.keso dj.kfeR;qip;Zr bR;qDra
Hkofr A ,oehjokD;Rokp% izek.ke~ A vU;s p osnk% A
bZjokD;Rok}snskq dkj.knkskks uko/kkjf;rqa kD;% A KkuL; Lor%
izkek.;kuhdkjsfi uk=k fdefi ck/kde~ A bZjokD;Rosu
dkj.kxq.kko/kkj.kL;kfi kD;Rokr~ A osnkuka ikjesjRos p eU=k&
czk.ks izek.ks Hkor% A ^^rLek|KkRloZgqr _p% lkekfu tfKjs A
NUnkafl tfKjs rLek|tqLrLekntk;r% A ** bfr eU=k% A ^^vL;
egrks HkwrL; fuflresr|Xosnks ;tqosZn% lkeosnksFkokZf&
jl% A** bfr czk.ke~ A vfuR;kFkZ;ksxks ukLekoa nksk% A
_XosnHkk;e~ 1
15
loZKL;sjL; loZdkyO;kfiuh Hkkjrhfr izR;qr xq.k% A ;kfu

_pka dk;ZRos iznkrkfu opukfu rsogeFkZ bZjks oO;% A ^^m#
O;pls efgus lqo`ffeUk; cz tu;Ur foizk% A** bR;=ksj%
ijks{kjhR;k foizk bR;kRekueso onrhfr oO;e~ A foizkCnL;
lkekU;rks es/kkfookpdRokr~ A u cgqopuehjs uksii|rs A eU=kskq
_kh.kka lEcks/kukfu pssjs.kSo f;Ur bR;hrs dks nksk% A
fokskr% lEcks/kua p rL; rL; fofkRokr~ A loZKL;sjL;
loZ d kyO;kfiuh HkkjrhR;q es o A kk;ks f uRokfnfr
kkjhjdlw=kL; Hkk;s p kjHkxoRiknk beeso i{kehpozq% A
lk;.kkpk;Z iz z k ;ks eheka l dfl)kUrefujkoq oZ kfi
euq ;fuerRokHkkos u S o os n kukeikS # ks ; Rofefr onks r a
fl)kUrehdjksR;so lknje~ A rLekn;eso i{k mikns;%** bfr A
v=k fopk;Z r s A i{ks fLeUoS f ndopuiz k ek.;kns o os n kuka
ikjesjRoehdrZO;e~ A oSfndopueizkek.;a p osnkuka
ikjesjRoknso v;eU;ksU;kJ;ks nksk% A
ukLR;U;ksU;kJ;% A u osnizkek.;k}snL; ikjesjRoa czwe% A
osnizkek.;a ukesjokD;izkek.;e~ A vFk dhkkRizkek.;kr~ A
vkokD;izkek.;k}snL; ikjesjRoe~ A dks;ek% A ;ks osnkuka
drkZ l ,ok=kk%A dksu;ksokskks osnkuka drqZjhjL; p A
vfoKkrukekiwoZ% osoya xzUFkdr`ZRoy{k.k% A foKkrukek
loZKRokfn ekgkHkkX;oosu Kk;eku% ij% A osnkukd.kZ;Urks o;a
dksL; egkrks xzUFkL; drsfZ r izFkea ftKklkegs A rnkLekdfena
izek.keizek.ka osfr ehekalSo u Hkofr A xzUFks ;nk drqZukZeyC/ka
16
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
rnk ra drkZja fu/kkZj;ke%A rkkLekoa yC/ka ukesjL;A

xzUFkkUrjsoI;soeso xzUFkdkjukeks xzUFks yfC/kjso xzUFkdkja fu/kkZjf;rqa
izHkofr A rfnnekokD;izkek.;e~ A lk/kkj.kksfi euq;ks
;FkkonuqHkwrkFkZ vk mP;rs A usjRoa r=kkisf{kre~A rkkknk&
okD;izkek.;knsoksnkr;kseZU=kczk.k;ks% izkek.;e~ A vuUrja
loZL; osnL;sjokD;Ros fu/kkZfjrs rL; izkek.;a lqfLFkja L;kr~ A
v=ksneqnkgj.ka Hkofr A Hkkjrs o;e/;k;kUrskq oS;kflD;ka
lafgrk;kfefr ;nk foyksd;keLrnk O;kl ,oeqokp rrks
O;klizksfenfefr /khuksZRi|rs A vfi rq xzUFkdkj ,o eqokurks
O;klizksfenfefr /kh#Ri|ekuk ;rsA vuUrja O;klizksDrs
;kokSjoa rkok=k tk;rsA rLekkkU;ksU;kJ;%A ,oa psUekLRo&
U;ksU;kJ;%A vU;nfLr de~ A bZjokD;L;so HkonqkokD;L;
u fujka izkek.;e~ A rLekk rnuqlkjs.k osnkukehj&
okD;Roflf)% A ufUona fo#)e~ A ;|kks ok rL; okD;a oqr%
izek.ka u L;kr~A ;ks xzUFkL; drkZ l vkReu% dr`ZRoL; Kkuk;
fdefi izek.kkUrja ukis{krs A r=k rL; u dnkfpnfi izekn%
lEHkofr A rLekRloksZfi xzUFkdkj vkReuks xzUFkdr`ZRoL; Kkus
fujis{kks oO;% A LoxzUFkdj.kL; LokuqHkoxkspjRokr~ A ;fn l
vkReuks ukeksnkgjfr dr`RZ osu xzUFks rg ;FkkuqHkwrkFkZloa knh oO;%
L;kr~ A rLekkL;kRoa iqjLR;kuqHkwrkuqokndRoa fl/;rhfr
psr~ A vkiksrs% drZfj HkwrkFkZdizR;;s rs lR;k bfr :ia
Hkofr A v;a p kCnkFkks Z fok;iz k fi;Z U res o /kkofr u
rnuqokfnRoi;ZUre~ A rkkkukekkuka okD;kfu lokZ.;fi uSo
foluh;kfu A feF;kokfnRoL; p lEHkokr~ A izrsu
o;ekf{kike vkokD;L; ewya Kkua Hkzeizeknkfnnksknwfkra Hkforqa
_XosnHkk;e~ 1
17
kD;fefr A bneso kkegs r}kD;a ;FkkuqHkwrlaokfn ok feF;k

osfr mHk;L;kfi lEHkokr~ A r|FkkuqHkwrlaok|sosfr fusrqa
oDrqoluh;Roe~ visf{kre~ A oDrqoluh;Roa fusrqa
oDrqofk% ifjp;ksisf{kr% A v;ehkxq.k ,rkkesfr A
rLeknfoKkrukeks xzUFkdrqZoZpuknsoskskq lUnHksZkq u o;a fdefi
fu/kkZ j f;rq a ko q e% A uUos o a ps r ~ j?kq o a kknhfu
dkfynklkfndforkuhfr fu/kkZjf;rqeI;kD;a L;kr~ A fokeks
kUr% A ize.kxzUFkks osn% A j?kqoakkn;% osoya lkfgR;xzUFkk% A
iz e k.kxz U Fkkuka iz k ek.;a u Lok;ke~ A vfi rq
xzUFkdkjkfoi;ZLrfnO;Kkulkis{ke~ A lkfgR;xzUFkkuka fujis{ka
izkek.;eso ukfLr izFkee~ A ;kq r=k ln;SjF;Zekua jke.kh;oa
rk xzUFkLFkkCnkFkkZ;keso u xzUFkdkjxq.kk;ke~ A iwonZ ys drkZ
xzUFkL; izkek.;k; dL;fpnH;grreL; uke dr`RZ osuksnkgjsfnfr
kfrqa kD;e~ A ukskj=k A kkgsrksjHkkokr~ A reu;k ppZ;k A
Hkorks oknew y es o iz F keeR;Ura nq c Z y e~ A
osndr`ZizR;k;dRosuksnkr;kseZU=kczk.k;ks% lk{kkRijesja
osndr`ZRosu leiZf;rqa ukfLr kf% A d% lk{kkRijesj% A ;%
ijes O;ksefu txrke/;{k% l lk{kkr~
ijesj% A
rf}HkwfrHkwrnsorki;qnZ klkUr;kZfei;qnZ klk; p lk{kkfnR;qf% A eU=ks
fojkV~i#q kL; izLrqrRokRlosZ kka p nsfguka rnsdnskRos loZnfs grks
xzUFkleqnk;LrRr bfr f/k;kfi _xknhuka rRrRoksf% lPNrs
A mkjL;ke`fp p ^^rLeknk vtk;Ur ;s os pksHk;knr%A xkoks g
tfKjs
rLekkLekkkrk
vtko;%**
bfr
lw;fZ dj.kchtdi`fFkohizfroa vk|kk|qRiknua p fojkV~i#q kL;
i{k ,o lPNrs u lk{kkRijesjL; i{ks A uuq dks Hksnks fojkV~&
18
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
iq # kL; lk{kkRijes jL; p mP;rs A loZ c z k.MS % lg

fofkL;sjL; foo{kk;ka yksos fojkV~i#q k bfr funsZ k% A ^^lgkhkkZ
iq#k% lgk{k% lgikr~ A l Hkwe forks oòkR;frkk&
ye~ A** bR;knkS o.;Zeku mnkgj.ke~ A loZc
z k.Mkf/kdkfjnsorkRe&
Lo:isjO;fek=kfoo{kk;ka lk{kkRijsesj bfr funsZk% A ^^;ks
vL;k/;{k% ijes O;kseURlks v osn ;fn ok u osn A** bR;knkS
o.;Zeku mnkgj.ke~ A rLekRlk{kkkxrke/;{kks osnkUrokfuR;=ksna
izek.ka u Hkofr A fofkL; izdj.ka srr~ A czk.ka p Lia
fofkL; izdj.keoxE;rs A rL; iw.k okD;fena fg HkofrA
^^vL; egrks Hkw r L; fu%flres r Xos n ks ;tq o s Z n %
lkeosnksFkokZfjl bfrgkl% iqjk.ka fo|k mifukn% yksdk%
lw=kk.;uqO;k[;kukfu O;k[;kukU;L;SoSrkfu flrkfu** bfrA
fdeqRlè=k oke;s A izk;% loZehjdk;ZRosukse~A fdfena
czk.kopua iqjk.ksfrgklfo|kyksdlw=kO;k[;kukuqO;k[;ku&
oSy{k.;su osnkuka lk{knhjjfprRoa fu/kkZjf;rqa izHkosr~ A lfUr
p cgwfu ck/kdkfu osnk% ijesjL; lk{kkRr; bR;=k A
^^kalns Dq Fka lqnkuo mr |q{ka ;Fkk uj%A pek
1- vkSiE;kuqiifk% lR;jk/klsA** bfr oflL;kkZ% izkxqnkrks
eU=k% A v=kkgeFkZ bZjs.k ;|fUor% L;kr~
rg ;Fkk uj bR;kSiE;a u lPNsr A ;Fkk uj mDFka oqoZfUr rFkk
o;eihfrA uj bfr usr.kka fofkiq#kk.ka uke ;Fkk NUnksHkkke~ A
^^vga izsu eUeuk fxj% kqEHkkfed.oor~ A** bfr oRlL;kk
pk=kksnkgrZO;e~ A
_XosnHkk;e~ 1
19
^^mr cz .;k o;a rq H ;a

2- iz;kstulhrZukuqiifk% izo`)oftzo% A foizk vr{e
thjls A** bfr oRlL;kksZ izkxqnkrks
eU=k% A v=kkgeFkZ bZjs.k ;|fUor% L;kr~ rg thol bfr iz;kstu&
lhrZua u lPNsr A d fpja thouk; czkf.k djksrhj% A
^^bU cz f;ek.kk tqkLo ;krskfouO;k
3- uO;Rokuqiifk% vdeZ A oso Hkk lqrkolw;w jFka u
4- dkekuqiifk% /khj% Loik vr{ke~A** bfr xkSjohrsjkkZ%
izkxqnkrks eU=k% A v=kkgeFkZ bZjs.k
;|fUor% L;kr~ rg uO;k bfr LokRefoksk.ka u lPNsr A u
pkskjk/kZpsZ olw;qfjfr A olwlqoZlqdkeks ;Fkk NUnksHkkke~ A bZjks
iqjk.ksH;% iqjk.k vkloZdke A
loZ=kkgeFkZ ukUosrhjs.k eU=ko.kZLFkklq
5- vgeFkkZuUo;% Lrqfrkq A ;nhj ,o osnkuka drkZ rg loZ=k
LrqfrogeFksZu eU=ko.kZLFksusjkfUorsuSo
HkforO;e~ A l loZ=k _fkfHkjsokfUorks ;rs A bekfu Likfu
dkfufpnqnkgj.kkfuA ^^ra Rok o;a ifrexs j;h.kka izkalkeks
efrfHkxksZrekl%A** bfr xkSreL; uks/kl vkksZ A v=k o;a xksrek%
izkalke bR;kkZRokuqowy% ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A ^^vfHkRok
xksrek fxjk tkrosnks fopkZ.ks A |qejS fHkiz.kksueq % AA** bfr jkgwx.kL;
xksreL;kksZ A v=k o;a xksrek vfHkiz.kksuqe bfr vkkZRokuqowy%
ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ%A ^^vokspke jgwx.kk vx;s e/kqe}p%A**
bfr iquLrL;SokksZ A v=k o;a jgwx.kk vokspke op bR;kkZRokuqow y%
20
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A ^^vfpfdRokffdrqkfn=k dohu~

i`PNkfe fon~eusu fo}ku~ A** bfr nh?kZrel vkksZ A v=kkfpfdRokuga
fpfdrq k% i` P Nkfe u fo}kuga dohu~ i` P Nkehfr
ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ%A _fksngeFkksZ usnelra L;kr~ A rL;
nkZukRizkxfo|k;k% lEHkosu rnuqoknL; drq kD;Rokr~ A bneqkj=k
Lia fu:if;;ke%A bZjL;kKkukuqiifkoksZnkrs LFkys A
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v=k ee dL; firqfjfr ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A _ks% firSo
=k foof{kr% A ^^ksxa ee lw;Z gfjek.ka p ukk;A** bfr
iz L d.oL;kks Z A v=k ee ks x a gfjek.ka ukk;s f r
ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% _ksjso fg ksxks gfjek p A bZjL;
jksxkuqiifkoksZnkrs LFkys A ^^la ekriUR;fHkr% lihfjo ikZo%A
fuck/krs vefruZxrktlqosZuZosoh;rs efr%A ewkks u fkkk O;UnfUr
ek/;% Lrksrkja rs krrks A lRlquks e?kofkU e`G;k /kkfirs
o uks Hko A** bfr dokL;kkks Z }` p brks fi
Hkw;lhukeuqiikhukeqnkgj.ka Hkofr A ^^vlkS p;ku mojkfnea
rUoa ee A vFkksr rL; ;fPNj% lokZrkjksekk f/kA** bR;ikyk;k
vkksZ A v=kkLePNCn lEcfU/kuksFkkZ _fkdk;keso lPNUrs u
ijesjs A
;=k ;=k eU=kskq lwL; rrksf/kdL; ok
6- dr`ZRokuUo;% HkkxL; drkZ fun;rs r=k r=ksj uke u
;rs A kfu ukekfu RokkZRokuqowykfu A
v=k dkfufpnqnkgj.kkfu A ^^,ok rs gfj;kstuklqo`hUczkf.k
xksreklks vu~ A** bfr xkSreL; uks/kl vkksZ A v=k xksreklks
_XosnHkk;e~ 1
21
czk.;u~ bR;kkZRokuqowy% ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A v=k

_fkjkRekueso fg ijks{kfo/k;k cgqopusu xksrekl bR;kg A
yqkiR;izR;;fena ine~ A ^^luk;rs xksre bUuO;er{k
gfj;kstuk; A lquhFkk;u% kolkuuks/kk% izkreZ{kw f/k;kolq&
tZxE;kr~A** bfr iquLrL;SokksZ v=k xksreks uks/kk czk r{k&
fnR;kkZRokuqowy% ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A ,dopuefi xksre
bfr yqkiR;izR;;a ine=k cks/;e~ A ;Fkk Hk`xqfjfr kqokpdRosA
^^vdkfjr bUxks r es f Hkcz Z k.;ks k A** bfr p
rL;kkZeU=kksnkgrZO;e~A ^^,okfxxksZresfHk_ZrkokfoizsfHkjLrks
tkrosnk%**A bfr xksreL;kksZ A v=k xksresfHkjfxjLrksRs ;kkZRokuqow y%
ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A v=k _fkjkRekueso fg ijks{kfo/k;k
cgqopusu xksresfHkfjR;kg A ^^reqRok xksreks fxjk jk;Ldkeks
nqoL;fr A** bfr rL;So iqujkk pk=kksnkgrZO;e~ A ^^,rk bU
o`.kk mDFka okkkZfxjk vfHkx`.kfUr jk/k% A _tzk%A izffHkjEcjhk%
lgnsoksHk;eku% lqjk/kk%A** bfr _tzkknhuka okkkZfxjk.kkekksZ A
v=k _tzkksEcjhk% lgnsoks Hk;eku% lqjk/kk bfr okkkZfxjk mDFk
vfHkx`.kUrhR;kkZRokuqowy% ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ%A ^^fnoks
nklsfHkfjULrokuks oko`/khFkk vgksfHkfjo |kS%**A bfr nSoksnkls%
i#PNsiL;kksZ v=k fnoksnklsfHk% Lroku bR;kkZRokuqow y% ikjesjRok
izfrowyksFkZ% A v=k _fkjkRekueso fg ijks{k fo/k;k cgqopusu
fnoksnklsfHkfjR;kg A yqkiR;izR;;fena ine~ A ^^,ok rs x`Rlenk
kwjeUek oL;oks u o;qukfu r{kq%** bfr x`RlenL;kksZ A v=k x`Rlenk
eUe r{kqfjR;kkZRokuqowy% ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A v=k
_fkjkRekueso fg ijks{kfo/k;k cgqopusu x`Rlenk bR;kg A
^^Lok;oks efrfHkLrqH;a foizk bUk; okg% oqfkdklks vu~ A**
22
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
bfr fofe=kL;kksZ A v=k oqfkdklksokgksfkR;kkZRokuqowy%

ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A v=k _fkjkRekueso fg ijks{kfo/k;k
cgqopusu oqfkdkl bR;kg A yqkiR;izR;;fena ine~ A
^^fokfe=kL; j{kfr czsna Hkkjra tue~ A** bfr rL;So iqujkk
pk=kksnkgrZO;e~ A ^^vfHkRok xksrek fxjk uwkr iznkous A** bfr
xksreL; okensoL;kksZ A v=k xksrek fxjk RokeuwDrsR;kkZRokuqow y%
ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ%A v=k _fkjkRekueso fg ijks{kfo/k;k
cgqopusu xksrek bR;kg A yqkiR;izR;;fena ine~ A ^^ra Rok
lqfkiznEirs LrkseSoZ/kZUR;=k;ks xhHk% kqEHkUR;=k;%A** bR;k=ks;L;
llL;kksZ A izkXon=kkkZRokuqowY;& ikjesjRoizkfrowY;s A ^^,fr
izkph fookjk ueksfHknsoZ ka bZGkuk gfokk ?k`rkph A** bfr fookjk;k
_fkdk;k vkksZ A ^^rLek m czokgls fxjks o/kZUR;=k;ks fxj%
kqEHkUR;=k;%A** bR;=ksjkksZ ^^;kokLrs lfor% Lrkseekuks A**
bfr ;kokL; A ^^v}skksuks e#rks xkrqers uJksrk goa tfjrqjos ;k
e#r~A** bR;so;k e#r% A v=kSo;k e#fnfr yqkhoa ine~ A
^^,osfnU% lqrs vLrkfo lkses Hkj}ktskq {k;fnUe?kksu%A** bfr
Hkj}ktL;A uwjksnlh vfHkqrs
oflS% A** bfr oflL; A
^^bek mo% lqnkuoks ?k`ra u fiI;qkhfjk%A o/kkZUdk.;L; eUefHk%
A** bfr dk.oL; iquoZRlL; A ^ôS;L; Jqra ujk** bfr oS:L;
foeul% A ^^v;a oka .kks vfuk gors A** bfr .kL; A
^^rkoka fodks gors ruwFks A** bfr fodL; A ^^vkoka
fokfHk:frfHk% fiz;es/kk vgwkr A** bfr fiz;es/kL; ^^vjek;
xk;fr Jqrd{kks vjos A** bfr Jqrd{kL;A ^^Jq/khgoa frjk
bU;LRok li;ZfrA** bfr frjhuke% A ^^lehjs Hkklks vLojfkUa
lkseL; ihr;s A** bfr jsHkL; A ^îors g;Zrks gfjx`Z.kkuks tenfxuk
_XosnHkk;e~ 1
23
A** bfr tenxs% A ^^foensu ;nhfGrk uklR;k fujeUFkre~A** bfr

foenL; ^^v/k fiz;a kwkfeUk; eUeczrks c`gnqDFkknokfpA**
bfr c`gnqDFkL; A ^^kra ok ;nlq;Z izfrRok lqfe=k bRFkLrkSqe=k
bRFk LrkS r ~ A** bfr ukerks nq e=kL; xq . kr% lq f e=kL; A
lUR;srkkkU;U;kfu p cgwU;qnkgj.kkfu A ,kq losZkq LiksFkZ
vkkZRokuqowy% ikjesjRoizfrowy% A
bna pkkZRoL;kuqowya izfrowya
7- ;konsdkkSyhlk;e~ ikjesjRoL; A ;Fkk & ^îzkreZ{kw
f/k;kolqtZxE;kr~ A** bfr izk;%
lwkU;qilagjfr uks/kk% A ^^rkks fe=kks o#.kks ekegUrkefnfr%
flU/kq% i`fFkoh mr |kS% A** bfr oqRl% A ^^fo|keska o`tua thjnkuqeA~ **
bR;xLR;% A ^^c`g}nse fonFks lqohjk%** bfr x`Rlen% A ^^;w;a
ikrLofLrfHk% lnk u% A** bfr ofl% A ,rfek=kiznkZue~ A
24
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
_XosnHkk;e~ 2
mikskr%
bUa lw;Zex lkseeU;ka fokUnsoku~ ueLR; izek.kHkwra ifo=ka
xHkhjkFk _Xosna O;k[;kL;ke% A _p bfr osn _Xosn% A l
pkfx e hGs iq j ks f grfeR;kfn;Z F kko%
osnkikS#ks;Ro[k.Mue~ lqlgklrhR;Ur% A dFke`p% izek.ke~ A
v=kkgq% iwoZehekaldk% if.Mrk% A ^^kCnks
fuR;% A rskkeFkZlEcU/k fuR;% A rLekPNCnk vFkZcks/kdk% A
vr ,o Jksr%q fdefi KkueqRikn;fUr A KkuL; p Lor% izkek.;e~
A dkj.knkskko/kkj.ka rniokn% A ikS#ks;skq okD;skq iq#kcqf)nksk&
lEHkokkkU;KkuL; izkek.;eiksfnrqa kD;e~ A osnkLRoikS#ks;k%
d=kZuqiyC/ksgsZrks% A rLek}SfndokD;tU;KkuL; izkek.;a fuji&
okne~ A r=k fg ukfLr dkj.knkskko/kkj.kL;kodkk% A** bfr A bna
ereuql`R;kikS#ks;Rokp% izek.ke~ A uuq _Xosn% ikS#ks;% ,o
HkforqegZfr kkdydlek[;kfykfnfr psr~ A u A izopuknso lk
lek[;k u dr`ZRokr~ A izopua p fofke/;kiue~ A vuU;&
lk/kkj.ke/;;ua ok A v=k fopk;Zrs A vLrq kCnks fuR;% A vLrq
rL;kFkZlEcU/kks fuR;% A vLrq rLeknFkZcks/kd% A vLrq rkU;a
Kkua lfr dkj.knkskkuo/kkj.ks izek.ke~ A osnk vikS#ks;k
bR;=kSokLekoa lUnsg% A ;nqP;rs izre`Xosnef/kR; rL; kkd&
_XosnHkk;e~ 2
25
ydlek[;k izopukfnfr A lk izopuk}k Hkorq ;Fkk HkoUere~ A

i`FkDi`FkxqiyH;ekukuka eU=kHkkxkukesdlafgrk:is.k dj.kk}k
Hkorq A r=k ukLekdekxzg% A izkphu_fkPNUnksnos rkuqef.kdkfn&
}kjksiyC/kk _k;ks e/kqPNUn% izHk`r;Lrq kkdyok ifjgrq
kD;k% A ;L; okD;a l _fk;kZ rsuksP;rs lk nsorsfr kgqjfHk&
;qk% A vfxehGs iqjksfgrfeR;kfndk _pks e/kqPNUn%izHk`rhuka
okD;kuhR;qDra Hkofr A vFkZid
z kkuk; dkfufpRinkfu la;ksT; ;ks
;}kD;eqkkj;fr rkL; Hkofr A l rL; okD;L; drksZP;rs A
fl/;R;soa e/kqPNUn%izHk`rhuke`Xosndr`RZ oe~ A ueks eU=kn~H; bfr
czk.ke=kkuqow ya Hkofr A ^^lqdeZikieU=kiq.;skq %** bfr lw=ks.k
eU=kRina O;q R ikn;UHkxokUikf.kfuk=kks n kgrZ O ;% A ^û
kCnyksddygxkFkkoSjpkVql=w keU=kinskq** bfr rL;SokU;Rlw=ka pk=k
Hkofr A vusu kCnkfnkwiinskq fokskrks % izka VizR;;a
fufk/; ^^deZ.;.k~** bfr lw=ks.k lkekU;rks.izR;;L; cks/k;fr
izo`fke~ A ,oa eU=kdkjkCn iz;ksxkgksZ foKk;rs A uuq e/kqPNUn%&
izHk`r;ksfi HkoUrq izopuknso rkUeU=kHkkxkZ;% A eU=kk.kke`fk&
okD;RodFkuekSipkfjoa dYif;rO;e~ A czk.kksDra eU=kdj.ka p
eU=kizopuy{koa dYif;rO;e~ A ;UeU=kRinfykRizkI;rs A
lw=k};LFk% ikf.kfuSrnuqlkjs.k usrO;% A vU;Fkk kcjLokfeizHk`r;ks
egkUr% if.Mrk mfrk% L;qfjfr psr~ A u dksfi lR;kUoskh
foekZdks fHkki{kLFkkUif.Mrkuuq lR;RosukReuk a i{ka
LFkkif;rqa izHkosr~ A rLekk lk dkfpnkifk% A mikns;a dkj.ka czoq Urq
HkoUr% A fdeFkZe`tqa eq[;kFk fogk; cgqkq LFkyskwipkj% dYif;&
rO;% A fuR;Rok}snkukeuU;Fkksii;k rRdk;ZRoa ;=k DofpnqDra
HkkDra oO;fefr psr~ A dFka osnkuka fuR;Roa fl)a Hkorke~ A
26
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
d=kZuqiyC/ksgsZrksfjR;qesokLekfHkfjfr psr~ A fofp=kks;a okn% A

vL;k;a lkjkakks Hkofr A _pkeqiyH;ekuk% drkZjks xkS.kk%
dYI;Urs A rLekpka drkZjks uksiyH;Urs A ;LekRdrkZjks uksiyH;Urs
rL;kfkR;k _p% A fuR;Roknso _pka leqiyH;ekukuka drZ.kka
xkS.kRoa dYif;rO;a Hkorhfr A eU=kfuR;Rok;ke`kh.kka eU=koòL;
xkS.kRoa rnk;kk d=kZuqiyfC/k% A d=kZuqiyC?;k;ka eU=kfuR;Ro&
feR;;efrlqUnjdnksk% A _kh.kka eU=kizopudr`ZRoknso
rkUeU=kkRoa izfl)sjso Hkorq u fuR;Rokpka rsu u pdnksk
bfr psr~ A lSo ukfLr A Dofpnfi e/kqPNUn%izHk`rhuka eU=kikBduke
u izfl)e~ A eU=kr bfr rq izfl)sosZnosnkfykuqx`ghrk;k%
izR;qr o% foijhra Qfyre~ A u osoya osnosnk;ks% A dkO;skq pSkk
izflf)Z;rs A ^^vI;xz.kheZU=krke`kh.kka oqkkxzcq)s oqkyh
xq#Lrs** bfr egkdfo% dkfynkl% A uUoU;k izflf)jfLr _k;ks
eU=kkj bfr A lSo eq[;kFkZlaokfnuh A r}frfjk eU=kr bfr
izflf)LRokSipkfjdh HkforqegZrhfr psr~ A foijhreqP;rs Hkon~fHk%
A izopuk;k[;k bfr Hkorka okn% A Hkon~fHk% iznkrk izflf)Lrq
nkZuk;k[;k bfr onfr A dFka lk Hkorka eq[;kFkZlaokfnuh
Hkosr~ A fofkL;k/;;uL;k/;kiuL; ok ukfLr fg nkZulaKk A
uuq lk/;esokLekoa eq[;e~ A rk fuR;Roa osnkuke~ A losZfi
rf}jks/kifjgkjgsro% Lohf;Urs A b;kuso ifjgkjgsrqjLrhfr u
izfrtkuhegs A czk.kfok;s izopuokna LohoqeZ% A kk[kkukefok;s
p A nkZuokna rq eU=kfok;s A e/kqPNUn%izHk`frfHkjfxehGs
iqjksfgrfeR;kn;ks eU=kHkkxk k bfr onke% A _k;ks eU=kkj bfr
izflf)j=k gsrq% A ;% lUreso lw; i;fr l ,o lw;ZksP;rs A u
lw; oqokZ.k% A ,oa lr ,o eU=kkUi;Urks eU=kkj mP;sju~ A u
_XosnHkk;e~ 2
27
eU=kku~ oqokZ.kk bfr psr~ A je.kh;ks;a oknks ;fn qa eU=kk%

lk/;k% A rnso ukfLr A dFka kCnL; Pk{kqfjU;xkspjRoe~ A vFkkZi{s k;k
lksffjfr psr~ A r=k ukLekdek{ksi% A rsu ekU=ko.kdokD;cU/k&
fuR;Roa dFka o% fl/;sr~ A vFkkZis{k;k eU=k`Roa okD;cU/kkis{k;k
eU=koa p _kh.kkfefr O;ogkj};eI;Lekoa fuojks/ke~ A vfLr
pkU;=kkfi frkq nkZuRoO;ogkj% A dk.kkna nkZua ikrtya
nkZufeR;knhU;qnkgj.kkfu A uuq eU=kkj bR;=k nkZua y{k.k;k
Jo.ka onke% A lr ,o eU=kL;k|% Jksrk eU=kksP;rs A u uwrur;k
drsfZ r psr~ A ;fn eU=kJksrkj bR;fi izfl)e`kh.kkefHk/kkua L;kr~ A
rnk rnuqlkjs.k eU=kkj bfr ina yk{kf.koa dYiuh;a L;kr~ A u
RofLr rr~ A ;fn Jo.kknso ysfHkjs eU=kku`k;% ] rg eq[;kFkZloa kfnuh
eU=kJksrkj bfr izflf)% oqrks u L;kr~ A vfLr f}fo/kk izflf)% A
eU=kr bR;sdk] eU=kkj bR;U;k A r;ksjso lkejL;a dYif;&
rO;e~ A uksHk;R;kxsukizfl)a eq[;kFkZlaokfninkUrjeUosk.kh;e~ A
uuq ekLrq eU=kJksrkj bfr izflf)% A vfLr osnkuka Jqr; bR;fHk&
/kkue~ A rsu _kh.kka Jo.kkfu eU=kk bfr lqyHka kD;rs oDrqfefr
psr~ A u eU=kk% Jqr;% A eU=kO;k[;kule;skq eU=kksnkgj.kle;skq ok
u Dofpnfi ;kLdks eU=ka Jqfrinsuksnkgjfr A l mi;quf fuxe&
ine~ A tSfefucknjk;.kkofi u Dofpnfi eU=ka JqfrRosuksnkgjr% A
rkH;keqi;qT;sr eU=ko.kZina izk;% A u p oSfndoke;s Jqfrina
osnlkekU;ijr;k eU=kijr;k ok DofpnI;qi;qDra e~ A vFk dk
Jqfr% A ;Rina lw=kskq Hkk;skq Vhdklq pklnqi;qT;rs A mP;rs A
oSfndks fof/k% Jqfr% A HkO;L;Sosfr oskkfnkxzg% A HkwrL;kih&
R;ijs A mHk;sfi czk.ksoso fof/kokD;kfu lUrhfr eU;Urs rRlR;a
ok Hkorq A u ok A rkskka ere~ A v=k iwosZ d.Bksk eU=kk%
28
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
osoyefHk/kkuokfpuks u fo/kk;dk bR;kgq% A ^^fof/keU=k;ksjd

S kF;Z&
eSdkC|kr~ A vfi ok iz;ksxlkeF;kZUeU=kksfHk/kkuokph L;kr~ A **
bfr iworZ U=ks ;ekua l iwoiZ {kfl)kUra eU=kkfo/kk;dRokf/kdj.ke~
v=k lq/khfHkjoyksduh;e~ A vuUrjkLrq ;Rosoyeqifuk}kD;kFkZ&
fopkj.keso Rok eU=klafgrk mis{kk pfjs A rkskkefi eU=kk.kka
fo/kk;dRoa lUnsgkLinfeosfr u% izfrHkkfr A izreuqljke% A
mHk;skka ehekaldkuka JqfrkCnks oSfndizR;{kfof/kij bR;qe~ A l
p kkh;% ikfjHkkfkd% A u l dnkfpnfi eU=kij mi;q
mHk;ksLrU=k;ksfjfr u eU=kk% Jqr;% A ukfLr rLekUeU=kJo.k&
izflf)% A yksos JqfrkCn% lkekU;rks osnijr;ksi;qT;r bfr
psr~ A rPNkh;lsrkKkuewyde~ A v=k i;rsna iwoZrU=kLFka
lw = ke~ A ^^Jq f rfyokD;iz d j.kLFkkulek[;kuka leok;s
ikjnkScYZ ;eFkZfoizdkkZr~ A** oSfnD;k% lek[;krks oSfnoa LFkkua cyh;ks
/ke izfr izkek.;s A LFkkua p e% A oSfndkRek}Sfnoa izdj.ka
cyh;% A oSfndkRizdj.kk}Sfnoa okD;a cyh;% A oSfndk}kD;k}Sfnoa
fya cyh;% A oSfndkfk}Sfndh JqfrcZyh;lhfr lw=kkFkZ% A v=k
Jqfr lk{kkPNo.ka drZO;L; oSfndokD;s A izR;{kks fof/kfjfr
rkRi;Ze~ A ,rkork fdek;kre~ A d=kZuiq yC/ks fuR;k _p bfr okns
gsrqjso izFkeefl) bfr Lieklhr~ A uuq ekLrq d=kZuqiyC/ksfjfr
gsrq% A okpk fo:i fuR;;sfr eU=kfyizkek.;k}snkuka fuR;Roa
czwe% A lk/;eso Lekoa eq[;e~ A rk osnkuka fuR;Roe~ A ;%
df}k Hkorq gsrq% A ,oa osnkuka fuR;Ros fl)s eU=koe`kh.kka
xkS.ka dYif;rqa kD;a L;kfnfr psr~ A ,rsukfi gsruq k u Hkorka dk;
fl/;sr~ A ;|fi Hkorka osnkuka fuR;Roa lk/;a rFkkfi r}snizkek.;L;
gsrqRosu iznkZf;rqeso A ,oa p osnL; fuR;Roa LFkkif;rqa rL;So
_XosnHkk;e~ 2
29
izkek.;ekJ;Urs HkoUr% A rL; izkek.;a leFkZf;rqa iquLrL;So

fuR;Roe~ A v;efrlqUnj brjsrjkJ;ks nksk% A vfi p eU=ko.kksDZ ra
okpks fuR;Roa lkekU;r% kCnfuR;Roijr;k p usrqa kD;e~ A
vkpk;ksZ tSfefuk=k okpks fuR;Roa lkekU;r% kCnfuR;Roeso
eU;rs A u oSfndokD;cU/kfuR;Roe~ A ;n;a lkekU;r% kCn&
fuR;RoL; lk/kuk;So ^^fykks**fr rfeea gsraq leqfkuksfr A ,rnso
;qe~ A iw.kkZs eU=kkFkZkfLeUi{k ,o fuojks/kks Hkofr A ^^rLeS
uwuefHk|os okpk fo:i fuR;;k A o`.kks pksnLo lqqfre~ A** v;a
iw.kksZ eU=k% A vL;kfjlks fo:i _fk% A v=k _fkjkRekua lEcks/;
onfr A gs fo:io`.ks dkekuka okZdk; vfHk|os vfHkrks
|ksrekuk; rLeS izrk;kx;s uwua fuR;;k okpk lqqr pksn&
Losfr A ;|=k fuR;Roa okD;cU/kija L;kr~ A rnk _ksjkReu% l
lEcks/kuefxLrqfrizsj.ka u lPNrs A fuR;ks ;a p eU=kks Hkou~&
ersu A dFkefuR;L; _ks% lEcks/kua izsj.ka p fuR;s eU=ks A
fo:ifuR;;sR;soa ina oqeZ bfr psr~ A rnkD;e~ A i`FkDin&
ikBkr~ A fo:ikCnL; :ikHkkookUok;qjkdkkks ok HkoRoFkZ bfr
psr~ A u l izrkfxLrqfrizjs .ksfUorks Hkofr A fofk:iks euq;ksFkksZ
HkofRofr psr~ A lk/kkj.k:i% d ikia roku~ A ,rkkkfu
_kh.kkekRelEcks/kukfu ;UrsU;=kkfi eU=kskq A v=ksekfu
dkfufpnqnkgj.kkfu A ^ûks/k% lqo` izHkjke#n~H;%** bfr xkSreL;
uks/kl vkksZ A ^^bUa le;sZ eg;k ofl** bfr eS=kko#.ks&
oZflL; A ^^,okuwueqiLrqfg oS;nkea uoe~** bfr oS;L;
foeul% A ^^foHkwrjkr foizfp=kkksfpkefxehfGo;Urqje~ A vL;
es/kL; lksE;L; lksHkjs izse/;jk; iwoZe~** A bfr dk.oL; lksHkjs% A
bZkesokRelEcks/kua oDrqa ;qe`ksokZpk fo:i fuR;;sR;=kkfi A
30
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
rLekkkfLr r=k fdefi lk/koa Hkorke~ A vfi p r=k HkonfHkersFksZ

okp% fl)s ok fuR;;sfr foksk.ka fu%lak;a HkonfHkereFk cks/k&
f;rqa u ikj;fr A lUrr;sR;fi rnFkZL; lqopRokr~ A fuR;kfx&
gks=kkfnfkq insosoeso fuR;kCnks fg lUrrkFkZokph A uUoLR;U;r~
izek.ka osnL; fuR;Roa lk/kf;rqe~ A rk Le`fropue~ A ^^vukfn&
fu/kuk fuR;k okxqRl`k Lo;EHkqosfr** A rsu lk/k;keks osnL;
fuR;Rofefr psr~ A d r}pua ikS#ks;e~ A mrkgks vikS#ks;e~ A
ikS#ks;eso A rFkkfi osnewydRokRizek.kfefr psr~ A izkxq brjs&
rjkJ;ks nqokZj% A vfi pk=kkfi okDNCn% lkekU;r% kCnijr;kfi
O;k[;krqa kD;% A ,rsuSoa tkrh;dkfu Le`fropukfu O;k[;krkfu
HkofUr A ;Urs p eU=kk.kka dk;ZRos ekU=ko.kdkfu opukfu A
rskq dkfufpnqnkf;Urs A ^^,rsukxs cz.kk oko`/kLo khok;ks
pekfonkok** A bR;kfjlL; fgj.;LrwiL;kksZ A ^^kalsnqDFka
lqnkuo mr |q{ka ;Fkk uj% A pek lR;jk/kls A** ^^m# O;pls
efgus lqo`ffeUk; cz tu;Urfoizk% A** bfr lk/kkj.kr;k A
^^mr cz.;k o;a rqH;a izo`)oftzo% A foizk vr{ethols A** bfr
dk.oL; oRlL; A ^^vLek bnqLrksea lafguksfe jFka u rso
rfRluk;A** bfr xkSreL; uks/kl% A ^^bUczf;ek.kk tqkLo
;krs kfo uO;k vdeZ A oso Hkklqrkolw;wjFka u /khj% Loik
vr{ke~ A** bfr kkDR;L; xkSjohrs% A ,rsu izek.kcykfkR;k _p
bfr LFkkif;rqa nq%kdfefr LieHkwr~ A vfuR;kFkZ;ksxkk u eU=kk.kka
fuR;Roe~ A ;Fkksnkrskq eU=kskq fo:iuks/kksofl oS;lksHkfjukeku%
iq#kk% lEcksf/krk% A rs p tUeoUrks Hkwyksos A rLeknqnkrkLrs
eU=kkLrRdkytkr bfr u d foKk;sr A vU;kfu p ij%krkfu
oqRld{khofoksnkl nHkkZfrlqJoLrqxzHkqT;qo`k.k[ksy_tzkk&
_XosnHkk;e~ 2
31
EcjhklgnsoHk;ekulqjk/k%ikoZiHz k`rhfu tUeoUeuq;O;fukekfu

eU=kskq izlkuqizlksnkrkfu lfUr A laoknk ;Urs eU=k&
dk.Ms A ;Fkk yksikeqkxLR;czpkfj.kke~ A ;e;E;ks% A ,syks&
oZ;ks% A bna loZefuR;kFkZ;ksxL;ksnkgj.ke~ A czk.kskq pk;e~
vLR;fuR;kFkZ;ksxks Hkw;ku~ A Hk`xoq kZ#f.k%] lR;opkjkFkhrj%] riksfuR;%
ikS#fkf%] ukdks ekSY;%] mkfLrke.k%] tkuJqfr% ikS=kk;.k%]
l;qXokjSDo%] tudks oSngs %] tkjRdkjo vkrZHkkx%] HkqT;qyks k;fu%]
dgksG% dkSkhros;%] xkxhZ okpooh] fonX/k% kkdY; bR;knh&
U;q n kgj.kkfu A Hkorka us r k kcjLokeh cz k .kLFka ccj%
izkokgf.kfjR;soa ukekfrfo;k fo/k;k ok;qijr;k O;k[;k;
oqlq#foUn vkSyfdfjfr iwoZi{kksnkreU;ukekfi fuR;ijr;k
O;k[;krqekoq okso osnokD;kuka losZ kkeI;fuR;kFkZ;ksxnksk% ifjr
bfr r`% rkFkZekRekua eU;ekuks fuke A l p ccjL;
izkokg.ksO;kZ[;kule;s ^îzokg.kL; iq#kL;kizfl)Rokk izokg.k&
L;kiR;a izkokgf.k** fjfr onfr A vKkuewyks;a dkj.kksiU;kl% A
vfLr izokg.k% izfl)ks thoyL; iq=k% ikykuka jktk A ;a izokg.ka
tSoy onfUr A v;eso jktk#kydk; ikfxfo|ka dfFkr&
oku~ A ;k {kf=k;soso izkXcHkwo u czk.kskq A v;eso jktk% fkydk;
kkykoR;k;] pSfdrk;uk; nkYH;k; pkdkkkshFkfo|keqifn&
oku~ A ,rnqHk;a p ;rs NUnksxkuka czk.kksifukfn A lk;.kkpk;ZLrq
Lodh;L; _XosnHkk;L;ksies ;Fkk ehekaldlEiznk;efuR;kFkZ&
;ksxks osnskq ukLrhfr izfrKk; kcjLokfeor~ firkiq=kkH;ka
izokg.kccjkH;ka ok;qlk;qT;a nok eU=kk.kka Hkk;s rq iw.k osne~
vfuR;kFkS%Z iwfjroku~ A d djksrq l lkEiznkf;dks fo}ku~ A rsukpk;Z%
kcjLokeh uksf;rO;% A eU=kk ;Fkk kCnxfrO;k[;s;k% A
32
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vij vkg A osnksk% iq#kO;;ks ukjhO;;ks ok ukfuR;k% A

izfrdYia rnko`fkHkZorhfr gsrksfjfr A v=k d izek.ke~ A
^^lw;kZpUelkS /kkrk ;Fkk iwoZedYi;r~ A fnoa p i`fFko
pkUrfj{keFkks Lo%** bfr eU=ko.kZ% izek.kfefr psr~ A v=k fdefLr
osnksnkrkuka iq#kO;huka ukjhO;huka p cks/koa ine~ A
vtg{k.k;k onke bfr psr~ A folekS ;konuqDra rkonso
r}pua y{kf;rqa izHkosr~ A u rrk% dku O;hjfi A ;fn
O;hjfi y{k;skg lokZ vihR;kifk% A bek ,o y{k;sksek bfr
fofuxeukfojgkr~ A rg nsokukelxzg bfr psr~ A u A
lefdksVkoso fg rs A u O;fdksVkS A vkf/kHkkSfrdk/;kfRed&
oSHkokkfyRokr~ A vfi p osnizkek.;s lk/kf;rO;s ijEij;k ok
rRlk/kuk; rf}jks/kifjgkjk; ok oSfndopua rUewyeU;}k opua
iz k ek.;s u ukofrs f r iz k xs o ks e~ A vU;ks U ;kJ;pkfn&
nksklEHkokr~ A
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oSfnoskq okD;skq rqY;e~ A
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fdfRdr`Zfuk Hkofr A rLek}snk ldr`Zdk% A osu A bZjs.ksfr
cwze% A r=k eU=kdk.Ms ;L; ;L; HkkxL; ;ks ; vk| miyC/kk l
rL; _fk% dF;rs A fuR;fl)L;So eU=kL;k|ksiyfC/kjUrcZfgokZ
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U;% A bZj vkRera eU=keUr;kZfe}kjk _ksjUr%dj.ks izsj;fr A
l r=k i;Urh okxzwiks Hkkksr A ;=k lw{es kCns leosrksFkZ% lw{ea
_XosnHkk;e~ 2
33
Hkklrs lk i;Urh oko~ A vuqHkwfr losZ kkeskk A ;nLekoa

lokZ.;kH;Urjkf.k lfok;kf.k fpUrukfu lw{ekCnleosrkU;so
HkofUr A kCna fouk u ijks{kL; dL;fpnFkZL; HkkueUrcZfgokZ A
rfnnesokhZ.kka eU=knkZueqP;rs A ra p a eU=ke`fkoZS[k;kZ cfg%
izdkk;fr A rfnnesokhZ.kka eU=kdj.keqP;rs A vk|kskkj.keso
dj.kfeR;qip;Zrs A ,oehjokD;Rokp% izek.ke~ A vU;s p
osnk% A bZjokD;Rok}snskq dkj.knkskks uko/kkjf;rqa kD;% A KkuL;
Lor% izkek.;kuhdkjsfi uk=k fdefi ck/kde~ A bZjokD;Rosu
dkj.kxq.kko/kkj.kL;kfi kD;Rokr~ A osnkuka ikjesjRos p
eU=kczk.ks izek.ks Hkor% A ^^rLek|KkRloZgrq _p% lkekfu tfKjs A
NUnkfl tfKjs rLek|tqLrLekntk;r** A bfr eU=k% A ^^vL;
egrks HkwrL; fuflresr|Xosnks ;tqosZn% lkeosnksFkokZfjl%**
bfr czk.ke~ A vfuR;kFkZ;ksxks ukLekoa nkskk; A loZKL;sjL;
loZdkyO;kfiuh Hkkjrhfr izR;qrxq.k% A ;kfu _pka dk;ZRos
iznkrkfu opukfu rsogeFk bZjks oO;% A ^^m# O;pls efgus
lqo`ffeUk; cztu;Ur foizk%** bR;=ksj% ijks{kjhR;k foizk
bR;kRekueso onrhfr oO;e~ A foizkCnL; lkekU;rks es/kkfo&
okpdRokr~ A u cgqopuehjs uksii|rs A eU=kskq _kh.kka p
lEcks/kukfu psjs.kSo f;Ur bR;hrs dks nksk% A fokskr%
lEcks/kua p rL; rL; fofkRokr~ loZKL;sjL; loZdkyO;kfiuh
HkkjrhR;qeso A ^^kk;ksfuRok**fnfr kkjhjdlw=kL; Hkk;s p
kjHkxoRiknk bea i{kehpoz q % A lk;.kkpk;Z iz k ;ks
ehekaldfl)kUrefujkoqoZkfi euq;fuerRokHkkosuSo osnkuk&
eikS#ks;Rofefr onksra fl)kUrehdjksR;so lknje~ A rLekn;eso
i{k mikns;** bfr A v=k fopk;Zrs A v=k i{ks oSfndopuizkek.;knso
34
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
osnkuka ikjesjRoehdrZO;e~ A oSfndopuizkek.;a p osnkuka

ikjesjROkknso A v;eU;ksU;kJ;ks nksk% A ukLR;U;ksU;kJ;% A u
osnizkek.;k}snL; ikjesjRoa czwe% A osnizkek.;a ukesjokD;&
izkek.;e~ A vFk dhkkRizkek.;kr~ A vkokD;izkek.;k}snL;
ikjesjRoe~ A dks;ek% A ;ks osnkuka drkZ l ,ok=kk% A
dksu;ksokskks osnkuka drqjZ hjL; p A vfoKkrukekiwo%Z A osoya
xzUFkdr`ZRoy{k.k% foKkrukekij bfr foksk% A voLFkkfoksk&
ku;ks% A ;dkj osnkaRl drkZ A ;% loZK% loZk% l bZj% A
osnkukd.kZ;Urks o;a dksL; egrks xzUFkL; drsZfr izFkea
i`PNke% A rnkLekdfena izek.keizek.ka osfr ehekalSo u Hkofr A
vuUrja xzUFka ifjkhy;ke% A xzUFks ;nk uke yC/kehj% drsZfr A
rnk ra drkZja fu/kkj;ke% A rfnnekokD;izkek.;e~ A xUFkkUrjsofi
ls;eso xzUFkdkjifjKkuk; ifjkks/kuiz.kkfydk ;rs A lk/kkj.kksfi
euq;ks ;FkkonuqHkwrkFk vk mP;rs A usjRoa r=kkisf{kre~ A
rLeknkokD;Roizkek.;knso ^^rLek|KkRloZgqr** bR;kns%
izkek.;e~ A vuUrjehjokD;Ros fu/kkZfjrs osnL; loZikz ek.;a lqfLFkja
L;kr~ A v=ksneqnkgj.ka Hkofr A Hkkjrs o;e/;k;kUrskq oS;kflD;ka
la f grk;kfefr ;nkoyks d ;keLrnk O;kl ,oeq oka L rrks
O;klizk
s fenfefr cqf)uksRZ i|rs A vfi rq xzUFkdkj ,oeqokaLrrks
O;klizksfenfefr cqf)#Ri|ekuk ;rs A vuUrja O;klizksDrs
;kokSjoa rkok=k tk;rs A vhoqeksZ Hkorka okne~ A rFkkihne=k
de~ A bZjokD;L;So ukokD;L; fujka izkek.;a Hkofr A
ufUona fo#)e~ A ;|kks ok rL; okD;a oqr% izek.ka u L;kr~ A
;ks xzUFkL; drkZ l vkReu% dr`ZRoL; Kkuk; fdefi izek.kkUrja
ukis{krs A r=k rL; u dnkfpnfi izekn% lEHkofr A rLekRloksZ fi
_XosnHkk;e~ 2
35
xz U Fkdkj vkReuks xz U Fkdr` Z R oL; Kkus fujis { kks oO;%

LoxzUFkdj.kL; LokuqHkoxkspjRokr~ A ;fn l vkReuks ukeksnkgjfr
dr`RZ osu xzUFks rg ;FkkuqHkwrkFkZloa knh oO;% L;kr~ A rLeknkRoa
iqjLR;kuqHkwrkuqokndRoa rL; fl/;rhfr psr~ A vkiksrs% drZfj
HkwrkFkZdizR;;s r vk bfr :ia Hkofr A v;a p kCnkFkksZ
fok;izkfi;ZUreso /kkofr u rnuqokfnRoi;ZUre~ A rkkkukekkuka
okD;kfu lokZ.;fi uSo foluh;kfu A feF;kokfnRoL; p
lEHkokr~ A izrs u o;ekf{kike vkokD;L; ewya Kkua Hkze&
izeknkfnnksknwfkra Hkforqa kD;fefr A bneso kkegs r}kD;a
;FkkuqHkwrlaokfn ok feF;k osfr A mHk;L;kfi lEHkokr~ A
r|FkkuqHkwrlaok|sofs r fusraq oDrqoluh;Roa fusraq oDrqofk%
ifjp;ksisf{kr% A v;esrkkeskxq.k bfr A rLeknfoKkrukeks
xzUFkdrqZoZpuknsoskskq lUnHksZkq u o;a fdefi fu/kkZjf;rqa
koqe% A uUosoa ps?kqoakknhfu dkfynklkfndforkuhfr
fu/kkZjf;rqeI;kD;a L;kfnfr psr~ A fokeks kUr% A izek.kxzUFkks
osn% A j?kqoakkn;% osoya lkfgR;xzUFkk% A izek.kxzUFkkuka xkSjoa
oDr`lkis{ke~ A lkfgR;xzUFkkuka u rFkk A iwoZnys drkZ xzUFkL;
xkSjokfrk;k; dL;fpnH;grreL; uke dr`ZRosuksnkgjsfnfr
kfrqa kD;e~ A ukskj=k A kkgsrksjHkkokr~ A v=kkg A vLrq kk&
gsrq% A rFkkfi ukU;ksU;kJ;ks nkskLRo;k oDrqa kD;% A
vkokD;izkek.;kRdr`ZizR;;% A bZjokD;RokRizek.kizR;; bfr
HksnL; kkgsRouiks|Rokr~ A vkokD;izkek.; ,o fg ro
kk A ukokD;izkek.;su dr`ZizR;;s A kkek=ka rq izkek.;a
ukigUrqa koksfr A ;fn Hkoku~ xzUFkdrqZoZdRoa fu/kkZjf;rqa
koq;kknk Hkorks oknksLekuU;;k fo/k;k ck/ksr A osoya Hkor%
36
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
k;k u dkfpnLekoa gkfu% A ,oa psUekLRoU;ksU;kJ;% A osndr`&Z

izR;k;d;ksokZD;;ks% lk{kkRijesja osndr`ZRosu leiZf;rqa
kfukZLrhfr czew % A d% lk{kkRijesj% A ;% ijes O;ksefu txrke~
v/;{k% l lk{kkRijesj% A vUr;kZfei;qnZ klk; rf}Hkwfri;qnZ klk;
p lk{kkfnR;qf% A eU=ks fojkV~iq#kL; izLrqrRokRlosZkkefi nsfguka
rnsdnskRosu loZnsfgrksfi xzUFkleqnk; bZjr bR;sosfr
o.kZf;rqa kD;sfi eq[;Rokxknhuka xzg.ke~ A d bo fojkV~iq#kL;
lk{kknhjL; p HksnLro Hkkkk;ke~ A d Roa fojkV~iq#ka txrke~
v/;{kknU;a eU;ls A u A HkkkkHksnL; gsrqjsk% A czk.Mfofksj&
foo{kk;ka fojkV~i#q k bfr funsZ k% A ;Fkk ^^lgkhkkZ iq#k% lgk{k%
lgikr~ A l Hkwe forks o`RokR;frkkye~ A** bR;knkS
czk.MkfHkekfunsorkReek=kfoo{kk;ka lk{kknhj bfr A ;Fkk A ^^;ks
vL;k/;{k% ijes O;kseaRlks v osn ;fn ok u osn A** bR;knkS
mkjL;ke`fp p ^^rLeknk vtk;Ur ;s os pksHk;knr% A xkoks g
tfKjs rLekkLekkkrk vtko;% A** bfr lw;Zfdj.kchtdi`fFkoh
izfrdkknhukeqRiknua fofki{k ,o lPNrs A ukfHkekfu&
ek=ki{ks A rLekRlk{kkkxrke/;{kks osnku~ rokfuR;=k usna izek.ka
Hkforqa koksfr A czk.ka fRorksfi Lia fofkL; izdj.ke~
voxE;rs A rL; iw.k okD;fena fg Hkofr A ^^vL; egrks HkwrL;
fuflresrXosnks ;tqosZn% lkeosnksFkokZfjl bfrgkl% iqjk.ka
fo|k mifukn% yksdk% lw=kk.;uqO;k[;kukfu O;k[;kukU;L;SorS kfu
lokZf.k fuflrkfu A** bfr A fdeqRlè=k oke;s A izk;%
loZehjdk;ZRos ukse~ A fdfena czk.kopua iqjk.ksfrgkl--- A
vlekfena Hkk;e~
_XosnHkk;e~ 3
37
_XosnHkk;e~ 3
mikskr%
oflL;kksZ A ^^bUk; cztu;Ur foizk%** bfr iquLrL;SoA ^^bUcz
f;ek.kk tqkLo;krs kfouO;k vdeZ A oso Hkk lqrkolw;jw Fka
u /khj% Loik vr{ke~A** bfr xkSjohrsjkksZA ^^reqRok xksreks fxjk
jk;Ldkeks nqoL;fr** bfr xksreL;kksZA ^^vokspke jgwx.kk vx;s
e/kqe}p%A** bfr iquLrL;SoA ^^lfuxk;=ka uO;kale~** bfr kqu%ksiL;A
^^vLek bnqLrksea lafguksfe jFka u rso rfRluk; A** bfr uks/kl
vkksZA ^^mr cz.;k o;a rqH;a izo`)oftzo% foizk vr{e thols**
bfr oRlL;kksZ A vU;kfu pSoa tkrh;dkfu lfUr cgwfu opukfuA
foLrjHk;kkksnkrkfuA vU;nfLr egRizfrcU/kdeikS#ks;Ro&
okfnuke~ A ;fn izopuknsokkZRoa eU=kk.kka rg eU=kskq fo|ekuksgeFkZ&
LrkfkfHkukZfUorks Hkosr~ A _fkokD;kFkZ;ksjlEcU/kkr~ A ;su ;fpra
okD;a r=kkgeFkZLrsuSokUosrhfr okD;LoHkko%A ;|ikS#ks;ks
osnLr=kkgeFksZ uSo u HkforO;e~ A drqZjHkkokr~ A lrk ok loZ&
lk/kkj.ksu HkforO;e~ A u ;r~ fdf}fek=kkfUorsu A u p ;r~
fdfkkfrek=kkfUorsu A eU=kskq ;ekuksgeFkZLrq loZ=k _fk.kk
rkkR;k okUos f r A loZ l k/kkj.;s u leFkZ f ;rq e kD;kfu
dkfufpnqnkgj.kkfu izn;ZUrs A ^^ra Rok o;a ifrexs j;h.kka izkalkeks
38
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
efrfHkxksZrekl% A** bfr xkSreL; uks/kl vkksZ A ^^vfHkRok xksrek

fxjk tkrosnks fopkZ.ks A |qeSjfHkiz.kksuqe%A** bfr xksreLFkkksZ A
^^vga izsu eUeuk fxj% kqEHkkfe d.oor~ A** bfr dk.oL;
oRlL;kksZ A ^^vklqXE;k; lqXE;a izkrkjFksukfuk ok l{k.kh gqos
firso lksHkjh A** bfr lksHk;kZ vkksZ A ^^firq;RZ iq=kks ee dL; tk;rs**A
bfr fgj.;LrwiL;kksZ A ^^xHksZuqloskkeosnega nsokuka tfuekfu
fok** bfr okensoL;kksZ A vU;kkfLr A eU=kskq ;kU;kRe&
lEcks/kukfu ;Urs rkfu rkfkfHkjsokuq;fUrA eU=ksogeFkZ&
LrkfkfHkjsokUosrhR;=ksnefi izcya fye~A v=ksekfu dkfu&
fpnqnkgj.kkfuA ^ûks/k% lqo` izHkjk e#n~H;%**A bfr uks/kl vkksZ
A ^^bUa le;sZ eg;k ofl** bfr oflL;kksZA ^^,ok uwueqiLrqfg
oS;nkea uoe~A** bfr oS;L; foeul vkksZ A foHkwrjkr
foizfp=kkksfpkefxehfGo;Urqje~ A vL; es/kL; lksE;L; lksHkjs
izse/ojk; iwO;Ze~A** bfr lksHkjsjkksZ A ^^rLeS uwuefHk|os okpk
fo:i fuR;;k A o`.ks pksnLo lqqfre~A** bfr fo:iL;kksZ A v=k
fo:i fuR;;sfr }s ins A rFkk i`FkDinikBnkZukr~ A vfi p eU=kskq
ijks{kjhR;k izFkeiq#ks.k rkkh.kka ukeykNukfu cgqkq LFkyskq
;Urs A rnfi eU=kk.kkeikS#ks;Rofojks/ksukkZRos izcya fye~ A
v=ksekfu dkfufpnqnkgj.kkfuA ^^kqu%ksiks `HkhrfokfnR;a
qinskq c)%A** bfr kqu%ksiL;kksZ A ^^;ex es/;kfrfFk% d.o
bZ/k_rknf/kA** bfr d.oL;kksZ A ^^fiz;es/konf=kokkrosnks
fo:ior~A vfjLoUefgozrizLd.oL; Jq/kh goe~A** bfr
izLd.oL;kksZA ^^voho`/kUrxksrek bURos Lrkseokgl%**A bfr
xkSreL; okensoL;kksZA ^^,r;k bU o`.k mDFka okkkZfxjk
vfHkx`.kfUrjk/k% A _tzk% izffHkjEcjhk% lgnsoks Hk;eku%
_XosnHkk;e~ 3
39
lqjk/kk%A** bfr okkkZfxjk.kke`tkz kEcjhklgnsoHk;ekulqjk/klkekksAZ

^^fnoksnklsfHkfjULrokuks oko`/khFkk vgksfHkfjo |kS%A** bfr nSoksnkls%
i#PNsiL;kksZ A nh?kZrekekers ;ks tqtqokZUnkes ;qxs A vikeFk
;rhuka czk Hkofr lkjfFk%A** bfr nh?kZrel vkksZ A ^êgka bUks ;
vkstlk itZU;ks o`feka boA LrkseSoZRlL; oko`/ksA** bfr oRlL;kksZA
^^vxs ;kfg e#Rl[kk #sfHk% lkseihr;s A lksHk;kZ milqq r ekn;Lo
Lo.kZjs A** bfr lksHk;kZ vkksZ A ^^kra ok ;nlq;ZizfrRoklqfe=k
bRFkkLrkSq e=k bRFkkLrkSr~ A vkoks ;L;qgR;s oqRliq=ka izkoks;L;qgR;s
oqRloRle~ A** bfr dkSRlL; xq.kr% lqfe=kL; ukerks nqe=kL;kksZA
_kh.kkekReLrqr;kikS#ks;Roizfrowyk% A vfuR;kFkZla;ksx
osnkukeikS#ks;RooknL; furkUra izfrowy% A v=k r=kHkoku~
iwoeZ hekalkHkk;dkjks ccj% izkokgf.kfjR;soa ina ok;qijr;k O;k[;k;
rkFkZ e kRekua eU;ekuks fuke A lfUr ij%lgkf.k
osnsofuR;O;fokpdkfu inkfu A ;Fkk izkxqnkrskq eU=kskq
xksreknhfu inkfu A vU;kfu p dkfufpRizn;ZUrs czk.kLFkkfu A
Hk`xoq kZ#f.k% lR;opk jkFkhrj%] riksfuR;% ikS#fkf%] ukdks ekSY;%]
fkyd% kkykoR;%] pSfdrk;uks nkYH;%] izokg.kks tSofy%]
mkfLrkk;.k%] tkuJqfrikS=kk;.k%] l;qXokjSDo%] kkSud% dkis;%]
vfHkizrkjhdk{klsfu%] gkfjqerks xkSre%] lR;dkeks tkcky%]
midksly% dkeyk;u%] vk#f.k#kyd%] srosrq%] izkphukky
vkSieU;o%] lR;;K% ikSyfq k%] bU|qek s Hkkos;%] tu%kkoZjk{;%]
cqfMy vkrjkf%] vifr% oSd;%] ;kKoYD;%] eS=ks;h]
ckykfdxkZX;Z%] vtkrk=kq% dk;%] tudks oSnsg%] vky%]
tkjRdkrZo vkrZHkkx%] HkqT;qykZk;fu%] dgksG% dkSkhros;%] xkxhZ
okpooh] fonX/kkkdY;%] fiIiykn%] lqoskk Hkkj}kt%] kSC;%
40
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
lR;dke%] lkS;kZ;.kh xkX;Z%] dkSlY; vkyk;u%] HkkxZoks oSnHk%]

dcU/kh dkR;k;u% & bR;soeknhfu A ,rskkeuqnkrkukeU;skka p
oSfndkukefuR;O;fokpdkuka izdj.kkfojks/ksu fuR;ijr;k
O;k[;kueikS#ks;Rookfnuk drZO;a L;kr~ A kfu rnuqlkfj.kka p
O;k[;kukfu rRizfrowykfu A rkonsk ehekaldkuka ifjgkjks ukofrrs
u ;koRlosZ kka oSfndkukefuR;O;fokpdkuka fuR;ijr;k O;k[;kua
rs lEiw.k oq;q%Z A ;FkkoRifjrks oSknkskks ukkZRoizfr}U}h A fLFkreso
fuR;kFkZkkfyuksfi okD;L; oDr`lkis{kRoe~ A u o;a onkeks
okD;LFkkfu inkfu osukfi oqykysu ?kVk bo f;Ur bfr A
rskkekuqiOw ;soZ rdk HkofrA ;Fkk foo{ka oDr`fHk% inkfu okD;r;k
lxzF;Urs A rLekUegrk iz;su Hkofn~Hk% lkf?krefi kCn&
fuR;RoeLekk ck/krs A
ijs rq ok.kkZ ,o fuR;k% A inskq o.kkZuiq ow hZ
o.kZek=kfuR;Rookn% p roSo A okD;skq inkuqiwohZ dfo&
rk A ins kq o.kkZ u q i w o hZ rq iz F kea
Hkkkkdkjrk A vuUrja yksdO;ogkjokkRlk fofo/ka foifj.kE;rs
p A ,k ,o loZ HkkkkLoHkko bR;kgq% A
vijs izkgq% A ^^bZjdkj
osnkuka lk{kkRikjesjRoL; [k.Mue~ osnku~ A rskq ;L; ;L;
HkkxL; ;ks ; vk|ks yC/kk
l rL; rL; HkkxL; _fk% A dF;rs A bZjokD;Rok}sns kq dkj.knkskks
uko/kkjf;rqa kD;% A KkuL; Lor%izkek.;kuhdkjsfi uk=k fdefi
ck/kde~ A bZjokD;Rosu dkj.kxq.kko/kkj.kL;kfi kD;Rokr~ A
_XosnHkk;e~ 3
41
osnkuka ikjesjRos eU=kczk.ks izek.ks Hkor% A ^^rLek|KkRloZgqr

_p% lkekfu tfKjs A NUnkafl tfKjs rLek|tqLrLekntk;r A**
bfr eU=k% A ^^vL; egrks HkwrL; fuflresr|Xosnks ;tqosZn%
lkeosnksFkokZfjl** bfr czk.ke~A kk;ksfuRokfnfr kkjhjd&
lw=kL; Hkk;LFkys kjHkxoRiknk ,rUereUoxù~ A osnkFkZ&
izdkkdkjLrq rnsrUereoyEC;So ehekaldkukeikS#ks;Roa
euq;fuerRokHkkosu] fuR;RoekdkkkfnofkR;Rosu p leFkr&
oku~ A v=ksna fopk;Zrs ;|I;fLeUers okD;fuR;Rofojks/kks ok;sZr
rFkkfi cgwfu lfUr ck/kdkfu A izFkea ck/kdfena ;Rizkek.;sj&
okD;Ro;ksfjrjsrjkJ;ks nksk% A osnkuka fg izkek.;knhjokD;Roe~]
bZjokD;RokRizkek.;e~ A f}rh;a ck/kde`;k[;knkZue~ A
;FkSrRloZFkkI;ikS#ks;RoL; izfr}fU} rFkk lk{kkRijesjRoL;kfiA
;fn lk{kkRijesj ,o drkZ rnk eU=kskq _fkfrizl ,o u
L;kr~ A l p cgqkq LFkyskq fo|rs A fnek=ka izkxqnkreLekfHk% A
eU=ksogeFkZ_fkfHkjsokUosfr d=kkZ lk{kkRijesjs.k ukUosrhfr r`rh;a
ck/kde~ A bnefi ;Fkk loZFkkI;ikS#ks;RoL; izfr}fU} rFkk
lk{kkRijesjRoL;kfi A fokskr ck/koa oO;e~ A iwo=Z kkgeFkZL;
loZlk/kkj.;esdnsks ok nkZf;rqa lk/;e~ A v=k lk{kkRijesjkfUorRoa
loZ=k e`X;fefr A u pkkkZ.kka Lrks=kk.kkeuqokna ijesjks fut;k
Hkkk;k rokfufr okP;e~ A rs kkeuhjokD;ROkkiks % A
vokZphudky;ksxknkdkkkfnlkfuR;Rofojks/kkk A eU=kskq
ukukfo/kk% izkFkZuk ;Urs A rkrqFk ck/koa osnkuka lk{kkRijesj&
ROkL; A v=k }s vlrh A iw.kZdkeL; dkeizkFkZusR;sdk A lk
pkRekueojka nsorka oksf;sR;ijk A u p ijkFk izkFkZuk bfr
okP;e~ A ,oa ps R iz k FkZ u kfHk% loZ l k/kkj.kkfHkHkZ f orO;e~ A
42
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
nskdkykH;keifjfPNkkfHk A u p rFkk ;rsA ^^vlkS p ;k u

moZjkfneka rUoa ee A vFkksr rL; ;fPNj% lokZrkjks ekkf/kA**
bR;knhU;qnkgj.kkfu A ;skq Hkonh;ks osnkFkZizdkk ,okLenuqowy% A
vojLrqR;kifk ;fn ikjesjk ,o osnk vhf;sju~ A vojk.kkeso
Lodh;dk;kZ/;{k:ikis{k;kfi r=k LrqrRokRizk;s.k A u p
ijkFkZeos kojLrqfrjhjfrfjfr okP;e~A Loklk/;L;kojlk/;L;k&
Hkkokr~ A ,k ijkojfu.kZ; HkoUerkuqlkjs.kk=kkLekfHk% Lohr%A
HkoUrks fg fe=ko#.kk;ZesUkfxok;qlkseuklR;knhuojkuso czqofUrA
bZjL; lokZRedRoksfLRoU;k A rsusjL; ijRoa lk/;sr usj&
foHkwrhuka fe=kknhuke~ A fofo/kLofoHkwfrlsokizjkspuk;kfi foHkwfr&
Lrqfrfjfr psnos efi eq[;a LoLrks=keR;Yia foHkwfrLrks=keso Hkwf;fefr
oSkE;e~ A u p Hkw;lkeYikf/kdkfj.kka loknsr}SkE;fefr
okP;e~ A ijkojLrks=kfok;sfi rkkkf/kdkfjrkjrE;dYiuL;k&
U;k;Rokr~ A ckysH;ksfi iz/kkuxk;=;qinskkfkkiLrks=kknkS
lks i kues . k foHkw R ;kjEHkijeks i la g kjRofu;eks ukLrhfr
foKk;rs A d p ijesj ,o osnkuka drkZ ^^vga jkh leuh
olwuka fpfdrqkh izFkek ;fK;kuke~** bfr hfysukReuks funsZkks
uksii|rs A vkkZRofl)kUrs rq hRokfkdk;k ,rkkks funsZ k miikks
HkofrA d p ijesj ,o osnkuka drkZ ^^vga izsu eUeuk fxj%
kqEHkkfe d.oor~A** bfr LoL; d.osukSiE;a lw;ZL; [k|ksrsuso u
lPNrs A d p ;fn ijesj ,o osnkuka drkZ ^^,rsukxs cz.kk
oko`/kLo khok;ks pek fonkok A mr iz.kks;fHkoL;ks vLekURla
u% l`tlqeR;k ok toR;k** bR;=k iwoksZ kjokD;kFkZ;ksjlfr% L;kr~A
^^pe** bR;=kkLenFkZ% ijesjs.kkUosrO;% A vLekfuR;=kk/;s=kk
euq;s.ksfr u bR;=k p A izkFkZukuka euq;kFkZRos uSoksiiks% A d p
_XosnHkk;e~ 3
43
;fn ijesj ,o osnkuka drkZ ^^vfpfdRokffdrqkfn=k dfou~

i`PNkfe fon~eusu fo}ku~ A** bR;=k LoL;kKku izdVua u
lPNsr A ,oa ^îkd% i`PNkfe eulkfotku**fkR;knkofi A d
p ;fn ijesj ,o osnkuka drkZ ^^,oa lf}izk cgq/kk onUrhfr
foizksDR;uqoknks uksii|rs A d p ;fn ijesj ,o osnkuka drkZ
^^;ks vL;k/;{k% ijes O;kseURlks v osn ;fn ok u osn** bR;=k
lak;ks uksii|rs A LoL; KkrkKkrfok;s ijesjL;kfi loZKL;
lak; bfr ifjgklkLina L;kr~ A ,rkfu LoYikU;I;uoekU;kfu
lck/kdkfuA eU=kczk.k;ks#Hk;ksjfi cgwfu Hkwrkfu pfjrkU;qi&
yH;Urs A la o knk cgo% A rs u kokZ p hudFkkuq o kndRoe~
bZjL;ki|rs A rn~}knka ck/kde~ A v=k rkRdFkkuUrja osnjpus
osnkukekdkkkfnlka fuR;Roa u fl/;sr~ A lxkZnkoso jpus loZK
bZjks Hkkfo k dFkk% dfFkrokfufr oO;e~ A rg ifjferdky&
dFkkek=kdFkua oqrks gsrks% A Hkkfouks HkwrRosu dFkua p oqr% A ,oa
laoknfok;sI;we~ A oSfndk% dFkklaoknk% losfZ i rkfkdkykuqow yk
,o ;Urs A u fg rk;is{k;kokZpka r=kkss[k% A _Xosns izrs
;konsdk rkon~HkkkkkSyh lk;a ;rs A _fkHksns kSyh Hksn A
,oSdL;kkZesoSoa peRdkja iq.kkfr A ,oSdeqilagkjoSy{k.;a
nkZ;fr A bna loZe` ;k[;kuqow ye~ A ;Fkk n;e miekpeRdkj%
ijkkjL;kksZ A :idkfrk;ksfpeRdkjks nh?kZrel% A kCnfp=kRoa
i#PNsiL; A vFkZil
z knks e/kqPNUnl% A bR;kfn A ^^;w;a ikrLofLrfHk%
lnk u%** bfr izk;ks ofl% lwkU;qilagjfr A ^^fo|keska o`tua
thjnkuqe~ A** bR;xLR;% A ^îzkreZ{kwf/k;kolqtxZ E;kr~** bfr uks/kk%A
^^c`g}nse fonFks lqohjk%** bfr x`Rlen% A rkks fe=kks o#.kks
ekegUrkefnfr% flU/kq% i`fFkoh mr |kS%** bfr oqRl%A
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
44
vkfnosnehekalk
izFkea izkek.;dk.Me~
izFkea izdj.ke~
osnkikS#ks;Ro[k.Mue~
bUa foL; jktkua czk.ka cz.kka ifre~ A
+
lakks/; eU=kjkk fuf/kfeo xqa egkUrek;kZ.kke~ A

lkja ifjxÙr% oqeksZ o;ekfnosnehekalke~ AA 2AA
iz R ;{kkuq e kuo}s n k% iz e k.kfeR;=k

ehekalderkuqokn% oSfnderkuq;kf;kq u dL;kfi fookn% A
dkj.ks rq ijh{kdk.kka efrHksnks Hkofr A
r=k ehekaldks czwrs A ^^fuR;% kCn% A kCnkFkZlEcU/k fuR;% A
vr% kCnks KkrlEcU/kL; Jksrq% fdefi KkueqRikn;sr~ A Kkua p
Lor% izek.ke~ A dkj.knkskko/kkj.ka rniokn% A vU;Fkk uoLFkk
L;kr~ A ikS#ks ;skq okD;skq iq#kcqf)nksklEHkokkkU;L; KkuL;
vkfnosnehekalk
45
izkek.;eiksfnra Hkforqa kD;e~ A u rFkk osnokD;tU;KkuL; A

os n kuka d=kZ u q i yC/ks g s Z r ks j ikS # ks ; Rokr~ A lfr fg dkj.ks
nkskkkodkk% A uUofLeUi{ks izrs ftKkflrkFkZ_Xosn% ikS#ks;
,o HkforqegZfr kkdydk[;kfykfnfr psk A izopukfn;e~
vk[;k A u dr`RZ okr~ A izopua p fofke/;kiueuU;lk/kkj.ke~
v/;;ua ok A uUofokskr% lokZf.k okD;kfu ikS#ks;kf.k okD;kFkZL;
inkFksZH;ks fHkkRokr~ A inkFkkZuka inlEc)Rosfi okD;kFkksZ fg
iq#kcqf)lEc) bfr psr~ A u A inkFksHZ ;ks okD;kFkZL;kfHkk Rokr~ A**
v=k fopk;Zrs d inkuka fuR;RokPNCnL;
fuR;Roe~ A vkgksfLo}.kkZuke~ A uk|% A
infuR;Ro[k.Mue~
laLrHkkkktU;izkrinkuka lkfnRoL;
izfl)Rokr~ A u osoya izkrinkuke~ A rkU;nskHkkkkinkuka
p A uuq laLrHkkkkinkU;so fuR;kfu A rkork pfjrkF;
osnkikS#ks;Rookfnu bfr psr~ A
r=k d izek.kfefr i`PNke% A cyoRizek.ka fouk laLr&
kCn:ik.;l[;kfu fuR;kuhfr dks ok J/;kr~ A ukfLr
izR;{ke~ A vkdkkkfnonnkZukr~ A izR;qr izfrowya izR;{ke~ A
mRifkfujks/knkZukr~ A
uUoFkZizR;k;dRokPNCnL; fuR;Roeuqeh;rs A iwoZeofLFkrsH;
,o kCnsH;ksFkZizR;; mii|rs u lk|LosH; bfr A ;koqRifk&
fujks/kkoqP;srs rs vfHkO;ffrjks/kkus A vr ,o inkfu l`tkehfr
tuks u izR;srhfr psr~ A
46
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
us n euq e kua LFkkrq a iz H kos r ~ A fyL; uS d kfUrdRokr~ A

mRifkfujks/kon~fHkjfi kCnSjFkZizR;;ks fg ukuqiik% ,oa tkrh;d%
kCn ,rfLekFksZ orZr bfr O;ogkjlkSd;kZ; lsr% A mRifk&
fujks / korhH;ks gLrps kH;kFkZ i z R ;;ks yks o s ;rs A
y/kqRokPNCnkusokFkZizR;k;uk;kJ;Urs tuk% A rnqekpk;sZ.k
;kLosuA ^^v.kh;LROkkk kCnsu laKkdj.ka yksos A** bfr A fu?k.Vq&
1- 2- A vfi p laLrHkkkkinkuka rnsrnFkZizR;k;dRoa fya
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uUososukskkj.k;su laO;ogkjksFkZlEcU/k u kD;srs drqZfefr
psr~ A ; mkkj;fr u lksFkZlEcU/ka djksfr A lsrku~ foKk;
futefHkizk;a ijLeS izdVf;rqa kCnkUiz;quf vuqonfr ok
lsrrksFkZcks/koa ijdh;a okD;e~ A r=k KkrlsrL;So
Jksrjq FkZiRz ;;% L;kr~ A ukKkrlsrL; A fulxZr ,o ;fn kCnksFk
cks/k;sr~ A vKkrlsrkFk x`h;kr~ A yksos fi=kkfnfHk% rkfu
euq;O;fukekfu kkskq kkdkjS% rkfu ikfjHkkfkdinkfu p
lsrcyknsokFk cks/k;fUr ;Urs A rLekk oDrqa kD;a euq;S%
kCnkukeFkZ l EcU/k% drq Z e kD; bfr A vFkZ i z R ;k;uk;
kCnlsrkudkkZq% osfi iwosZ egkUr% iq#kk% A u rskka p ifj.kkeks
u O;ogkj/kkjk;ke~ A lsrkuka oSfo/;kUewyHkkkkoSfo/;e~ A
ifj.kkekn~ H kkkkrks HkkkkUrjks R ifk% A ,rRlo Hkkkkro&
ijh{koScZgwfHkjuqekufunkZuSu/kkZfjrfefr uk=k forU;rs A
laLrHkkkkifj.kkeL; fnek=keqkj=k iznkZf;;ke% A
o.kkZukeqRifki{ks kCn:itkfrkq lsrxzg% A vfLeUi{ks
vkfnosnehekalk
47
kCnL;kskkj.ka ukedj.ke~ A rRltkrh;kCnlaLdkjLr=k

fufekek=keso Hkosr~ A
vfHkO;fi{ksfi u inkuka fuR;Roe~ A o.kkZukekuqiwO;sZ.kk&
fHkO;tuL; iq#kk;kRokr~ A o.kkZ ,o fg frfUr O;kfiu% A u
inkfu A o.ksHZ ;% inkfu ukfrfjP;Ur bfr psr~ A lR;e~ A vr ,o
o.ksZH;% i`Fku frfUr LorU=kr;k inkuhfr czwe% A ;fnnefera
kCnoSHkoe~ A lo.kZizLrkjL; efgek A o.kZizLrkjkuqiwO;sZ.k
o.kkZfHkO;tus izfrfrfr A vkuqiOw ;s.Z kkfHkO;tua p iq#kk;ke~ A
rLeknfuR;kfu inkuhfr fl/;fr A inkfuR;Roa uke o.kZe&
cU/kkfuR;Roe~ A rFkkfi inL; o.kZfuR;RokRinkfu fuR;kuhfr
;|kxzg% A vLrq uke rkka fu#ioa fuR;Roe~ A rk
izkrnskHkkkkinskq euq;O;fukelq o`f)xq.kkfnkq ikfjHkkfkdinskq
fujFkZoskq [kdfpdkfn kCn:iskq p rqY;e~ A
oLrq r Lrq
;n~ O ;kidkuka
o.kkZukefHkO;f#P;rs( lk p
inLFko.kkZfuR;Rolk/kue~
;Fkknska o.kSd
Z nskHkwrkuka rjk.kka
oO;ks u iw . kkZ u ka o.kkZ u ke~ A ;fn O;kidkuka o.kkZ u ka
iw.kZr;kfHkO;ffj;sr rg Dofpnqkk;Zek.ka kCna loZ% loZ=k
x`h;kr~ A l p rjks fufekO;kikjokk}k;qokkkykk; bo
O;kidk{kjegksn/kkoqRi|rs A rkyoÙrpkyuokkUegkok;kS
ok;qrjk}k A ;Fkk tyrjks tye;LrFkk o.kZrjks o.kZe; bfr
u i`FkXoO;e~ A fufekO;kikjkkUrkS lo.kZrj% LoizfrHkwrs
o.ksZ foyh;rs ;Fkk ok;qO;kikjkkUrkS tykk;rj% ;Fkk ok
48
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
rkyoÙrO;kikjkkUrkS ok;qrj% A ;=kkoj.kkixes ukfHkO;fLr=k

;FkkfLFkrL; iw.kZL;SdnskL; oksiyfC/k% lw;Zor~ A ;=k
desZfU;O;kikjs.kkU;su ok rkksukfHkO;f% r=k lw{er%
LFkw y rjiz k nq H kkZ o ks okP;ks ok;q o r~ A o.kZ f ok;s u o;a
deI;koj.kkixeeuq H koke% A fufekO;kikjoks u fdefi
lyuesokuqHkoke% A vfHkO;ks o.kZrj fufekcykuqlkjs.k
eUks e/;eLrkjks ok Hkofr A fufekLoHkkokuqlkjs.k Lojfokska p
izi|rs A ;a d.BLojekgq%A vkoj.kkixes ukfHkO;kohk&
fokskklEHko% A rLekRiq#kiz;fuik|% izfriq#ka fHkkLojks o.kZrj
,okLekfHkjuqHkw;ekuks o.kZ% A u ;Fkk fLFkrks O;kid% A u ok ;Fkk
fLFkrL;Sdnsk% A bZkks o.kZrj% iq#kL; dk; ;fn u Hkosr~ rg
?kVksfi iq#kL; u dk;Ze~ A oqykygLrO;kikjkfnuk fufeksu
d;kI;kR;kfHkO;k e`fkoSo fg lk A rFkk p o.kkZuka
fuR;Roi{ksfi o.kZlewg% intkyLFkksuqHkw;eku% ikS#ks; bfr
fl)e~A
vFk iqujkg A Hkorq o.kkZukeso fuR;Roa ewyHkwrkuke~ A in:ik.kka
rq izokgfuR;r;k fuR;RoeqP;rs A vfHkO;tdiq#kijEijk;k
vukfnRosu izokgfuR;r;k fuR;Rokr~ A
,oefi u rs dk;Zflf)% o.kZfuR;RoL; HkonfHkera iz;kstua
xre~ A vfHkO;tdiq#kijEijk;k% ik.kkS ifrrkfu ifj;ekukfu
kCn:ikf.k A ,rsu lalkjizokgs fuR;Roeso oS;kdj.kSfjo Ro;k
kCn:ik.kkeqDra L;kr~ A vLR;so ikS#ks;Roa Hk;je~ A
vnkskRoeso izkek.;lk/koa kCnL; ukukfnRoe~ A vuknkofi
vkfnosnehekalk
49
iq#kijEijk;ka O;keksgL; lEHkokr~ A oLrqroa rq izkxqe~ A

vFk iqujU;;k ;qk ehekald%
izR;ofrrs A mDra kCnkFkZ;ks%
kCnkFkZlEcU/kfopkj%
lEcU/kks fuR; bfr A Roa cwzks
lksfrd% rd bfr A usfr cwze% A ;fn rdLrg lEcU/k&
drqZukZe foLerqZekD;e~ A rLeknuqeh;rs kCnkFkZlEcU/k% lgt
bfr A ,oa psnuUrkCn:ik.kka i`Fko~ i`FkxofLFkrRoa izlT;srsfr
psr~ A u o.kSZjsokLekoa dk;Zfl)s% A ina ok cks/k;snFkZe~ A o.kksZ ok
cks/k;s}.kkZUrjlaLdkjlfgr% A yk?kok}.kZ bfr czwe% A ;qDrs A
vFkZizrhfrdkys inL;kfUreks o.kZ ,o fg ;rs A iwosZ HkofUr
frjksfgrk% A iwoZo.kZtfurlaLdkjlfgrL;kfUreL; o.kZL;ksifj
frsnFkZizR;k;uHkkj% A rFkkfi o.kZL; o.kkZUrjlaLdkjRiq#k
vki|srfs r psk A ,d=kkdkksofLFkrkuka o.kkZuka ijLijlkZ.koksu
fofo/klaLdkjlkfgR;L; lEHkokr~ A
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HkoUrq o.kZ r jk% A HkoUrq ok ;FkkfLFkro.kS Z d ns kk% A
o.kZRoizR;;knsokFkZizR;;% A rLekUewyo.kkZukeso cks/kdRoa
fl/;sr~ A ,oa fLFkrkukeso o.kkZuka cks/kdRos fl)s lsra fouk
cks/kdL;kuqiifkokZfjrk L;kr~ A mHk;Fkk cks/kdRoL; lEHkos
kCnkFkZlEcU/k% rdks ok okP;% lgtks ok A vk|s drqZoLej.ka
ifjgk;Ze~ A f}rh;su fdfr~ A rLekk?kokn~f}rh;% i{kks
T;k;ku~A
50
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vU;r gsrks}rh;% i{kks T;k;ku~ A ;fn kCnkFkZlEcU/k% rd%

rg drqZ% izko~ iq#kijEijk;ka laO;ogkj ,o u L;kr~ A
v=k fpUR;rs A d kCnkFkZ;ks% ijLijlEcU/k% lgt% \ mrkgks
kCnL;kFksZu A uk|% A vFksZ rkkekRedkCnL;kJo.kkr~ A kCna
foukfi izR;{kkuqekukH;ka vFkZirz hrs A u f}rh;% A kCnJo.ksu
losZkkeFkZizrhR;nkZukr~ A ;% kCnks Kkrlsrk;kFk cks/k;fr A
l ,okKkrlsrk;kFk u cks/k;fr A ,oeUo;O;frjsdkH;ka
lsrxzg.kknsokFkZcks/k bfr fl/;fr A uuq ;% kCnJo.ksukFk u
izfri|rs reKkrlEcU/ka cwze% A uSkk ;qf% A ;% lgt% l dFka
u Kk;sr A vrhfU;Rokfnfr psr~ A dL;fpnfi ukFkZizR;;% A
vrhfU;lEcU/kL; nqoKs;Rokr~ A minskkf}Kk;r bfr psr~ A
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lgtlEcU/kokfnfHkjI;hdrZ O ;e~ A kCnkFkZ ; ks % rd
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fg izR;{ke~ A ;Fkk ;qf/kfjkfnfHkukZefHk% ik.Mokxztkn;ks O;;%
izrh;Urs rFkk ?kVkfnfHk% kCnS% oqEHkkn;% A lEcU/kxzg.ksu
dff}kskks ;rs A ;su oskkfr~ lksfrd% oskkfRlgt%
lEcU/k bfr foHkT; Kkrqa koq e% A u drqZ oLej.ka lEcU/klgt&
RoL; Lo:ie~ A u okFkZizR;;ksidkfj A
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iwot
Z furlaLdkjlfgrRoa p iq#kL;kskkj.kdkys ok \ mrkgks izkxso
ok A vk|s laLdkjL; iq#kiz;fuik|RokRlaLdkja fouk o.kZL;
vkfnosnehekalk
51
cks/kdRoklEHkokk iq#kk;ka L;kPNCnkFkZlEcU/kdj.ke~ A f}rh;s

rkklaLdkjlfgrSdo.kkZfHkO;tusuSo dk;Zflf)% A vuqHkos
RofHkO;Drskq u dfRiq#k;fujis{k% laLdkjfokskks ;rs
o.ksZkq A ;ks ;rs foksk% l pkskkjdkfLoHkkofokskewyd% A
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bfr ;nqP;rs lkfi ;qfjlkjk A Jo.keU;r~ vFkZizfrifkjU;k A
mHks vfi KkusA ,oa Jko.ke~ A vU;nkUrje~ A r;ksO;Zo/kkuL;
lw{eRosfi ikSokZi;ZeLrhR;hdrZO;e~ A rLeknFkZirz hfrdkys ukfLr
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% l ,o laLdkjks
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lw{ek ok.kh i;UrhR;qDra Hkofr A ,oa p fLFkrkukesokdkks
o.kkZukeFkZcks/kdRofeR;srRizR;qDra Hkofr A iq#klsrfujis{ka
o.kkZuka cks/kdRoizR;k[;kus uSo kCnkFkZlEcU/kL; fuR;Roa izR;qDra
L;kr~ A vFkkfi izfrik|kq);s Hkw; ijh{kkegs A
vf; ! vkfr% inkFkZ bfr ro fl)kUr% A lk d tkfr% A mrkgks
tkfrfye~ A mHk;Fkk fg ;Urs kkskq iz;ksxk% A ;skkekfrtkZfr&
fya rskkekrsjU;ktkfr% A ;nkgkpk;ksZ xkSre% & ^^vkfr&
tkZfrfyk[;k A lekuizlokfRedk tkfr%** A bfr U;k;lw=ke~
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ikrtys egkHkk;s & ^^;kg rn~fHkksofHkka fNksofPNka lkekU;Hkwra
52
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
l kCn% A usR;kg A vkfrukZe lk A** v=kkfrkCnsu tkfr&

#P;rs A tkrsjso fPNksofPNkRokr~ A
tkfrjsokfrjLrq A ,oa psfnna i`PNke% A tkr;% d LorU=kk%
lfUr txfr \ mrkgks O;ogkjlkSd;kZ; iq#kcqf)dfYirk% \ ;fn
LorU=kk% r g O;kfnH;% i`FkxuqHkw;js u~ A u pkuqHkw;Urs A ;=k
nsonkks euq; mP;rs u r=k nsonkkRi`Fkeuq;ksuqHkw;rs A nsonkL;
euq;RosukuqHkwfrjso lkekU;kuqHkwfrfjfr psr~ A u osoyfe;a
lkekU;kuqHkwfr% fokskkuqHkwfr Hkofr A O;is{k;k euq;Roa
Hkorq lkekU;e~ A rFkkfi izkf.kRokis{k;k Hkofr foksk% A ,oeso
inkFkZ% lkekU;a Hkofr foksk A vu;ks% ijLijfo#);ksjuqHko;ks%
dFkesd=k leUo;% \ osukI;kfrfoksks.k lUra nsonka foyksD;
rferjizkf.kH;ks foHkT; f}ikRLoUrHkkZO;iq#k vkg euq; bfr A
rnsrf}HktueUrHkkZoua p iq#kcq)s% LoHkko% A ;kfu fykfu L;q%
du inkFkZferjsH;ks foHkT; oDrqe~ ( vU;skq inkFksZkq pkUrHkkZO;
oDrqe~ ( rkfu O;xq.kdeZH;ks ukfrfjP;Urs A rkfu fykfu
HksndRos foy{k.kku~ /kekZukgq% A lxzkgdRos lekuku~ /kekZu~ A
rLekk fya foksk% lkekU;a ok A iq#kL; xzkgdL; O;ko`k&
cqf)oksk% A vuqo`kcqf)% lkekU;e~ A vFkok oS/kE;Zewyd&
Hksncqf)oksk% A lk/kE;Zewydk Hksncqf)% lkekU;e~ A vr ,o
O;xq.kdekZ.;so lr% inkFkZukgq% A lkk pk=k iq#kcqf)fujis{kk
fLFkfr% A lkekU;fokskkS iq#kcqf)rU=kkS inkFkkSZ Hkor% A u LorU=kr;k
Lr% A vr ,oksekpk;sZ.k d.kknsu & ^^lkekU;a foksk bfr
cq)is{ke~A** bfr oSksfkdlw=ke~ 1-2-3 A d Qfyre~ A
ehekaldkfHkizsr% kCnkFkZ% iq#kcqf):i bR;qDra Hkofr A ;fn
vkfnosnehekalk
53
kCnkFkZlEcU/k% iq#klsrfujis{k% rg inkukekfrjFkksZ u

L;kr~ A vkfrg O;ogkjlkSd;kZ;iq#kcqf)dfYir% inkFkZ% A
cqf)dfYirRoa uke cqf)y{k.kRoa rrksO;frjsdkr~ A uUosoa psnfuR;k
izlT;sr lkk A u A rL;k lokZuqxrewycq)sjO;frjsdkr~ A ,oa
psnLekoa vkr;% oqrks u fuR;k% L;q% A fok;k/khucqf)Rokfnfr
cwez % A vr ,o rk vijlkk bR;qP;Urs A ;|fi oLrqr% kq)fpwik
lkSdk rFkkI;qikf/kokkgq/kk izfrHkkfr A
uuq O;xq.kdeZ.kka fu;ra fdefi :iekfr% A rnuqlR` ;So iq#kL;
cqf)juqo`kk O;ko`kk ok Hkofr A ls;ekfr% LorU=kk A u
iq#kcqf)rU=ksfr psr~ A vkrsZO;xq.kdeZH;ksFkkZUrjRoa u
fl/;sr~ A rfk;r:iL; rrksO;frjsdkr~ A vLrq dk gkfufjfr
psr~ A fl/;fUr xkseuq;kfnkCnkukekr;ksFkkZ% A u czk.k&
{kf=k;kfnkCnkuke~ A ukfLr fg fdefi fu;ra :ia czk.kRokfn&
izo`fkfufeka euq;s A ;nfLr oakfoksktRoa tkfrfya u rkL;
fu;ra :ie~ A
vU;r gsrks% kCnkFkZlEcU/k% lksfrd% A ;fn lgt% yksos
ewyHkkkkckgqY;a u L;kr~ A Hkkkkrks HkkkkUrjksRifk u Hkosr~ A
lgtkFkZlEcU/kRosu dhrrkuka laLrkCnkuka yksdO;ogkjs
izpkfyRokHkko u Hkosr~ A
;nq P ;rs la L rHkkkkkCnkukeFkZ l EcU/kL; lks f rdRos
rLekRls r r% iz k o~ la O ;ogkjkuq i ifkfjfr A rnus u
O;k[;kre~ A lEizR;fi fg u rSyksZos laO;ogkj% A vLrq izkxfi A
54
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
;k dkfpRlgtkFkZlEcU/kk HkkkkhdrZO;k iqjk laO;ogkjk; lSo

laLrHkkkkfLRofr psr~ A iq#kk.kka kCnL; fulxsZ.k izk;ks
o.kkZRedRokkskka fokskSjso izFkea Hkkkksn;% A ikRif.MrSLrL;k
,o y{k.kSuwZruinla;kstusu laLdj.ksu fu;ecU/kusu p Lo:ia
fdefi forU;rs A rLekkkhdk;kZ lgtkFkZlEcU/kk;k dkfpn~Hkkkk
,oa lkekU;r% kCnL; ikS # ks ; Rofl)s o s Z n kuka ikS # ks ; Roa
cyknfuPNrkI;hdrZO;a L;kr~ A
;nqP;rs d=kZuiq yC/ksonZs k vikS#ks;k bfr A r=k gsrfq UR;% A izrL;
_XosnL; kkdydkek;k[;k izopuk}k Hkorq A i`Fko~ i`FkxqiyH;&
ekukuka eU=kHkkxkukesdlafgrk:ifucU/kuk}k Hkorq A r=k
ukLekdekxzg% A izkphu_fkPNUnksnsorkuqef.kdkfn}kjksiyC/kk
_k;ks e/kqPNUn%izHk`r;Lrq u kkdyoRifjgrq kD;k% A
vleke~
_Xosnfoekuh
55
_Xosnfoekuh
mikskr%
vL; ys[kL; izkjfEHkdksak% uksiyH;rs A
---vH;grkukeYikPrjiwofZ uikrL;kfi izrs oDrqa kD;Rokn;e~
vgsrq% A fl)kUrekg A rku~ izR;srnqP;r bfr A iwoZi{kewy&
gsrksjos kfl)Rokk fdfnfi oO;e~ A vFkZKkuL; rq ;KkuqkukFkZ&
Rokfnfr A L;kk.kkuke~ A u eU=klafgrkukefi A czk.ksofi
uksifuknke~ A mifuknkeFkZKkua u ;KkuqkukFkZfeR;kpk;ksZ&
I;hdjksrhfr eU;s A rLekUeU=kk.kkeFkZKkua ;KkuqkukFkZfeR;ak
,ok=k foe`;rs A d fofu;ksxrks ;KkuqkukFk eU=kkFkZKkue~ A
mrkgks rkRi;Zr A ;fn fofu;ksxr% L;kr~ rg cz;KkFkZefi
Hkosr~ A tikFkZefi Hkosr~ A ikjk;.kkFkZefi Hkosr~ A ,rsofi fg
fofu;qT;Urs eU=kk% A bkikkS vFkZKkus ;tqosZnL; izk/kkU;a Ro;k
lk/kf;rqekD;e~ A tiikjk;.kcz;Kskq _Xosnizk/kkU;L;
Ro;SokhrRokr~ A kaluknkfoo tiknkoI;FkZKkuko;dRoa u
osukfi okjf;rqa kD;rs A uuq cgoksfoKkrkFkkZ vfi tiikjk;.k&
cz;Kku~ oqokZ.kk ;Ur bfr psPNalukfnoqoZUr ;Urs
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ukukeq[kRokr~ A oLrqrLrq izek.kHkwrkU;kkZnkZukU;ykSfddkFkZ&
56
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
cks/kuk;So izo`kkfu A Dofpkokoxr;s Dofp|ksxlk/kuk;

DofpRdeZH; ;ksFkZ mi;qks Hkofr A vkkZeU=knkZukuka ;Fkk
iz e k.kRoa rFkk ifo=kRoeI;Lrhfr ;kfKoS ;Z K s kq ]
tkidizHk`frfHktZikfnkq p] fofu;qRoeqii|rs A u rkork rskka
loZrkseq[ka izek.kRoa foLerZO;e~ rkka loZrkseq[kizek.kxzUFka dks
uke rkRi;Zrks ;Kkuqkuksi;ksfxRosu lfpra drq koq;kr~ A
,dfLeUdeZf.k fofu;qL; eU=kL;kU;kFkZRoa u ;qfefr
oDrq e kD;e~ A RoUers I;s d L;S o eU=kL; cgq kq deZ l q
fofu;ksxnkZukr~ A ;Fkk vfxehGs iqjksfgrfefr eU=kks cz;Ks] tis]
mikdekZe.Mykfngkses p fofu;qks Hkofr A izkrjuqokd vkxs;s
rkS p fofu;q % lw kUrxZ r Rokr~ A vfi pkFkZ K kuL;
;Kkuqkuksi;ksfxRoeU;r~ A fofu;ksxksU;% A r=kkFkZKkuL; u
lEcU/k% A kCnr ,o fg fofu;ks x ks Hkofr A ;Kkuq kus
fofkQyk/kk;dRoa ;Kkuqkuksi;ksfxRoe~ A r=kSokFkZKkuL;
lEcU/k% A vFkZKkulfgrL;kskkj.kL; fofkQyk/kk;dRokr~ A
u osoyeFkZKkua eU=kk.kka ;Kskq fofkQyk/kk;dRok; A vfi rq
tikfnofi A ;Ktikfnoa foukfi izek.kkUrjkxkspjfok;ifjKkuk;
p Hkofr A rLeknsdnskrks ;Kkuqkuksi;ksfxRoeoyEC;kFkZKkuL;
rq ;KkuqkukFkZRokfnR;qf% kiFkek=ke~ A rRizk/kkU;a dkfpxsokgsfrA
_xkg _fRotka dekZf.k A u osnkuka rjreHkkoe~ A rLekfnna
fpUR;e~ A ;KL; ek=kkLo:ia fofeehr bfr A vfuks gkseL;
rRdeZRokfnR;FkZ%A ;tq;Ztrsfjfr A ;ksx:f<jsos;e~ A ;kT;kfnofi
;tfr ;ksxkr~ A vU;Fkk gksr;Ztsfr iszj.ka u lPNsr A rLekksna
fuoZpuelk/kkj.kRosu ;tqkka ;kxfuikndRoa lk/kf;rqa koq ;kr~ A
v/o;qZlEcfU/kfu ;tqosZns fuika ;KkjhjeqithO;sfr A bna
_Xosnfoekuh
57
fpUR;e~ A v/o;qZofuikn;rq uke ;KL; ek=kke~ A u rkork

;tqosZn ,o ;KL; ek=kka fofuikn;rhR;FkksZ oDrqa kD;% A
v/o;q
Z rkukefi ;KsfLFkkuh;kuka eq[;kuka gksekuka gksri` ;z ksT;&
;kT;kewydRokRizR;qr _Xosn ,o ;KL; ek=kka fofuikn;rhfr
oDrqefq pre~ A _fRoDizk/kkU;kuqlkfj r}snizk/kkU;feR;kikrr ,o
je.kh;% fl)kUr%A iw o Z i {kks n krkuka f}rh;r` r h;prq F kZ &
gsrwukeifjrRok|tqosZnizk/kkU;oknL; nkScZY;a lqrjka Lie~ A
izFkeL; ;KlEc)Rokn~f}rh;L; izkek.;lEc)Rokk r;ksjFkZ&
izk/kkU;lwpdRoa usfr oDrqekD;e~ A r`rh;s p u osoyeqkkj.kk;
loSZfjrjSosZnSjkfnosn vkf;rs A fofkkFkZizfrikndRoknso rkk
vknj% A oLrqrLrq osnkuka izek.kRoa ifo=kRoa p rqY;eso Hkofr A
rLekk rskq rjreHkko% dYiuh;% A _Xosnks cgqfok;kocks/kd
brjs rnis{k;kYifok;kocks/kdk bfr foksk% A u rkork
rkjrE;dYiua ;qe~ A izek.kRoikouRo;ksosZnRoiz;kstd;ks%
loZ=kkfokskkr~ A cgqHkhuh czk.kkfu HkofUr A ,d=k yk?k;fUr
_pe~ A ;}S ;KL; ;tqkk lkek f;rs fkfFkya r|pk
r<feR;k|qnkgj.ke~ A vU;=k yk?k;fUr ;tq% A rL; ;tqjso
fkj% _Xnf{k.k% i{k% lkekskj% i{k bR;k|qnkgj.ke~ A brj=k
yk?k;fUr lkekfu A _pka lkejl bR;k|qnkgj.ke~ A HkkkLrk%
lokZ m;% osnln~Hkkoa lk/kf;rqa iwoZi{kekjp;fr A uuq osn ,o
rkokkLrhfr A vuko;dks;a iwo%Z i{k% A miyH;ekua xzUFka ew<ksfi
ukLrhfr cwz;kr~ A ; osna ukhdjksfr l osnks ukLrhfr u czw;kr~ A
vfi rq osn% dkO;kfnoRrd% A rLekRizkek.;s izek.kkUrjlkis{k
bR;so cwz;kr~ A u fg r=k y{k.ka izek.ka pkfLrhfr A vLR;so izek.ka
Jko.kizR;{ke~ A oLrqlkk rq izek.kesokis{krs u if.Mrra
58
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
y{k.kefi A izek.kfl)L;So oLrqu% lkekU;fokskkH;keoxeuk;

if.MrSyZ{k.kkfu f;Urs A y{k.kizek.kkH;ka fg oLrqflf)&
fjrhfr A fde=k y{k.ka if.Mrre~ A mrkgks yksdizfl)a fdefi
Hksnde~ A vk|s if.Mrk ,os;a i`fFkoh ek vki bfr tkuh;q% A u
ikejk%A f}rh;s dkukns% dkukfnRosuSo flf)uZ okfnRosu
rLek}Lrq f l);s iz e k.kes o kye~ A y{k.ka rq if.Mrra
oLrqfoosdk;sR;uo|% iUFkk% A vLrhfr fu;% flf)% A lr%
lkekU;foks kkH;ka Kkua foos d % A x` g hrL; inkFkZ L ;
DofpRlkekU;eso yksdizflf)}kjk x`sr u foksk% A ;Fkk
ouLirhukefoKkrkuka izR;{ks A Dofpf}ksk ,o x`sr lkekU;a
;Fkk dkuL; xzg.ks A r=kkfi u ;koRlkekU;xzg.ka u p
;kof}kskxzg.ke~ A ,oex`ghr;koRlkekU;fokskL;kfi oLrqu%
izR;{kL; flf)% osu ok;sZr A izR;{kkuqekuksiekukxesfofr A
vkxek[;a izek.ka osn bR;FkZ% A ^^vkxek[;% izek.kHkwr%
dfPNCnjkfkosZn bfr osnL; y{k.ke~ vfLr A rLek}snksfLr**
bfr rkRi; iwoZi{kkuqlkjs.k ;fn i;ke% A u eUokfnLe`frofr&
O;ksfjfr A usfr iwoZif{k.kk d y{k.kesokf{kI;rs A mrkgks r}kjk
osnln~Hkko ;fn y{k.kek=ke~ vkf{kI;rs osnln~HkkoehR; A
rg fl)kUrhpfjrkFkZ% A osn ,o rkokkLrhfr iwoiZ {kL; ifrrRokr~
;fn rn~}kjk osnln~Hkkokf{kI;r bR;qP;sr A rg vfrO;kfnksknkua
u lPNrs ;ko{;O;kfiqj%lja y{;kUrjO;kiua frO;kf% A
y{;ln~Hkkokuhdkjs uSrr~ fl/;sr~ A oLrqrLrq ukfrO;kf% A
Le`rhuka Lo;eizek.kRokr~ A izR;{kosnfojks/kgsrqnkZunkskjfgrk%
Le`r;ks osna f[kyeuqeki;fUr A l pkuqferks osn% izek.ka Hkorhfr
fg nkkZfudkuka fl)kUr% A le;cysusfr A vuqekfirosn}kjSo
_Xosnfoekuh
59
Le`rhuka lE;Dijks{kkuqHkolk/kkuRofefr u r=k y{k.klfr% A

vikS # ks ; Ros lrhfr foks k.kkfnfr A kcjLokfeiz H k` r huka
ersu;s eqf% A u osnL;kfi ijesjfuerRosufs r A iwoiZ {kh osn
,o rkokkLrhfr Loi{keqRl`T; lu~ osnks ukikS#ks;% ijUrq
ijesjfuer bfr i{kk; kjkfnereuql`R;k;kr bfr fp=ke~ A
vH;qixE;okns ok y{k.kesokf{kI;sr dFka osnL; ln~Hkko% A
iz k xq kfrO;kfjs o uq x rk Hkofr A kjhj/kkfjthoiq # k&
fuerRokHkkokfnfr A vikS#ks;ins iq#kkCnL; kjhj/kkjh tho
,okFkZ bR;FkZ% A u lgkhkkZiq#k bR;kfnJqfrfHk& fjfr A bna
fpUR;e~ A L;kkke fokjhj% ijesj% A rFkkfi u thodksfVLFk%A
rLekRiwoZif{k.kksfkukfrO;kf% A :<sjuqlkjs.k thokCnks u
ijekReij% A rLeknk{ksik.kkeodkkk; thokCnLR;O;%
kkokD;s A deZQy:ikjhj/kkfjthofuerRokHkkoek=ks.ksfr A
ijesjkjhja fg foe;eU;}k ek;kdfYira u deZQy:ie~ A
u thofokskSfjfr A bna fpUR;e~ A ukfxok;qlw;kZ thofokskk% A
vfirq ijesjL;So dk;ZHksnkn~fHkkek;kdfYirksikf/keR;ks
foHkwr;% A ;Fkkskj=k fu:if;;ke% A bZjL;kXU;kfnizsjdRosusfr A
bna okD;a izf{ka L;kr~ A vU;Fkk iwoZif{k.k% iqu% kk;k
vuodkk% A vifjgk;ZL; lek/kkuL; fefyrRokr~ A ;|k{ksqa
kD;esosnefi lek/kkua rnukf{kI; dFkeqkj=k pyua lPNsr A
eU=kczk.kkRed% kCnjkfkfjfr A xzUFkkUrjkf.k rq eU=kczk.k&
fHkkkU;so fg HkofUr A rLek{k.kL;kL; Dofpnfi ukfr&
O;kffjR;FkZ% A u bZkks eU=k bZka czk.kfeR;u;ksfjfr A v=k
us f r iw o Z i f{k.kk d y{k.kes o kf{kI;rs A mrkgks eU=k&
czk.kLo:ikfoosd ,o izdk;rs A uk|% nkskL;kiznkZukr~ A
60
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
iznkrks gsrqkKkuewyd% eU=kczk.kfoHkkxL; izkpka xzUFkskq

LiRokr~ A izrk _o~lafgrk rq fu%lak;a loZeU=ke;h A
rLekf}rh; ,o Hkofr A rfnna iwoZif{k.kLrkRi; Hkofr A ukga
tkukfe eU=kczk.kfoHkkxe~ A rLekks y{k.ka ukhdjksfe A ;fn
onfl bZkks eU=k% bZka czk.kfefr rg rosna y{k.kehdrq
kD;a L;kfnfr A v| fl)kfUru vkpk;ZL; Hkkjks y?kq% lao`k% A
eU=kczk.kfoHkkx ,o rsu nkZf;rO;% A rnk y{k.kokUosn% A l
pkLrhfr iwoiZ {khlUrÌ;sr~ A voflr ,rkork y{k.kiwoiZ {kdksyk&
gy% A ukfi rRln~Hkkos izek.ka i;ke bfr A mDrefLr Jko.ka
izR;{kfefr A vkRekJ;Roizlkfnfr A uk;ekRekJ;% A u _Xosna
Hkxoks /;s e hR;kfnokD;a os n L; lkka lk/k;fr A
Jko.kizR;{kfl)L; dL;fpPNCnjkksukZefoHkkxeso djksfr A
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kuRoeso [k.Mr bfr psr~ A bnefi u lPNrs A lk/k;fnna
okD;a osnokD;a u ok A vk|s fl)k osnlkk A f}rh;sukRekJ;% A
oLrqrLrwiyH;ekuL; xzUFkL; lkka lk/kf;rqa u kCnizek.kkis{kk
A izR;{kkfnoa kfrqeI;;ksX;fefr A bna opua lkglewye~ A
Jko.kizR;{kL; lokr~ A pk{kqkizR;{kL; p fyfi}kjk A osnfok;k
rq yksdizflf)fjfr A fdek`.orks yksdL;Skk izflf)fjfr HkzkfUr%
A d k`.orksfi Jo.ka feF;k A mrkgks osnknU;% ,ok;efxehGs
iqjksfgrfeR;kfn% Jw;ek.k% kCnjkfkfjR;rks
HkzkfUr% A uk|%
A cgqfHk% Jw;ek.kRok}snL; A u f}rh;% A vckf/kr& KkuRokr~ A
u r`rh;% A losZkka ukeka O;ogkjewydRok}ogkjL; pkfxehGs
iqjksfgrfeR;kns% kCnjkksosZnukedRosuqowy A
vlekfena Hkk;e~
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
61
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
izFkea e.Mye~
izFkelwL; Hkk;e~ 1
izFkeksuqokd%
izFkekos izFkeks/;k;%
Hkk;knkS eykpj.kyksd%
bUa foL; jktkua
czk.ka czkfHkuqZre~ A
vkRekua loZHkwrkuka
oU|a oUnkegs o;e~ AA
lwe~ 1
vfxfefr uopZL; lwL; oSkfe=kks e/kqPNUnk _fk% A vfx&
nsZork A xk;=kh NUn% A
vfxehGs iqjksfgra ;KL; nsoe`fRote~ A
gksrkja j/kkree~ AA 1AA
Hkk;e~ & ;KL; nsokjk/kuL; A iqjksfgra iqjksfgroksrkje~ A gksrkja
62
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
_fRote~ nsokuka ;kxs gksrùkede`fRota nsokkudeZfcHkzk.ke~

bR;FkZ% A j/kkree~ vfrk;su jkuka ikskf;rkje~ A vx nsoe~
vfxukeoa nsorkRekue~ A bZGs LrkSfe vgfefr ksk% A
eU=kL; gks=kk iz;ksT;Rokn=kkgainkFkZ% drkZ gksrsfr lk;.k% A u
osoya gks=kk iz;ksT;ks;a eU=k% A v/;s=kk p cz;Ks iz;ksT;ks
Hkofr A eU=kL; _ksokZD;Rokfk% drsZfr rq ;qe~ A fl)a eU=ka
iz;qtkuks Hkko;rka ukekRekua Lrqrs% drkZje~ A lksU;ks fok;% A
i`fFkohkjhj vkRekfxukZensorkRek Hkofr A vx i`fFkohLFkkua nsoa
dFk;rka izkpkeqfHkkSZfrdkfxiznkZuek=ks.k u r`k L;kr~ A r`k
psnfxjpsruk nsork izlT;sr A uuq i`fFkohyksdoklh du iq#k&
fo/kksfxnsZoks Hkorq A fl/;R;soe~ A rFkkI;U;ks nksk% L;kr~ A
i`fFkO;psruk izlT;sr A u pskifk% A ukukfo/klpsru&
ekrqjpsruRokH;qixeL;kU;k;Rokr~ A oSfndrnh;Lrokuk&
euFkZdRokiks A Hkorq lpsruSo dks nksk bfr psr~ A rg i`fFkO;so
egrh psrukorh iz/kkunsork izlT;sr A vfx rf}Hkwfr% A
yksdokL;is{k;k yksdL;ksRROkkr~ A rkkfue~ A izkphuSjxs%
iz/kkunsorkRosukH;qixekr~ A rLek|Fkkseuo|e~ A ,rkkskj=k
lUnHksZkq Hkw;ksfi fu:if;;ke% A
i`fFkO;k vUrjkRek vfxjso ikFkokuka izkf.kuka losZkkeUrjkRek
Hkofr A ra oSkujekgqoskka ujk.kke;feR;FkZ;ksxkr~ A i;r
PNkUnksX;ksifukfn oSkujfo|ke~ A oSkuj% dF;rs r=k losZkk&
ekRek A vfxjsok=k kjhfj.kka okfxfU;a Hkofr A rekgqtkZrosnla
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
63
tkrkfu osnkafl KkukU;LekfnR;FkZ;ksxkr~ A ^^vfxokZXHkwRok eq[ka

izkfokr~ A** ,srjs;ksifukn~ bR;knhfu kkopukU;=k izek.ke~ A
ikFkoks HkkSfrdkfxnsZoL;kxsjU;k foHkwfr% A
HkkSfrd:is.k gO;kfu xù~ okfxfU;:is.k eU=kkuqkkj;u~
tho:is.kkRekueiZ;u~ vfx;ZKa u;fr A rfnnexs;ZKiqjksfgr&
Roe~ A
dFkefxnoZs kuka ;kxs gksrk A v=kSk fopkj% A ijekReuks fnO;foHkwr;ks
;RipfUr foe~ A l nso;kx% A r=k egk;kxs l=k;kx bo ;tekuk
,o _fRot% A vfxLr=k ;tekukukeU;re% A _fRotka e/;s gksrk
p Hkofr A nsokuka ;kxs nsokuka kua dFkeqiikfefr psr~ A
;tuHkwfeLFkfnO;foHkwr;ks ;tekuk% izns kkUrjfnO;foHkwr;ks ;tuh;k
bfr Hksnsu kuksiifk% A bg i`fFkO;so nso;tuHkwfe% A v=kkskek;
ikdk; i`fFkO;UrjkRek HkxokufxeZ/;ekskeyksdLFkfnO;&
foHkwrhjk;rs A ,rnxsnsZorkuka ;kxs gksr`Roe~ A
v;a p nsokuka ;kxs u osoya i`fFkO;ke~ A vLekoa kjhjskq p pysr~
;fn o;eodkka nn~e% A lkReleiZ.kk fujgkjk fu%lYik
egkikdkfHkeq[kh fLFkfrjsokodkknkue~ A v=k thokfxjos ;tekuks
gksrk p Hkosr~ A rfeeek/;kfReoa nso;kxeUr;kZxekgq%A
vFk ukefuoZpue~ A vxz.khinL;kuhinL; ok fora :iefxfjfr
;kLdks eU;rs A vxza u;fr nsokukexza iz.kh;rs ;Kskq osR;xz.kh% A
vkfu lkeekuks u;fr dkkfnoa izfr vkfu izkf.kuka u;fr
64
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
pky;fr tho:is.k osR;uh% A voksiuinL; fora :iefxfjfr

LFkkSyhhfoukZe fu#dkjks eU;rs A u oksi;fr sg;rhR;oksiu%
:{k.k bR;FkZ% A ,fr ngfr u;fr psR;;unX/kuh% r=kk;ukndkja
nX/kkdkja p x`ghRok uhfjR;=k nh?k Loa oqeZsnfxfjfr :ia
fl/;rhfr kkdiwf.kukZe fu#dkjks eU;rs A ,R;uf u;rh
R;;ukuh% A rLeknk|Urin;ksjd
s k{kjxzg.kfodj.ks izkXor~ A vkr~
ddkjL; xzg.ke~ A rL; p xdkjknsk% A rsukfx:iflf)fjfr
kkdiw.ksjso erkUrje~ A ,rS% izkphufuoZpufokskSjLekoa }kS
pkfjf=kdkS fok;kS fofnrkS Hkor% A yksdO;ogkjeuqlR` ;kfLr xhokZ.k&
Hkkkk;k vfi ifj.kke bR;sd% A izkpkefi O;ogkjs yk?kok;Sddk{kj&
xzg.ka ukeH;% iw.kZukekFkZizR;;k;kH;klLFkfeR;ij% AA 1AA
vfx% iwofZs Hk_ZfkfHkjhMks uwruS#r A
l nsoka ,g o{kfr AA 2AA
Hkk;e~ & iwosZfHk% izkphuS% A _fkfHkeZU=kn~fHk% A mr d p A uwruS%
uoS% A _fkfHk% A bZM% LrqR;% A l% izfl)% A vfx% ikFkoks
nso% A nsoku~ vU;ku~ nsorkReu% A bg nso;tuHkwekS A vk o{kfr
vkogrq vku;fRoR;FkZ% A
cfg;kZxs nsokukeku;ua rnh;eu%lfk/kkiue~ A vUr;kZxs
rnh;fnO;kflfk/kkiue~ ,oeqkj=kkI;we~ AA 2AA
vfxuk jf;ekoRikskeso fnos fnos A
;kla ohjokee~ AA 3AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
65
Hkk;e~ & vfxuk dj.kHkwrus A fnos fnos izfrfnue~ ikske~ ,o o/kZ&

ekueso A ;kla ;kks;
q e~ A ohjokee~ vfrk;su ohjiq=kk|qirs e~ A
jf;e~ /kulEine~ A vkor~ izki;q kr~ A ;teku bfr ksk% AA 3AA
vxs ;a ;Ke/oja for% ifjHkwjfl A
l bsoskq xPNfr AA 4AA
Hkk;e~ & vxs A Roe~ v/oja glkjfgre~ A ;e~ A ;Ke~ A for%
loZr% A ifjHkw% vfl O;kks Hkofl A l% br~ l ,o ;K% A nsoskq
nsoku~ A xPNfr izkiksfr A
iz k P;kfnprq nxUrs okgouh;ektkZ f y;xkgZ i R;kx h /kz h ;&
LFkkusoxs% ln~Hkko ,o forksO;kffjfr lk;.k% A rfLeUi{ks
fuR;;Kkukelxzg% A lkse;kxskq p u dL;fpRifjgkj% A HkkSfrd&
TokykfHk% leI;Zek.kL; gfok% ij;k okpkskk;Zek.kkuka eU=kk.kke~
vkReuLrstlk leI;Zek.kL; eul ifjHkouexs;ZKs forks
O;kffjfr okfl% A
;KL; glkjfgrRoa p ikqglkjfgrrRoesosfr _tqjFkZ% A
jk{klkfnrglkjfgrRofefr lk;.k% A izrs ^ûfxuk loZr%
ikfyra ;Ka jk{klkn;ks gflrqa izHkoUrhfr rnqk ;KL;k/ojksi&
ifk% A eU=ks l ,okFkZsnqf v/ojkCnL;kss;foksk.kRoa
okD;lEiznk;fo#)e~ A rfLekFksZ ;a ;Kefx o r% iky;fr lks&
/ojks Hkorhfr okD;a L;kr~ A rLekRikq;kxizkkLR;j{k.kk;So r=k
Hkokuhka iUFkkueoyfEcrokfufr oO;e~ AA 4AA
66
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vfxgksZrk dforq% lR;f=kJoLre% A

nsoks nsosfHkjkxer~ AA 5AA
Hkk;e~ & gksrk A dforq% kUrizK% A Lok;khrizK bR;FkZ% A
lR;% vkReLo:i% A fp=kJoLre% vfrk;sukn~Hkqrdhr% A
vfx% A nso% A nsosfHk% nsoS% lg vk xer~ vkxPNrq A
vxsnsZokukeku;usu nsoS% lgkxeua O;k[;kre~ A nso;tuHkwekoxs
lfk/kkua pk=k lk{kkRizkF;Zr bfr foksk% AA 5AA
;nnkkqks Roexs Hka dfj;fl A
roskRlR;efj% AA 6AA
Hkk;e~ & v Hkks% A vxs A Roe~ A nkkqks leiZdk; A ;r~ A Hka
eye~ A dfj;fl A vfj% gs vkuka jl okxzwi gs vfuka jl
vkRe:i ok gs vfjks uked _fkRosukorh.kZnsosfr ok A rr~
rUeye~ A ro br~ roSo A lR;a vforFke~ A bnfefr ksk% A
nsorkReukfxuk nka deZQya thokRekfxHkqZuhfr nsotho;ks&
jHksnesoa eU=kks je.kh;;k HkX;k onfr A
deZ Lo;a ujeI;iwoeZ Rq ik| rn~}kjk ;tekuk; Qyizna HkorhR;sd%
i{k% A vkjk/ku:iRokRdeZnos rk;k% izhr lEikn;sr~ A izhrk p nsork
;tekuk; Qyiznk L;kr~ A vyeiwod
Z YiusuRs ;U;% i{k% A beeqkja
i{ka ;nsfr eU=ko.kksZ uqx` kR;=kkx%s QyiznRosukfHk/kkukr~ AA 6AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
67
miRokxs fnos fnos nkskkoLr/k;k o;e~ A

ueks HkjUr ,efl AA 7AA
jktUre/ojk.kka xksike`rL; nhfnfoe~ A
o/kZekua Los nes AA 8 AA
Hkk;e~ & vxs A fnos fnos izfrfnue~ A nkskkoLr% uDra fnoe~ A
cfg;kZxi{ks lk;a izkrfjfr yk{kf.kdksFkZ% A vUr;kZxi{ks okP; ,o
fokkyksFkZ% A f/k;k cq)k A ue% ueLdkje~ A cfg;kZxi{ks Roa
egkuqR bfr Hkkoe~ A vUr;kZxi{ks vUosk.keq;k ekueq;k
ok fkjLrks n;k;koufre~ A HkjUr% fcHkzk.kk% A o;e~ A Rok Roke~ A
mi lehis A vk befl vkxPNke% A mikLegs bR;FkZ% AA 7AA
dhka Roke~ A jktUra izdkkekue~ A v/ojk.kka glkjfgr&
;Kkuke~ A xksika j{kde~ A _rL; lR;L;kReLo:iL; A nhfno
izdkkde~ A Los Lodh;s A nes cfg;kZxi{ks x`gs A vUr;kZxi{ks
kjhjs A o/kZekue~ v{kh.ke~ AA 8AA
l u% firso lwuosxs lwik;uks Hko A
lpLok u% LoLr;s AA 9AA
Hkk;e~ & vxs A l% A Roe~ u% vLeH;e~ A lwuos iq=kk; A
firso A lwik;u% kksHkuksik;u% Hko A u% vLekde~ A LoLr;s
ve`rRok; A lpLo leosrks Hko A vLekfHk% lgsfr ksk% A mik;u&
kCnL; ns;oLrqkq yksos :f<% A lk;.kLrq rL;k=k izkfek=keFk
eU;rs AA 9AA
68
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
izFkea e.Mye~
izFkelwL; Hkk;e~ 2
vFkkrks oSkfe=kL; e/kqPNUnl vkk xk;=kekxs;a lwDra O;k[;k&
L;ke% A r=k uopksZ HkofUr A rkfLo;ek|k Hkofr A
Hkk;e~ & iqjksfgrekgouh;kReuk iwoZL;ka fnfk fgrfefr ;kLd% A
iqjksfgroRdk;ZlEikndfefr lk;.k% A nsokuka iqj%ljRokr~
iqjksfgrfefr ijs A vxsoZ;a izFkeL;ke`rkukfeR;U;=k fuxe
Hkofr A iwoZ;kseZr;ks;ZKL;sfr lEcU/k% A mkjfLeUers ;KL;sR;L;
nsofeR;usu lEcU/k% A nsoefHkekfuua iq#kfo/ke~ A nsok% firjks
euq;k bfr iq#kfo/kk ,o fg O;of;Urs A ,rsukpsruLrqfr&
oS;F;Zkk okfjrk A rstks nso ,o lu~ ;KL; p nsoks Hkofr
izFke% A u iqu;ZKL;So A vfirq okp bR;I;kg A _fRota gksrkja
okxkRedRokRlosZ kka p nsokuka krkje`fRote~ A gksr .kke`fRotka
yksos u nsglEcU/kk)ksrR` oe~ A vfirq okX}kjSo A lk p okxfx:isfr
loZ=kkfxjso gksrk cks)O; bR;qDra Hkofr A vfxokZXHkwRok eq[ka
izkfokfnR;knhfu czk.kkfu pkk=kksnkgrZO;kfu A vUr;kZxs ok gksrkja
ukeRota okxkRedRokr~ A nf{k.kk okX/kkrsfr czk.ke=k Hkofr A
j/kkreefrk;su jkuka JsoLrwukeqiklosH;ks ns;kuka /kkjf;&
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
69
rkje~ A vfxe~ A bZGs LrkSfe A gks=kk iz;ksT;RokUeU=kL; gksrk=k

drsZfr lk;.k% A uSkk ;qf% A u osoya gks=kk iz;ksT;ks;a eU=k% A
v/;s=kk p cz;Ks iz;qks Hkofr A miklosukfi tis iz;qks
Hkofr A _fkjso drsZfr ;qe~ A rL; fg eU=kks okD;a Hkofr A ;L;
okD;a l _fkfjfr dkR;k;u% A dks;efxukZe A ;fn osoya
;KokpksjfHkekuh nso% A rnkRos b)w;rs gfofjR;kfn u lPNrs A
rLekkst ikFkoa l Hkofr A ;KokpksjfHkekuh p l Hkofr A uuq
ikFkoL; T;ksfrkks gO;okguRok|KkfHkekfuRoeqii|rke~ A
okxfHkekfuRoa dLekr~ lEcU/kkr~ A rstkse;h okfxfr psfnrj;ks
T;ksfrkksfjg Hkkx% A rstLRofokskkr~ A vfokskkkst ,okfxHkZorq A
ok;ksjfx%A vxsjki bR;knkS lkekU;r% rst% ijesokfxina i;ke
bfr psfnna fl/;fr A vU;=k rq nksk% A vkxs;skq lw;sZU;ks Hkkx%
L;kfnfr psr~ A ikFkoeso T;ksfrHkZorq izrksfx% A o;a u onkeks
oko~ lkekU;L;kfxnoZS rfefr A oko~ prqizdkjk ;rs A ijk i;Urh
e/;ek oS[kjh psfr A r=k ijL;kLrq nSora ijesokfora lRinokP;a
rst% A i;UR;k vkfnR;% A e/;ek;k ek/;feoa rst% A oS[k;kZ
v;esokfx% A mii|rs p oS[kjh:iL; gksr`Roe~ A vFk ;KL;
ikFkosu T;ksfrkk lEcU/k% izR;{k% A ikFkoL; T;ksfrkks okp
nsor;k lg dhk% lEcU/k bfr ehekalk A LoLokfeHkkolEcU/ks
rknkRE;kuqiifk% A u pkkfHkkolEcU/k% LFkkuHksnkr~ A ukfi
Lo:ilEcU/k% A Hkw r s f U;ns o rkReuka lq r jka Hks n kr~ vLrq
Lo:ilEcU/k ,o A uuwDra HkwrsfU;nsorkReuka lqrjka Hksnkksfr A
vfo|;So rkr Hksnks Hkklrs A kkjhja rst ,o kCnk;ekua okx~
Hkofr A kjhja p i`fFkohrks ukfrfjP;rs A uUoLrq HkwrsfU;;ksjsoa
roe~ A nsorkRek dFka ikFkoksfx% A mP;rs A ;Fkk i`fFkO;k% lkj%
70
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
kjhje~ A rFkk kjhjL; lkjks n;e~ A v=ks;eqifukn~ Hkofr A ^^;k

oS lk i`fFkoh A b;a okolk ;fnnefLeUiq#ks kjhje~ A vfLeUghes
izk.kk% izfrfrk ,rnso ukfrkh;Urs A ;}SrRiq#ks kjhje~ A bna oko
r|fnnefLekUr%iq#ks n;e~ A vfLeUghes izk.kk% izfrfrk ,rnso
ukfrkh;Ur** bfr A n;kxsjLenUr;kZfeuks nsorkRek izFkeks
ukU;% A lksfHkekfuuks fokf;.kks foKkukReu% Lo:ia Hkorhfr
osfpr~ A vUrj vkRek HkorhR;U;s A mHk;a p rkRi;sZ rqY;e~ A
reUr;kZfe.ka osnkUrk% dFk;fUr A l ,o oSkuj% A dFka rL;
nsorkRofefr psr~ A ijLeknO;frfjRokr~ A ^û ra fonkFk ;
bekttkukU;|qekdeUrja cHkwos**R;U;=k fuxekfLefUok;s
Hkofr A dFka rL; iq#kfo/kRofefr psr~ l lw{e% iq#kfo/k ,o A
^^vek=k% iq#kksUrjkRek lnk tukuka n;s lfkfo** bfr
kgq% A loZL;kfi izFkeksikldL; LokUr;kZfer ,okuqxzg bR;qDra
Hkofr A l pkfHkekfuua HksnqijftreqikldeU; bokuqx
` kfr
A l ,o Kkfuuk LokReRosukuqHkw;rs foKkuL; fg l vkRek A
rUewyRokkL; A r=kSoksijrRokk A beesokFk Hkxokuqkyd%
iq = kk;ks i fnns k A ^^roelhfr** res o a f=kfoHkw r HkxoUra
izFkee`k;ffHkukZefHkjfHkqofUr A rkU;srkfu HkofUr A vfxtkZrosnk
oSkuj bfr A Hkwrexh:<s% A bfU;a tkrosnk% A okpk fg lokZf.k
Kkukfu tk;Urs A vUr;kZeh oSkuj% A foskka fg ujk.kkeskks&
Urj% A LrqfroHksnknsoSdefi uke loZxq.keqii|rs A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
71
vFks;a f}rh;k Hkofr A

Hkk;e~ & iwosZfHk% iqjkruS% A uwruS#r uohuS A _fkfHkeZU=k&
`fHk% A bZM bZfMrqa kD;% A lksfx% A nsoku~ A bg deZf.k A
vko{kR;kogrq A ns o kuka vkkua gks r ` R os u O;k[;kre~ A
_fkfHkfjR;usuSrnkg A uku`fk;ZFkkon~HkxoUra Lrksrqa koq;kfnfr A
uwruS#rsR;usuSrnkg A ukRoa dkylkis{kfefr A
vFks;a r`rh;k Hkofr A
vfxuk jf;ekor~ ikskeso nos fnos A
Hkk;e~ & vfxuk lqgqrsu lwikflrsu ok lk/kuHkwrsu A fnos fnos
fnus fnus A ikskeso o/kZekueso A ;kla ;kks;qDra ik=kskq
fofu;ksT;Rokr~ A ohjokeefrk;su ohjiq#kksisre~ A v=k ohjk
ohjRoxq.k;qk% iq#kk% iq=kikS=kkn;ks foo{kUrs A Hkksxsu lwi;ksxsu p
rs /kusu lEc/;Urs A bna ohjRoa ;nfofPNkkfxRoa A u p ukfLr
rL; inL; fokUrRoeFkZ% A j; /kue~ A vkor~ A izkikfs r A vkjk&
/kd bfr ksk% A fdeXU;kjk/kuL; iq#kfuO;Zis{keiwoZtuu}kjk
Qynkr`Roe~ A vkgksfLonkjk/kurqkRQyfefr lak;% A r=k izFkea
i{ka tSfeuh;k% J;Urs A f}rh;a cknjk;.kh;k% A mHk;a p fo/k;k
72
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
d;kfpnfoizfrfk)a eU;rs okfl% A u deZf.k deZf.k Qya nkrqa

iq#kks O;ki`rks Hkofr A vL; deZ.k ,rRQyfefr dkffk;fre~
,o rokfufr fon~e% A ykSfddkU;fi dekZf.k fu;rQykfu
;Urs A ,oeso oSfndkU;fi dekZf.k HkforqegZfUr A fu;fr&
dkjdRokRiq#kkRQyksiifk% A lk{kkRdeZr% A fu;frcytU;k
Qynkr`Rokfjso deZf.k /oLrsI;/oLrk ehekaloSjiwoZlaK;k
O;of;rs A d lw;Ze.MykUroZrhZ iq#k% deZQykuka fu;r
roku~ A mrkgks oSkuj% A iwoZ ,o Hkorq A uuwDra ^^l pkfHkekfuua
HksnqijftreqikldeU; bokuqx`kfr** bfr A uk;a fojks/k% A
fu;froknkLekoa izk;ksokn% A ukLekfHk#P;rs loZFkkI;uqxzkgd
mke bfr A vfi rq fofgrdeZQyfu;frdkjd ,osR;qe~ A
miklukfrk;kfnr ,okuqxzg% L;kr~ A u r=k fu;R;is{kk A
vFks;a prqFkhZ Hkofr A
Hkk;e~ & gs vxs A ;e~ A v/oja glkjfgra ;Ke~ A for% loZr%
ifjHkwO;kZ% A vfl A l bRl ,o ;K% A nsoskq A xPNfr A ukU;
bR;FkkZr~ fl/;fr A HkwrkReuk osn O;k% A _fRotks okxkReuk A
oSkujkReuk p ;tekuL; n;e~ A bna =k;a p ;ks osn rL;So ;Ka
izFkeks forks O;kks Hkofr A ;ks u osn rL; ;Ka O;kiqokI;O;k
,o L;kr~ A rL;kgqr;% lokZ vfi ikpdkx;s nkkuhU/kukuho u
iz;kstuk; Hkos;q% A bnesokg l bsoskq xPNrhfr A dFke/ojks
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
73
;K% A glkjfgrRoknso A fuR;sfxgks=ks u dkefi glka i;ke% A

;K fuR;knfxgks=kkkkfrfjP;rs A uuq T;ksfrksekn; ;Kk
mP;Urs A rsI;/ojk bR;kg A r=k /oj oS/kRokk /oj% A rFkkfi
;KL;k/ojlaKk dFkeqii|r bfr psr~ A ;=k /ojks /ojks usR;ko`k
oqeZ% A ijLRokg A T;ksfrksekn; HkoUrq ;Kk% A HkoUrq
pk/ojk% A oS/k/ojO;k[;k;ka rq o;a fHk|kegs A ;s ekalHkqtLrkuso
l/ojfof/k% lk{kkRLi`kfr A l p fu;ek; A ;fn ekalekkfr
nsosH;% leI;Z gqrkskekh;kfnfr A ,rsu fir`H;ks ekalkiZ.kfof/k
O;k[;kr% A ^^nsoku~ firURleH;P;Z [kknUekala u nkskHkko~** bfr
Le`frSresokFk Lihdjksfr A ;% loZFkk fuo`kekalLre;a fof/kuZ
Li`kfr A _rkS Hkk;kZeqis;kfnfr fof/kuZ fg okuizLFka ck/krs A uuq
glkfuo`fkek=kQys;ksfrksekfn% ra ;KSuo`kekalkuke~ A
u A u o;a glkfuo`k;s T;ksfrksekfnfjfr A r=k ekalkgqfrjso
glkfuo`fkQyosfr cwze% A fouk ekalkgqr djksrq ;Ka fuo`k&
ekal% A ;Fkk ekalkiZ.ka fouk Jk)e~ A uUosoa izkpka dYiksukr%
L;kr~ A u A vfLr qik;% A ;Fkk izkpka dYi vkr% L;kr~ A ;Fkk
p ;kx% lekalks u L;kr~ A l d% A fisu dfYir% ikq% A vfLr p
oskkffPNkukesk vkpkj% A
vFks;a ieh Hkofr A
vfxgksrZ k dforq% lR;f=kJoLre% A
Hkk;e~ & gksrk A dforq% kUrizK% A lR;% dky=k;sI;ck/;% A
74
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
fp=kJoLreksfrk;su fp=kdhr% A vfxnsZo% A nsosfHk% nsoS% lg A

vkxer~ vkxPNrq A
vFks;a kh Hkofr A
;n nkkqks Roexs Hka dfj;fl A
roskRlR;efj% AA 6AA
Hkk;e~ & v Hkks% A vxs A nkkqks gfonZkors Hkk; A Roa A ;r~ A
Hka eya A dfj;fl A rUeya A gs vfj% A roskoSo A
lR;eforFke~ A rokuqxzgkRlEikks HkwRok ;tekuks Hkw;LrqH;eso
n|kfnfr ;kor~ A vuqxzgizkk lEinik=kskq fofu;qk u L;kfnfr
eU=kn;e~ A dFkefjk vfx% A ;nkuka jlLrnfjk vfxfjR;sos A
;n;efxjfjkuke _fkjHkwknL;kfjLRofefr ijs A lokZUrjL;k&
fjLRofefr A dks;a lksp bfr psr~ A vknkofjlks foKkukReuk
Lo:iRosukuqHkwr bR;;a oSkujksfjk vfHkfgr% A v=k ^^Roexs
izFkeks vfjk _fk**fjR;U;=k fuxe Hkofr A
vFkses lE;E;kS Hkor% A
o/kZekua Los nes AA 8AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
75
Hkk;e~ & gs vxs A jktUra Hkklekue~ A v/ojk.kka ;Kkuke~ A xksika

j{kde~ A _rL; lR;L; A nhfno izdkkde~ A Los Lodh;s A nes
x`gs A o/kZekua gfo% lfenkT;kfnfHkjfofPNkRosu iq ;kUre~ A
Rok Roke~ A nkskkoLr% lk;a izkr% A o;e~ A uekske~ A HkjUrks /kkj;Ur% A
f/k;k eU=ks.k lwDrsu ok A miSefl mixPNke% A ,oe`fk%
Lodh;ekpkja onfr A _kh.kkekpkjkLekoa izek.ke~ A rLekRlk;a
izkrjfx#ikflrO;Lrsu ;ksL;kuqxzgfePNrhR;qDra HkofrA
vFks;a uoeh Hkofr A
l u% firso lwuosxslwik;uks Hko A
Hkk;e~ & gs vxs A l% A Roe~ A uksLeH;a A lwuos iq=kk; A firso A
lwik;u% kksHkuksik;u% A Hko A kksHkukU;qik;ukfu nsghR;FkZ% A u%
vLekde~ A LoLr;s A lpLo leosrks Hko leosrks Hko AA
bfr JhHkxoUegkje.kkUrsokfluks okflL; x.kirs% fr%

vfxehGs lwHkk;a leke~ A
76
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
izFkea e.Mye~
izFkeprq.kk lwkuka Hkk;e~
ek/kqPNUnls nkZusfxehG bfr uop izFkea lwekxs;e~ A ;Fkk

;KL;A iqjksfgrexsz fgra usrkjfeR;FkZ%A gksrkje`fRota nsokuka ;kxs A
j/kkreefrk;su JsoLrwuka /kkjf;rkja ikyf;rkja ok A
vfxesrkkeoa nsoa nsorkRekue~ A bZGs LrkSE;ge~ A nsokuka ;kx
vk/;kfRed% A ukLekkkukfeo iq#kfo/kkuke~ A czk.kskq
kLrRdFkk% deZLrqR;FkZoknRokk LokFksZ izek.ka HkofUr A /kzqo;k
Le`R;k lEiw.kkZReleiZ.ksu p eukse;s egsUkfHkeq[ks lks;a nsokuka
;kxks HkL;kUr% ikdk; izorZrs A r=k fut;k kk nhI;u~
ewyk/kkjLFkksfxnoZs kuka krk Hkofr A vrks gksrRoxqP;rs A resokx
okfxfU;ekgq% A rnsdexjs k/;kfReoa Lo:ie~ A ukL;kxjs kkua O;Fk
Hkofr A losZ nsok% LoLofoHkwfrHkwrs kq izk.kskq kqklkRizknqHkw;Z
lk/k;UR;Ur;kZxe~ A bZGs MdkjL; LFkkus Gdkj% izkpka Hkkkk;ke~ AA 1AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
77
vfx% iwosZfHk_ZfkfHkjhMks uwruS#r A

iwosZfHk% iqjkruS% A uwruS#r v/kqukruSjfi A _fkfHk% bZM% LrqR;% A
lksfx% A bg ;kxnsks A nsoku~ A vko{kfr vkogrq A ogrsysZfV:ia
o{krhfr A flCcgqyfefr flIizR;;% ysVksMkVkfoR;MkxekfHkl
,slknskL; PNUnfl oSdfYidRokr~ iwosZfHkfjfr AA 2AA
vfxuk A fnos fnos izfrfnue~ A ikskeso o/kZekueso A ;kla ;kks&
;qe~ A ohjokeefrk;su ohjiq#kksisre~ A j; /kue~ A vkor~
izki;q kr~ A ;k Lrksrksikldks ok A vfxufs r dj.ks r`rh;k A ;kle~
bR;PizR;;kUra :ie~ A l p izR;;ks erqcFksZ AA 3AA
vxs A ;e~ A v/oja glkjfgre~ A ;Ke~ A for% loZr% gfojnu~
Toyu:i% eU=kku~ onu~ okxziw % vklUriZ.ksu r` xPNu~ tkBj:i%
egsUizo.kRosu ewyLo:ia tkuu~ tho:isR;FkZ% A ifjHkwO;kZ% A
vfl Roe~ A l bRl ,o ;K% A nsoskq A xPNfr A ukU; bR;FkZ% A
;KL; l/ojL;kfi ln~ H kkokkfkjluk;k/ojfoks k.ke~ A
lk;.kkpk;ZLrq loksZfi ;K% l/oj bfr eU;ekuks/ojkCnL;
78
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
jk{klrglkjfgrfeR;Fk onfr A u fxuk loZr% ikfyra ;Ka

jk{klkn;ks gflrqa izHkoUrhfr rL; dkj.kksiU;kl% A ;fn loksZfi
;Kksfxuk loZr% ikfyr% L;kkg l bsoskq xPNrhfr opue~
vuFkZde~ A u psnLekdfeo ;Kfokskokpd ,ok/ojkCn%
izlT;sr A rnsrnu`tquk iFkkFkZdFkua glklfgrkuka ;Kkuka
loZFkk lk/kuk;So A vU;kkfLekFksZ folaqyRoe~ A eU=ks ;Ke/oja
iwoZeuw|kuUrja rL;kfxuk forks O;kRoa ikf{kdeqiU;L;rs A
i{kkUrjs Ro/ojks ;Kksfxuk O;k u HkosRlkexzhyksisA ,oa fLFkrs
dFke/ojRoL;kxsorks O;ks dk;Zdkj.kHkko% A vij vkg A
u /ojks /ojks ;=ksR;/oj bfr A mL; eq[kfeo eq[ka ;L; l
meq[k bR;knkfoo e/;einyksilekl% A bnefi glki{kikr&
foyflre~ A ;=k e/;eins yqsfi kskinkFkZlkeF;kZnso
iw.kkZFkZLiwrLr=k e/;einyksiks ;q%A v=k RoU;FkSokFkZ% Liqjfr A
l p ukuqiik% A vuqiik ,o glkJqfrfojks/kkfnfr psr~ A rklka
l/ojskq ;Kskq xrsukZLR;uqiifk% A bea fok;ef/kR; nkee.MyLFks
oklqozs nkZus Hkw;ks fuiq.ka fopkjf;;ke% A rnL; fok;L; ;qDra
LFkye~ AA 4AA
gksrk A dforq% kUrizK% dfokCnL;k=k kUropuRokr~ A
kUrdekZ ok A rqkCnks fg izKk;ka deZf.k p iBrs fu?k.VkS A
kUrizKRoa tho:iRokr~ A kUrdeZRoa Toyu:iRok}kxzwi&
Rokk A lR; vkRe:iRokr~ A fp=kJoLre% A vfrk;su fp=k&
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
79
dhr% A vfxnsZo% A nsosfHk% lg A vkxer~ vkxPNrq A eulk

lkfk/;a nns o kU;trkfeR;FkZ % A vMkxeL; PNUnfl
oSdfYidRokefnfr yqf:ie~ A ^^NUnfl yq y fyV~** bfr
yksMFksZ=k yq AA 5AA
roskRlR;efj% AA 6AA
vkxs A Roe~ A nkkqks vkRekua leiZ;rs A gfonZkor bR;f/k;Ke~ A
;r~ Hka eye~ A dfj;fl A gs vfj% nsfg jlHkwr izR;xkReu~ A
lR;a kkrfefr ;kor~ A rn~Hke~ A roskoSo A QyL; HkksDrqjkRek
fg Roe~ AA 6AA
gs vxs A fnos fnos izfrfnue~ A nkskkoLr% jk=kkogfu p lk;a
izkrfjR;FkZ vkSfpR;kr~ A o;e~ A uekske~ ueLdkjksiyf{krka Lrqr
ok A HkjUr% lEikn;Ur% lUr% A f/k;k cq)k fLFkjLej.kiwod
Z fefr
;kor~ A Rok Roke~ A mi lehis A ,efl vkxPNke% A lk;a
izkrjXU;qikluL;sna fye~ A belhR;=ksnUrks elhrhdkj% AA 7AA
o/kZkeua Los nes AA 8AA
80
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
jktUre~ A v/ojk.kka ;Kfokskk.kke~ A xksika j{kde~ A _rL;

lR;L; A nhfno izdkkde~ A Kkuiznfefr ;kor~ A Los nes
x`gs A o/kZekue~ A Rosfr iwosZ.k lEcU/k% AA 8AA
l u% firso lwuosxs lwik;uks Hko A
gs vxs A l Roe~ A u% A lwuos firso lwik;u% kksHkuksik;uks Hko A
u% LoLr;s vfoukkk; ve`rRok;sfr ;kor~ A lpLo leosrks
Hko A LoL;kizeknsukRe:isxkS fukRed% leok;ks e`rRoL;
gsrq% AA 9AA
lwe~ 2
ok;ok;kghfr uopZL; lwL; e/kqPNUnk _fk% A ok;O;SU&
ok;O;eS=kko#.kkLr`pk% A xk;=kh NUn% A
ok;ok;kfg nkZrs es lksek vj`rk% A
rskka ikfg Jq/kh goe~ AA 1AA
nkZr nkZuh; A vkf/knSfod:ikis{k;s;eqf% A gs ok;ks A
vk;kfg A bes lksek% A vj`rk% vy`rk% laLrk bfr ;kor~ A
rskka lksekuka f}rh;kFksZ kh rku~ lksekfuR;FkZ% A ikfg fic A goa
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
81
vkkua es A Jqf/k k`.kq A nkZrsR;kS.kkfndrPizR;;kUra :ie~ A vja

ydkjLFkkus jsQ% izkpka Hkkkk;ka izk;% A ikghfr PNkUnl%
ficknskkHkko% A Jqf/k k`f.oR;kfnuk gs/k% A vU;skkefi ;r bfr
lafgrk;ka Jq/kh gofefr nh?kZ% AA 1AA
ok;ks mDFksfHktZjUrs RokePNk tfjrkj% A
lqr lksek vgon% AA 2AA
gs ok;ks A lqrlksek% lkse;kftu% A vgon% dkyKk% A tfjrkj%
Lrksrkj% A mDFksfHk% Lrks=kS% A RokePN RokefHky{; A tjUrs
LrqofUr A vPNk tfjrkj bfr fuikrL; psfr lafgrk;ka nh?kZ% AA 2AA
ok;ks ro izi
` rh /ksuk ftxkfr nkkqks A
m:ph lkseihr;s AA 3AA
gs ok;ks A ro m:ph m:xfr% A /ksuk kCn:ik kf% A izi`rh
izdksZ.k lEio oqoZUrh A nkkqks vkRekueirors f}rh;kFksZ kh
vkRekiZdfefr ;kor~ A ftxkfr xPNfr A fdeFk A lkseihr;s
khkkZe`rikuk; vUr% izk.kkfDr% iz.kokfRedksfDrk fg khkkZe`ra
izorZ;fr Lo;a pkuqHkofr ;ksfxu vkReleiZdL; A fl)koLFkksf&
jskk AA 3AA
bUok;w bes lqrk mi iz;ksfHkjkxre~ A
bUnoks okeqkfUr fg AA 4AA
82
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
gs bUok;w A bes A lqrk% iz;ksfHkjkSnkZrO;S% lg A mi lehis A

vkxre~ vkxPNre~ A fg ;Lekr~ A bUno% lksek% A oke~ A mkfUr
dke;Urs A bUnqer vkReu% dke bUnqokjksI;rs A xersyksZfV
e/;ef}opus cgqyopukPNiks yqfdrs vuqnkkksinsks&
R;kfnukuqukfldyksis xrfefr fl/;fr AA 4AA
ok;foU psrFk% lqrkuka okftuholw A
rkok;kreqior~ AA 5AA
gs ok;ks A oktks cyeL;k vLrhfr okftuh kf% lku;ksol
Z rhfr
okftuholw A bU% pkoefi A lqrkuka lqrku~ psrFk% tkuhFk% A rkSA
or~ kh?kze~ A mi lehis A vk;kre~ AA 5AA
ok;foU lqUor vk;kreqifure~ A
ef{oRFkk f/k;k ujk AA 6AA
gs ok;ks A ujk usrkjkS A bU% pkoefi A lqUorks ;tekuL; A f/k;k
fLFkjLej.k:i;k cq)k A e{kq Roj;k A bRFkk lR;e~ A fura
laLre~ A gfo% A mik;kre~ A ujsfr lqikaly
q fq xR;kfnukMknsk% AA 6AA
fe=ka gqos iwrn{ka o#.ka p fjkknle~ A
f/k;a ?k`rkp lk/kUrk AA 7AA
?k`rkp khkkZe`rjlizkfidke~ A f/k;a /kqzoka Le`fre~ A lk/kUrk
lk/k;UrkS A iwrn{ka ifo=kcya fe=ke~ A fjkknla k=kqHk{koa o#.ka
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
83
p A gqos vk;kfe A lk/kUrsR;=kMknsk% izkXor~ A vUrHkkZfo r.;Fk

:ifene~ A O;R;;su p ki~ AA 7AA
_rsu fe=kko#.kko`rko`rLi`kk A
rqa c`gUrekkkFks AA 8AA
_rko`/kk lR;L; o/kZdkS A _rLi`kk lR;a Li`kUrkS A gs fe=kk&
o#.kkS A _rsu lR;su c`gUra rqa nso;kxe~ A vkkkFks O;koUrkS
;qoke~ A _rko`/kkfoR;UrHkkZfor.;Fk :ie~ A u fg o`rhR;kfnuk
iwoZinL; nh?kZ% A vkukkFks A LFkkus vkkFks uqMHkkoNkUnl% A
yMFksZ fyV~ A yq y fyVka lokZFkZRokPNUnfl AA 8AA
doh uks fe=kko#.kk rqfotkr m#{k;k A
n{ka n/kkrs vile~ AA 9AA
doh es/kkfoukS A rqfotkrk rqfotkrkS cgqtUekukfoR;FkZ% A m#{k;k
cgqfuoklkS A fe=kko#.kk fe=kko#.kkS A u% vLekde~ A n{ka cya
vila deZ p A n/kkrs /kkj;r% A fukoLFkk;ka foiq#ke;ks fe=k%
tkxznoLFkk;ka izkKiq#k:iks o#.k ukfoo Hkor% A iqutkZxzn~
voLFkk;ka fe=k% fukoLFkk;ka o#.k tkrkfoo L;krke~ A rfnna rq
fotkrRoa fe=kko#.k;ks% A m#{k;Roa cgqfi.Moklkr~ AA 9AA
84
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
lwe~ 3
vfukfofr }knkpZL; lwL; e/kqPNUnk _fk% A vfukfoU&
fosnsokljLoR;Lr`pk% A xk;=khNUn% A
vfuk ;Tojhfjkks oRik.kh kqHkLirh A
iq#Hkqtk puL;re~ AA 1AA
oRik.kh pygLrkS A kqHk% kqHkL; deZ.k% A irh izHkw A iq#Hkqtk
cgqHkksftukS A gs vfukS A ;Tojh% A ;kxfuikfndk% A bkkskkfu A
puL;ra A HkksDrqfePNre~ A ;Tojhfjfr ofuIizR;;kUra :ie~ A
puL;re=kkkokpdkkul bPNkFkZd% L;kr~ A rkRi;sZ RoksPNk p
HkksDrqfePNk A vrks usk bR;L; /kkrqLFku% kCnks u iqu#f% AA 1AA
vfuk iq#nallk ujk kohj;k f/k;k A
f/k.k;k oura fxj% AA 2AA
iq#nallk cgqdekZ.kkS A ujk usrkjkS A f/k.;k A cqf)eUrkS A gs
vfuk vfukS A fxj% vLekoa Lrqrh% A kohj;k xfreR;k
vLeRizo.k;sR;FkZ% A f/k;k cq)k A oura lEHktre~ A kohj;srhju~
izR;;kUrL; kq/kkrks% :ie~ AA 2AA
nk ;qokdo% lqrk uklR;k o`cgk% A
vk;kra #orZuh AA 3AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
85
nk k=kw.kka ukkf;rkjkS A #ks |kSekZxksZ ;;ksLrkS #orZuh A uklR;k

vlR;jfgrkofukS A o`cgk% ;tekuL; lqrk% lksek% A ;qokdo%
n/;kfnuk fefJrk% lUrhfr ksk% A vk;kre~ A ;qokdo bfr ;kSrs%
dkoqizR;;kUra :ie~ A :ks |kSfjfr Hkwfedk;ka izfrikfnre~ A
vfuksukZlR;Roa p AA 3AA
bUk;kfg fp=kHkkuks lqrk bes Rok;o% A
v.ohfHkLruk iwrkl% AA 4AA
fp=kHkkuks fp=kfdj.k ! gs bU ! bes A v.ohfHkjfyfHkLruk kr~ A
iwrkl% kksf/krk% A lqrk% lksek% A Rok;o% RoRdkek HkofUr A
vk;kfg A Rok;o bfr ;qePNUnkfnPNkFksZ D;tUra :ie~ AA 4AA
bUk;kfg f/k;sfkrks foiztrw % lqrkor% A
miczkf.k ok?kr% AA 5AA
gs bU A f/k;k cq)k A bfkrks okfNr% A foiztwr% A foizs.k
es/kkfouk e;k fLFkrizKsusfr ;kor~ A twr% izsfjr% A lqrkor%
lkse;qL; A ok?kr _fRot% czkf.k eU=kku~ izfr A mik;kfg AA 5AA
bUk;kfg rwrqtku miczkf.k gfjo% A
lqrs nf/ko uu% AA 6AA
gfjo% gfj;q A gs bU A rwrt
q kuLRojek.kLRoe~ A czk.;qik;kfg A
lqrs lkseksiyf{krs ;kxs A u% pukske~ A nf/ko /kkj; A rqtsyfV
86
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
dkufp rwrqtku bfr :ie~ A gfjo bR;=k A erqiks edkjL;

NUnfl oRoe~ A lEcq)kS #Roa p uqekxela;ksxkUryksikH;keuUrja
udkjL; A nf/kosfr n/kkrs ysZfV :ie~ AA 6AA
vkseklkZ.kh /k`rks fos nsokl vkxr A
nkkalks nkkqk% lqre~ AA 7AA
vksekl% j{kdk% A pkZ.kh/k`r% euq;k.kka /kkjdk% A nkkal% nkrkj% A
fosnsokl% losZ nsok% A nkkqkks gfonZkorks ;tekuL; A lqra lksea
izfr A vkxr vkxPNr A vksekl bR;orseZkUra :ie~ A
vkklsjlqfxfr PNUnfl oSdfYid% lqxkxe% AA 7AA
fosnsoklks vIrqj% lqrekxUr rw.kZ;% A
mk bo Loljkf.k AA 8AA
viLRoj;UrhR;qj% A rw.kZ;% osxoUr% A gs fosnsok% A mk%
lw;fZ dj.kk% A Loljkf.k fnukuho A lqreLekoa lksea izfr A vkxUr A
vkxPNr A v=k kiks yqxos A ukuqukfldyksi% A ruuFkuksfr
rcknsksfi fnfrizfrks/kkr~ AA 8AA
fosnsoklks vf/k ,fgek;klks vqg% A
es?ka tqkUr o;% AA 9AA
vf/k% ukkjfgrk% A ,fgek;kl% ,fgO;kZk ek;k izKk ;skka rs
loZKk bR;FkZ% A vqg% ksgjfgrk% A o;ks oks<kj% A fosnsokl % A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
87
es?ka gfo% A tqkUr lsoUrke~ A yksMFksZ y A vMkHkkoNkUnl% AA 9AA

ikodk u% ljLorh oktsfHkokZftuhorh A
;Ka o f/k;kolq% AA 10AA
ikodk ikouh A okftuhorh kferh A f/k;kolq% cq)k lg
olUrh A ljLorh nsoh A oktsfHkjkRekffHk% A ;Ka o dke;rka
y{k.k;k ogfRoR;FkZ% A ;Ka offr ;nkg ;Ka ogfRoR;so rnkgsfr
czk.ke=k Hkofr A f/k;kolqfjR;=k lekls NkUnlLr`rh;k;k
vyqo~ A ljLoR;k f/k;kolqRoa okxzwiRokr~ A okXoS f/k;kolqfjfr
czk.ke=k Hkofr A okp f/k;k lg okl% kCnL;kFkZlEcU/kkr~ A
oDrqoof{krksFkZLrL; f/k;ks fg ukfrfjP;rs A ikodknhuka NUnlhfr
Roizfrks/kks .oqfy AA 10AA
pksnf;=kh lwur` kuka psrUrh lqerhuke~ A
;Ka n/ks ljLorh AA 11AA
lwu`rkuka lR;kuke~ A pksnf;=kh izsjf;=kh A lqerhuka kksHkucq)huka
psrUrh laKki;Urh A ljLorh okXnsoh A ;Ka n/ks /kkfjrorh A
okfxfU;ex%s Lo:iesde~ A ljLorh rq kCnkCne;okxkfReosfr
foksk% AA 11AA
egks v.kZ% ljLorh izpsr;fr osrquk A
f/k;ks fok fojktfr AA 12AA
88
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ljLorh A eg% loZ=k O;kidRokf}Hkq A v.kZ% lw{ekczwieUrfj{ke~

A osrquk izKkusu izpsr;fr pSrU;oRdjksfr A fok% lokZ f/k;%
A fojktfr izdkk;fr A vUrHkkZfor.;FkksZ=k jktfr% A usna
fokkyeUrfj{ka os oya tMa kq ddkkfnor~ A vfi rq
pSrU;oUegsUkDR;k ljLoR;sfr _fknZkZ;fr A okp% ijL;k
,r}.kZue~ A lkUrfj{kxk foHkquR;k p A lokZf.k Kkukfu lesO;Zhuka
p r=k izfrfrfUr A rnsokg f/k;ks fok fojktrhfr A lo p Kkua
kCnizfreLekdeuqHkosfi A ;rks o;eO;Dra kCnk;kegs
;kkuhe% AA 12AA
lwe~ 4
lq:iqfefr nkpZL; lwL; e/kqPNUnk _fk% A
bUks nsork A xk;=kh NUn% 1]2]4&10] fojkV~ NUn% 3 A
lq:iqewr;s lqnq?kkfeo xksnqgs A
tqgwefl |fo |fo AA 1AA
lq:iqa lq:iL; O;:iL; txr% drkZjfeUe~ A |fo |fo
fnus fnus mr;s j{k.kk; A xksnqgs i;ksnksguk; y{k.k;k xkskCnks=k
i;ks okph A lqn?q kkfeo lqn ksX/kz /ksufq eo A tqgew fl vk;ke%AA 1AA
mi u% louk xfg lkseL; lkseik% fic A
xksnk bsorks en% AA 2AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
89
gs lkseik% lkseL; ikrfjU A u% louk loukfu izfr mikxfg A

lkseL; lksea fic A f}rh;kFksZ kh A vuUrja jsor% Jher% rs A
en% A xksnk br~ xksizn ,o A HkofRofr ksk% A xks kCn% loZ=k
izkFkZuklq Hkw/ksurq t
s lkeU;reL; okpd% A v/;srk tkidks ok ;Fkk
dkea rsoU;reeFk Hkko;s|=k u fofkksFkksZ eU=kr ,o xE;sr A
xrfeR;usu xghfr :ia O;k[;kre~ AA 2AA
vFkk rs vUrekuka fo|ke lqerhuke~ A
ekuks vfr[; vkxfg AA 3AA
vFkkuUrje~ A rs vUrekuka lfkkuke~ A brjskka foizkuke~
bR;FkkZH;rs A lqerhuka kksHkukukuka fo|ke tkuh;ke A f}rh;kFksZ
kh A u% vLeku~ A vfr vfrE; ek[;% ekpdFk% A vkxfg
vrhfU;kfUok;kUoDrqfeR;FkkZH;rs AA 3AA
ijsfg foxzeLr`rfeUa i`PNk foifre~ A
;Lrs lf[kH; vkoje~ AA 4AA
_fkju;k fofofnkqa czwrs A foxza es/kkfoua xq#a ijsfg xPN A xRok p
ra foifra A vLr`ra osukI;gflre~ A bUa i`PN A d :i bU
bfr A ;ks xq#% rs lf[kH;ks fe=ksH;% A oja JsfeULo:ie~ A
vk[;krokfufr ksk% A lfeRikf.k% Jksf=k;a czfufeR;k|L;So
izi%A i`PNk foifrfefr lafgrk;ka NkUnlks nh?kZ% AA 4AA
90
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
mr czqoUrq uks funks fujU;rfnkjr A

n/kkuk bU bqo% AA 5AA
bUs A nqo% ifjp;kZe~ A n/kkuk br~ n/kkuk ,o A u% vLekoa
lEcfU/ku% A czqoUrwr A LrqoUrq psUe~ A gs fun% bUfuUndk%
iq#kk% A vU;rfr~ u osoyfer% izns kkr~ brjLekksULrqfrizns kkr~
fujkjr fuxZPNrA yksMFksZ yq AA 5AA
mr u% lqHkxka vfjoksZps;qnZLe;% A
L;kesfnUL; keZf.k AA 6AA
gs nLe k=kw.kka ukkf;rfjU A vfj#r k=kqjfi A ;ks euq;k% A
foks;s cgqopus foksk.kL;Sdopua NkUnle~ A u% A lqHkxku~
lqUnjku~ Jskfufr y{k.k;kFkZ% A oksp;s #q P;klq% A bUL;sfnUL;So A
keZf.k lq[ks A bUr ,o lq[k bR;FkZ% A L;ke Hkose A NUnL;qHk;Fksfr
vkkhy lkoZ/kkrqdRosu l yksi% A rrks oDrsjkkhyf oksp;s fq jfr
:ie~ A tqlknskkizR;;ks ekxe;k lqMkxek% izkxso Hkos;q% AA 6AA
,ekkqekkos Hkj ;KfJ;a uèknue~ A
ir;UeUn;Rl[ke~ AA 7AA
vkkos O;kidk;sUk; A vkkaq O;kide~ A ;KfJ;a ;KlEiwie~ A
uèknua tugkZde~ A ir;Rir;Ura izkiqoUrfeR;FkZ% A eUn;Rl[ka
eUn;u~ A gkZ;fkU% l[kk ;L;sfr rkke~ A b bea lksee~ A vkHkj
lEikn; A ;tekusfr lEcqf)j/;kgk;kZ A ir;fnfr fyO;R;;% A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
91
NUnfl loZfo/khuka oSdfYidRoknqi/kko`)sjHkko% AA 7AA

vL; ihRok krrks ?kuks o`=kk.kkeHko% A
izkoks oktskq okftue~ AA 8AA
gs krrks cgqizKsU A vL; lkseL; f}rh;kFksZ kh A ihRok A
o`=kk.kka pSrU;kDR;kojdk.kka k=kw.kke~ A ?ku% izosqa Hkskqa okkD;ks
<% A vHko% A oktskq ;q)skq A okftua kfeUrekReHke~ A izko%
vj{k% A O;kid% l lkse% A ;L; ikukfnUks o`=kk.kkets;ks Hkofr
AA 8AA
ra Rok oktskq okftua okt;ke% krrks A
/kukukfeU lkr;s AA 9AA
gs krrks bU A okftua kfeUre~ A ra rkka A Rok Roke~ A
oktskq ;q)skq A /kukuke~ A lkr;s lk/kuk; A okt;ke% kfeUra
oqeZ% A Lrks=ks.k izcks/kuesok=k oktue~ AA 9AA
;ks jk;ksofueZgkURlqikj% lqUor% l[kk A
rLek bUk; xk;r AA 10AA
; bU% jk;ks /kuL;kofu% j{kd% A egku~ foHkq% A lqikj% lqiq kjf;rk A
lqUorks ;tekuL; A l[kk fe=kHkwr% A rLeS bUk; A xk;r A gs
l[kk; bfr lEcqf)j/;kgk;kZ AA 10AA
92
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vxsjknk ukekfu
vfx%] gksrk] dforq%] vfjk%] foifr%] gO;okg%] nhfnoku~]
x`gifr%] ftkL;%] gO;okV~] nwr%] ikod%] foiz%] euqgr%] fo.kksnk%]
izFke%] mtifr%] ;fo% A
f}rh;lwDrL; izFkeks eU=k%
ok;ok;kghfr uopZ L ; lw L; e/kq P NUnk _fk% A
ok;O;SUok;O;eS=kko#.kkLr`pk% A xk;=khNUn% A
ok;ok;kfg nkZrs es lksek vj`rk% A
rskka ikfg Jq/kh goe~ AA 2- 1 AA
nkZr nkZuh; A ok;ks gs ok;qukednso A vk ;kfg vkxPNA vj`rk%
laLdkjSjy`rk% A lksek% lkseukedohjlk% A bes fl)k bR;FkZ% A
rskka rku~ A ikfg fic A goa enh;kkua Jqf/k k`.kq A
nso;tuHkwekS nsork;k vkxeuexsnsZorku;usu O;k[;kre~ A
r=kkfxjkusrk nsokuke~ A v=k nso% Lo;ekxUrsfr foksk% A lfk/kkua
rq r}nsok=kkfi A ,oeqkj=kkfi nsokxeuizkFkZuklwe~ A
vUr;kZxs eu ,o lkse% A lYik ,o lqrk% lksek% A rskkekRefu
gkseks ;kx% A lYiewykUosk.ks lYik vkRefu Hkos;qgqZrk% A
lqrL; lskeL;Sdopusu funsZks vgao`ksjkRefu gkseksoxUrO;% A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
93
rkkgksesu fu%lYiRoflf)% izFkea L;kr~ A vuUrjeUr;kZxL;

fuR;eq kja deZ pys r ~ A ;Fkk cfg;kZ x s lks e ;kxknuUrja
fuR;kfxgks=k:ieqkja deZ A b;esdkUr;kZxs lkselaLFkk A
vU;L;keUr;kZ x lks e la L Fkk;ka lgkjiz n s k ,o lks e % A
oq.MfyuhkDR;qklsu kforkkLekn~oUR;e`r/kkjSo lqr% lkse% A
rL;kReukLoknua LoL; lkseikue~ A nsork;k A vkRekfHkkRok&
sork;k% A b;eU;kUr;kZxs lskelaLFkk A
vUr;kZxs nsork;k% lskeikuekRe}kjsfr fLFkre~ A cfg;kZxs rq loZL;
gfokks xzg.kex%s lk{kkr~ A nsorkUrjL;kfx}kjk A vUr;kZxs thokfx}kjk
cfg;kZxs HkkSfrdkfx}kjsR;qHk;=kkfi rqY;efx}kjk xzg.ke~ A
;ksfxuksfi ijL;kuqHkokukRelkRdr` izHkofUr psr~ fdeq oO;a
ekgkHkkX;orhuka nsorkuka fok;s A
okrhfr ok;qfjfr ok;qkCnL; O;qRifk% A xfrxU/ku;ksokZfroZrZrs A
mHk;Fkkfi izrsFkZlfr% A
;|fi HkkSfrdks ok;qjpsruLrFkkfi rkekRefoHkwfrefHkeU;ekuks
nsorkRekU;ks orZrs A rL;kUrfj{ka kjhje~ A l ,o Jksrk goL; A
ikrk lkseL; A
egR;ks nsorkfLr ,osfr lokZuqef.kdkdkj% dkR;k;uks
fu#dkjks ;kLd dFk;r% A ^^fr ,o nsork% f{kR;Urfj{k|qLFkkuk
vfxokZ;q% lw;Z bfr A** bna dkR;k;uL; okD;e~ A
94
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
izFkea e.Mye~
izFkelwL; Hkk;e~ 3
lwe~ 1
izFkekdL; izFkeks/;k;%
vFk foKkufuf/kekfnosna kkdydlafgrkes.k O;k[;kL;ke% A
_Xosnlafgrk;ka nk e.Mykfu A rskq izFkea e.Mya kkrpueqP;rs A
kre`pks nkZua ;L; l krphZ A rs krpu _k;% A fdfnwuk% kra
krkf/kdk ok _pks=k krkCnsu foo{;Urs A e/kqPNUnk%] es/kkfrfFk%]
kqu%ksi%] fgj.;Lrwi%] d.o%] izLd.o%] lO;%] uks/kk%] ijkkj%]
xksre%] oqRl%] d{khoku~] i#PNsi%] nh?kZrek%] vxLR;sfr
inkkrpu _k;% A ;|fi izFkes e.Mys inkH;ks
nkZusH;ksU;kfu p pRokfj nkZukU;soSdlwkfu fo|Urs rFkkfi
izk/kkU;su krpukfefr kkrpua e.Mye~ A r=k prqokfrjuq&
okdk% A uoksus }s krs lwkuke~ A f=klw% izFkeksuqokd%] prq%lwks
f}rh;%] prq%lwDrs r`rh;sUR;otrkfu =khf.k lwkfu psfr A
oSkfe=kL; e/kqPNUnlks nkZue~ A r`rh;L;kUR;a lwDra rq
ek/kqPNUnL; tsrq% A rsosdknklq lwDrskq iwokZf.k uo xk;=kkf.k A
mkjs vkuqqHks A
ek/kqPNUnls nkZusfxehG bfr uop izFkea lwekxs;e~ A ;Fkk&
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
95

;KL; cfg;kZxL;kUr;kZxL; p iqjksfgrexzs fgre~ A usrkjfeR;FkZ% A
gksrkja rkkede~ _fRote~ A cfg;kZxsUr;kZxs p A j/kkree~
vfrk;su JsoLrwuka /kkjf;rkja ikyf;rkja ok A vx rkkede~
nsoe~ A bZGs LrkSfe A vgfefr ksk% A
vkxs;lwleqk;kFkZifjkhyukfnneoxE;rs A thoks okfxfU;a
tBjkfxfs r =khf.k:ik.;/;kReex%s A fnoks egks fo|qRikFkoks Toyusfr
=kh.;f/kHkwre~ A rskq okfxfU;a cz.kLirsjfi :ia o.;Zrs A fo|qfnUL;
p A fnoks egks #L; psUL; p A dFke=k fojks/kifjgkj% \ vU;kfLr
rok fojks/k% A vf/kHkwra ikFkoks Toyuks/;kRea tBjkfxfjR;qii|rs
ipuf;klk/kE;kZr~ A thoLrq dFka L;kr~ \
v=k cwze% A lkekU;rks T;ksfrjsokfx% A u osoya ikFkoT;ksfr% A
T;ksfr prqo/ke~ A vkRek fnoks egks fo|qoyusfr A
vUrfj{kkUrjO;kih ijekdkkks |kS#P;rs ;izie/;s A ;L;
ijLrkPNq)L;So ijekdkkL; |kSfjR;fHk/kkue~ A ;nkfnR;ksfi
Dofpr~ |kS#P;rs rk=k fnO;eglks ckgqY;kr~ A fnoksfLr xqa
O;kioa rst% A rnso kCnfo|qrksey
Zw e~ A rRlkjHkwf;eso okfxfU;e~ A
rL;So Hkqoukfu ipr% dkyk[;k A v;a fnoks eg bfr kCnL;kFkZ%
br%ija rnsrfoks egks y?kquk dkyinsu O;ogjke% A ,oa
T;ksfr%Lo:iL;kxsthZokfn:is.k dkykfn:is.k p o.kZua uk;qe~ A
,rsu f}rh;ks fojks/k ifjrks Hkofr A fl/;R;soe~ A vfx%
i`fFkohLFkku bfr izkphuk;ksfZ Lrq izR;qk L;kr~ A vLR;U;% leUo;ks
;Fkk lksf% izR;qk u L;kr~ A lokZ.;fi izkFkZukfu QyofUr L;q%
96
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
lfr Jksrfj A vlfr Jksr;Zj.;jksnurqY;kfu Hkos;%q A tho% lksikf/kd

,o k`.kq;kk thoroe~ A okfxfU;tBjkfxdkyfo|qoyukuka
Jksr`Roa rq loZFkk uksii|rs A rLeknkxs;kuka lwkuke/;sr`fHk&
tZI;ekukuka Jksrk df}O;% A vlao)izykfiuks ok egkZ;ks
oO;k% A iwoZeso lk/;a ukskje~ A vfLr i`fFkO;k vkRek A u tMk
i`fFkoh A vLekoa thokuka ;Fksna kjhja rFkk dL;fpUegrks thoL;
i`fFkoh kjhjfeR;qDra Hkofr A l ,o thoks egkuxsjkf/knSfooa
Lo:ie~ A l ,o Jksrkxs;L; Lrks=kL; A rsukFkZoUR;fxeqf;
izkFkZukfu A ,k i`fFkoh kjhjksfx% owVLFk% ik Fkokuka thokuke~ A
otZf;Rok ra ;% osoysu deZ.kk rfjrqfePNfr lks/kZeso tkukfr A
rL;kxs% kkjhjT;ksfroZn;a Toyuksfx% A rL; dkyfo|qnkfn:is.k
p o.kZuexsO;kZidroeUoh{;sfr cks)O;e~ A lokZ nsorkLrqr;ks
u osoya O;fk] vfirq rok p HkoUR;qkkopk% A
izreuqljke% A vxsToZyu:iROkknUr;kZxL; A okfxfU;&
:iRokks ;kxs lgksrRoo~ A okxso fg kalfr kkf.k A
tho:iROkknUr;kZxs gksrRoo~ A /kqoz ;k Le`R;k lEiw.kkZReleiZ.ksu
p eukse;s egsUkfHkeq[kks lks;eUr;kZxks HkL;kUr%ikdk;
izorZrs A l ,o ukekUrjs.k nsokuka ;kx% A czk.kskq k% iq#k&
fo/kkukfeo rRdFkk% deZLrqR;FkZRokk LokFksZ izek.ka HkofUr A
rfLekUr;kZxs fut;k kDR;k nsnhI;ekuks n;osfnLFkks thokfxnoZs kuka
krk Hkofr u rL;kkua O;Fk Hkosr~ A losZ nsok% LoLofoHkwfrHkwrskq
izk.kskq kDR;qklkRizknqHkwZ; lk/k;UR;Ur;kZxe~ A
bZG bR;=k MdkjL; LFkkus Gdkj% izkpka Hkkkk;ke~ A ,oeqkj=kkfi
GdkjJo.kskwe~ A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
97
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
izFkea e.Mye~
izFkelwL; Hkk;e~ 4
izFkekos izFkeks/;k;%
lwe~ 1
vfxfefr uopZL; lwL; oSkfe=kks e/kqPNUnk _fk% A vfx&
nsZork A xk;=kh NUn% A
;KL; nsokjk/kuL; A iqjksfgre~ A iqjksfgroksrkje~ A gksrje~ _fRote~ A
nsokuka ;kxs gksrùkede`fRote~ A nsokkudeZfcHkzk.kfeR;FkZ% A
j/kkree~ vfrk;su jkuka ikskf;rkje~ vfxe~ nsoe~ vfxukeoa
nsorkRekue~ A bZGs LrkSfe A vgfefr ksk% A
;koUR;fHk/kkukfu rkoR;ks nsork bfr ;kfKdk% A fr ,o nsork%
i`fFkO;Urfj{k|qLFkkuk bfr uS#k% A ,oSo nsorsfr rookfnu% A
98
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
oLrqrLrq nsork;k% ijL;k ,dRosfi yksd=k;ksikf/kokkr~

f=kRoe~ A i`fFkohkjhj vkRek izFkeks nso% A vUrfj{kkjhjks e/;e% A
|qkjhj mke% A |kS yksd% lw;Ze.MykkkfrfjP;rs A vfi p
izFke ,o ikFkokuka izkf.kukekRek Hkofr A e/;e vkUrfj{kk.kke~
A
mkeks
fnO;kuke~
A
HkkS f rdfoHkw r ;Lrq
rkksdxrkLrksdkjhjL;kReu bfr cks/;e~ A
;% i`fFkohkjhj vkRek izFkeks nsoLra tkrosnlekgqtkZrkfu
osnkaL;LekfnR;FkZ;ksxkr~ A rL; ;kho:ia l oSkujks foskka
ujk.kke;feR;FkZ;ksxkr~ A i;r NkUnksX;ksifukfn oSkujfo|ke~ A
r=kkLekdekRek oSkuj% dF;rs A ikFkoks HkkSfrdkfxZfo.kksnk%
fo.kkafl /kukfu A
vleke~
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
99
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
izFkea e.Mye~
izFkelwL; Hkk;e~ 5
lwe~ 1
vFkkr% lafgrkes.k nkkr;hO;kZ[;kL;ke% A r=k izFkes e.Mys
oSkfe=kL; e/kqPNUnl vkk nklwkReoa izFkea nkZue~ A r=kk|kfu
uo lwkfu xk;=kkf.k A nkeekuqqHke~ A
rsofxehG bfr uop izFkea lwekxs;e~ A rL;s;e`xk|k Hkofr A
jkK% iqjksfgro|KL;kHkhlEikndRok|KL; iqjksfgrksfx#P;r
bR;sos A vfxg ;KL;kHkha gksea lEikn;fr A v=kk;a lak;% A gkseks
;KkkkfrfjP;rs rRLo:iSdnskRokr~ A Lo:ieU;r~ vHkha
dekZU;r~ A ,oa fLFkrs dFka ;KL;kHkhlEikndksfx% A vfi p
iqjksfgrsu fuoZrZuh;a u ;tekuL;kHkhek=ke~ A vfi rq
rL;kHkhlk/koa fdefi deZ kkfUrdikSfdkfndeZdkfj.;so
iqjksfgrinizo`ks% A ;KkfHkekfuuks nSorL; gkseksHkhkoga fdefi
deZ L;kr~ A rsukskFkksZuo| bfr psr~ uSkk ;qf% A ;KkfHkekfuuks
100
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
nSorL; gkse% dekZReSo Hkofr u rq rL; deZ A l fg ;teku&

L;SokHkhlk/koa deZ A ;KL; lEcfU/kfu iwoHZ kkxs vkoguh;kReuk&
ofLFkrRok|KL; iqjksfgrksfx#P;r bR;U;s A y{k.k;k ;Kks=k
;KHkwfeij% A v;eFkZ% lr% L;kr~ ;fn ;KHkwe%s iwofZ nek=kLFkks&
fx% A l p ikn~Hkkxs p fo|rs xkgZiR;kReuk A nf{k.kHkkxs p
fo|rs nf{k.kkReuk A ,oa fLFkrs lkspsuksfjje.kh;k A lkekU;r%
loZL; ;tekuL; iqjksfgronHkhlk/kddeZdkfjRokn~Hkorq
iqjksfgrksfx% A fl/;snsoeL; inL;kFkZ% A ;KL;sfr ineufUore~
vofrsr A u nsofeR;usu rnUosrqa kD;a L;kr~ A iqjksfgra
iqjksfgronHkhlk/kddeZfuiknoa loZL; ;tekuL; HkkSfrd:is.k
gfoxzZg.kkr~ okxwzis.k LrqfrkalukH;ka psfr i;ZolkksFkZ% A
;KL; nsoe~ & fxjka nsohR;knkfook=k Lo:ilEcU/kkfHk/kkf;dk
kh A ;KLo:ifeR;FkZ% A
_fRota gksrkja & gksrkja ukeRota nsokuka ;kxs A vfxoSZ nsokuka
gksrsfr czk.ke=k Hkofr dhkks nsokuka ;kx% \ dhkexs&
gksZr`Roe~ \ ;=k fujgrs% lEiw.kZekRekueirorks fo/
oLrloZlYiL; egfkxfekksekSfZ uu% kjhja izR;orjUR;ks fnO;k%
k;% Lo;a egkUrekRekua ;tUrs l nsokuka ;kx% A r=k
pkUrjkfoHkwZrfoy{k.k kfRoknkfoHkZwronqipfjrL;kUrjkRekij&
i;kZ;L; oSkujL;kxSnoZs kuka kr`Roeso gksrR` oe~ A iq.;ikdokk&
nUrLrkks ;kxs lekjC/ks izknqHkwrZ us oSkujs.kkgwrk nsork LoLokDR;k
kjhja izR;orjsfnfr egrke`kh.kkeuqHko% A ,rkkskj=k lk{kkknfHk&
/kk;oskq fuxeskq izif;;ke% A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
101
j/kkree~ & jkuka JsoLrwukefrk;su /kkrkje~ A vx izfl)a

ikFkoa rst% A bZGs LrkSfe A gks=kk iz;ksT;RokUeU=kL; gksrk=k drZRs ;sos A
uSkk ;qf% A u osoya gks=kk iz;ksT;ks;a eU=k% A v/;s=kk p cz;Ks
iz;qks Hkofr A miklosu p tis iz;qks Hkofr A _fkjso drsZfr
;qe~ A rL; fg okD;a eU=k% A ;L; okD;a l _fkfjfr fg rf}nka
nkZue~A
ehekalk 1
vFkk=ks;a ehekalk Hkofr A mksfx% izr% prqo/k% A ikFkoks
Toyuks okfxfU;a ;KksUrjkRek psfr A ;RikFkoks
vxs oHkwr;% Toyuksfx#P;rs rnLekdeoxra izfl)s% A dFka
okfxfU;efx% \ dFka ;K% \ dFkeUrjkRek \
mP;rs A rstl% lkjHkwr% dfn.kqjso kjhjs okfxfU;feR;qP;rs A
rk nkra NUnksxkukeqifukfn & ^^rstksfkra =ks/kk fo/kh;rs A
rL; rL; ;% LFkfoks /kkrq rnfLFk Hkofr A ;ks e/;e% l ekk A
;ksf.k% lk oko~ A** bfr A uUo=kkfokskkkst me~ A u ikFkoe~ A
;=kkfokskkkst mP;rs r=kk|ekUrfj{ka rst ,o xzke~ A vkUrfj{kL;
rstlks u ikFkosu dfnfLr lEcU/k% A rLek}kfxU;eSUeso
oO;a ukxs;fefr psr~ A vLrq lw{eRok}kfxfU;kRedL; rStl&
L;k.kks% Lo:is.kkUrfj{kT;ksfr% lkE;e~ rFkkfi rL; ikFkokjhj&
lEcU/kkRikFkoRoa fl/;fr A oLrqr vkUrfj{keso T;ksfr% izfr%
ikFkoL; LFkwyL; p T;ksfrk% A rFkk okfxfU;L;kfi Hkorq izfr% A
rkork rL; u ikFkoRogkfu% A ,oa okfxfU;a ikFkoa T;ksfr% A
102
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
rstl% deSZo nsorkizo.ka ;K mP;rs A gksrq% kalueqkrqxkZua p

okxzwiL;kxsnsZorkizo.ks deZf.k A gfoxzZg.ka HkkSfrdL;kxsnsZorkizo.ka
deZ A ,oa ckks ;Kksxs% dekZRek A vkH;Urjks ;KLrq oSkujL;
lgtlUrrKkuTokykdkjk fLFkfr% A rkeso lgtka fLFkfrekg
Hkxoku~ je.k% A rnso Hkxork .ksuksDra fLFkrizKRoe~ A lk p
KkuTokyk fpwik}Skujk}ogkjek=ks.k fHkkk A /keZHkwrk fpRiwokZ A
/keHkwrk fpnqkj% A kk[kkLFkkuh;k iwokZ A ewyLFkkuh; mkj% A vUr;kZxks
fuyKkuTokykdkjks oSkujL;kUrjkReuks foHkwfrfjR;qDra Hkofr A
kkjhjdL; fp;ksfrk ,o oSkujRokPNjhjL; pkLenknhuka
i`fFkohe;Rok}Skuj% ikFkoa T;ksfrHkZofr A
vleke~
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
103
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
izFkea e.Mye~
izFkelwL; Hkk;e~ 6
lwe~ 1
vFkkr% lafgrkes.k nkkr;hO;kZ[;kL;ke% A r=k izFkes e.Mys
oSkfe=kL; e/kqPNUnl vkk nklwkReoa izFkea nkZue~ A r=kk|kfu
uolwkfu xk;=kkf.k A nkeekuqqHke~ A
rsofxehG bfr uop izFkea lwekxs;e~ A rL;s;e`xk|k Hkofr A
iqjksfgrokKks ;KL;kHkhlEikndRok|KL; iqjksfgrksfx#P;r
bR;sos A vfxg ;KL;kHkha gksea lEikn;fr A v=kk;a lak;% A
;KL;Sdea gkse% A va pkHkhknU;r~ A ,oa fLFkrs dFka
;KL;kHkhlEikndksfx% \ izkxiw.kkZL;ka pkHkha Hkorhfr psr~
izrs uSkk ;qf% lkf/kdk iqjksfgrkSiE;LokjL; kSfFkY;kr~ A ;tekusu
fuoZrZuh;L; dk;ZL; lEikndRoeso fg ikSjksfgR;a u rn&
lEikndRoe~ A ;KkfHkekfuuks nS o rL; gks e ks Hkha dk;
L;kksukskFkksZ uo| bfr psr~ uSkk p ;qf% A ;KkfHkekfuuks nSorL;
104
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
gkse% dekZReSo Hkofr u rq rL; deZ A l fg ;tekuL;So deZ A

iqjksfgrsu fuoZrZuh;a u ;tekuL;kHkhek=ke~ A vfi rq rL;kHkha
foy{k.ka deZ A ;KL; lEcfU/kfu iwoHZ kkx vkgouh;kReukofLFkr&
Rok|KL; iqjksfgrksfx#P;r bR;Urs A v;eFkZ% lr% L;k|fn
iwoZHkkxek=ksfx% A l rq ikr~ Hkkxsfi fo|rs xkgZiR;kReuk A
nf{k.kHkkxsfi fo|rs nf{k.kkReuk A ,oa fLFkrs lkspsuksfjje&
.kh;k A vfi pkfLeUi{ks ;KkCnks y{k.k;k ;KHkwfeijks okP;% A
;KL; fnkkeHkkokr~ A ;kLdLrq iqjksfgr% iqj ,ua n/krhfr fuoZf A
iqjksxsz fgr% LFkkfir bfr ljya fuoZpue~ A vL; inL; ;ksx:<ksFkksZ
yksos izfl)% A lfr lEHkos l ,ok=k xzk% A dL;k;a iqjksfgrksfx% \
;tekuL;So Hkorq A ;Fkk ;tekuL;kFksZ gksrk kalfr mkrk LrkSfr
v/o;qZtZqgksfr ,oefxgZfonsZokk;fr A ufUonekRoT;e~ A u
ikSjksfgR;e~ A ;nU;L;kFkksZU;% dk; djksrhfr psr~ A uSrnqHk;a
lqrjka fofHkky{k.ke~ A iqjkfgrksfi dekZf.k djksfr ;kT;L;SokFksZ A
iqjksfgra iqjksfgroRdk;Zfuiknoa loZL; ;tekuL; nsosH;ks gfo%
izki.ksusR;f/k;KeFkZ% A vFkk/;kRee~ A iqjksfgra iqjksfgroRdk;Z&
fuiknoa loZL; kjhfj.kks Hkkk.kdeZ.kk A vfxg okxwzi% kjhjskq A
;KL; nsoe~ & nsoefHkekfuua iq#kfo/ke~ A nsok% firjks euq;k bfr
iq#kfo/kk ,o fg O;of;Urs A ,rsukpsruLrqfroS;F;Zkk okfjrk A
_fRota gksrkje~ & gksrkja uke _fRota nsokuka ;kxs A vfxoSZ nsokuka
gksrfs r czk.ke=k Hkofr A dhk% l nsokuka ;kx% dhka rnxLs r=k
gksr`Roe~ \ ;=k lEiw.kZekRekueirorks fo/oLrloZlYiL;
egfkxfekksekSZfuu% kjhjsorjUR;ks fnO;k% k;% Lo;a
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
105
egkUrekRekua ;tUrs l ns o kuka ;kx% A r=k

pkfoHkwZrkfRoknkfoHkwZr& onqipfjrL;kUrjkRekiji;kZ;L;
oSkujL;kxsnsZokuka kr`Roeso gksr`Roe~ A iq.;ikdokkkkks
;kxs Ur% lekjC/ks iz k nq H kw Z r s u oS kujs . kkgw r k ns o rk
LoLokDR;korjsPNjhja izrhfr egrke`kh.kkeuqHko% A ,rkkskj=k
lk{kkknfHk/kk;oskq fuxeskq izif;;ke% A
j/kkree~ & jkuka JsoLrwukefrk;su /kkrkje~ A vx izfl)a
ikFkoa rst% A bZGs LrkSfe gks=kk iz;ksT;RokUeU=kL; gksrk=k drsZfr
lk;.k% A uSkk ;qfDr% A u osoya gks=kk iz;ksT;ks;a eU=k% A v/;s=kk
p cz;Ks iz;
q ks Hkofr A miklosukfi tis iz;
q ks Hkofr A _fkjso
drsZfr ;qe~ A rL; fg okD;a eU=k% A ;L; okD;a l _fkfjfr
rf}n~fHk#Rokr~ A
vFkk=ks;a ehekalk Hkofr A mksfx% izr% ifo/k% A okfxfU;a
;K% iq#kfo/kks nsoksUr;kZeh ikFkoa T;ksfrsfr A ;RikFkoa
T;ksfrjfx#P;rs rnLekdeoxre~ A dFka okfxfU;e~ \ dFka ;K% \
dFka iq#kfo/k% \ dFkeUr;kZeh \ uUoLekfHkrqo/k ,okfx#ks
u ifo/k% A ;Kks fg lk{kkkkfx% A rnfHkekuh nso ,okfxfjfr
psr~ A uSrf}pkjlge~ A ;ks ;L;kfHkekuh nsoks Hkofr l HkkoLrL;
nsoL; dkfpf}HkwfrfjR;H;qixUrO;e~ A rLek}kfxfU;;K&
nsorkUr;kZferokukefxfoHkwfrRoa Hkork O;k[;krO;e~ A v=k
cwez % A rstl% lkjHkwr% dfn.kqjos okfxfU;feR;qP;rs kjhjs A rk
nkra NUnksxkukeqifukfn & ^^rstlksfkrL; =ks/kk foHkkxks Hkofr A
rL; ;% LFkfoks HkkxLrnfLFk ;ks e/;e% l ekk ;ksf.k% lk
106
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
oko~** bfr A uUo=kkfokskkkst me~ A u ikFkoe~ A ;=kkfokskkkst

mP;rs r=kk|ekUrfj{ka rst ,o xzke~ A vkUrfj{kL; rstlks u
ikFkosu dfnfLr lEcU/k% A rLek}kfxfU;eSUeso Hkofr
ukxs;fefr psr~ A vLrq okfxfU;kRedL; rStlL; ijek.kks%
Lo:is.kkUrfj{kT;ksfr% lkE;e~ rFkkfi rL; ikFkokjhjlEcU/kkr~
ikFkoRoa osu ok;Zrke~ \ oLrqr vkUrfj{keso T;ksfr% izfr%
ikFkoL; LFkwyL; p T;ksfrk% A rFkk okfxfU;L;kfi izfr&
HkZorq A rkork rL; u ikFkoRogkfu% A
rstl% deSZo nsorkizo.ka ;K mP;rs A gksrq% kalueqkrqxkZua p
okxwziL;kxsnsZorkizo.ks deZ.kh A gfoxzZg.ka HkkSfrdL;kxs% deZ A ,oa
ckks ;Kksx%s dekZRek A vkH;Urjks ;K oSkujL; lgtlUrr&
KkuTokyk;ka fuk A rnk KkuTokykdkjSo efr% A rkeso lgtka
fLFkfrekg Hkxoku~ je.k% A rnso Hkxork .ksuksDra fLFkrizKRoe~ A
lk p KkuTokyk oSkujkkkfrfjP;rs A oSkujL; fpwiRokr~ A
/keZHkwrk fpRiwokZ A /keHkwrk fpnqkj bfr foksk% A kk[kkLFkkuh;k
iwokZ A ewyLFkkuh; mkj% A vUr;kZx% lqLFkKkuTokykdkjks oSkujL;
KkrqoHkwfrfjR;qDra Hkofr A
kkjhjdL; fp;ksfrk ,o oSkujRokPNjhjL; pkLenknhuka
i`fFkohe;Rok}Skuj% ikFkoa T;ksfrHkZOfr A
vleke~
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
107
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
Hkkocksf/kdk
izFkea e.Mye~
izFkelwL; Hkk;e~ 7
izFkeksuqokd%
lwe~ 1
vFkkrks Hkxon~fHkeZgkfHkZku~ xHkhjkFkkZu~ eU=kku~ _Xosns
kkdydkek;s izfl)ku~ oSfndkuka lrka cks/kk; Hkkocksf/kd;k y?O;k
o`;k O;k[;kL;ke% A
;KL; nsorkjk/kdL; ckL;kH;UrjL; p deZ.k% iqjksfgra
iqjksfgroRizorZdfeR;FkZ%A cks loZL; ;tekuL; vkH;Urjs
loZL;kRekiZdL;sfr lkeF;kZRlEcU/kks/;kgk;Z%A nsoa |ksrekua
iq#kfo/ka nsorkRekue~ A nsok% firjks euq;k bfr iq#kfo/kk ,o fg
O;of;Urs A gksrkje`fRote~ A gksrkja ukeRote~ A nso;kx bfr
ksk% A vfxoSZ nsokuka gksrsfr czk.ke=k Hkofr A iDoL; equs%
loZ L ; kjhjs LoHkkorykUr;kZ x ,o ns o ;kx mP;rs A
r=kkLekdeUrjks fx j s o fnO;khuka krs f r jgL;e~ A
108
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
j/kkreefrk;su JsoLrwuka /kkrkje~ A vfxexz.k cfg%

ikFkoToyu:is.kkUrthZo:is.k p fLFkra izFkee~ A bZGs LrkSfe A
v=k _fkjso dr`HZ kwrkgainkFkZLr}kD;RokUeU=kL; A vxjs k/;kfRedk&
f/kHkkSfrdLo:i;ksnsZorkReuk lg lEcU/kks u osoyefHkeku&
okkr~ A vfi rq nsorkReuks ekgkHkkX;iz;
q kkknkRE;kuqHkokk AA 1AA
lnsok ,g o{kfr AA 2AA
iwofZs Hk% iwo%ZS A mr d p A uwruS% _fkfHk% bZM% LrqR;% A lksfx% A
nsoku~ A bg ;kxs cks vkUrjs ok A vko{kR;kogrq A egkoSHkokuka
nsokuka LoLokffHk% lw{ekfHkjorj.ka fnO;;ksfxtuSdxzke~ A
rn~Hkferka cfg;kZxs yskr% fokskr iDokuka equhukeUr;kZxs p
lEHkofr A iwoZ=k ;Fkkfof/k lfe) vkgqrksfx#kj=k ekulkgkj&
ukksukUr% LoLo:is.kkfHkO;ks tho fnO;khjorkj;r bfr
jgL;e~ AA 2AA
vfxuk dj.kHkwrsu A fnos fnos izfrfnue~ A ikskeso o/kZekueso A
;kla ;kks;qe~ A ohjokeefrk;su ohjoUre~ A ohjk v=k
ohjRoxq.kfofkk% iq=kHk`R;kn;% A j; /kue~ A vkor~ izkiksfr A
mikld bfr ksk% AA 3AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
109

vxs ! Roe~ v/oja glkjfgra ;a ;Ke~ A for% loZr% ifjHkwO;kZ%
vfl A l br~ l ,o ;K% A nsoskq xPNfr A ukU; bfr Hkko% AA 4AA
gksrk A dforq% kUrdekZ cfg;kZxs kUrizKksUr;kZxs A lR;%
dky=k;sI;ck/; vkRe:i% A fp=kJoLreksfrk;su fp=kdhr% A
vfxnsZo% A nsosfHknsZoS% lg A vkxenkxPNrq A nsokuku;fRofr
Hkko%AA 5AA
roskRlR;efj% AA 6AA
v vxs A gs ikFko nso A Roe~ A nkkqks leiZdk; A ;r~ Hka
eye~ A dfj;fl A vfj% gs vfuka jl A rr~ rUeya A ro
br~ roSo A lR;e~ u r=k lak; bR;FkZ% A
nsorkReukfxuk nka deZQya thokRekfxHkqZuhfr nsotho;ks&
jHksnesoa eU=keRR; onfr AA 6AA
110
Hkk;xzUFkekyk

vxs A Roe~ v/oja /ojks glk rfgra A ;a ;Ke~ A for% loZr% A
ifjHkw% vfl O;kks Hkofl A l% br~ l ,o ;K% A nsoskq nsoku~ A
xPNfr izkiksfr nsoku~ izh.kkrhR;FkZ% A
izkP;kfnprqnxUrskq vkgouh;ektkZyh;xkgZiR;kxh/kzh;L;kusoxs
ln~Hkko ,o forks O;kffjfr lk;.k%A rfLeUi{ks fuR;;Kkuke~
vlxzg% A lkse;kxskq p u dL;fpr~ ifjgkj% A HkkSfrdTokykfHk%
leI;Z e k.kL; gfok% A futs u S f U;drs t lks kk;Z e k.kkuka
eU=kk.kkekReuLrstlk leI;Zek.kL; eul O;kfjxs;ZKs forks
O;kffjfr o;a eU;kegsA
;KL; glkjfgrRoa p ikqglk jfgrRoesosfr _tqjFkZ% A
vkpk;Zlk;.kksI;/ojkCnL; glkjfgrfeR;sokFk x`kfr A rFkkfi
rL; rkRi;ZeU;r~ A rL; ers glk u ikqglk:ia deZ A vfirq
jk{klkfnrk ;KL;So glk A ^û fxuk loZr% ikfyra ;Ka
jk{klkn;ks gflrqa izHkofUrA** bfr rnqk ;KL;k/ojRoksiifk%
izrs A eU=ks l ,okFkZsnqf% v/ojkCnL;kss;foksk.kRoa
okD;lEiznk;fo#)e~ A ;a ;Kefxor% iky;fr lks/ojks
Hkorhfr rg okD;a L;kr~ A eU=ks rq vxsorks O;ks% izkxso fl)a
;KL;k/ojRoeuw|rs A rLekRikq;kxizkLR;j{k.kk;So r=k Hkokuhka
iUFkkueoyfEcrokfufr oO;e~ AA 4AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
111
vfxgksZrk dforq% lR;f=kJoLre% A

gksrk A dforq% kUrizK% Lok;khrizK bR;FkZ% A lR;%
vkReLo:i% A fp=kJoLre% vfrk;su fp=kdhr% A vfx% A nso% A
nsosfHk% nsoS% lg A vk xer~ vkxPNrq A
vxsnsZokukeku;usu nsoS% lgkxeua O;k[;kre~ A nso;tuHkwekoxs%
lfk/kkua pk=k izkF;Zr bfr foksk% AA 5AA
vlekIre~
112
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
bUxk;=khHkk;e~
vFkkrsk ek/kqPNUnlhfeUxk;=khesdka O;k[;kL;ke% A

bUk;kfg fp=kHkkuks lqrk bes Rok;o% A
v.ohfHkLruk iwrkl% AA _Xosn% 1-3-4
gs fp=kHkkuks fp=kfdj.k A bU A vk;kfg A v.ohfHkjfyfHk% A
lqrk vfHkkqrk% A ruk fuR;a nskdkykfnfujis{kfefr ;kor~ A
iwrkl% iwrk% A Rok;oLRoka dke;ekuk% A lksek% A bes HkoUrhfr
ksk% A fl)k% ifj;Ur bfr ;kor~ A ,rsukkugsrq#% A gs bU
fl)kaRlksekRikrqek;kghfr rkRi;Ze~ A
dks;feU% ;ek;rs lksea ikrqe~ A v=k kCnL;k{kjkFkZef/kR;
;kLdks onfr A
^^bU bjka .kkrhfr ok A bjka nnkrhfr ok A bjka n/kkrhfr ok A bjka
nkj;r bfr ok A bjka /kkj;r bfr ok A bUnos or bfr ok A bUnkS
jer bfr ok A bU/ks Hkwrkuhfr ok A r|nsua izk.kS% leSU/kaLrn~
bUL;sURofefr foKk;rs A bna dj.kkfnR;kxzk;.k% A bna
nkZukfnR;kSieU;o% A bUnrsoSZ;ZdeZ.k% A bPN=kw.kka nkjf;rk ok A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
113
kof;rk okA njf;rk ok ;Touke~ A** bfr A ,kq i{ksok|k% l

=k;ksUR;k osoyks uS#kukewgizi% A leUo;knuqigluh;k
vfi izcyizek.k:f<iqj%ljSjU;S% i{kSjsrs ikfR;Urs A
fLFkrskq psU/ks Hkwrkuhfr izFke% i{k%A v=k p & ^^bU/kks g oS ukeSk
;ks;a nf{k.ks{kUiq#kLra ok ,rfeU/ka lUrfeU bR;kp{krs ijks{ks.k
ijks{kfiz;k bo fg nsok% izR;{kf}k** bfr oktlusf;uka jgL;czk.ka
izek.ka Hkofr A uuq r=kkf{kiq#k% izLrqr% A v;a p nsorkfokskks ;LeS
lksea fuosn;fr A uSrf}kskoa Hkofr A rFkk fg A ;k nsork lksea
ikrq e kgw ; rs lS o kf{kLFkkuekfJR; p efge k orZ r s A rs u
pkoLFkkufoksks.k izdkk;fr Hkwrkfu A lkf{k.kk Urjs.k izdk;rs
yksd% A mifukk lk{kknf{kiq#kL; nsoRoekg A ijks{kfiz;k bo fg
nsok bfr u pkf{kiq#kL; osoyL;sUinO;ogk;ZRoefLr A ;
bUinsu :<k O;of;rs l ,ok=k y{khf;rs A ;nkg & ^^ra ok
,rfeU/ka lUrfeU bR;kp{kr** bfr A rLekr~ izfl)sU
,okf{kiq#k:iksihfr oO;e~ A rnsrRloZeuqlU/kk;Sokpk;s.Z k
^^bU/ks Hkwrkuhfr** osfr i{k Lohr% A uUoijks fojks/k% A lkf{k.ka
iq#kef{ke.MyLFka ijeknO;frfjDra onfUr osnkUrk% A bUkojks
;% lksea ikrqekgw;rs A ,oa fLFkrs dFkfeU ,okf{ke.MyLFk bR;qP;rs A
k`.kq l[ks A ;|ihU% dk;Z% A rFkkfi txrks/;{k% ijeL; foorksZ
egkukf/kdkfjd% iq#k% A v;a p uO;kuka osnkfUruka Hkkkk;ka dk;Zc
z
uke A lxq.kczukek ok Hkofr A ^^,k czk ; _fRo; bUks uke
Jqrks x`.ks** bR;U;=k fuxeks Hkofr A l p fgj.e;% iq#k% ^^bUks
otzh fgj.e;** bR;U;=k fuxekr~ A l ,o lw;Ze.Mys iqu%
114
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izfrfcfEcrksf{ke.Mys p A ijekReu ,okoLFkkua f=k:iRosusfr

u dff}jks/k% A
^^r|nsua izk.kS% leSU/kaLrfnUL;sURo** fefr f}rh;% i{k% A mnkra
psna opua czk.ka lk{kkn~Hkofr A b/;r brhU/k% A bU/k ,osU bfr
O;qRifkj=kkJ;.kh;k A os izk.kS% leSU/knsue~ A i`fFkO;knhfu Hkwrkuhfr
cwze% A i`fFkO;knhfu fg Hkwrkfu LoLolkjHkwrSeZu%izHk`frfHk%
izk.kSthZosukReuk fon;izfofeea izdkk;fUr A o;a fg
izk.koUreso lkUrjkRekua tkuhe% A
bna dj.kkfnU bfr r`rh;% i{k% A l ,k vkxzk;.kL;kpk;ZL;
lEer% A bna djksrhrhnj%A bnj ,osU bR;fLeUi{ks O;qRifk% A
iwoZ;ks% i{k;ksoZ.kkZnsko.kkZxekS A vfLeUi{ks o.kZfoi;Z; o.kZyksikS A
uuq ij ,okL; drkZ oDrqfeks osnkfUruke~ A u dk;Z% A rL;
lksikf/kdRosu HkwrHs ;ksfi dfuRokr~ A lR;e~ A r=k Hkokukpk;ZLrq
f=ko`RrL; foL; ifj;ekuL; drkZjeso y{khdjksfr A
ukO;kuka Hkwrlw{ek.kke~ A rLekRleFkZuh; ,o Hkofr A
;|I;fLefkoZpus kCna izek.ka :f<okZ ukfLr A rFkkfi txn/;{kkuqfe&
R;uqow yfena fuoZpue~ A vfi p ukekFkksZ okP;L; y{k.ka psnH~ kofr
rL; lqegkEHkh; L;kr~ A y{k.ka pk/;{kL; ifj;ekuL; txr%
dr`ZRoe~ A
bna nkZukfnU bfr prqFkZ% i{k% A v=k p ^^l tkrks HkwrkU;fHk&
O;S[;fRdfegkU;a okofnkfnfr A l ,reso iq#ka czrreei;&
fnnenkZfefr A rLekfnnUks ukesnUks g oS uke rfenUa lUrfeU
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
115
bR;kp{krs ijks{ks.k A ijks{kfiz;k bo fg nsok% A** bR;Srjs;kj.;dxzUFk%

izek.ka Hkofr A l ,k i{k vkSieU;oL;kpk;ZL; lEer% A
rLekfnnUks ukesR;=k kjHkxoRiknLrq rkRi;Zesrnkgq% A bea
ijekRekua i;fr tho% izr% LokRer;k ;rs lk{kknijks{kkfnfr
ijekResnU bfr ok rskka u;% A ;|I;sk Hkkoks fonqkka lEer%
lkekU;r% A rFkkfi okD;a izra resreFk for;So lwrs A
vU;ksLR;FkZ% A ;ks fonqkka lEer% L;kr~ A ; fodYiukfojfgr% A
;ksi;Rl ,osnU% A ^^l ,reso iq#ka czrreei;&
fnnenkZfefr** bfr izrL;kuqizfoL;SoknkZfeR;usukfUor&
RokfnnUkCnkFkZL; rL;So HkforqegZRokr~ A u pkHkhfIlrgkfu&
jsoe~ A lksuqifz o% A ,reso iq#ka LokRekuesokuqifz oa rrea O;krea
czki;fnR;FksZ iwokZFkZL;So HkUrjkikRokr~ A dksu;ksoksk% A
;% ijekRek kjhjkuqizfosu LokRer;k % l bU bfr iwoksZFkZ% A
;% kjhjkuqizfo% LokRekua cz:iei;Rl bnU bR;qkjksFkZ% A
HkxoRiknkuka psUkCnkFksZ u dfnkxzg% A kq)kuqizfo;ksjHksn&
fu:i.k ,o rskka iz;% A l f}rh;sI;FksZ lQyks Hkos}kD;kFkZ
_tq% L;kfnfr {keUrke=kkLekukpk;kZu;q kf;u% A oLrqrLrq f}rh;ksFkZ
,o lr% A bUinsu dk;Z ,o O;of;rs eU=kczk.k;ks% izk;% A
yksos p rnuqlkjs.kSosU bR;kp{kr bfr okD;ko;oks O;k[;krqe~
mfpr% A ijks{kfiz;k bo fg nsok bfr nsoina pkf/kdkfjdiq#kije=k
ijczijRosu ;kstf;rqa fok jhfrjkJ;.kh;k A bUL; kjhjkuqifz o&
ijRosu ukLekoa fdefi izkfrowY;e~ A kjhja p lefO;fHksnknqHk;&
fo/ka pk=k dFkf;rO;e~ A l tkrks Hkw r kU;fHkO;S [ ;fnfr
Hkwruke:iO;kdj.kL; lefkjhjkuqizfodk;ZRokr~ A rnuql`R;
O;fkjhjkuqifz oL; uke:iO;kdj.ka rq Hkofr A vuqifz olkekU;L;
116
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
izrRokk A vfLekso f}rh;sFksZ vkSieU;o% izkphure vkpk;Z%

lPNrs A bna nkZukfnU bR;=k nkZuL; drSZosU bfr O;k[;krqa
fg kD;rs A
bUnrsoSZ;ZdeZ.k bfr ie% i{k% A v=k cyh;lh :f<oZrZrs A
bUs jkCnkS rqY;kFkkSZ kCnkke;kZn;k yksdO;ogkjk p A rkS
lksiinkS ifjfPNkkFkkSZ Hkor% A ;Fkk ujsUks ujsjks ok jktk e`xsUks
e`xsjks ok lg% A fu#iinkS rq txn/;{kijkoso HkforqegZr% A
r;ks% izkphukuka Hkkkk;kfeUina O;ogkjs eq[;eklhr~ A uO;kuka
Hkkkk;kehjina eq[;a orZrs A lksiin;ks#Hk;ksjFk rqY;a ;sh&
oqoZfUr rs fu#iin;ksLRoFkZHksna dYif;rqa iz;rUrs A ,rnsok;Ze~ A
,rnFkZd ,o cknjk;.kkfnfHk% iz;
q ks/;{kkCn% A ,rsu izHkqfoHkwkCnkS
p O;k[;krkS Hkor% A izkpka Hkkkk;kefuUk v/kqukrukuka Hkkkk;ka
fujhjk% A ^^bZjksfLr A fokl% dk;Z% A** bR;/kqukrukukekfLrdkuka
okX/kksj.kh A ^^bUksfLr A J)k dk;kZ A** bfr izkpke~ A ^^JnLeS
/kk ltukl bU%** bR;=k rnsrfkiq.ka fu:fire~ A bUL;
txnhjRoizfrikndkfu ekU=ko.kdkfu izek.kokD;kfu cgwU;qkj=k
O;k[;k;sjfkfr uk=k rkfu izn;ZUrs A ,oa ikfi eq[;rek bUin&
fuoZpui{kkLrqY;eknrZO;k% lxzg.s k fu:firk% A vknkosrkoe% A
txrks/;{k% ifj;ekuL; lko;oL; txr% drkZ izkK% loZlk{kh
fpkkfnfuf[kyizk.kkfekUiq#k bU% A
vFkkU;k ehekalk Hkofr A d futsu Lo:is.kk;kghfr izHkqjkgw;rs A
mrkgks osfnLFka ikodekosqe~ A vkgksfLonkkua Hkke~ A uk|%A
losZofi ;kxskq losZI;soek;Urs A u Dokfi izHkqut:is.kkxR;
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
117
lksea ihrokfufr k`.kqe% A gO;okgRoefxSoa ekHkwr~ A ,oa psnLrq

f}rh;% A vf; lksfi u lPNrs A vkkukRiwo ;kkksfx%
vkkukRijr rkk ,o ;rs A ;fn rekfo% L;kso% A
osukI;koskfysu HkforO;e~ A rk u izR;{ke~ A osoyk
J)krwiU;L;ekuk lR;ppkZoljskq u kksHkrs A izek.kcyknx
gO;okga cwze bfr psr~ A rfeUL;kkusu A vfxjso izkF;Zrka
lksea oks<qfeUk; A ,oa psnLrq r`rh;% i{k% A rFkk fl/;snFkZ% A
vU;kLR;kir~ A vkkua psn~Hkke~ A vkxeua ikua p HkkDrs Lr% A
v/kqukrukukekfuosnuoRi;ZoL;sRlksefuosnue~ A ,oa psUekLRofx% A
lYiks fgrs Qyn% A
v=kksP;rs A fojkMi L; foHkksjfxjos kkknuL; dj.kHkwr% L;kr~ A ;ks
e.MykUroZrhZ iq#k% czk.Ms loZeI;kReh;dj.kRosu euq;ks
futko;okfu oksi;ksDrqehs A vfxkCnsu lw;ZL;kfi xzg.ke~ A
oSkujL; lxzgLrq u i`FkXoO;% A rst% lkekU;okpd
,okfxkCnks=kkLekfHk#i;q% A bneqDra Hkofr A ;Rlw;sZ.k kks;rs
;nfxuk nrs ;k oSkujs.k iP;rs rL; loZL;kfi lefkS
izHkqjso Hkksk A ,rsu okokfn fuxw<fo|qRikdksfi O;k[;kr% A
O;fk ikejks O;ogjfr A vxkS fdefi izf{kiUrhfr A lefk
if.Mrks O;ogjfr A vfxeq[ksu HkksDraq gfojhjk; nh;r bfr A
;L; ;kof}Kkua rL; rkorh oko~ A ikejO;ogkjlaokfnuh usfr u
iwoZskka nh/kZkke`kh.kka okxqigluh;k A uUosoeLrq A rFkk lfr ra
deZfHk% A HkquDR;so Lo;ehk% A rL; fd;kke ;TofHkjire~ A
vfi pkkikpdksfi Toyu bU/kunkuk|TokL;kr~ x`gnkgdksfi
Toyus x`gleiZ.kk|Tok L;kr~ A rkr fofp=kLroksiU;kl% A
118
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
k`.oofgr% A ;su ikpdnkgdkn;ks;Toku ,o L;q% A ; ,dLeS

nnnsdrkskeU;rLrkM;sRl d rL;kjk/kd% L;kr~ A ; ,dLeS
nnnka rsu futa deZ dkj;sRl ok d rL;kjk/kd% L;kr~ A msk
losZkq dk;sZkq eq[;ks Hkofr A rLek|FkkU;L; ck/kk u Hkofr ;Fkk
p LokFkZ% dfnfi nsokuqxzgtknU;ks u r=k L;kr~ A rFkk
ijesjk;kfLRofr f;ek.ka tkrosnfl gfokks nkua foHkksjkjk/kuk;
Hkofr A ;Fkk izfrQyfujis{ka HkDR;k nkekefrFks% x`gnkgd%
lefthoL; HkxorksakHkwrkuka cgwuka O;fthokuka glk;S
Hkofr A ikpdLrq ijesjL; foHkwR;kfxuk futa ikd:ia deZ
lk/k;fr A rLekkSrkosrkkks okU;ks ;ToinkgkZ% mskfojg&
Skke;ToRos gsrqfjrjuUoU;k rokifk% A ikquk ;s ;tUrs rs
ikksglk;S HkofUr A rs dFka ;Toku% A lR;a Ro;ksfnre~ A
uk=kkL;kpkZ;k% le;% A o;a p eU=kkUO;k[;krqe|
q rk% A ;=k Dokfi
eU=ks ikqleiZ.kfya ;fn L;kr~ rnkLekfHk% lek/ks;e~ A u o;e=k
rRizR;k izLrqe% A vfLr cU;}O;eLekde~ A vizLrqrizlsu
ikBdkk JkUrkUdrqZeqRlgkegs A
uuq fl)efxuk eq[ksu foHkqHkquZ f izfrQyfujis{ks.k lrk nkfefr A
r=k eU=kk% fdeFkkZ% \ fo/k;% fdeFkkZ% \ Hkko% osoyks fg Qyn% A
lR;e~ A rFkkfi fu;ek% LoYikH;qn;k; J)k;S p HkoUrhfr eU=kk
fo/k; A
AA bfr JhHkxoUegkje.kkUrsokfluks okflL;
ujlglwuksxZ.kirs% frfjUxk;=khHkk;a leke~ AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
119
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
vfxlDw rHkk;e~
vFkkrks Hkxor% kfiq = kL; ijkkjL;kk uolw D ra
}knkeuqokdekx;s a O;k[;kL;ke% A r=kk|kuka lwkuka f}inkfojkV~
NUn% A vUR;kuka =k;k.kka f=kqi~ A ks lw ,dfLekSdknk _p%
kskskq izfrlwDra nk nk _p bfr loksZ;euqokd ,duofreU=kks
Hkofr A
r=k izFkeL; lwL;ses izFkek f}rh;s Hkor% A &
ik u rk;qa xqgk prUra
ueks ;qtkua ueks ogUre~ AA 1AA
ltkskk /khjk% inSjuqXeu~
mi RoklhnfUos ;t=kk% AA 2AA
meLekfHk% izko~ Hkxokufxjk/;kfRedkf/knSfodkf/k&
Hkk;e~ HkkSfroS% Lo:iSffo/k% A izFkea Lo:ia iqu}fo/ka
ikFkookXthoHksnkr~ A f}rh;a p hiqaHksnkfnfr A rskq
foHkwfrizHksnskq oSkujk[;a thoLo:iexsj=k izk;% izLrw;rs A
vFk izra eU=k;ks;XZq eL;k{kjkFkZeuqljke% A xqgk xqgk;kfeo xqgk;ka]
120
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ioZrxqgksiekurLdji{ks] kjhjkUrxqZgksies;kfxi{ks A ik iso

ik] rLdji{ks ikqxkZ%S ] vfxi{ks ikqokZo~ ] i;fr i;UR;k o`;sfr
ikq#P;rs oko~] xoso fLFkr;k okpk lgsfr ;kor~ A prUra xPNUra
iz f ofefr ;kor~ A okD;ijS o k=k xz k k A rL;k ,o
rstksf.klkjkRedoLrqRokr~ A i;Urhe/;ekoS[k;ZLrq r}`fkfokskk
,o fg HkofUr A ijk;k LFkkua ewyk/kkjekp{krs A oSkujL;kReuLrq
n;e/kkseq[ke~ A rLdjksfi xqgk;ka xw<% Lo;a xqgke/;s frsr~ A
virka xka p LoL; i`rks c/kh;kr~ A ,ofegkihfr LokjL;e~ A
ue% vka] ;qtkua ;qtkua fdj.kkse.kk ipuk; oqf{kLFkkueke~
vkfokUrfeR;FkZ% A ue% vka] ogUra loZkjhjk; izki;Ura] vkL;
lkj ,ok=k ue% kCnsu foof{kr% AA 1AA
Rok Roke~] ltkskk% lgokflu%] /khjk% /kheUr%] fos losZ] ;t=kk%
nsok%] ;kxkgZRok|t=kkCnsu gfoHkkZtks nsok mP;Urs A inS% y{k.kS%]
tML; kjhjL; xHkkZ o LFkk;ka fLFkrL; lps r ups k:iS % A
foKk;sR;FkkZnkf{kI;rs A vuqXeu~ vUoxeu~ vuqizkk bfr ;kor~ A
vuqizkI; p mi lehis] lhnu~ vklhnu~] fuk.kk bfr ;kor~ A kjhjs
tho:iL; oS kujL; iz o s kknuUrja lks e lw ; kZ n ;ks ns o k
eu{kqjkfn:is.k izoskeoqoZfkfr Hkko% A
vk;qonZs Kskq ospu oq{kkS ikpoa i`Fkxx dYi;fUrA rskq lw{enku&
Lrq oqf{kLFk meSo ikpd bfr Hk.kfUr A l p oSkujfdj.ktknwe.kks
ukfrfjP;rsA NUnksxkukeqifukfn oSkujfo|k;ka oSkujL;kReRosu
izLrkoseeFk leFkZ;fr A vfLefUok;s lEHkkO;k% iwoZi{kk% losZ
ukS/klnkZuHkk; ,okLekfHk% ifjrk% A rLekk HkzfEkRkO;a
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
121
thokReuksU;ks oSkuj% ikpdksfxfjfr A iwoZi{k% vFk l[ks !

;fn oko~ vxsjsoa :ieHkfo;r~] rg vfx}/kkRekua Rok
xqgka izfo bR;o{;r~ A okpk lgsR;qfjxos kZpa lqrjka fHkkka O;t;fr A
rk rokfufefr psr~ A mkji{k% uSk nksk% A foHkwfrHksnfoo{k;k
gSj.;Lrwis nkZus lfor`lw;Z;ksfjok=k okXoSkuj;ksHksZnsu O;ogkjks
Hkofr AA 2AA
r`rh;s;a Hkofr A
_rL; nsok vuqorz kxq&
HkqZoRifjf|kSZuZ Hkwe% AA 3AA
vuqorz k% vuqthfou%] nsok%] _rL; oSkujL;kx%s ] vfxokZ
Hkk;e~ _rfefr czk.ke=k Hkofr A _rL;sfr lEcU/kkBk
izrexs% LFkkua kjhjkUrxqgkf{kI;rs A rka xq% vxq%]
izkiqfjfr ;kor~ A ,oesrsu iknsu HkX;Urjs.k iwoksZeuw|
dff}kske~ vkg A ifjf% vUosk.ka] Hkqor~ vHkwr~ A rk nsodròZ a
oSkujdeZoa izdj.kkr~ A Lo Lo fpUrunkZukfn:ik kf% oqrks
ewyknk;krhfr fopkj ,o eu{kqjkfn:ik.kka nsokuka oSkujkUosk.ka
Hkofr A vFk ifjs% Qyi;ZUrk;k ,o foo{kk A vr% vUosk.kkuUrja
nsok vx oSkuja izkiqofkR;FkkZH;rsA rnuUrja Hkwe Hkwfe% ikFkoa
kjhja izdj.kkr~ A |kSuZ LoxZ bo] vkuUnfoKkuk|frk;kRLoxZrYq ;a
Hkorhfr ;kor~ A
ekuoskq ;s HkofUr ;ksfxuLrUeu{kqjkfn:insodròZ a rnUrjkRe&
122
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
HkwroSkujdeZoa ekxZ.kesok=k izLrqre~ A rkkkUosk.kkJ;Hkwr&

kjhjL;kskjokD;s LoxZlk;izkfo.kZukr~ AA 3AA
prqFkhZ;a Hkofr A
o/kZUrheki% iUok lqfkfe`rL;
;ks uk xHksZ lqtkre~ AA 4AA
_rL; foKkuL;] foKkuefi _reqP;rs] ,rnLekfHk&
Hkk;e~ ekZ/kqPNUnlnkZuHkk;s 1- 2- 8 lqq fu:fire~ A ;ks uk
;ks ukS LFkkus] ;rks foKkueqRi|rs rf}KkuL; LFkkua]
;f}KkuizfrfcEcxzkgoa] foKkulkjLFkya ok rnfi foKkuL;
LFkkue~ A v=k f}rh;esokfHkizsre~ A xHksZ kqkksf.krlEHkos] xHkZL;
fir`foKkuizfrfcEcxzkgdRokrLFkkuRoa lqtkra lqq vfHkO;Dra
loZO;kidL;kI;kReu% Dofpnsoksikf/kcyk)hLiwR;kZ r=k tkrRoa
y{k.k;ksP;rs A iUok LrqR;k] miyf{kre~ A cU/kwuka oqykfHko`f)&
lUrkskkr~ nsokuka p HkkSfrdikdQynkZugkkZr~ bfr izdj.kksfpr%
lEcU/k% lqfk kksHkua fkkq]a fkkqjos fkf#P;rs A b oSkujex]
vki% o/kZfUr o/kZ;fUr A ekr`Hkf{krkklkj:ik bfr nSojkrks
xtkuu% A mikf/kHkwrJsizk.kkfRedk bfr Hkkj}kt% dikyh A vika
lkjks fg Js% izk.k% A vk|s i{ks o/kZdRoa lk{kk)k=khonike~
f}rh;fLeUo/kZdRoeqipfjrkFk kffotÈHkdRos A uUok|sI;qi&
pfjrkFk] vxso`Zf){k;kHkkokr~ A u A fofkkfHkizk;s.k rRlEHkokr~ A
vU;Fkkfi O;k[;krqa kD;s;eò~ A _rL; ;ksuk foKkuLFkkuHkwrs
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
123
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;ksxcygsrqdks efgek A iUok LrqR;k ekgkRE;nkZufofLerkuka
tukukfefr
lEcU/k% A lqfk lqq kksHkekua b oSkuja
vki% o/kZfUr A vki bR;Urfj{k uke A vUrfj{ka fg lUrra kfnkusu
;ksfxueuqx` kfr A rnsrgL;a ;ksfxtuek=kKs;e~ A
124
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_XosneU=kHkk;e~
x`RlenL; ^x.kkuka Ros* R;kfnlwDrs

1&16 eU=kk.kka Hkk;e~
vFk nsorkes.k foHkT; Kkufuf/kekfnosna O;k[;kL;ke% A r=k

osnL; eU=kkRedRokUeU=kk.kka p kCnkRedRok.kLirs
kCnnsorkRoknkSfpR;su czk.kLiR;eknkS O;k[;k;rs A
HkkxZo% kqudiq=kks x`Rlenks Hkxoku`fkczk
Z .kLiR;kfu pROkkfj lwkfu
nnkZ A v;e`fkjkfjlL; kqugks=kL;kSjlks HkkxZoL; kqudL; f=ke%
iq=k bfr dkR;k;u% A vLR;fjl% kqugks=k% ks e.Mys };ks% 33]
34 lw;ksZk A ^^v;a fgrs qkugks=kskq lkse bURok;k ifjfkks
enk; ** 2- 18- 6 bR;=kkReu% kkSugks=kRoa x`Rlensu lwfpre~ A
x`Rlen kkSud bfr izflf)xksZ=kizojlw=kskq A mHk;ks% lkejL;a
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HkkxZokkSugks=kxkRlZensfr =;kksZ;esde~ A HkkxZoxkRlZensfr
}kks;Z eije~ A xkRlZensR;sdkks;Z eU;r~ A kkSuosR;sdkks;Z ferjr~ A
r=k izFke% i{kksLekoa izr% A ;=k kqugks=kks f}rh;% izoj _fk% A
x`RlenL; f=keiq=kRosu HkkxZoRos fl)sfi kqugks=kL; dFka
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125
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x`Rlenkuka f}xks=kskq ikBks ;rs A rLeknfoluh;ikSjkf.kddFkk&
oyEcua dkR;k;uL; dFkkude~ A kqugks=kkiji;kZ;L; kqudL;
lk{kkRiq=k ,o x`Rlen% A** bR;kgq% A
x`RlenL;kksZkq czk.kLiR;skq lwDrskq x.kkuka RosR;sdksuokR;`pa
izFkea lwe~ A 1& 23 tkxre~ A in;UR;s f=kqHkkS A
x.kkuka Rok x.kir gokegs
do dohukeqieJoLree~ A
T;sjkta cz.kka cz.kLir
vku% k`.okwfrfHk% lhn lknue~ AA 1AA
cz.k% kCnczkiji;kZ;L; o.kkZRedkCnizrs&
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x.kL; lewgL; ir izFkeks x.kkCnks e#kkednsork&
okpd% f}rh;% lewgokpd bfr u iqu#f% A dohuka kUr&
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vfrk;suksieJok mieJoLreLre~ A cz.kka eU=kk.kka czkCn%
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ine/;LFksu foksks.k lkekU;L;kUo;NkUnl% euq;k.kka czk.kkuka
ifrfjfronqiifk% A Rok Roke~ A gokegs vk;ke% A o;fefr ksk% A
u% vLekde~ A kq.okkd.kZ;u~ vkkufeR;FkkZH;rs A mfrfHk%
j{kkfHk% lg A lnua ;kfKdkuka u;s ;kxHkwfee~ ;ksfxuka u;s kjhje~ A
126
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vk lhn mifok A lnufeR;=kkfnLojnh?kZ% lafgrk;ka NkUnl% A

cz.kLifrj{kjnsorsfr izfrKkre~ A rnqkjL;ke`fp fu:if;;ke%
A rfRl)oDr`RokL;ke`fp drZO;ka ehekalkfeg izorZf;;ke% A
vfLr rU=kskq iqjk.kskq dkO;skq
cz.kLifrjso rkfU=kdks x.kifr% p izfl)ks x.kifrukZe nso% A
rL; pkokguknkS LekrSxZ .Z kkuka
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o.;Zrs A ^^vPNkonruk fxjk tjk;S cz.kLifre~ A vx fe=ka u
nkZre~ ** 38- 13 A ek#rs lw ,k eU=k% A cz.kLifreZ#rke~
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127
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ohuka uk;dks fouk;d% A
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frfFkxzg.kkH;klokkfnfr cks/;e~ A v=k osnkUrjkis{k;k lkeosnk;
izk/kkU;nkua kCns xku;qL; izk/kkU;kr~ A ,oa ^ôsnkuka lkeosnksfLe**
bfr xhrkxzUFk% lPNrs A
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128
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u LiqVRoe~ A fufekkfekgkRE;k&
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rnso czke~ A czSokfefr foxzg% A czkesdesoka
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rkkkuka nhI;rka cz.kka ifrcz
Z .kLifrfjfr T;sjkta cz.kkfefr
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Lo:ia rq kCnczSosfr fok;ks u foLerZO;% A uuq ^^T;sjkta Hkjs
qe*~ * 8- 16- 3 ^^T;s eU=kks fopkZ.ks** 10- 50- 4 bR;knkfoU
kCnczifr% A kCncz:i o.kr bfr psr~ A uSk nksk% A
bUfoHkwfrkq cz.kLirsjU;reRokr~ A cz.kksRos izek.kkfu
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nsokuka pkfxeq[kRoe~ A rLekkkfLr nsork izR;{ka gfox`Zkrhfr A
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129
rk;% ikSjkf.kddFkkLrq Hkkk% izR;{kfojks/kknqiifkfojks/kkk A

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130
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bR;qiekue~ A ;Fkk rstlka izfr% lw;ZLrstks& forhuka rFkk
kCnkuka izfrc`ZgLifr% kCnforhukfefr LokjL;e~ A ;fn
c`gLifrjkdkknsork rg & ^^nsoh nsoL; jksnlh tfu=kh c`gLir
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uuq c` g Lirs j {kjns o rkRos dFka
c`gLifrcz.kLiR;ksjHksn% cz.kLirsj{kjnsorkRoe~ A ukeHksn
,ok;a u okP;Hksn bfr czwe% A
cz.kLirsjos c`gLifrfjfr ukekUrje~ A x.kkuka Rosfr lwDrsUR;%
Lrks=kksilagkjeU=k% A fksoknklq & 1] 5] 9] 11] 17 & bfr iSo
cz.kLifrukefyoUr% A ,oefi _fkjUrr ,dksuoks eU=ks &
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lw D ra lo cz k .kLiR;a d.Bjos . k of A rs u Kki;fr
c`gLifrcz
Z .kLirsukZU; bfr A uuq lwDrs c`gLirscgZ eq U=kHkkXRosfi
izFkeeU=kL; czk.kLiR;RokRlwL; czk.kLiR;Roa y{k.k;k lk/
kuh;fefr psr~ A uSkk ;qfjofkrs A mkjlwDrs izFkeeU=kL;
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
131
c` g Lifrukefyoos fi Lrks = kks i la g kjs lw L; loZ L ;

czk.kLiR;RosuSo dhrZukr~ A
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dfun}kokrh #nktr~** 4- - bfr c`gLirs% A r=kSo eU=ks
^^llqq Hkkl _Dork x.ksu** bfr c`gLirsx.Z kifookjksirs Roa dF;rs A
cz.kLifr [;krks x.kifr% A uuq ^^mk vktnfjksH;
vkfo.oUxqgklrh%** 14- - bR;knkS xokeq)j.ke~ A ^^fukqlhn
x.kirs x.kskq** 10- - bR;knkS x.kifrRoa psUL;kfi o.;sZr bfr
psr~ A r=kksDra uSk nksk bUfoHkwfrkq cz.kLirsjU;reRokfnfr A
rksUdk.Ms Lia fu:if;;ke% A
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ifijsLoZkks cgq lkoa flflpq#Rlef.ke~ A** 2- 24- 4
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unh ueq n fuf{k;Ure~ A fukHkkj pela u
o`{kk`gLifrojos.kkfoR; A** 10- 68- 8 bfr c`gLirs% A bna
pklk/kkj.kdeSZD;a c`gLifrcz.kLiR;Hksnlk/kde~ A
beka f/k;a lkh.khZfefr ckgZLiR;s lwDrs 8- 67 =k;ks eU=kk% 67- 8 es.k ;Urs A ^^bUks oya jf{krkja nq/kkuka djs.kso fopdrkZ
jos.k LosnkftfHkjkfkjfePNekuksjksn;Rif.kekxk veq.kkr~ A l b
lR;s f Hk% lf[kfHk% kq p n~ f Hkxks Z / kk;la fo/kulS j nnZ A
cz.kLifro`ZkfHkoZjkgS?kZeZ[ksnsfHkZfo.ka O;kuV~ A r lR;su eulk
132
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
xks i r xk b;kuk l bk.k;Ur /khfHk% A c` g LifreFkks

vo|isfHk#nqf;k vl`tr Lo;qfXHk% A** ijLijlEc)k ,rs eU=kk% A
v=kSdeso desZUcz.kLifrc`gLirhuka HkhHksnsu o.;Zrs A
;Kks fnoks u`lnu bfr lwDrs 7 & 97 izFkesUukefyorh A
r`rh;sUcz.kLifrukefyorh A 1] 2] 4] 5] 6] 8] & kM`pks
ckgZLiR;k% A uoE;ka Lrks=keqilagjk`fkjsoa cwrz s A ^^b;a oka cz.kLirs
lqof` cz
Z Us k; oftz.ks vdkfj A vfoa f/k;ks ftx`ra iqjU/khtZtLre;ksZ
ouqkk ejkrh%A** b;a lqo`ffjfr izkxqLrqfrijkekZ% A czsfr
Lrq f rfoks k.ke~ A eU=k:ik Lrq f rfjfr ;kor~ A ;fn
cz.kLirsc`ZgLifrjU;% rg bULrks=kiwoZoa c`gLirs% Lrks=ka Rok
^^b;a oka cz.kLirs** bR;qilagkjks uksii|rs A d p milagkjs
izLrqrka izkFkZuka iwj;kqkjkekg A ^^c`gLirs ;qofeU oLoks
fnO;L;skkFks mr ikFkoL; A /kka j; Lrqors dhj;s fp|w;a
ikrLofLrfHk% lnk u% A** bfr uoE;kfeUkcz.kLirh izrkS
rnFkZijw .kk; izo` kk;keqkjL;ke`fp fRoUkc`gLirh A vHksn ,oksii|r
bZkh kSyh A bUL; foHkwR;Urjk=ksUkcz.kLiR;ksHksnZ dFkue~ A
c`gLifroskka cz.kka tuf;rk A cz.kLifr cztud
mP;rs A ;Fkk ^îzuwua cz.kLifreZU=ka onR;qDFke~ A ;fLefkUks
o#.kks fe=kks v;Zek nsok vksdkafl pfjs A** 1- 40- 5 _kh.kka
kjhjs ijkokxzwis.k frUcz.kLifrjso eU=ka onrhfr rL;So eU=k&
oe~ A
c` g LifrokZ p Lifr% iz f l)% A u os oya okpka tuf;rk A
cz.kLifrSoe~ A ;Fkk iwoZL;ke`fp O;k[;kre~ A uuq czkfi
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
133
okpLifrfjfr psr~ A uSk fojks/k% A cz.kksfi cz.kLirsjuU;&

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uZjkkal bfr ukekUrja ;rs A r=k ujk vkleUrkPNalUrhea
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bfr ckgZLiR;s lwDrs c`gLirsuZjkkal bfr ukekUrje~ A ,oa
cgqfHkySczZ.kLirsukZekUrjeso c`gLifrfjfr fl/;fr AA 2AA
vkfock/;k ifjjkiLrekafl p
T;ksfreUra jFke`rL; frfl A
c`gLirs Hkheefe=knEHkua
j{kksg.ka xks=kfHkna Loone~ AA 3AA
gs c`gLirs A Hkhea k=kw.kka Hk;je~ A vfe=k nEHkua
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oskkja vrhfU;kjfefr ;kor~ A T;ksfreUra rstks;
q e~ A _rL;
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134
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_XosneU=kHkk;e~
135
mesokFk <;fr A gs cz.kLirs A lqxksik% kksHkuks

Hkk;e~ j{kdLRoe~ A ;e~ A j{kfl A re~ A vag% ikie~ A u
frfr#fjR;qkj=k Jo.kkkr ,dopue=kk/;kgk;Ze~ A u
frrsj u glfr orZekukFksZ fyV~ A yqyfyVka NUnfl
loZydkjkFksZkq fodYisukuqfkRokr~ A oqru brjLeknfi
loZLekfnfr ;kor~ A nqfjra ikie~ A u frrsj A vkRera ijra ok
ikia ra glrhR;FkZ% A vfi p ra vjkr;% k=ko% A u frfr#% u
glfUr A };kfou% oplk fiz;a onUrks eulk fofiz;a drq lYi;Urks
odk A u frfr#% A vLekn~HkDrkkukr~ A fok br~ lokZ
,o A /ojl% gfldk% iztk% fo ck/kls AA 5AA
Roa uks xksik% ifFkf}p{k.k&
Lro ozrk; efrfHktZjkegs A
c`gLirs ;ks uks vfHkjks n/ks
Lok ra eeZrqZnqPNquk gjLorh AA 6AA
gs c`gLirs A Roe~ A u% vLekde~ A xksik% j{kd% A d
Hkk;e~ p fop{k.kks fokkynkZu% A ifFkr~ ekxZr~ A vLekoa
fuiq.kks ekxZnkhZ p HkolhR;FkZ% A ro A ozrk;kjk/kuk; A
efrfHkcqZ)qiyf{krSeZU=kS% A tjkegs Lrqe% A ;% A u% vLekde~ A
vfHk vfHky{; A j% dkSfVY;a odRofefr ;kor~ A n/ks n/kkfr A
ra ode~ A Lok Lodh;k gjLorh ukkdkferh A nqPNquk
nqcqZf)% eeZrqZ ekj;rq AA 6AA
136
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
mr ok;ks uks epZ;knukxlks&

jkrh ok erZ% lkuqdks o`d% A
c`gLirs vira orZ;k iFk%
lqxa uks vL;S nsoohr;s f/k AA 7AA
gs c` g Lirs A mr vfi p A vjkrhok k=kq e ku~
Hkk;e~ vLePN=kqHkwrifjokj;q bR;FkZ% A lkuqd% leqfPNr%
/kucykfnukskr bR;FkZ% A o`d% o`doRozw j% A miekuL;k=k
foksk.kr;k funsZkks foks;s rq.kkf/kD;|ksruk; A ;ks ok A erZ%
euq;% A vukxl% fujijk/kku~ A u% vLeku~ A epZ;kr~ gL;kr~ A
ra euq;e~ A iFk% vLekoa ekxkZr~ A vi orZ; fuorZ;A u%
vLekoa vL;S A ns o ohr;s ns o xr;s ^ôh xfrO;kf&
iztudkUR;luLoknuskq** uk=k LoknukFkZdks ohfr kCn%A ija rq
xR;FkZd vkSfpR;kr~ A vkRekua nsorkH;% leiror _ks&
thZfor;k=kSo nsoxfr% A lqxa lqq xUrqa kD;a ekxZe~ A f/k oq# A
orZ;sR;=k lafgrk;ka nh?kZNkUnl% A vjkrhR;=k lekls AA 7AA
=kkrkja Rok ruwuka gokegs&
oLirZjf/kokjeLe;qe~ A
c`gLirs nsofunks fucgZ;
eknqjsok mkja lqeeqkku~ AA 8AA
voLirZ% volk j{k.ksu ikjf;r% A ruwukeLen~&
Hkk;e~ vkuke~ A =kkrkja j{kde~ A vf/kokjeLeku~
vf/kdkUokje~ A vLe;q e LekfuPNUre~
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
137
laLdj.kk;kLekaRLohoqoZUrfeR;FkZ% A Rok Roke~ A gokegs

vk;ke% A gs c`gLirs A nsofun% nsofuUndku~ A fucgZ; ukk; A
nqjos k% nqxr;Lrs A mkjeqRe~ A lqea egoe~ A ek mr~ uku~ ek
O;kiqoUrq AA 8AA
Ro;k o;a lqo`/kk cz.kLirs

LikgkZolq euq;knnhefg A
;k uks nwjs rfGrks ;k vjkr;ks&
fHklfUr tEHk;krk vuil% AA 9AA
gs cz.kLirs A lqo/` kk lqq o/kZekusu eU=kks H;L;eku%
Hkk;e~ lqq o/kZrs rstlk A Ro;k A o;e~ A euq;k euq;sH;%
k=kqH;% A LikgkZ Li`g.kh;kfuA olq /kukfu opuO;R;;% A
vknnhefg ftRok x`heghR;FkZ% A nwjs nwjnsks tkrk bfr ksk% A rfGr%
vku;% A u osoya fulxZrP;qrk% l|% izk.kgkfj.;ksku;ks=k
foof{kr% A vfi rq nsodk;sZ izo`kkuka fo?kk;k;S% jk{klS% iz;qk
kjhjizk.kfpklksfHk.;k=kksfk% A ;|fi jk{klkfnO;feukscysu
fuikkuka fo|qPNhuka ukfLr l|% izk.kgj.ks kf% izk;% rFkkfi
fo|r ,o kjhjkfnlksHk.kkfnksZkon~ftfo|qPNfor~ A
;kkjkr;% iztk% A u% vLeku~ A vfHk lfUr vfHkHkofUr A vuil%
vLekuO;kiqoUrhjso A rk% rfGrksjkrh A tEHk; ukk; A
tEHk;sR;=k lafgrk;ka nh?kZNkUnl% AA 9AA
138
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
Ro;k o;eqkea /khegs o;ks

c`gLirs ifiz.kk lfuk ;qtk A
ekuks nq%kalks vfHkfnIlqjhkr
izlqka lk efrfHkLrkfjkhefg AA 10AA
gs c`gLirs A ifiz.kk iwjos.k O;kiosusR;FkZ% A lfuk
Hkk;e~ kq)su A ;qtk lgk;Hkwrsu A Ro;k A o;e~ A mkee~ A
o;% ;kS o uy{k.ke~ A /khefg /kkj;ke% A
tjkekLekUijkHkwfnfr rkRi;Ze~ A nq%kal% nqopu% A vfHkfnRlq%
vfHknfEHkrqfePNqtZu% A u% vLekde~ A ek bZkr ek bZfk A
rkkksLekdehjks ek HkwfnR;FkZ% A lqkalk% kksHkuLrqr;ks
o;e~ A efrfHk% eR;q i yf{krS e Z U =kS % iz r kfjkhefg
izdkZs.kkLenh;kaLrkj;ke AA 10AA
vukuqnks o`kHkks tfXejkgoa
fuk k=kqa i`ruklq lklfg% A
vfl lR; _.k;k cz.kLir
mxzL; fpferk ohGqgk.k% AA 11AA
gs cz.kLirs Roe~ A vukuqn% u vuqnksuuqn% vuuqn
Hkk;e~ ,okukuqn% lekls nh?kZNkUnl% A LorU=kks nkrsR;FkZ%
LorU=k k=kw.kkeo[k.Mdks ok A o`kHk% okZd% dkekuke~ A
Jsokpoa osna ina :<y{k.k;k A vkgoa ;q)e~ A tfXe% xUrk
vkReuk A k=kqe~ A fuk furjka rkif;rk A i`ruklq ;q)skq A
lklfgjfHkHkfork A llfgjso lklfg% lafgrk;ka nh?kZ% A lR;%
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
139
vforFkdekZ A _.k;k% _.kL; ;kof;rk i`FkrkZ A u osoya

euq;sH;% izR;iZf;rO;e`.ke=k foof{kre~ A vfi rq nsosH;%
izR;iZf;rO;a p A ohGqgk.k% <gkZ;qL; /kucykfnfHk%
iziqL;sR;FkZ% A mxzL; fpn~Hk;jL;kfi k=kks% A nferk ukkf;rk
p vfl A
nsoHs ;% izR;iZf;rO;e`.ka euq;L;kLrhR;qe~ A
nso_.kfu:i.ke~ rr~ fde~ \ vLeH;a izk.ksfU;eukscq);ks
nsoSnZkk% A rf}HkwfrRoknsoSkke~ A rkfu
iqujLekfHknsoZ Hs ;% izR;iZf;rO;kfu A rnso iw.kZekRekiZ.keqP;rs A bna
pkiZ.ka u cyoUej.ksu izk.kknhuka foltZue~ A u ok loZfena nsokuka
lo nsok ,o oqoZUrhfr Hkkoukek=ke~ A d;kfpnfi kDR;k kjhjs
iDos nsok% izk.kknhukfo; Looks oqoZrs A vuUrja izk.kknhuka
fnO;Hkkokifk% A kjhjL; p ikdkf/kD;s A izk.kknhuka fnO;Ros uSlxdks
nso;kx% kjhjs izorZrs A r=k ;kxs /kzqoLe`fr% iq#k% osoya lk{kh A
rsu ;kxsu HkwE;orh.kZLokak& laLdj.k:ia nsodk; fl/;sr~ A ;Ksu
nso_.kfoeqffjfr kka ;kfKdkuka ersu ikq;kxije~ A ;ksfxuka
ers u ns o ;kxkiji;kZ ; kUr;kZ x ije~ A rs u S o kUr;kZ x s u
iq#kL;ke`rRoflf)% A izk.kknhuka fnO;Hkkokiknuk; ;% iwoZ%
kfikd% l /kzqoLe`friwoZos.k eU=ktisu Hkorhfr _.k;k
cz.kLifr#% AA 11AA
vnsosu eulk ;ks fjk.;fr
kklkeqxzks eU;ekuks ft?kkalfr A
140
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
c`gLirs ek iz.kL; uks o/kks

fudeZ eU;qa nqjsoL; k/kZr% AA 12AA
;% euq;% A vnsosu ukfLrdHkkolfgrsu A eulk A
Hkk;e~ fj.k;fr fguLR;Leku~ A mxzks ;% A eU;eku vkRekue~
vf/koa eU;eku% lu~ A kklka eU=kkaloa eke~ A ft?kkalfr
gUrqfePNfr A gs c`gLirs A rL;ksHk;fo/kL; A o/k% glk A u%
vLeku~ A ek iz.ko~ ek lEioZ;rq A k/kZrks cyor% A nqjsoL;
nqxrsLrL; A eU;qa ks/ke~ A fudeZ izfrdjoke AA 12AA
Hkjskq gO;ks uelksil|ks

xUrk oktskq lfurk /kua /kue~ A
fok bn;ksZ vfHkfnILoks3e`/kks
c`gLifrooogkZFkka bo AA 13AA
Hkjs kq ;q ) s kq A gO;% j{kkFkZ e kkrO;% A uelk
Hkk;e~ ueLdkjksiyf{kr;k HkDR;k A mil|% izkI;% A oktskq
;q)skq A xUrk vkReuk A /kua /kua ldya /kue~ A
lfurk lk/kf;rk A v;Z% izHkq% A c`gLifr% A fok bRlokZ ,o A
vfHkfnILo% vfHknfEHkrqfePNUrh% A e`/k% gfl=kh% kq=kqlus k% A jFkku~
bo A fooogZ fkfFkyhdjksrq A yksMFksZ fyV~ A jFkkfuosfr leq&
k;ksiek A kq=kqlsukLrklka jFkka fkfFkyhdjksfRoR;FkZ%AA 13AA
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
141
rsft;k riuh j{klLri

;s Rokfuns nf/kjs oh;Ze~ A
vkfoLrRo ;nlk mDF;a
c`gLirs foifjjkiks vnZ; AA 14AA
gs c`gLirs A rsft;k vfrks;u frXe;k A riuh
Hkk;e~ rkfiU;k fut;k kDR;k A j{klks jk{klku~ A ri rki; A
;s jk{klk% A oh; ijkee~ A Rok Roke~ A funs
fuUnk;S A nf/kjs fuUnUrhfr ;kor~ A rs ro A mDF;a kaluh;e~ A ;}h;Ze~ A
vlnklhr~ A rr~ A vfo% o vkfooq# A ifjjki% ifjji% lekls
nh?kZNkUnl% A fuUndku~ k=kwu~ A fo vnZ; foukk; AA 14AA
c`gLirs vfr ;n;ksZ vgkZ
qef}Hkkfr rqekuskq A
;fn;PNol _riztkr
rnLeklq fo.ka /ksfg fp=ke~ AA 15AA
_riztkr eU=klEHko eU=k rkstlksHksnZ s;eqf% A
v=k T;seU=kta rst ,o nsork:iRosu foof{kre~ A
Hkk;e~
c`gLirs A v;Z% Lokeh A ;r~ A vfr vrho A vpkZr~
vpZ;sr~ A ;nLeklq orZekua rstks jktkrho iwt;sfnfr ;kor~ A
|qehfer~ A rqeRizKkor~ A ;kst%A tuskq Ron~HkDrskq A foHkkfr A
;r~ A kolk cysu A nhn;hi;fr LokJ;e~ A rr~ A fp=ka pk;uh;e~ A
fo.ka futfoHkwfrHkwrczopZlkiji;kZ;czrstks:ia /kue~ A
vLeklq A /ksfg iksk; A rhoztiokknUrLrstks;qDrs cz.khna
142
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
czopZla fl/;sr~ A vuqxzgk}k fofkkr~ cz.kLirs% AA 15AA

eku% LrsusH;ks ;s vfHkqgLins
fujkfe.kks fjiokskskq tkx`/kq% A
vknsokukeksgrs fooz;ks fn
c`gLirs u ij% lkeks fonq% AA 16AA
gs c`gLirs A qg% ksfg.k% A ins vLekoa LFkkus A
Hkk;e~ fujkfe.k% furjka je.kkhyk% vLeRinke.ksPNkoUr%
bfr ;kor~ A ;s fjio% ;s k=ko% A vks kq
vLenh;kU;kkfu foHkfO;R;;% A vfHktkx`/kq% vfHkdkfUr A
orZekukFksZ fyV~ A rsH;% A LrsuHs ;ksjHs ;% u% vLeku~ A ek A ijknk
bfr ksk% A nsokuke~ A oz;LR;kxe~ A ozh/kkrqLR;kxkFkZd% A fn
vkleUrkr~ A O;ksgrs foksks.k ogfr A v;a tu bfr ksk% A
vkReuk kfu czk.;so _fk.kk=k nsokuka R;kxRosuksf% A
czlnk n;su /kkj;R;;a tu bR;FkZ% A rnso iquZ<;fr A lke%
lke:ikok% A ij% vU;r~ A u fonq% A bes tuk bfr ksk% A
mHk;=kkfi izFkeiq#ks.kkReSo foof{kr% AA 16AA
vleke~
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
143
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
izdh.kZde~
izFkea cz.kLifrdk.Me~
izFke% [k.M%
vFk nsorkes.k foHkT; Kkufuf/kekfnosna O;k[;kL;ke% A r=k
osnL; eU=kkRedRokUeU=kk.kka p kCnkRedRok.kLirs
kCnnsorkRoknkSfpR;su czk.kLiR;eknkS O;k[;k;rs A
HkkxZoL; kqudL; iq=kks x`Rlenks Hkxoku`fkczk
Z .kLiR;kfu pRokfj
lwkfu nnkZ A rskq x.kkuka RosR;sdksuokR;`pa izFkea lwe~ A
in;UR;s f=kqHkkS fka tkxre~ A
x.kkuka Rok x.kir gokegs
do dohukeqieJoLree~ A
T;sjkta cz.kka cz.kLir
vku% k`.okwfrfHk% lhn lknue~ AA 1AA
cz.k% irs kCncz.k% izHkks A x.kkuka e#.kkuka e/;s A x.kir
ifrHkwra x.ke~ A x.k% ifrfjfr foxzg% A ,oa iqu#fuokfjrk
L;kr~ A bZkk% iz;ksxkNUnfl cgo% A dohuka kUrnkZukuka
e/;sA do kUrnkZue~ A mRa kUrnkZufeR;FkZ%A dfo%
144
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
kUrnkZu bfr ;kLd% A nkZuL; e.ka p PNUnks:is.k

lk/kkj.kokD;:is.k ok fucU/kue~ A mieJoLreefrk;suksieku&
Hkwrdhre~A cz.kka eU=kk.kka A T;sjkta T;sa jktkue~ A kCn ,o
fl)eU=kL; iz;ksxcykkstlk nhI;u~ xxua O;kiqokfrk;su
o`)Rok;s mP;rs A r.kLirsofka :ie~ A T;sjktfeR;usu
rnso nkZ;fr A loZkCn:is cz.kLirkS fofkkCn:iL; jktRosu
nsork:iRosu pksf% lkekU;rks eU=kk.kka rf}us;Roksf
izfrHkwefu nsorkH;klkr~ A ;|fi czkCn /kkRokFkkZuq&
xekf}fkkCnLo:iij ,o Hkofr rFkkfi cz.kka T;sjktfeR;=k
y{k.k;k l lk/kkj.kkCnLo:iij% A cz.kLifrkCns rq czkCn%
lefkCnLo:iij ,o xzk% A iz/kkuukeFksZu lkdY;su
nsorkrofu:i.kL; U;k;Rokr~ A ,oa psSo nsork uke
HkforqegZfr rRLo:iRoksork;k% u cz.kLifrfjfr psr~ A nsork;k
vkf/kHkkSfrdLo:iL; fous;Roa iq#kfo/kLo:iL; usrR` oa pksf;
rFkksffjR;nksk% A Rok Roke~ A gokegs vk;ke% A o;fefr ksk% A
u% vLekde~ A k`.okkd.kZ;u~ A vkkufeR;/;kgkj% A mfrfHk%
j{kkfHk% lg A j{kklk/kdkDR;k lgsR;FkZ% A lknua lnua x`ge~ A
;kfKdkuka u;s ;Kx`ge~ A ;ksfxuka u;s kjhjeso x`ge~ A vk lhn
mifok A
;nqDra cz.kLirsT;sZa fofkLo:ia rnso czkeqP;rs A
czSokfefr foxzg% A v=kk;a yksd% A ^^czkesdesoka
ukU;kU;kf.k ror% A vkx;s kkfn ukekfu HkoUR;=kSo Hkfr%A**
lnueklhfnR;=k e;k nka gfo% LohdrqfZ ena ;Kx`gekxR;ksifoksfr
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
145
;kfKdkuka u;s rkRi;Ze~ A nsork rq DokI;kxrk u ;rs A rkkkuka

lR;nkuke`kh.kkelEHkkO;izkFkZuk dFkeqii|rs \ vfi p ;fn
gfo% Lohdj.kk; Lo;ekxPNssork rg ukFkksZxkS gksesu A
;kfKdksfi eU;rs gqrexkS nsoku~ xPNsfnfr A vf/kfi.Ma tBjkx;s
nkeka iizk.kku~ isfU;kf.k kjhja eukscfq )ekRekua p riZ;fr A
;Fkkf/kfi.Ma rFkk/;.Me~ A ,oexsgZO;okgRoa nsokukefxeq[kRoa
p fl/;srke~ A rLekkkfLr nsork izR;{ka gfox`Zkrhfr A rk;%
ikSjkf.kddFkkLrq Hkkk% izR;{kfojks/kknqiifkfojks/kkk A ,oa
;kfKdkuka u;ks u foekZdkukekotZd% A ;ksfxuka u;s rq ee
kjhjkUrjekfoksfr rkRi;Ze~ A Hkizo.kkekR;knkS iq=kRoe~ A ^^ka
uks #ks #sfHktZykk%** bR;knkS ifjokjRoe~ A izeFkkLrq Dokfi u
o.;ZUrs fuxeskq A vrks osnrU=klkejL;k; rkfU=koSeZ#r ,o izeFkk
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gsjEcs p orZekuL; x.kifrkCnL; A uuq cz.kLifrs.kifr%
#L;kuqpjk x.kk bfr oDrqekD;fefr psr~ A izfrokfnuksLekoa
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Hkzkròksfr foksk% A ijks{kfiz;Roksorkuka HkkLrnkrhofp=kkfHk&
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146
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uUoLekoa gsjEcks #L; iq=k% izfl)%] u rFkk rs cz.kLifrfjfr

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HkkinkqoprqF;k x.kirsofkk iwtk f;rs A izk;LrfLekso
fnus lkeosnksikdj.ka rnk izk;s.k gLrku{k=k;ksxlEHkokr~ A
osnksikdj.kle;s fofka rnfHkekfunsorkiwtueqiike~ A u{k=kL;
LFkkus lkekU;rLrRlEc)frfFkxz g .ka LekrkZ u ka oz r s kq
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
147
frfFkxzg.kkH;klokkfnfr cks/;e~ A v=k osnkUrjkis{k;k lkeosnk;

izk/kkU;nkua kCns xku;qL; izk/kkU;kr~ A vr ,o & ^ôsnkuka
lkeosnksfLe** bfr xhrkxzUFk lPNrs A rkfU=koSxZ.kirs&
ewy
Z k/kkjs okl mP;rs A rstkse;okfxfU;L; rnk;rue~ A rksfU;a
cz.kLirsjk/;kfReoa Lo:ie~ A rU=kizfl)L; x.kirs fuxeskq
u Dofpnfi LrqfryZH;rs A vr% d;kfp}Sfndnsor;k lgkHksnks
x.kirsLrkfU=koSoZO;% A vU;Fkk x.kirsjoSfndRoa izlT;sr A u
r.kifrlkklk/kdkuka {kseje~ A l pkHksnks cz.kLifruSo
oDrqefq pr% kkfycykr~ A ,oa rkfU=kdks x.kifrcz
Z .kLirsukZU;
bfr fl)e~ A rLeknusu eU=ks.k LekrS%Z f;ek.ka x.kirsjkokgukfnoa
;qeso Hkofr A
vFkkU;% lak;% A ^^T;sjkta Hkjs qe~ A** ^^T;s eU=kks fopkZ.ks A**
bR;knkfoU kCnczifr% kCnczLo:i o.kr% A ^^fukqlhn
x.kirs x.kskq A** bR;knkS e#.kkuka ifr#% A u osoyks e#.kkuka
ifr% vfi rq & ^^rfnqL; psrfr ;a izskq /kkelq A** bfr
#L;kiR;Rosu p o.kr% A ^^Hkzkrjks e#rLro A** bR;usu l
pkFkZ% iq uhr% A rLekfnUcz.kLiR;ksjHksnks ok oO;% A ,d=k
foksk.kkuka xkS.kRoa fu:i.kh;e~ A vk|a i{keoyEcUrs uS#k%
f}rh;a ;kfKdk% A d U;k;e~ A vHksn r;ksHkZofr Hksn A vHksns
nkrkfu fykfuA vU;kfu p ;Urs A ^^req T;sa uelk gfoHk%
lqksoa cz.kLir x`.khks A bUa yksdks efg nSO;% flkDrq;ks
cz.kks nsorL; jktk**A bR;=k iwokZ/ksZ izrks cz.kLifrjsoksk&
jk/kZ bUferhUukekis kk% A prqFkZiknksDra ;PNUnokD;foksk.keSUa
r=k fye~ A ^ûkL; orkZ u r#rk egk/kus ukHksZ vfLr oftz.k% A**
148
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
bR;=k cz.kLifroZthz izk

s % A ^^mfk cz.kLirs nso;UrLRos egs A
miiz;Urq e#r% lqnkuo bUizkkwHkZoklpk A** bR;=k iwokZ/ksZ izrks
cz.kLifrjsokskjk/kZ bUsfr lEcks/;rs A HksnL; rq &&
^^vPNsUk cz.kLirh gfouksZka ;qtso okftuk ftxkre~ A** 12- 12 bfr }U}funsZkks fye~ A dFka HksnkHksnkS fo#)kS HkkokS
lefUorkosd=k Hkor% A cgqfoHkwfrfjUks ;FkSUs iznkZf;;ke% A
rkfLoUfoHkwfrkq kCnkRek cz.kLifrjsd% A foHkwfrfoHkwfr&
erksjHksnksfjHksnL; A HksnkHksnL; AA 1AA
nsokfks vlq;Z izprs lks
c`gLirs ;fK;a Hkkxekukq% A
mk bo lw;ksZ T;ksfrkkegks
foskkfekfurk cz.kkefl AA 2AA
vlq;Z vlwu~ jkR;knk bR;lqjks #LrL;kiR;Hkwr A u osoye~
vo;okFkZ;ksxkqL;klqjRoe~ & ^^Roexs #ks vlqjks egks fno%** A
^^;{okegs lkSeulk; #a ueksfHknsZoelqja nqoL;** A ^îzo% ikUra
j?kqeU;osU/kks ;Ka #k; ehks Hkj/oe~ A fnoks vLrks;lqjL;
ohjSfjkq/;so e#rks jksnL;ks% A** bfr fuxeskq iz;ksxk ;Urs A
c`gLirs c`gr% kCncz.k% izHkks A nsok% fpr~nsok vfi A izpsrl%
izkUr%dj.kL; A fokoxkfg KkukUr%dj.kL;sfr ;kor~ A rs
ro A ;fK;a ;KkgZe~ A Hkkxeake~ A vkukq% izkiq% A oLrqr% losZkka
eU=kk.kka c`gLifrjso izHkq% A rFkkfi kCn:i% l nsoks nsorkUrj&
okpdeFkZefi ogULrkH;ks ;fK;a Hkkxa dYi;rhR;FkZ% A v;eso
_fk.kksfks nsoS% izkks ;fK;ks ckgZLiR;Hkkxks ;UeU=kHkkDRoe~ A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
149
T;ksfrkk rstlk A eg% egku~ A lw;Z% A mk bo mk.kkfeo

fdj.kkukfeo A foskka br~ losZkkeso A cz.kka eU=kk.kke~ A
tfurk tuf;rk A vfl Hkofl A
;fn c`gLifrO;kZidL; kCncz.kks nsork u L;kkg rrks
cz.kkeqRifkuksZii|sr A uuq ;Fkk izrs% kCnkf}fo/kkuka
kCnforhukeqn~HkoLrFkkJ;knkdkkknfi oDrqa kD;% A ;Fkk
;kk;rs rkka onfUr rFkk ;=k ;kk;rs rka p rnkgq% A
rLeknkdkknsorkc`gLifr% oqrks uHkofRofr psr~ A rnksiekuLokjL;a
Hkxa Hkosr~ A mk bo lw;Z bR;qiekue~ A ;Fkk rstlka izfr%
lw;LZ rstks forhuka rFkk kCnkuka izfrc`gZ Lifr% kCnforhukfefr
LokjL;e~ A vfi p ;fn c`gLifrjkdkknsork rg ^^nsoh nsoL;
jksnlh tfu=kh c`gLir oko`/krqeZfgRok A** bfr c`gLirs&
|kZoki`fFkO;ks}Z;ksekZ=kks% iq=kRoksfuZ lPNrs A bneso x.kirs&
}SZekrqjRoe~ A
,oa c`gLifr% kCnnsorkRok.kLirsukZU;% A c`gLifrkCns
c`gPNCnks eU=kokpdks ok xxuokpdks osfr Hkorq lak;% A c`gLirs&
jij% i;kZ;ks okpLifr kCnLrq fu%lak;a cz.kLifrkCnrqY;kFkZ% A
;Fkk c`gLifrLrFkk cz.kLifrjfi & ^îzuwua cz.kLifreZU=ka
onR;qDF;e~ A ;fLefkUks fe=kks o#.kks v;Zek nsok vksdkafl pfjs A**
bR;usu eU=ktudks o.kr% A eU=kfefr tkrkosdopue~ A vU;kfu
p c`gLifrcz.kLiR;ksjHksns fykfu HkofUr A r=ksna izFkee~ A
x.kkuka lwDrsUR;% Lrks=kksilagkjeU=k% A fksoknklq i A 15- 9- 11- 17 cz.kLifruke fyoUr% A vU;s =k;ksnk
150
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
c`gLifrukefyoUr% A ,oefi _fkjUrr ,dksuoks eU=ks &

^^cz.kLirs RoeL; ;Urk lwL; cksf/kru;a p ftUo A** 1- 1- 19
bfr iw.k lwDra czk.kLiR;a |ksr;fr A vfi p lwDrs ukefy&
Hksns fi kSyhRosdnsork Lrqrkfoo ;rs A vFk f}rh;e~ A v=kSo
xkRlZens nkZus f}rh;s lwDrs & ^^lsekefofizHk`fre~** 1- 2- 1
bfr izFkeeU=ks.k c`gLifrukefyork Lrqrs#ikskr% r% A
vuUrja czk.kLiR;a Lrks=kekjC/ke~ A Lrks=ke/;s nkes eU=ks iwoksZ kj&
lUnHkkZfojks/ksu c`gLifrukefyokuqiU;kl% A rkork d ckgZ&
LiR;kizHk`frHkZosr~ A vFk r`rh;e~ A ;Kks fnoks u`lnu bfr lwDrs
izFkeks eU=k bUukefyoku~ A r`rh; bUa cz.kLir pkfHkkRosu
LrkSfr A vUR;kH;ka Lrks=kksilagkj% A c`gLifrukefy& oUrksU;s
k.eU=kk% A r=kksilagkjs uoes eU=ks & ^^b;a oka cz.kLirs lqo`f&
czZsUk; oftz.ks vdkfj A vfoa f/k;ks ftx`ra iqjU/khtZrLre;ksZ
ouqkk ejkrh% A** bfr Lrks=keSUkczk.kLiR;ekg A b;a lqo`ffjfr
izkxqLrqfrijkekZ% A lexzL; Lrks=kL;SUkczk.kLiR;Ros fdeya
izFker`rh;ksjso rkkefyln~Hkko% A d pksilagkjs izLrqrka izkFkZuka
iwj;R;qkjks eU=k ,oe~ & ^^c`gLirs ;qofeU oLoks fnO;L;skkFks
mr ikFkoL; /kka j; Lrqors dhj;s fp|w;a ikrLofrfHk% lnku% A**
bUkcz.kLirh uoes izrkS A rnFkZiwj.kk; izo`k mkjfLefkUk&
c`gLirh A vHksn ,oksii|r bZkh kSyh A
vfxo
ZS kujks nsork
fpfkfjR;L; eU=kL; ijkkj _fk%] vfxoSZkujks nsork] f}ink
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
151
fojkV~ NUn% A
fpfkjika nes fok;q&
Lln~eso /khjk% laek; pozq% AA
v=k okD;};s lEcU/kk; ;PNCnrPNCnko/;kgk;kSZ A ;r~ LFkkue~ A
/khjk% nsok% A lEek; lE;ekRok A ln~eos x`gfeo A pozq % A rfLeu~ A
vika nes mndizfros LFkkus izk.k bfr ;kor~ A fok;q% txr
vk;q%Lo:i% A fpfk% izKku:iks oSkuj% A vLrhfr ksk% A
f=ko`Rdj.kokkr~ fl)s izk.kksik/kkS izKku:iks oSkuj% lakksHkr
bfr nsork;k% LFkkuLo:idFkukRedks;a egkeU=k% A
bUks nsork
vfHkRosR;L; eU=kL; ofl _fk% A bUks nsork A c`grhPNUn% A
bUizlknfl/;FksZ tis fofu;ksx% A
vfHkRok kwj uksuqeks nqX/kk bo /ksuo% A
bZkkueL; txr% LoZkehkkufeU rLFkqk% AA
gs kwj kfeu~ A bU ijesj A vL; txrks teL; bZkkuef/k&
ifre~ A rLFkqk% LFkkojL; A bZkkuef/kir LoZka loZyksdlkf{k.ke~ A
Lo% kCnks=k yksdlkekU;ij%A fu?k.VkS p yksdlk/kkj.kskq inskq
ifBr% A Rok Roke~ A o;feR;/;kgkj% A nqX/kk% nksfgU;% A izrq {khjk
bfr ;kor~ A /ksuo bo A vfHkuksuqe% vfHkqe% ;Fkk izqr{khjk
152
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
xkS;Ztekueqifrrs ,oa sgkZn;ks vga bU mifr bfr Hkko% A

egsUL; p ikqikqerksfjo lEcU/kks o/kZrkfefr n;e~ A
fo.kqnoZs rk
bna fo.kqfjR;L; eU=kL; es/kkfrfFk% _fk% A fo.kqnsZork A
xk;=khPNUn%A
bna fo.kqopes =ks/kk fun/ks ine~ A
leweL; ikalqjs AA
fo.kqjUr;kZeh iq#k% A bna lo txr~ fopes ekroku~ A ine~ A
=ks/kk fun/ks A p{kqfk eufl n;s pk/;kRee~ A i`fFkO;keUrfj{ks fnfo
psR;f/knSore~ A vL; ikalqjs /kwfyfofks ins lewa lE;o~ /k`re~ A
loZtxfnfr ksk%A rnsrr~ r`rh;a ina U;klr% A rnso ijea ine~
bR;qP;rs A loZtxRdkj.kHkwr% dkekiji;kZ;ks jtksxq.k ,ok=k
/kwfyRosu :I;rs A n;LFkkus loZtxr% izfrfrRokr~ rL;So f}rh;k/ksZ
izk/kkU;eqe~ A
lw;ksZ nsork
lkSj bfr r`pL; dk.o% izLd.o% _fk% A lw;ksZ nsork A vuqqi~&
NUn% A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
153
m|k| fe=keg vkjksgkqkjka fnoe~ A

ksxa ee lw;Z gfjek.ka p ukk; AA 1AA
gs fe=keg% fe=ka loZyksdfgrja eg% rstks ;L; l fe=keg% A rL;
lEcqf)% fe=keg% lw;Z A v| vfLeu~ fnus A m|kqn;eku% A mkjka
Jska fnoe~ A vkjksgu~ vf/kfru~ A Rofefr ksk% A ee ksxa
n;O;k/k kkjhja ekul ok A gfjek.ka p kkjhjj{k;kEcqihro.kZRoa
p A ukk; A ;fUe=keg bfr lEcks/k;fr r}t;fr eglSo
Hksktsu O;k/k ukk;sfr A
kqoskq es gfjek.ka jksi.kkdklq n/efl A
vFkks gkfjoskq es gfjek.ka fun/efl AA 2AA
es gfjek.ke~ A kqoskq if{kkq A jksi.kkdklq kkfjdkif{kkq p A
n/efl LFkki;fl] LFkki;sfr Hkko% A vFkks vFk A es gfjek.ke~ A
gkfjoskq gfjrkakskq A fun/;fl LFkki;fl LFkki;sfr Hkko% A ;=kk;a
gfjro.kZ% kksHkkogks u p jksxk; r=k xPNre~ A eka fol`T;sR;FkZ% A
mnxkn;ekfnR;ks fosu lglk lg A
f}kUra ea jU/k;Ueks vga f}krs j/ke~ AA 3AA
v;ekfnR;% A fosu losZ.k A lglk cysu A lg ukoa miyf{kr
bfr ksk% A ea f}kUra vfgrcq) oqokZ.ke~ A jU/k;u~ fu#U/ku~
izfrc/ku~ bfr ;kor~ A mnxkr~ mfnr% rkokuuqxzgks ef; Hkxor
bfr Hkko% A r=k gkseekg A vga f}krs k=kos A j/ka fujks/ka izfr&
154
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
cU/kfefr ;kor~ A eks u djksfe e;k HkxoR;so loksZ Hkkjks fuf{k

bfr ;kor~ A
AA bfr okflx.kifreqfurk Vhdk AA
Jhlwe~
fgj.;o.kk gfj.k lqo.kZjtrtke~ A
pUka fgj.e; y{e tkrosnks e vkog AA 1AA
tkrs tkrs loZfLekqitkrs fo|r bfr tkrosnk% rL; lEcqf)% gs
tkrosn% Hkks vxs A tkukfr osnfefr tkrosn% A fgj.;o.kk
fo.kqlEcfU/kuhe~ A gfj.k lalkj[ksngkfj.khe~ A nkfjgkfj.khfefr
ok A lqo.kkZfu jtrkfu deykfu rskka o~ekyk ;L;kLrke~ A pUka
pUoRizdkkekuke~ A ldytukuUndkfj.khfefr ok A fgj.e;
fgj.;foxzgke~ A ifo=kLo:ika ok A fgj.;Lo:ika ok A y{e
eks{ky{ehe~ A y{eor ok A KkuS;Zlq[kkjksX;/ku/kkU;t;kfnoa
y{e ;L;k% leqfa lk y{ehfr fux|r bfr ok A es ee~ A
vkog izki; A vk;sfr ok A vfxoSZ nsokuka gksrsfr Jqrs% A
rka e vkog tkrosnks y{eheuixkfeuhe~ A
;L;ka fgj.;a foUns;a xkea iq#kkuge~ AA 2AA
tkrosn% Hkxou~ vxs A vga ;L;ka JhnsO;ka izkk;ka lR;ke~ A
_XosneU=kHkk;e~
155
fgj.;a lqo.kZe~ A xka /ksuqe~ A va okftue~ A tkR;Sdopue~ A

iq#kku~ iq=kikS=kknhu~ A foUns;a izki;q ke~ A vuixkfeu vixeujfgrka
vpykfeR;FkZ% A rka o{;ek.ky{k.kke~ A y{e eks{ky{ehe~ A es
ee~ A vkog izki; A
viwok jFke/;ka gfLruknizcksf/kuhe~ A
fJ;a nsoheqi;s JhekZ nsohtqZkrke~ AA 3AA
viwok g;iqj%ljke~ A jFke/;ka jFkkLofi e/;LFkkuke~ A
gfLruknizcksf/ku gfLruknk% izrq k fg rku~ ,rS% izcks/;r JhtU;ka
nso |ksrukfRedke~ A fJ;a fJ;sfr ;ka eks{ky{e A mi;s vk;kfe A
nsoh izdkkekuk Jh% eks{ky{eh ,r{k.kke`rdj _r=kka Hkh#rka
loZukeklqy{k.korheks{ky{ehy{k.kka vkR; eka Hkh#ofrtkr% A
vleke~
156
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
foehekalk
izFkee{kjizdj.ke~
v{kjfopkjkorkfjdk 1
v{kj:i% kCnks fofLeu~ fopkj.kh;oLrqkq lqrjka eq[;% A izk;ks
foa uke:ikRede~ A ukekfu lokZ.;I;{kjkRedkfu A rLekn~&
v{kjkRed% kCnks fofLek/kZekE; frrhfr ;nqP;sr lk
ukfrk;ksf% A v{kjfoHkwrhoZ.kkZuqf;SrRdFkue~ A ;fn ewyk{kja
fopk;sZr rfnna fofLek{kjizk/kkU;ferksfi Hkwf;eoxE;sr A
rLeknfLefUoehekalkkks izFkee{kjeheklka oqeZ% A
v{kjehekalk;keLekoa izFkeizrks o.kkZRed%
vfHkO;fokn% kCn% A re=k izdj.ks y?kquk lk/kkj.kuke/ks;su
kCn bfr O;ogjke% A osfpnkgq% & ^^kCnks
foHkquR; A ;kL;ksRifkfjo ;rs A lk oLrqrks uksRifk% A
vfHkO;fLrq Hkofr A la ; ks x foHkkxkS rL;kfHkO;tdkS A
mkkj.kkfHk?kkrsu izfs jrks ok;q% fLrferkfu okoUrjkf.k izfrck/keku%
loZrks fnku~ la;ksxfoHkkxku~ mRikn;fr A rs p lokZlq fn{kq
;ko}sxefHkizfrUrs A ok;ksjizR;{kRokks pkizR;{kk% A r ,o
fuR;L;kdkkxrL; kCnL;kfHkO;tdk% A la;ksxfoHkkxsouqijrskq
kCn miyH;rs A uksijrskq A ;koRiznska p rskka xfrLrkoR;so
foehekalk
157
iznsks kCnL;kfHkO;L;ksiyfC/k% A vrkfHkO;% kCnks u fpja

Jw;rs A u p loZ=k A vknskkn;ks u kCnfodkjk% A vfi rq
o.kkZUrjkf.k A ;nqkkjdckgqY;s kCnL; o`f)fjo ;rs A lk
oLrq r ks u kCnL; A vfi rq uknL; A ,rs u
eUnRorhozRoLojHksnkn;ks O;k[;krk% A d.kZkoqyhe.Mya O;kioq rka
la;ksxfoHkkxkuka O;kikj ,o ukn% A**
uuq kCnks fuR;skL;kfHkO;fdYiuefHkO;tddYiua pksi&
i|srs A l fuR; bR;=k dk ;qffjfr psr~ A
kM~fHkgsZrqfHkoZ;a kCna fuR;eoxPNke% A
1- vFkZizR;k;dRokfkR;% kCn% A Jksrq% izkxuuqHkwrkRl|ks&
tkrkPNCnknFkZcks/k% dFka Hkosr~ A vFkZoRlk;knFkZiRz ;k;dRofefr
psr~ A losZkka l|kstkrRokk dfnFkZoku~ A osufpr~ iwoZiq#ks.k
kCnkukeFkZlEcU/k% r% A vuUrja rRlk;kfnrjskkeFkZ&
izR;k;dRofefr psr~ A O;ogkjL;kukfnRokkL;kfi iwoZiq#kL;
Hkkkkl` s% izko~ dkfpn~Hkkkk L;knhdrZO;k A rr~ q% izkxU;k A
rr~ q% izkfxrjk A vUrr% lgtkFkZlEcU/kk dkfpnhdrZO;So
Hkkkk A mfnkk kCnkFkZlEcU/kL; ikS#ks;RodYiusuoLFkkizlkr~
rsu mRifkokn% ifrr% L;kr~ A ,oa fLFkrs ifjR;kxsuk&
dYiueU;k;e~ A
2- =kSdkfydkFkZcks/kdRokk fuR;% kCn% A
158
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
3- xkskCns nkRo mkkfjrs nkxkskCnk bfr izR;;ks u Hkofr A

xkskCnks nkokjeqkkfjr bR;so izrhfr% A vr fuR;% kCn% A
4- kCnL; u lfUr foujk vo;ok% A ;SjkjC/k% kCnks u;sfnR;uqekrqa
kD;sr A ;Fkk rUro% iVL; A mr fuR;% kCn% A
5- ;fn ok;wiknkud% kCnLrg tUeukkokfufr oDrqa kD;sr A
u l ok;wiknkud% A vLikZRokr~ A vr fuR;% A
6- eU=kfyizek.kr kCnks fuR;ksoxE;rs A
^^rLeS uwuefHk|os okpk fo:i fuR;;k o`.ks pksnLo lqqfre~**
8- 64- 6 A v;efxLrqrkS eU=k% A v=k fuR;;sfr okpks foksk.ka
kCnL; fuR;Ros fye~ ** bfr A
vijs izkgq% A mRi|rs kCn bfr izR;{keoxE;rs A
mRifkokn% izR;{kfo#)efoluh;e~ A ;nqP;rs la;ksxfoHkkxk
vfHkO;tdk bfr A rfRdekoj.kkiuksnusu \ ;Fkk
ok;ksesZ?kkiuksnusu lw;kZfHkO;tdRoe~ mrkgks fLrferL;
lkyusu \ ;Fkk rkyoÙrL; lkyusu okofHkO;tdRoe~ A
uk|% A dL;fpnI;koj.kL;kuqiyEHkkr~ A f}rh;fLek O;lw{e&
kCnk}o.kZe;kCnksRifkfjR;qDra Hkofr A ;Fkk LikkZxkspj&
lw{eok;ks% LikZxkspjLFkwyok;wRifk% A
^^:ia :ia izfr:iks cHkwo
rnL; :ia izfrp{k.kk; A
foehekalk
159
bUks ek;kfHk% iq#:i bZ;rs

;qk L; gfjr% krknk AA**
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ukfrk;ksfHkZofr A v{kjfoHkwrhoZ.kkZuqf;SrRdFkue~ A ewyk{kj&
fopkj.ks rfnne{kjizk/kkU;ferksfi Hkwf;eoxE;rs A rLeknfLeu~
foehekalkkks izFkee{kjfopkj% f;rs A
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vfHkO;fokn% ;kL;ksRifkfjo ;rs lk oLrqrks uksRifk% A
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ok;q% fLrferkfu okoUrjkf.k izfrck/keku% loZrks fn kaRla;ksx&
foHkkxkuqRikn;fr A rs p lokZlq fn{kq ;ko}sxefHkizfrUrs A
ok;ksjizR;{kRokks pkizR;{kk% A r ,o fuR;L;kdkkxrL;
kCnL;kfHkO;tdk% A la;ksxfoHkkxsouqijrskq kCn miyH;rs A
uks i jrs kq A foiz iz n s ks ofHkO;tdla ; ks x foHkkxkuke~
vxrsjJo.ke~ A ;nqkkjdckgqY;s kCnL; o`f)fjo ;rs lk
oLrqrks u kCnL; A vfi rq uknL; A d.kZkoqyhe.Mya O;kioq Urks
o.kkZ u fHkO;tUrks fujUrja f;ek.kk% la ; ks x foHkkxk ,o
160
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uknkCnokP;k% A**
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rn~Hkk;dkjL; kcjLokfeu ,os;efHkO;fi)fr% A okns&
fLekqkkj.kL; ok;qizsjdRoeso u o.kkZfHkO;tdRoe~ A v=ksna
i`PNke% A mkkjk.kkfHk/kkrizsfjrks ok;q% d lgtsu lyuek=ks.k
okoUrjkf.k izfrck/keku% la;ksxfoHkkxkuqRikn;fr \ vkgksfLon~&
mkkj.kL; defi fofka xq.keknnku% \ vk|s kCnJo.kek=ks.k
LojfokskknqkkjdizrhfruZ L;kr~ A v;a nsonkks;a ;Knk bfr
f}rh;s l p fofkks xq.k% d.BLojkkkfrfjP;r bfr o.ksZH;ks
/ofujU;kshdk;Z% A vfi p la;ksxfoHkkxk ,o uknkCnokP;k
bfr ikejk.kka us=k;ks/kwZfyiz{ksi.ke~ A RonfHkerk% la;ksxfoHkkxk%
ijLijl?k`sH;ks ok;qH;ks ukU;skke~ A ok;qla;ksxfoHkkxk ukna
;fn tu;s;q% A rr~ fdffno oksiike~ A rkuso ukna onu~
izR;{keiyifr A uknkCnks /ofui;kZ;% A vuqHkw;rs pkskkjdckgqY;s
/ofujso cgqy% A uuq uk{ksi.kh;% kcjLoeh A rL; la;ksxfoHkkxkuka
uknkCn% okP;Rosukxzg% A kCnL; ukfLr o`f)fjfr fu:if;rqeso
rL; ;% A l eU;rs la;ksxfoHkkxuSjUr;Zeso kCno`f)efr&
dkjdfefr psr~ A ,oa ;fn ^ûkno`f)% ijk** 1- 1- 17 bfr
tSfeuh;a lw=keu`tquk iFkk u O;k[;krO;e~ A oO;a /kS;sZ.k A bna
tSfeuserZ e~ A eeRosrfnfr A ekHkwokknkCnokP;k% la;ksxfoHkkxk% A
rFkkfi dFkeuqHkw;eku/ofuckgqY;:ik% A rs psnizR;{kk% d;kfpnfi
fo/k;k ukuqHkw;sju~ A ;fn izR;{kkLrg LikZxkspjk ,o Hkos;q% A u
Jqfrxkspjk% A ok;qlEcfU/kRokkskka okouqHkwrk ,o rnuqHkwfr&
lEHkokr~ A ;khozLikksZ egkUok;q% osoya defi /ofuefHkO;uf
foehekalk
161
tu;fr ok l brksU;ks fok;% A rLekkkfLr ckok;qlEcfU/ku%

la;ksxfoHkkxk% kCnkfHkO;tdk bfr A
v{kiknkUoh{kdh Hkk;dkjks okRL;k;uks eU;rs A
mRifkokn% ^^mkkj.kf;k;ka ;kS la;ksxfoHkkxkS rkS kCna tu;r% A
kCnkPNCnlUrkuksRifk% A lokZlq fn{kq A rs p ;Fkk
;ksxa Jqfrxkspjk% L;q% A** bfr A v=ksna izO;e~ A fdekdkkL; xq.k%
kCn% \ mrkgks fdefi O;e~ \ vk|s la;ksxfoHkkxkS izkxlUra
xq.kekdkks tu;r bfr okP;e~ A
vleke~
162
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
nsorkdk.Ms f}rh;a izdj.ke~
bUukefuoZpue~
fu:fireLR;Ur%dj.korh nsorsfr lEizfr rL;k% lefr%
ikFkZD;su p foHkwr;ks fopk;ZUrs A r=ksU% izFkea fopkj.kegZfr
lefHkwrRokr~ A r=k izFkea ukefopkj% f;rs A vkpk;ksZ ;kLdks
egrk xkSjos.k cgq/ksUuke fuoZf A rnLekdfeUukekFkZijh{kk;ke~
vrhoksi;qDra Hkosr~ A
1- ^^bU bjka .kkrhfr ok** bjkeka .kkfr fHkukhrhjknkj% A bjknkj
,o o.kZyksioS .Z kkZxesu psU% A vkL; Hksk`Roa pkskuka chtkuka Hksnue~ A
vjkdkjr;k ifj.kkeufefr ;kor~ A r=k tyosuknhfu dkfu&
fpfkfekkfu HkoUrq uke A rFkkI;jksRikfndkkfjU;So ;rs A
lk O;kidL;sUL; A ^^vjkfnoa ldr`Zoa dk;ZRokVor~ A**
bfr rkddk.kkehjkuqekue=k ikBoSyZ{khdrZO;e~ A
2- ^^bjka nnkrhfr ok**A bjkeka nnkrhrhjkn% A bjkn ,o
o.kZyksio.kkZxeo.kZO;R;;SfjU% A v=kkkkL;ksRikndRoesokkL;
nkuefHkizsre~ A
3- ^^bjka n/kkrhfr ok**A bjkeka n/kkrhrhjk/k% A bjk/k ,o
o.kZyksio.kkZxeo.kkZnsko.kZO;R;;SfjU% A vkL; /kkj.ksfi
o`knhfu dkfufpfkfekkfu HkoUrq uke A rFkkfi oLrqrks /kk=kh
izk.kkfjU;So fo|rs A lk O;kidL;sUL; A
bUukefuoZpue~
163
4- ^^bjka nkj;r bfr ok**A izFkesuns a O;k[;kre~ A izjs .kkFkZfokskkis{k;k

i`Fko~ iznkZue~ A
5- ^^bjka /kkj;r bfr ok**A r`rh;susna O;k[;kre~ A O;qRikewy:i&
fokskkis{k;k i`Fko~ iznkZue~ A bjk/kkj ,ok=ksU% A
6- ^^bUnos orhfr ok**A bUnos lksejlk; orhrhUnqo% A bUnqo
,o o.kZyksiSfjU% A
7- ^^bUnkS jer bfr ok**A bUnkS lksejls jerhUnqjke% A bUnqjke ,o
o.kZyksiSfjU% A
8- ^^bU/ks Hkwrkuhfr ok**A HkwrkuhU/ks izdkk;rhrhU/k% A bU/k ,o
o.kkZnsko.kkZxekH;kfeU% A ^^rL; Hkklk loZfena foHkkfr A** bfr
dBksifuk}pue=k ikBoSyZ{khdrZO;e~ A
bna fuoZpua c`gnkj.;dksifuknsoa leFkZ;fr & ^^bU/kks g oS ukeSk
;ks;a nf{k.ks{kUiq#kLra ok ,rfeU/k lUrfeU bR;kp{krs ijks{k.kSo
ijks{kfiz;k bo fg nsok% izR;{kf}k% A** ijekReu ,osna izdj.ka u
p{kqfjfU;L; foKkuL; ok A mkj=k lgsUk.;k n;laLrkoRok&
|qDrs% kjhjknkReu% i`FkDRosukfHk/kkukksuSo ijfo|ksilagj.kkk A
bneqkj=k Hkw;ks fuiq.ka fopkjf;;ke% A
9- ^^r|nsua izk.kS% leSU/kaLrfnUL;sURofefr foKk;rs A** czk.k&
okD;ks n kgj.ks u s n a fuoZ p ue~ A rnU;fkoZ p ufefr ks k% A
164
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
,ufeUekRe:is.k kjhjeuqizfoa izk.kS% LokakHkwrSjUr%dj.kkfnfHk%

leSU/kk nhi;fkfr ;r~ A nsork bfr iwoZizra dr`Zine~ A
rfnUL;sURoe~ A b/;r brhU/k% A bU/k ,osUks ;Fkk iwoZe~ A
iwoZfLefkoZpus /kkrks% drZfj izR;;% A v=k deZf.k A vFkZfoksk&
kfLr A iwo=Z k loZHkwrkoHkkldRofeU/kRoe~ A v=k rkRi;Zr bfU;&
}kjk fofka Hkkue~ A rk fok;KkuookkkfrfjP;rs A izk.kks kCnks
u osoya ikRedL; JsL; A vfi rq KkusfU;k.kka desfZ U;k.kke~
vUr%dj.kL; p lkekU;rks okpdks ;rs oSfndHkkkk;ke~ A
10- ^^bna dj.kkfnR;kxzk;.k%** vL; txr% dj.kkRltZukfnnj% A
bnj ,o o.kZO;R;;su o.kZyksi
S Us bR;kxzk;.k vkpk;ksZ eU;rs A
vkxzk;.kxzg.ka iwtuh;izkphukpk;ZeriznkZukFk u foerRosu
[k.MukFkZe~ A
11- ^^bna nkZukfnR;kSieU;o% A** vL; loZL; O;L; nkZukr~
lkf{kRokfnnU% A bnU ,o nyksikfnU bR;kSieU;o vkpk;ksZ
eU;rs A vkSieU;oxzg.ka ;Fkk iwo xkSjokFk u fujklkFkZe~ A
bna fuoZpueSrjs;ksifuknsoa leFkZ;fr A ^^l ,reso iq#ka
czrreei;fnnenkZfefr rLekfnnUks ukesnUks g oS uke
rfenUa lUrfeU bR;kp{krs ijks{ks.k ijks{kfiz;k bo fg nsok% A**
ekuokjhjeuqizfoL; ijeL;sna izdj.ke~ A
12- ^^bUnrsoSZ;ZdeZ.k%**A ,s;ZdeZ.k% bUnrs% bfn ijeS;Z bfr
/kkrksokZ fuikfeUuke A /kkrks% drZfj ju~ izR;;s rs :ia fl/;sr~ A
bUukefuoZpue~
165
bUks uke ijesj bR;FkZ% A

13- ^^bUnN=kw.kka nkjf;rk ok A** bUnkhkku% lu~ k=kw.kka nkjf;rk
bUnkj% A bUnkj ,o o.kZyksiSfjU% A
14- ^^kof;rk ok**A bUnu~ k=kw.kka kof;rsUnko% A bUnko ,o
o.kZyksiSfjU% A vL; fuoZpuL; iwoZrqY;kFkZRosfi /kkrqHksn&
fokskkis{k;k i`Fko~ nkZue~ A
15- ^^vknjf;rk p ;Touke~ A** bUnu~ ;Toukeknjf;rk psUnj% A
bUnj ,o o.kZyksiSfjU% A milx foukfi vknjkFkZRokn=ksUnj
bR;so ewy:ia dYif;rqa ;qDra ifj.kkeyk?kok; A
,oa ink/kk fu#ekpk;s.Z kksoyfeUuke A y?kquksik;su nsork;k%
Lo:ia Kkif;rqa ukefuoZpue~ A ,rS% iwokZpk;ZrSfjUukefuoZpu&
fodYiSjLekfHkfjna Kkre~ & vkL;ksRikndkskL; /krkZ lksefiz;%
loZHkwrkoHkkld% loZnsokuql`rks txr% k txr% lk{kh ijesjks
nqkuka fuxzkgdks Hkkukeuqxzkgd bU bfr A losZkka pko;okFkZ&
fodYikuka nsork;kefUorRokr~ A rsoekfnfHk% ifHkukZekFkZ&
fuoZpufodYiS% Lia foKk;rs osnkFkZfoekZdk.kkekpk;kZ.kka izkpka
kfoU ,o losZj bfr A
rLeknLekfHkfjnehdrZO;a L;kn~
vokZpkehj ,o izkpkfeU% vokZpkehj% ,o izkpkfeU% A
v/kq u kruS % kkh;ppkZ l w i &
166
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
;qT;ekua txn/;{kijehjinekfnosnlafgrk;ka u Dokfi iz;qDra

;rs A mfkfr lEizR;;a izk% A loZnsorkizfrikndewyxzUFks
egR;kfnosns txn/;{kija izfl)a d ineklhr~ \ ;su u% iwosZ
egkZ;ks oflkn;% ijea O;otq% A
rnsoUs infefr czew % A bZjinkfnUina u fdfnfi U;wueo;okFksZ A
izR;qr fdfnf/kde~ A bZk ,s;Z bfr /kkrksuikehjine~ A bfn
ijeS;Z bfr /kkrksfjUine~ A vfi p cFk ;Fkk fujokspnkpk;ksZ
;kLd% A
v=k lUnHksZ izFkeizdj.ks nsorkfLrRolk/kukFkZeqnkra ^^;a Lek
i`PNfUr** bfr eU=ka Lekj;ke% A bZjks ukLrhfr oknekd.;kZ/kqukruks
Hkks ;k;k opu/kksj.;ksifnksr~ rkkh opu/kksj.kh r=k ;rs A
;FkkokZpka Hkkkk;ka ukfLrdks fujhj% rFkk izkpka Hkkkk;kefuU% A
v=kk;a eU=kiknks O;% A
^^d ekefuUk% .kokuqDFkk% A** 5- 2- 3 _fkoZ`k%
ekefuUk% bUks ukLrhfr okfnu% vuqDFkk% eU=kjfgrk% d .kou~
d oqoZUrq \ izfri{kkUnL;wUeufl fu/kk; _ksfj;eqf% A
ukekFkZinz kZuknkkZkSyhiznkZukkkokZpkehj
bUL; txn/;{kRoe~ ,o izkpkfeU bfr fu:fire~ A vFk
izR;{kSeZU=kizek.kSLrfk:if;;ke% A
bZ jL; ukekuq : ia iz F kea y{k.ka ldytxnkf/kiR;e~ A
bUukefuoZpue~
167
vkfnosnlafgrk;kfeU ,o ldytxnf/kifrjfHk/kh;rs A v=ksekfu

dkfufpnqnkgj.kkfu A
^^vfHkRok kwj uksuqeksnqX/kk bo /ksuo% A
bZkkueL; txr% LoZkehkkufeU rLFkqk% AA**
6- 32- 22- _fkoZfl%
gs bU gs kwj vnqX/kk /ksuo bo fLFkrk% o;e~ A vL; txr%
tekRediziL; bZkkuehja rLFkqk% LFkkojkRediziL; p bZkkua
LoZka lw;p
Z {kqka lw;Z ,o yksdk LofjR;qP;rs A vr ,o Lo%
Lokgsfr gkses lw;kZ; R;kx% lPNrs A Rok Roka vfHkuksueq % Lrqe% A
vLePNjhjlkjHkwrL; thokReuks futlk;qT;a nsghR;nqX/k/ksUokSiE;&
LokjL;kE;rs A ;tekuks nqX/k/ksuks% lkja i;ks nqX/ok ficfrA
^^Hkqoks tuL; fnO;L; jktk ikFkoL; txrLRosk lUo~ A**
6- 22- 9- _fkHkkZj}kt%
bUL; Lros;e/kZpZ% A gs bU Rosk lUo~ nhfLRoa fnO;L;
tuL; nsorkizkf.koxZL; jktk Hkqo% vHko% A rFkk ikFkoL; txr%
jktk Hkqo bfr iwosZ.kkUo;% A
^îfrcZHkwFkk leks tukukesdks foL; HkqouL; jktk AA**
6- 36- 4- _fkuZj%
v;a pk/kZpZ bUL; Lros A gs bU Roa tukuka losZ kka izkf.kuka vle%
168
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ifrcZHkwFk cHkwfoFk A rFkk ,d ,o foL; HkqouL; jktk cHkwFksfr

iwosZ.kkUo;% A
^^bUks ;krksoflrL; jktk keL; p k`f.kks otzckgq% A
lsnq jktk {k;fr pkZ.khukejkk usfe% ifjrk cHkwo AA**
1- 32- 15- _fkgj.;Lrwi%
otzckgqfjU ;kr% xPNrks teL; voflrL; fLFkrL; LFkkojL;
keL; kkUrL; tUrks% k`f.k% kòr tUrks% jktk A lsnq l ,o
[kyq pkZ.khuka iztkuka jktk HkwRok {k;fr orZrs A rk rkfu Hkwrkfu ifj
ifjr% usfe% vjkk vjku~ ifjr bo cHkwo A u osoya jktk fdUrq
rskkeUr;kZeh HkwRok O;ksR;FkZ% A
^êgks fno% i`fFkO;k lezkV~ A** 1- 100- 1- _k;ksokkkZfxjk%
bUL; Lros;a iknpZ% A egks egrksUrfj{kyksdL; fno% |qyksdL;
i`fFkO;k% i`fFkohyksdL; p lezkV~ lkoZHkkSe% e#RokfuR;qkjs.k
lEcU/k% A
^^;ks foL; txr% izk.krLifr% A** 1- 101- 5
v;a p iknpZ bUL; Lros A ;% foL; loZL; txr% iziL;
rFkk foL; izk.kr% izkf.ku tkrkosdopue~ A izHkq% ra
e#RoUrfeR;qkjs.kkUo;% A
bUukefuoZpue~
169
^^bUks ek jksnlh iizFkPNo bU% lw;Zejksp;r~ A

bUsg fok Hkqoukfu ;sfej bUs lqokukl bUno% AA** \
bU ek ekgkRE;su jksnlh |koki`fFkO;kS iizFkr~ fokkys vdjksr~ A
rFkk ko% vkReh;a cya p iizFkr~ foLrkfjroku~ A foLrh.kZ;ks|kZok&
i`fFkO;ks/kkZj.kk; futa cya p foLr`redjksfnR;FkZ% A bU%
lw;Zejksp;r~ izkdkk;r~ A bUL; rstlSo lw;Z% izdkkrs u
LorstlsR;FkZ% A bUsg gsfrHkkoo`kKkideO;;e~ A fok leLrkfu
Hkqoukfu ;sfejs ;rkfu HkofUr A bUs.k fu;E;Ur bfr Hkko% A
lq o kukl% lq r k% bUno% lks e k bUs ;s f ejs A v=ks U L;
txfk;kedRosu lgsjy{k.ksu |koki`fFkO;ksokkyhdj.ka
lw;Zizdkkua psfr vU;s p r{k.ks izksDrs% A
v;a p r`pksL;kFkZL; Hkw;ls Lihdj.kk; A
1-
;nk rs g;Zrk gjh oko`/kkrs fnos fnos A

vkfnks fok Hkqoukfu ;sfejs A
2-
;nk rs ek#rhokLrqfeU fu;sfejs A

vkfnks fok Hkqoukfu ;sfejs AA
3-
;fn lw;Zeeqa fnfo kqoza T;ksfrj/kkj;% A

vkfnks fok Hkqoukfu ;sfejs AA
8- 12- 28&30- _fk% ioZr%
170
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
gs bU rs g;Zrk euksgjkS gjh vkS fnos fnos ;nk oko`/kkrs c)kS

Hkor% A vkfne~ vuUrjeso rs fok Hkqoukfu ;sfejs A leLrkfu
Hkqoukfu ;rkfu HkofUr AA 1AA gs bU ;nk rs ro lEcfU/kU;%
ek#frok% e#wik% iztk% nsok bfr ;kor~ A rqH;a fu;sfejs A
vkfnfnR;kfn izkXor~ A e#r% loksZR% izkf.koxZ% A rskka
psUk/khuRokRlokZf.k Hkqoukfu psUk/khukfu cHkwoqfjfr Hkko% AA 2AA
gs bU Roa ;nk veaq lw; ,rkkeoa kqoaz nhI;ekua T;ksfr% fnO;kdkks
v/kkj;% /k`rokufl A vkfnfnR;kfn izkXor~ A loZyksd/kkjdL; lw;LZ ;
/kkj.ksu loZyksdfu;kedRofeUL; fl)fefr rkRi;Ze~ AA 3AA
^^bUks fno bU bZks i`fFkO;k bUks vikfeU bRioZrkuke~ A
bUks o`/kkfeU bUesf/kjk.kkfeU% {kses ;ksxs gO; bUA**
10- 89- 10- _khjs.kq%
bUks fno% |qyksdL; bZks bZjks Hkofr A bU% i`fFkO;k% bZks A bU%
vikeUrfj{kyksdL; bZks A bU br~ bU ,o ioZrkuka es?kkukehks A
bU% o`/kka o/kZekukuka losZkka izk.korka bZks A bU br~ bU ,o
esf/kjk.kka losZkka izKkorka p bZks A bU% {kses gO;% A bU% ;ksxs p
gO;% A vyC/kL; ykHkks ;ksx% A yC/kL; ikyua {ksee~ A
^^rehkkua txrLrLFkqkLir f/k;a ftUoeols gwegs o;e~ AA**
1- 89- 5- _fkxksZre%
v;e/kZpksZ oSnSos ;rs A o;a txr% teL; rLFkqk% LFkkojL;
p ir izHkqa bZkkua bZja f/k;a ftUoa cq) izh.k;Ura cqf)izh.kua pk=k
bUukefuoZpue~
171
y{k.k;k cqf)eRizh.kue~ A ra nsoa vols j{k.kk; gwegs vk;ke% A

v;ensorkukefyks/kZpksZ teLFkkojkf/kiR;fysu foHkT;
gkse bUkFk fofu;qT;rs A lk;.kkpk;ZkL;k/kZpLZ ; O;k[;kufeU&
ijr;So pozs A vkfnosnxfrfo#)RoknU;nsorkijRosu O;k[;krqa
ukkdr~ A
osfpnkgq% & ^^vfLRoUks yksd=k;L; ifr% A rFkkfi usj% A bZjLrLeS
yksd=k;jkT;a nkoku~ ;nk rkT;a bUknlqjS% vif;sr rnsj%
izknqHkwZrLrskkelqjk.kka lagkja Rok iqufjUk; jkT;a iz;PNsr~ A
=kSyksD;jkT;HkksxkuqHko ,osUL; dk; eq[;e~ A =;SyksD;L; j{k.ka
RohjL; dk;Ze~ A** bfr A
,rkkh fofp=kk jkT;i)fr% lqrjka foosdkwU;sofi lskq u ;rs A
lfr jf{krfj fok;HkksxkuqHkokFk txrka dfnkks yEiVks jktk
fdeko;d% \ b;a foy{k.kk nSojkT;i)fr% & txrka jf{krk jktSd%
fok;HkksxHkqxzktkU;k bfr A iznkrkU;kkZnkZuizek.kkfu HkxoUre~
bUelea lokZUr;kZfe.ka |koki`fFk;ks% izFkf;rkja egkk lw;LZ ;kfi
izdkkoa rFkk /kkjoa losZkka nsokuka fu;Urkjesdeso txrka jktkua
iznkZ;fUr A eU=kskq iznkra nsorkuka ekgkHkkX;a ;FkkFkZeso Hkofr u
feF;keq[kLrqfrfjfr izkek.;dk.Ms fu:fire~ A rFkkfi ;fn
feF;sR;kxzg% izR;{ka osna fol`T; izPNkfnrkReukefHk% o`rkfu
iqjk.kkfu J/kkuS% rkkSjLekoa u dksfi fookn% A ; vkkkZf.k
nkZukfu J/kkfr rLeS o;a loZfena lizek.ka nkZ;ke% A
bUL; LojkV~Roe~ bUk; u osukfi nka =kSyksD;jkT;e~ A l
172
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
LojkV~ A LojkT;a uke LorU=ka lgtekf/k& iR;e~ A v=ksekfu

dkfufpRizek.kkfu izn;ZUrsA
ikne~ & ^^Lo;qfjU LojkMfl** 3- 45- 5- _fkokfe=k%
gs bU Roa Lo;q% vkRedke% vfl A vfi p LojkV~ Lorks jkV~
vfl A ^^;LRokRejfrjso L;kr~ ** bR;knkS o.;ZekuekRekjkeRoesok=k
Lo;qkCnsuksP;rs A bUks ;|fi =kSyksD;L; HkrkZ rFkkfi ykSfdd&
fok;dkeks u l% A fdURokRedke ,o l Hkorhfr izFkeokD;&
rkRi;Ze~ A rL; =kSyksD;jkT;a p Lor% fl)fefr f}rh;okD;rkRi;Ze~ A
,rsuUs % ijrU=kjkT;ks fok;Hkksxklsfr onUikSjkf.kdks fujLr% A
^^LojkfGUks ne vkfoxwrZ% A Lofjje=kks oo{ks j.kk; AA**
1- 61- 9- _fkuksZ/kk%
LojkV~ Lo;afl)ks jktk foxwr%Z fofLeUdeZf.k leFkZ% Lofj% lqk=kq
kksHku% k=kqfjfr ;kor~ ;a lagjfr rLeS p Lox nnkrhfr kksHku&
k=kqRofeUL; A ve=k% vek=k% ves; bfr ;kor~ A bU% nes k=kqneu&
fok;s j.kk; ;q)k; vkoo{ks izki;fr Lodh;a tufefr ksk% A
^^;L; rs uwfpnkfnka u feufUr LojkT;e~ u nsoks ukf?kzxqtZu%AA**
8- 82- 11- _fk% lqd{k%
,sUs lw b;eò~ A gs bU uwfpr~ bnku ;L; rs vkfnka vkKka
LojkT;a Lor% fl)a jktRoa p u feufUr u glfUr euq;k bfr
bUukefuoZpue~
173
ksk% A vfi p nso% nsotkrh;ksfi u feukrhfr opu foifj.kes&

ukuqo`fk% A d p vf?kzxq% v?k`rxeu% fuR;lj.kkhy bR;FkZ% A
tu% jk{kl% tukCn% izkpka Hkkkk;ka izkf.kfu jk{kls p orZrs A u
feukrhfr izkXonuqo`fk% A ,rsusUL; LojkT;a u osoya LorU=ka
vfi rq ijSjfopkY;a psfr LihHkofr A
ikSjkf.kdkLrq eU;Urs HkxoUrfeUeLenkfn&
bUL; O;kidRoe~ of}xzgoUra du nsorkO;ffokske~ A
rL;kLrq uke ek;k/k`ra fdefi foxzgeqrkgks
cgwfu foxzgkf.k r=k ukLekdek{ksi% A rFkkfi ;RikSjkf.koSLrL;
O;kidRoa u y{khra rr ,o rskka efrizeknks cgqyksHkwr~ A
oLrqrks HkxokfuUks Hkqfeekdkka p O;kI; ijLrknfi ifjfkks
Hkorhfr foKk;rs A rfnnehjL;klk/kkj.kesoa y{k.ke~ A bUL;
O;kidRoa ;fn o;a lizek.ka fu:if;rqa koq eLrg rL;sjRoLFkkius
fdfnso Hkkjksofk;sr A r=ksekfu dkfufpRizek.kkfu izn;ZUrs A
^^vkstLrnL; frfRok mHks ;RleorZ;r~ A
bUesZo jksnlh AA** 7- 6- 5
^û |ko bUekstlk ukUrfj{kkf.k oftz.ke~ A
u foO;pUr Hkwe;% AA** 7- 6- 15 mHk;ksjfi _fkoZRl%
bU% mHks jksnlh |koki`fFkO;kS pesZo leorZ;fnfr ;r~ ;fnPN;k
foLrkj;fr lksp;fr ok rfng laorZ;rsjFkZ% A vL;sUL; rnkst%
l izrki% frfRoks fnnhis AA
174
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
|ko% |qyksdk% lw;kZ.kka cgqRokr~ |ko bfr cgqopue~ A vkstlk

izrkisu bUa u foO;pUr u O;kiqofUr A rFkk vUrfj{kkf.k
Hkwfelw;cZ gqRokis{k;kUrjkyckgqY;knUrfj{kckgqY;e~ A oftz.kfeUa
u foO;pUr A rFkk Hkwe;% b;esoSo u Hkwfe% lfUr cks Hkwe;ks
fokkys=k txrhfr _fk% i;fr A lw;ZHkwfecgqRoa cfgjizfr&
kkkks/kujfgrs iqjkrudkysfi ;fk.kk foyksfdra rnykSfdd&
fnO;KkuoSHkofefr dks ok u cw;z kr~ ! xzgjktkuka ckgqY;kRlw;cZ kgqY;a]
xzgk.kka ckgqY;kr~ u osoyefLeu~ czk.Ms losZofi czk.Mskq
HkwfeckgqY;fefr foosd% A u foO;pUr u O;kiqofUr A loZ&
czk.Mkfrkkf; O;kfHkZxokfuU bR;FkZ% A
^^mHks fpfnU jksnlh efgRoki izkFkr fokhfHkLrqfoe% AA**
7- 20- 4
^^vfHkRosUHkwj/kTek rs foO;efgekua jtkafl AA**
7- 21- 6
v/kZpZ;ks#Hk;ks% _fkoZfl% A
gs bU rqfoe% cgqlEifkLRoa efgRok efgek O;kidRosufs r ;kor~
rfokhfHkcZyS mHks fpr~ jksnlh |koki`fFkoh vkiizkFk vkiwfjroku~
vfl A
gs bU Rok deZ.kkTeu~ HkwekS fLFkrku~ vfHkHkw% vH;Hkw% vfHkHkoua
p Lok;khdj.ke~ A v/k fd rs efgekua jtkafl losZ yksdk% u
foO;o~ u O;kiqofUr A
bUukefuoZpue~
175
+^îz;fnRFkk efguk u`H;ks vfLr vja jksnlh d{;s3ukLeS A

lafoO; bUks o`tua u Hkwek Hkr Lo/kkok vksikfo |ke~ AA**
1- 173- 6- _fkjxLR;%
bRFkk lR;a ;Fkk rFkk u`H;% euq;sH;% efguk egosu izkfLr
izHkorhfr ;r~ ekgkRE;su u.kka izHkqHkZorhfr ;fnR;FkZ% A r=k izHkqRos
vLeS bUk; jksnlh |koki`fFkO;kS uke d{;s x`gd{;s ukja u
i;kZs A egrk bUL; izHkks% lj.kk;kYiRokk i;kZs bfr
rkRi;Ze~ A bU% Hkwe Hkw txr~ o`tua u [kqjfeo o`trs% drZukFkZL;sna
:ie~ A {ks=kizosks lL;a Urrhfr [kqjL; o`tulaKk A vU;Lek}Soa
tkrh;kRdrZukr~ A lafoO;s vko`.kksfr A o`kHkL; kjhjs ;Fkk [kqjL;
:ieYiRokk Kk;rs rFksUL; kjhjs HkwfefjR;FkZ% A Lo/kkoku~
egkkfekfuU% A ^^vkuhnokra Lo/k;k rnsde~ A** bR;knkfook=k
Lo/kkkCn% kfokph A |ka |qyksoa vksikfeo k`feo Hkr
fcHkr A o`kHkL; kjhjs Kk;ekuefi ;Fkk k`L; :ieYieso
Hkofr rFksUL; kjhjs fnoks :ifefr Hkko% A [kqjk`kSiE;kksd&
};feUkjhjSdnsk bfr xE;rs A vfi p r)kj.ks Hkxor bUL; u
dfn~Hkkj bfr p O;T;rs A
^îzfgfjfj{k vkstlk fnoks vUrsH;Lifj A
u Rok foO;kp jt bU ikFkoeuqLo/kka oof{kFk AA**
8- 77- 5- _fkuksZ/kk%
gs bU fg ;LekRdkj.kkr~ vkstlk O;kfeoizrkisu fno% |qyksdL;
i;ZUrsH;% izfjfj{ks vfrfjks Hkofl A rLekRdkj.kkr~ ikFkoa jt%
Hkwyksd% Rok Roka u foO;kp u O;kiksfr A fnoeI;rhra dFka
176
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
HkwfeO;kZi;q kfnfr Hkko% A rkkLRoa vuq vLekoa lkeF;ZeuqlR` ;sfr

;kor~ A Lo/kka k oof{kFk izkif;rqfePN A
vL;So uks/kl vkkZ% A
^^vL;s nso izfjfjps efgRoa fno% i`fFkO;k% i;ZUrfj{kkr~ A**
1- 61- 9
bR;/kZpZk=kksnkgrZO;% A
^ôo{k bUks vfere`th;qHks vkiizkS jksnlh efgRok A
vrfnL; efgekfojsP;fHk;ks fok Hkqouk cHkwo AA**
vleke~
,sUlgukeHkk;e~
177
,sUlgukeHkk;e~
vFkkr ,sUa lgukeLrks=ka O;k[;kL;ke% A bUknhfu LojkMUrkfu

lga ukekfu ekU=ko.kdkU;=k HkofUr A ;s HkofUr _k;ks nkkr;hkq
r ,oSkka ukek kj bfr gsrks;Z|fi r ,ok=k _k;ks oDrqqeqfprk% A
rFkkfi rskka cgqRokRloZeU=knkZukuka ewyHkwrks cz.kLifrjL;SUuke&
lgL; _fkokZP;% A vuqqIlq lx`ghrRoknuqqINUn% A
ijekdkkdkylw;ZoS|qrkfx:iRosu prqoHkwfrfjUks nsork A
bUizhR;FksZ ikjk;.ks tis iwtus p fofu;ksxks Hkofr A iwtus fofu;ksxs
rq ukekfu prqF;ZUrkfu iz.koknhfu ueks fojkekf.k iz;ksT;kfu A
bUks nsoreksuhy% lqi.kZ iw.kZcU/kqj% A
foL; nferk foL;skkuks fopkZf.k% AA 1AA
izFkeyksos lukekfu HkofUr A
r=ksU bR;soa uke A bUnr brhU% ijesj% A bfn ijeS;Z bfr
ikf.kfuLej.kkr~ A ijesjRoa p lokZ/;{kRoe~ A bU/ks izdkk;fr
Hkwrkfu lokZ.khrhU/k% A bU/k ,o ok o.kkZnsko.kkZxekH;kfeU% A
Hkwrkuka izdkkRoa pkUr;kZfe:is.k izoskkr~ A bU/kks g oS ukeSk
;ks;a nf{k.ks{kUiq#kLra ok ,rfeU/ka lUrfeU bR;kp{krs ijks{ks.k
ijks{kfiz;k bo fg nsok% izR;{kf}k bfr oktlusf;uka czk.kksifukn=k
178
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
Hkofr A ufUona ijekReu% izdj.ka u nsojktL;sUL; A ijekReSo

lokZUr;kZfeRosu fg osnkUrskq izfl) bfr psr~ A uSk fojks/k% A
fokReoa lefkjhja izfo% ijekRek nsojkt bUks Hkofr A
lefkkjhjd bU ,o O;fkjhjskq izfrfcfEcrks thokRek Hkofr A
^^:ia :ia izfr:iks cHkwo rnL; :ia izfr p{k.kk; A bUks ek;kfHk%
iq#:i bZ;rs ;qk L; gj;% krk nk A** bfr eU=ko.kksZ =k Hkofr A
^^:ia :ia e?kok cksHkohfr** bfr eU=ko.kZ A mifukfn Jw;ek.k%
^îjks{kfiz;k bo fg nsok% izR;{kf}k%** bR;=kksi;qks nsok bfr kCn
izdj.ka nsojktsUijeso /ou;fr A v;a p thokRekUr;kZehUL;
ijekdkk foHkwfrjsokuqfoHkwfr% A dks;a ijekdkk% A mP;rs A vkdkkks
f}fo/k% jtkse;% kq)sfr A jtkse;ksUrfj{kfeR;qP;rs A kq)ks |kSfjfr A
fRokka nsokuka kCnkuka p ekxZHkwra lw{ek.kqiVy:ieUrjky&
HkwrfeokLekfHkZ;ekufena xxueUrfj{ke~ A rnUroZr kq)a xxua
|kS% A ,kk pkUrfj{kkUroZruh p Hkofr A vUrfj{kerhR; p jktrs A
vL;k ,o ijekdkk bR;ija uke A ijekdkksu ijea O;kse
O;k[;kre~ A dFkfeU% ijekdkk:iksUrfj{kO;kid mP;r bfr
psr~ A i;sea eU=ko.kZe~ A ^^foekizk vUrfj{ka efgRok lR;e)k
u fdjU;LRokoku~ A** bfr A ,oatkrh;dk eU=kk ,sUskq ;Urs
ij%krk% A foLrjHk;kkksnkf;Urs A dFkeUrfj{kknfrfjsU mP;r
bfr psr~ A i;sea eU=ko.kZe~ A ^^vL;snos izfjfjps efgRoa fnoLi`fFkO;k%
i;ZUrfj{kkr~ A** bfr cgo ,oatkrh;dk eU=kk ,sUskq ;Urs A
foLrjHk;kkksnkf;Urs A uUo=k |kSfjUknU;ksP;r bfr psr~ A v=k
|qkCn% lw;Zokph A uhykHkkluHkLryokph ok A |qkCn% ijes
O;ksefu lw;sZ uhykHkkluHkLrys p iz;qT;rs A osnskq A f=kiknL;ke`ra
fnohR;knkS lks;a ijeO;kseij%A |kSesZ firk tfurk ukfHkj=k cU/kqesZ
,sUlgukeHkk;e~
179
ekrsR;knkS lw;Zij% A ijks fnok ij ,uk i`fFkO;srkorh efguk la

cHkwosR;knkS uhykHkkluHkLryij% A ijea O;kse p ijekReu%
loZO;kfiU;k% kDrsukZfrfjP;rs A u rr~ osoya kwU;e~ A lk p
kfjUrfj{kksikf/kdk nsojkt bU bfr O;of;rs osns kq A uUosoa
psnH~ kw;% lak;% A voknh% iwo ijekReSokUrfj{kksikf/kdk bU bfr A
v/kquk czohfk ijekRekfjUrfj{kksikf/kosU bfr psr~ A uSk fojks/k% A
ijekReuLrPNDrs O;kogkfjd ,o Hksn% A u oLrqr% A
Kkuegkleqs ;=kkgfrlEHkosukUrja lEi|rs l kks Kkrk
psfr O;of;rs A ifjfka loZr% izlkfj KkuLo:ia kf% izKk
ps f r O;of;rs A mHk;a p KkukRedes o Hkofr A
bUL;kdkkkRedRoa cks/k;Urh _xskk Hkofr A ^êgkkke fnO;a
iq#Li`X;su Hkwra tu;ks ;su HkO;e~ A iza tkra T;ksfr;ZnL; fiz;a
fiz;k% lefokUr i A** bfr A uUosoa psnU;% lak;% czk l`s%
drsZfr iqj.ksfrgklkfnH;ksoxE;rs A Hkoku~ czohrhU% l`s%
drsZfr A dFkeu;ks% lfrfjfr psr~ bUL;k|k foHkwfrjso
czkCnsukokZphus oke;s O;of;r bfr u dff}jks/k% A NUnfl
uiq a l dcz kCnks eU=kij ,o iz ; q T ;rs A vLekoa iz r%
iqafyczkCnLrq Lia iz;q% iqjUnjij ,o A ^^bUks czsU
_fkfjU% iq#iq#gwr% A egkUeghfHk% kphfHk% A** bfr _o~lafgrk;ke~ A
^^czu~ ohjczr tqkk.kksokZphuks gfjfHk;kZfg rw;e~ A** bfr p A
^^,k czk ; _fRo; bUks uke Jqrks x`.ks**A bfr lkelafgrk;ke~ A
;|fi ^^czk nsokuka inoh% dohuke~** bfr lkses czinesd=k
_o~lafgrk;ka iz;qDra rFkkfi ^^bUks czk**] ^^,k czk ; _fRo;
bU%** bfr LFky;ksfjUeuw| czRoa fo/kh;rs A czk nsokukfefr
lkseL; xq.k mP;rs A rLekkRlkseija lkis{ka czina xkS.ka
180
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
HkforqegZfr A iwoZ;ksujis{ka fo/kh;ekua eq[;eso oO;e~ A

,rsork};a fouk izkphus NUnksoke;s czkCnks u Dofpnfi
nsork;ka iz;
q ks % A rLekfkxekuqlkjs.k ikSjkf.kdks czk O;k[;s;% A
mDra lkejL;e~ A o{;kekxz s A vkxz k ;.ks u Hkxork
eqfuukseU;fnUinfuoZpua pSresokFk <;fr A bna txr~
djksrhrhnj% A bnj ,o o.kZyksio.kZO;R;klkH;kfeU bfr rnh;a
fuoZpue~ A ;FkksDra ;kLosu A bnj.kkfnR;kxzk;.k bfr A Hkxor
vkSieU;oL; equsjLR;U;fkoZpue~ A ;FkksDra ;kLosu A bna
nkZukfnR;kSieU;o bfr A b;e=k O;qRifk% A bna i;rhrhnU% A
bnU ,o o.kZyksikfnU bfr A ,srjs;ksifukRijesjL; l`fefHk&
/kk; r=k kjhjskq nsorkuqizoskeqDRok rnuq ijesjL;kuqizoska
O;kp{kk.kSoekgA ^^l ,reso lhekua fonk;SZr;k }kjk izki|r A
lSkk fofrukZe}kLrnsrkkUnue~ A rL;k; vkolFkk;% A Loik
v;ekolFkks;ekolFkks;ekolFk bfr A ltkrks HkwrkU;fHkO;S[;r~
fdfegkU;a okofnkfr A l ,reso iq#ka czrrei;fnnenkZe~
brh A rLekfnnUks ukeSnUksgoSukerfenUa lUrfeU bR;kp{krs
ijks{ks.k A ijks{kfiz; ,o fg nsok% izR;{k f}k** bfr A b;a
JqfrjkSieU;oL; fuoZpueuqx` kfr A ,oa eq[;kRokjksFkkZ vfHkfgrk
bUinL; A losZ rqY;a xEHkhjk% A losZ lizek.kk% A
vFk nsore bR;soa uke A vfrk;su nsoks nsore% A losZkq nsoskq
eq[; bR;FkZ% A
vFkkuhy% lqi.kZ bfr f}inesoa uke A vuhyksoqyk;% lqi.kZ
if{kjkt% A b;a :idkfrk;ksf% A ifjfPNkLFkkukHkkokr~
,sUlgukeHkk;e~
181
lokZfrkkf;xfrfokskkkkoqyk;% lqi.kZ brhUks/;olh;rs A l

,o losZkka LFkkue~ A u rL; fdefi LFkkua oLrqr% A ^^fn sk
vkRek**A ^^; ,k nf{k.ks{kUiq#k%** bR;knhfu opukfu O;kidL;
rL; izk/kkU;su xzg.k;ksX;LFkyiznkZukFkkZU;so HkofUr A vO;kgrks
Kkuizlkj ,o lokZfrkkf;uh rL; xfr% A
vFk iw.kZcU/kqj bR;soa uke A iw.kZklkS cU/kqj iw.kZcU/kqj% A O;kid&
Rosu iw.kZRoa O;k[;kre~ A cU/kqjRoa p lkURoe~ A dks Hksn% iw.kZRo&
cU/kqjRo;ksfjfr psr~ A v[k.MRoa iw.kZRoe~ A rnso O;kidRoe~ A
[k.MoLrwukefojy% la;ksx% lkURoe~ A dFkesd ,ok[k.M%
[k.MoLrqiVykRed Hkorhfr psr~ A vfUrfj{kksikf/kdL;So
ijekdkkL;sUizFkefoHkwfrRokkL;kUrjkis{k;k iw.kZRoeqik/;is{k;k
cU/kqjRoa psR;fojks/k% A
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nef;rk A neua p d;kfpfk;R;k fuxzg.ke~ A fopkydlw=k&
Hk`fnR;FkZ% A
vFk foL;skku bfr f}inesoa uke A foL; loZiziL; bZkku
bZj% A
vFk fopkZf.kfjR;soa uke A fos pkZ.k;ks euq;k ;L; l
fopkZf.k% A losZkka euq;k.kka lk/kkj.ka nSofeR;FkZ% A
182
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
fokfu pfoLeknqkjks foHkwc`Zgu~ A

psfdrkuks orZeku% Lo/k;k p;k ij% AA 2AA
f}rh;yksos lukekfu HkofUr A
r=k fokfu pffjfr f}inesoa uke A fokfu lokZf.k Hkqoukfu
pf% lk/kq roku~ fokfu pf% A rRlk/kqdkfjf.k drZfj o`k%
fdUizR;;% A rL; fyM~on~Hkkosu dr`d
Z eZ.kks% rhfr u fokCnr%
kh A bna ukesUL; fodr`ZRos fyesoa Hkofr A
vFk foLeknqkj bfr f}inesoa uke A foLeknqkj% ij% A bna p
ijRoa f}/kk Hkofr A ,oa fokf/kdRokq.kkfnfHk% A vU;f}erhR;
p orZekuRokRLo:ir% A uuwkjksFkZ bUs u lPNrs A l fg
fokUrj ,o u fokrhr bfr psr~ A uSrkks|e~ A fokrhrL;So
fokUrjhHkkokr~ A O;ogkjHksnLrq roehekaldkukefdfRdj% A
vFk foHkwfjR;soa uke A foa HkoR;Lekfnfr foHkw% A fokfu
pffjR;usu Hkxorks fufekdkj.kRoa nkre~ A foHkw&
fjR;usuksiknkudkj.kRofefr foksk% A
vFk c`gfkR;soa uke A foLeknqkjRosu Hkxorks c`goa O;k[;kre~ A
vleke~
tSfeuh;lw=kHkk;e~
183
tSfeuh;lw=kHkk;e~
1- /keZy{k.kkf/kdj.ke~
lw=ke~ 2 & ^^pksnuky{k.kksFkksZ /keZ%**
pksnuk osn% y{k.ka izek.ka ;L; lksFkksZ /keZ bR;sos O;kp{krs A
v=kkFkZ% iz;kstua psRLoxkZfn/keZ% izlT;sr A T;ksfrksekfnuZ /keZ%
L;kr~ A vFk ;fn iz;kstuofr y{k.kk A nsork p /keZ% izlT;sr A
uuq lkS=keFkZkCna f}jkorZ;ke% A rsukLekdeqHk;a fl/;sr~ A ,dnk
kDR;kFkZ bfr A vU;nk y{k.k;kFkZokfufr A osnizek.koa
iz;kstuoRiz;kstua /keZ bR;qDra Hkofr A ;PNfra iz;kstua ps)eZ% A
T;ksfrkseknkolEHko ,o y{k.kL; L;kfnfr A r=kksP;rs A u
/kesZ.kkfLr iz;kstuRoe~ A u f;kek=ka fg /keZ% A rfkik|s
[kYokRelaLdkjs /kekZ[;k A vr ,o /ke iq#kkFk Hk.kUr% lPNUrs A
,oefi eks{ky{k.kefrizlDra L;kr~ A l p osnizek.kd% A
v[k.MkuUnookRiz;kstuoku~ Hkofr A cU/kfuo`fk:iRokr~ iz;kstua
p Hkofr A rfnesofs r psfRl)a y{k.ke~ A O;ogkjfojks/k% osoyks=k
Hkofr A /kekZUeks{ka fg i`FkXO;ogjfUr A vFkok O;ogkjkuqowy% A
184
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
fuo`fky{k.k% [kyq /keksZ U;kl% A U;klkk eks{kks ukfrfjP;rs A

l ,o cU/k% A vl ,o eks{k% A bfr fg nwjkka fu.kZ;% A
ijs izkgq% A pksnu;k izorZosu oSfndokD;su y{;rs fu:I;r bfr
pksnuky{k.k% rkkksFkksZ /keZ bfr uSrsFkZkCna f}jkorZ;fUr A
,rskkeFkZL;kFkZofry{k.kk A izorZdoSfndokD;fu:firiz;kstuoku~
/keZ bR;qDra Hkofr A iwosZ.k foksk.ksu nsork;kefrizlfokZ;Zrs A
mkjs.k LoxkZnkS A okD;L; izorZdRoa p kDR;k rkRi;sZ.k ok A
rsukFkZokncykfcyk}k dfYirkuka fo/khuka p lxzg% L;kr~ A
uUosoa psnqkja foksk.ka O;FkZe~ A iwosZ.kSo LoxkZnsokZjf;rqa kD;Rokr~
l fg pksnu;k fu:firks u Hkofr A vuqoknLrq u fu:i.ke~ A
v=kkgq% A vU;nLR;Lekoa iz;kstue~ A ;sukfnokZj.kh;% Qy}kjk
ikifuikndRokkSo y{k.kh;% ;sukfn% A vFkZokfuR;usuk;a ok;sZr
i;ZolkusukFkZoku~ fg l% A
brjs onfUr A u ;sukfnokZj.kh;% lkS=ks.k foksk.ksu A ;fn oSfndL;
fo/ks% izorZdRoa ;suknkoqii|sr A rnk rL; /keZRoa okjf;rqa lkS=ka
foksk.ka u izHkosr~ A ;fn uksii|rs rnk iwoZeso foksk.keya
okjf;rqe~ A dFkeuqiifk% izorZdRoL; L;kr~ A ;fn rkRi;
izo`fkizfrcU/kde~ A vFk lkS=kL;kFkZkCnL; dk xfr% A vfHk/ks;&
i;kZ;% l Hkofr A vfHk/ks; Hkko% A izorZdokD;fu:firks Hkkoks
/keZ bR;qDra Hkofr A uuq dks;a Hkkoks uke A i;ZolkLrkRi;kZFkZ
bR;sok=k czwe% A
tSfeuh;lw=kHkk;e~
185
2- fufekijh{kkizfrKkf/kdj.ke~
lw=ke~ 3 & ^^rL; fufekijhf% A**
rL; /keZL; fufekijhf% fufekijh{kk A vf/kdkjlw=kfena Hkofr A
f}rh;k/;k;izFkeiknkolkui;ZUrks;ef/kdkjks osfnrO;% A
3- izR;{kk|fufekRokf/kdj.ke~
lw=ke~ 4 & ^^lRlEiz;ksxs iq#kL;sfU;k.kka cqf)tUerRizR;{ke~
vfufeka fo|ekuksiyEHkuRokr~ A**
lrka O;xq.kdeZ.kka lEiz;ksxs fok;hHkkos iq#kL;sfU;k.kka cqf)tUe
Hkofr A rRizR;{ka izR;{kukeoa izek.ka Hkofr A vfufeka vdkj.ka
/kekZocks/ks rr~ oqr% A fo|ekuksiyEHkuRokr~ A izR;{ka fg
fo|ekuksiyEHkueso Hkofr A /keZ foy{k.k% A vRokr~ A ,rsu
izR;{kewykfu izek.kkUrjkf.k p O;k[;krkfu A
4- osnizkek.;kf/kdj.ke~
lw = ke~ 5 & ^^vkS R ifkdLrq kCnL;kFks Z u lEcU/kLrL;
KkueqinskksO;frjsdkFksZ uqiyC/ks rRizek.ka cknjk;.kL;kuis{k&
Rokr~ A**
kCnL;kFksZu lEcU/k% vkSRifkd% lgtLrq Hkofr A iwoZi{kizka
186
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
f=keRoa O;korZf;rqa rq kCn% A rL; lgtkFkZlEcU/kL; kCnL;

minsk% lekek;% Kkua Hkofr A KkuL;So lk kCnrksfHkO;ffjfr
;kor~ A vuqiyC/ks izR;{kk|uoxrs vFksZ vO;frjsd l Kkue;
minsk% A vO;frjsdRoa p foi;ZLrRoe~ A rnfHkO;Dra Kkua kkCna
izek.ka Hkofr A cknjk;.kL;kpk;ZL; ersu A cknjk;.kxzg.ke=k
fok;s rL; izFkea ;qfnkZua iwtf;rqe~ A oqr% izek.ka Hkofr A
vuis{kRokr~ A izR;{kkfn fujis{ka fg Hkofr rkka Kkue~ A vFkok
izR;{kkfnfujis{kks fg Hkofr rkka Kkuokgh kCn% A ykSfdd%
kCnLrq izR;{kkfnizek.kkUrjizferkuqokndks Hkofr A vr% lkis{k% A
rL; lkis{kRokknqRika Kkua p lkis{ke~ A izR;{kknhukefufekRoa
izkxsokse~ A
uuq izR;{kknhU;Urjk Kkua dFk L;kr~ A ;}kgh kCnLRo;k lekek;
mP;rs A lR;e~ A ykSfdoa O;fKkua izR;{kknhU;Urjk u Hkofr A u
rn=k fok;% A lefKkuef/kR;Sokpk;ksZ czohfr A rk u
ykSfddiq#kp{kqjkfnlkis{ka Hkofr A
5- kCnfuR;Rokf/kdj.ke~
lw=ke~ 6 & ^^deSZos r=k nkZukr~** A
lkekU;r% kCnL; fuR;Roa LFkkif;rqeknkS iwoZi{kekjp;fr A ,os
ijh{kdk% izra kCna deZ dk; izkgq% A oqr% \ r=k deZ.;qkkj.k:is
nkZukkL; A f;kuUrjeso ;nuqHkw;rs u rq rRiwoeZ ~ A rRdk;Zfefr
fg izrh;rs A ;Fkk ?kVkfn A ,oa p fdek;kre~ A ;PNCn% dk;Z% A
tSfeuh;lw=kHkk;e~
187
rkL;kFkZ l EcU/k f=ke% A vFkZ l EcU/ks p f=kes

O;fKkuokfgRoe~ ,o iqujk;krekek;L; A rr lkis{kRoe~ A
lkis{kRokkkizkek.;e~ A
lw=ke~ 7 & ^^vLFkkukr~** A
vLFkkukr~ vfLFkrs% foujRokfnfr ;kor~ A kCna deSZos izkgq% A
dk;ZLoHkkoks fg ukk% A
lw=ke~ 8 & ^^djksfrkCnkr~** A
ek.kod% kCna djksfr bR;kfnO;ogkjks ;rs A rLek}ogkjfl)kr~
djksfrkCnkk kCna deSZos izkgq% A fuR;skq fg djksfrkCnks uksi&
i|rs A
lw=ke~ 9 & ^^lokUrjs p ;ksxi|kr~** A
lokUrjs izk.;Urjs ;kSxi|kr~ kCna deSZos izkgq% A fuR;sr~
;qxinusd=k u ;sr A ;ks /ofurkFkZr leku% A nkZua pk=k u
Jo.kek=ke~ A vfi rq izknqHkkZo% Jo.ka psR;qHk;e~ A
lw=ke~ 10 & ^îzfrfoR;ks** A
vfxl~ bR;skk izfr% A vfx% bR;skk rf}fr% A izrkoUR;%
ldkjks fg jsQRosu izFkeeuUrja foltZuh;Rosu p ifj.kr% A
188
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
,oa tkrh;d;ks% izfrfoR;ks nkZukPNCna deSZos izkgq% A

fuR;kuka fodkjklEHkokr~ A
lw=ke~ 11 & ^ô`f) dr`ZHkwekL;** A
drZ.kka Hkwek cgqRosu vL; kCnL; o`f) Hkofr A o`f){k;kS
fuR;kuka uksii|srs A rLekk kCn% dk;Z% A
lw=ke~ 12 & ^^lea rq r=k nkZue~** A
rq kCn% iwo i{ka O;korZ;fr A ;nqDra r=k nkZua rRlea
fuR;kukefuR;kuka p A ;FkSokfuR;k% deZfHktkZ;Urs rFkkfuR;k
deZfHkjfHkO;T;Urs A ?kVkn;% iwoZs kkeqnkgj.kkfu A ioukn; mkjskke~ A
iouks fg lkso O;tupkyudeZ.kkfHkO;T;Urs A kCn% deZf.k
nkZukkk;r bfr dFka fu/kkZjf;rqa kD;e~ A lEHkofr fHkO;f A
lw=ke~ 13 & ^^lr% ijenkZua fok;kukxekr~** A
fok;sfU;lfkdkkZ;kukxekr~ lr ,oknkZua Hkofr A rr~ fde~ A
ija vLFkkua ;o;ksefuR;Rodkj.ke~ A vnkZuesokLFkkuor~ lr%
kCnL; izfrHkkrhfr ;kor~ A rLekk rnfuR;Rodkj.ka oDrqa
kD;e~ A
lw=ke~ 14 & ^îz;ksxL; ije~** A
ija ;nqefuR;Rodkj.ka kCnL; djksfr kCndeZRo O;ogj.ke~ A
tSfeuh;lw=kHkk;e~
189
rRiz ; ks x L; lEcU/kkr~ u rs % lEcU/kkr~ A rLekk rn~

vfuR;Rodkj.ka oDrqa kD;e~ A
lw=ke~ 15 & ^^vkfnR;o|ksxi|e~** A
;nqDra lRokUrjs ;kSxi|a rnkfnR;or~ A vkfnR;L;so kCnL;kfi
Hkofr A uuq fokeks kUr% A vkfnR;ks fg ukusdo`;rs cgqfHkjfi
`fHk% A u foke% A kCnksfi ukusdoPN;rs cgqfHkjfi Jksr`fHk% A
uUoLekfHk#iU;Lra oSkE;eU;r~ A vkfnR;ks ukusdLFkysofHkO;
bo ;rs cgqfHkjfi `fHkfjfr A usfr cwez % A l fg rkskokflfHk&
Lrksklehis izknqHkwZr bo ;rs A uuq rFkknkZusfi fnXHksnsu u
i;fUr A u A fnXHksnsukfi i;fUr A ,;kokfluka ;k izkph lk
esfjdkokfluka izrhph Hkofr A ;nks|Uresrs i;s;%q rnk rsLra;Ura
i;s;q% A uUoijefLr oSkE;e~ A ,d=kfLFkrkukusd=k fLFkre~
bokfnR;euqHkos;q% A kCna Rosd=k fLFkrk ,okusd=k izknqHkZoUreuq&
HkofUr A ,rnfi ukfLr oSkE;e~ A u Jksruf/kR;kpk;Z% ifjgjfr
;kSxi|e~ A vfi rq iz;ksDruf/kR; A rnso [kyq ifjgrZO;e~ A
;Fkk cgoks O;kikjs.kSdekfnR;a ;qxinuqHkofUr A rFkk cgo% iz;kskjks
O;kikjs.k kCneuqHkofUr A vuqHkko;fUr p ijkfuR;=k rrks foksk% A
uuq iqujk;kreU;}SkE;e~ A KkusfU;O;kikj% lw;ZL;kuqHkos i;kZks
Hkofr A kCnL;kuqHkos rq desZfU;O;kikjks fufeke~ A vuqHkoLrq
ijr% A ;nuqHkofr Jks=ka kCne~ A r=k Jks=kO;kikjek=ka ukye~ A
uSr}SkE;e~ A izkP;ka lw;sZ fLFkrs izrhP;fHkeq[k% i;kfi u i;fUr
lw;eZ ~ A rLekk=kkI;fHkeq[kRoa fufekeU;f}|rs KkusfU;O;kikjkr~ A
,oe=kkskkj.ka HkforqegZfr A
190
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
lw=ke~ 16 & ^ô.kkZUrjefodkj%** A

; m% ldkjknsoltZuh;kfnRosu ifj.kke% l ifjf;rs A
rf}ltZuh;kfno.kkZUrjeso Hkofr A vfodkj% u ldkjknsodkj% A
lw=ke~ 17 & ^ûkno`f)ijk** A
;ksk dr`ZckgqY;s kCnL; o`f)% lk ukno`f)ijk Hkofr A u
kCnLo:io`f)ijk A dks;a kCnknU;ks uknks uke A ikf.kfuuZnr
kCnkFkZdeso Lejfr A irtfy% izrhrinkFkZoa /ofueso kCna
Hk.kfr A mP;rs A rstks:ikfoo kCnuknkS fHkkkS Lr% A vHksnsu
ijLijljs.k pksipkjrks O;of;rs r}nso kCnks oksHk;kFkZ% L;kr~ A
lw=ke~ 18 & ^^fuR;Lrq L;kkZuL; ijkFkZRokr~** A
ifjrk vfuR;Rogsro% A lEizfr izrkCnL; fuR;Roa fu:i;fr A
fuR;Lrq L;kRizr% kCn% A oqr% \ nkZuL; ijkFkZRokr~ A ;Riz;s
lfr nkZua kCnL; rRijkFk fg Hkofr A ijkFkZRoa pkFkZid
z kkukFkZRoe~ A
;fn rRdkyt ,o kCnLrnk rL; ijkFkZRos }kS nkskkS izlT;s;krke~ A
izknqHkkZokRiwo iz;ksD=kk LoksfkFkZlEcfU/kRosu u Le`rks Hkosr~ A Jks=kk
p rf}of{krkFkZlEcfU/kRosu u x`ghrks Hkosr~ izknqHkkZorksuUrje~ A
uwrus izR;fHkKk;k vlEHkokr~ A
tSfeuh;lw=kHkk;e~
191
lw=ke~ 19 & ^^loZ=k ;kSxi|kr~** A

loZ=k Hkwrs orZekus Hkfo;fr loZnskLFks pkFkZs ;kSxi|kr~ ;qxir~
izo` ks% kCnks fuR;% A xkSfjfr kCn% Hkwra Hkfo;Ura orZekua loZns kLFka
p xka cks/k;fr A rRdkytskSrnqii|sr A uSkk ;qffjR;kg A ;ka
cks/kf;rqa cDrq#sk% A rkesdkeso O; cks/k;fr fg kCn% A u A
;rks tkr p cks/k;fr A uUosoa ps|koku~ O; cks/k;fr rkokufuR;%
L;kr~ A vkdkkknhuka O;huka fuR;Rokkk;a fojks/kLr=k L;kr~ A ;=k
lkekU;su fokskizR;;Lr=k kCnsu lksijk/k vkjksif;rqa kD;% A
izrhfrLoHkkofoksk ,o fg l Hkofr A ;=k iqjksofLFkrnsonkO;kS
nsonkkCn% izR;;a tu;fr A r=kkfi Lru% Lruks ok nsonkks u
rsu O;koR;Zrs A uUosoa psnfuR;kFkZlEcU/kknfuR;Roa nsonkkfnkCnkuka
iqujk;kre~ A u A fLFkrSjso o.kSZ% ;ksxokkr~ dLefnFksZ orZekuSjso
kCnStkZrkuka laKk% f;Urs O;ogj.kk; A rskq rnFkZ;ksxa k
Hkkof;Rok ok A rk lkekU;su fokskO;ogj.keso Hkofr A uuq ;skq
rnFkZ;ksx% rk Hkorq A ;skq rnFkZ;ksxHkkouk r=k lkekU;fokskHkko%
dFka fl/;sr~ A Hkkouk;kLrkkh kfjLrhfr cwze% A ;Fkk
prqj[ksyulk/kuskq fp=knk#kdyskq jktefU=kxtkjFkifk&
Hkkouk;k% A
lw=ke~ 20 & ^^l[;kHkkokr~** A
l[;k;k vHkkokk fuR;% kCn% A xks kCn ,d ,osfr fg izrhfr% A
;|fuR;% kCn% cgo bfr izrhfr% L;kr~ A xkskCna f=k#kkj;rhR;kfn&
O;ogkjL; LFkkus =khu~ xkskCnkuqkkj;rhfr O;ogkj% lEizlT;sr A
192
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
lw=ke~ 21 & ^^vuis{kRokr~** A

vuis{kRokk fuR;% kCn% A fdfena kCnL;kuis{kRoa A mP;rs A
mkkjf;rqoo{kkeuis{;kfi kCnksFk cks/k;fr A rfnneuis{kRoa
kCnL; A ;Fkk ^^vfxehGs iqjksfgre~** bR;kfn ek.kod% iBfr A
vfuPNksokFk cks/kf;rqa osoya kCnkH;klk; A vFkZ izrhrks
HkosPNkrs q onqk% A ;fn r% L;kUek.koosu rnFkZ ek.kodfoo{kk&
/khu% L;kr~ A u p rL; foo{kkfLr A rLekfkR;% kCn% A
vFkok mkkj.kiz;lk/;kefHkO;feuis{;kfi kCnksFk cks/k;fr A
dFke~ A Lej.kek=kkr~ A Lej.ka pkrRiwoLZ ; uksii|rs A vFkok fyfikq
Hkkoukr% A Hkkouk pkrRiwoLZ ; uksii|rs A rLekfkR;% kCn% A
vFkok miknkudkj.kkuis{k% kCn% A rLekfkR;% A ;Fkk rUro%
iVL;ksiknkudkj.ka HkofUr A uSoa kCnL; fdefi ;rs A ;r%
kCnL; dk;ZRoa fu/kkZ;sZr A ukk dkj.kukklEHkokr~ A ;Fkk
rUrqukklEHkokRiVukk% A uuq kCnL; iVkUrks uksii|rs A
kCnks xq.k% A iVks O;e~ A O;LoHkkokUrsu xq.kLoHkkoks
fu:if;rqe~ vkD;% A vfi kCnks xq.k bfr o;a ukhoqeZ% A
O;eso kCn% A uknxq.kookkyuf;kookk rstks:i;ksfjo
kCnukn;ksO;Zogkjljks O;k[;s;% A
vFkok u :iLikkZfnonkJ;lkis{k% kCn% A ;nqRikkoL;ksRik
;kkksL; ukka p fu/kkZj;se A rLekfkR;% A dFkekJ;kuis{k% A
vxq.kRoknso A uUokkwRifkfoukkLoHkkooO;eso ok Hkorq A O;a
tSfeuh;lw=kHkk;e~
193
L;kr~ A mRifkfoukkok Hkofr A oqr% \ O;LoHkkofojks/kkr~ A

fu;esuksRi;uUrjdkyeso u;O;a fg uksiyH;rs A rLekn~
vfHkO;ffrjks/kkuoO;eso oO;% kCn% A iou fo|qnkfnor~ A
,rskq iLoFksZkq dks T;k;ku~ A loksZfi kCnL; fuR;Roa lk/kf;rqa
gsrqHkZofr A loZ=k p lw=kk{kjk.;uqowykfu A rLekkqY;k% ikI;FkkZ%
uuq rqY;sofi iLoFksZkq Ro;Sd ,o xzk% A ikfi xÙrs A
,dLeRlw=ks izrk% ikI;FkkZ% fy;Ur bfr cwze% A okD;HksnLrq
lw=kskq u nksk% L;kr~ A
lw=ke~ 22 & ^îz[;kHkkokk ;ksxL;** A
;ksxL; vFksZu lg lEcU/kL; iz[;kHkkokr~ izflf)Hkkokk fuR;%
kCn% A br% izkDNUnL; Jo.ksu Le`R;k Hkkou;k okFkZKkua kCnL;
iwoRZ os gsrRq osuksiU;Lre~ A lEizfr RoFkZL; nkZuus kCnL; rRlEc&
fU/kRosu Lej.keqnkgrZO;a ;ksxizflf)funkZuk; A ;Fkk nsonkO;
k nsonkkCna LejfUr izk;% A rk Lej.ka kCnL;krRiwoZRosu
lEHkofr A
lw=ke~ 23& ^^fynkZukk** A
fyL; ekU=ko.kdL; nkZukk fuR;% kCn% A d rfe~ A
^ôkpk fo:i fuR;;k** bfr A uuq uk;a gsrq% lk/kd% A
brjsrjkJ;nkskkiks% A osnL; izek.kRos ySfoa fuR;Roa fl/;fr A
ySfos fuR;Ros fl)s nsoL; izkek.;a fl)a L;kr~ A uSrkks|e~ A
194
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
u o;a fg fuR;Roa kCnL; izkek.;lk/kuk;ksnkgjke% A u koqe&

ksnkgrqeZ ~ A rFkk lfr oSfndks ykSfdd% p loZ% kCn% izek.ka Hkosr~ A
osoyefuR;Roa ifjgjke% kCnL; A ;fnkFkZcks/kizfrcU/kde~ A
rqY;a oSfndykSfddkCn;ks% A vFk d rs oSfndL; kCnL;
izek.klk/kdfefr psr~ A rnqDra izkxsokuis{kRokfnfr A
6- osnokpdRokf/kdj.ke~
lw=ke~ 24 & ^^mRikkS ok opuk% L;qjFkZL;krfkfekRokr~** A
mRikkS kCnL;kFkZsu lEcU/kL;kSRifkdRos ok vopuk% vokpdk%
L;q% A os A /keZizek.kRosukfHkerkLrs oSfndk% kCnk% A oqr% \
vFkZL; vrfkfekROkkr~ A ;ks oSfndksFkZ% u rL; oSfndkCnfufekRoa
i;ke% A vFkZ% [kyq kCnL; izo` kkS fufeka Hkofr A v% LoxkZfn&
:iksFkZ% A r=k dFka LoxkZfnkCnizo`fk% A v ;kxkfnfuik|ks
/keZ% A rL; dFka pksnukfu:I;Roe~ A skq [kYoFksZ kq kCnk% izorsjZ u~ A
bfr iwoZ% i{k% A
lw=ke~ 25 & ^^rq.kkuka f;kFksuZ lekek;ksFkZL; rfkfekRokr~** A
r=kkFksZ Hkwrkuka o`kkuka kCnkuka f;kFksuZ deZi;z kstusu gsruq k lekek;
minskks Hkofr A rnk rnk Hkxon~fHkeZgkfHkfjfU;fujis{ks.k
fnO;Kkusu sosokFksZkq LoxkZfnkCnk% izo`kk% A rRlk/kuRosu
,okrhfU;sFksZ /keZkCn% A rkusokFkkZu~ HkxoUrks egkZ; mifnkfUr A
vU;s fi /keZ f uikndf;kuq kus u Js ; % iz k i q o fURofr A
tSfeuh;lw=kHkk;e~
195
dFkerhfU;kFkksZinskks cks/kdks Hkosr~ A vFkZL; rfkfekRokr~ A l

kCn% fufeka ;L; l rfkfekks fg HkoR;FkZ% A vU;LeS
Locq)eFkZeoxef;rqa kCn ,d ,o lk/kuHkwr bR;FkZ% A yksosfi
rRdkys iqjks uofLFkrLoi& izR;{kkuqoknskq xrpfj=kkuqdhrZuskq
pSkSo jhfrZ;rs A rLekks/kdk ,o oSfndk% kCnk% A
lw=ke~ 26 & ^^yksos lfk;ekRiz;ksxlfkdkZ% L;kr~** A
yksos iz;ksxk; kCniz;ksxL; lfkdkZ% bfU;kuqHkwrkFkZo`fkRoa
Hkofr A oqr% \ lfk;ekr~ A ykSfddL; KkuL; lfk;eks fg
fo|rs A lfk;e fo|ekuskq fu;e% A ;s fo|Ur bfr izrh;Urs rs
lUr mP;Urs A uuq vuqoknskq xrpfj=klhrZuskq p lfkdkksZ u
;rs iz;ksxL; A u ;rka uke A izFkeiz;ksxL; lfkdkksZ foof{kr%
lw=krk A f}rh;knhuka rUewydRokk rkfu i`FkxqnkgrZO;kfu A
vkUrjkfnizR;;% kCn:iRokk iz;ksxknfrfjPP;rs A u osoya
oS[kjhkCn% A vfi rq i;Urh p A
7- osnklfkdkkZf/kdj.ke~
lw=ke~ 27 & ^ôsnkaSos lfkdk iq#kk[;k%** A
,os ijh{kdk% osnka lfkdk iz;ksxlfkdk eU;Urs A bfU;kuq&
HkwrkFkkZuoq kn:ikUeU;Ur bfr ;kor~ A oqr% \ iq#kk[;k bfr Rok A
iq#kk.kka fg iz;ksxlfkdkkZs ;rs A os rs iq#kk% \ ;nk[;k osnk% A e/kq&
PNUnktsrkes/kkfrfFkfjR;kn;ks eU=kskq A ,srjs;fLrfkfjfjR;kn;ks czk.kskq A
196
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vij vkg A uk;a iwoiZ {kL;kFkZ% A vU;ks;eFkksZ Hkofr A ,os ijh{kdk%

osnku~ p lfkdk lfkdkyku~ rdkfufr ;kor~ eU;Urs A
oqr% \ iq#kk[;k bfr Rok A ;fn u rk% L;q% dg iq#kk[;k
O;ogkjks u fl/;sr~ A
v;a iwoZ% i{kks oSfndykSfddokD;;ksLrqY;% A vrdk% kCnk
bfr LFkkfira kCnfuR;Rokf/kdj.ks A u osoya oSfndkuka kCnkuka
fuR;Roe~ A vfi rq ykSfddkukefi A vU;Fkk ykSfddknfx&
kCnk}SfndksfxkCnks fHkkkFkZ% L;kr~ A rsukFkZiRz ;;ks u L;kr~ A vfi
p oSfndk ,o kCnk% izR;k;dk% L;q% A fuR;Ros yksdkuqlkjs.k osns
vkSRifkdkFkZlEcU/kookr~ A u ykSfddk% A vfuR;Rosu rnHkkokr~ A
uuq uk;eLekoa u;% A HkoUrq fuR;k% kCnk% losZ A okD;jpua
yksos i;ke% A osns p ;eku% incU/kks okD;jpua HkforqegZfr
iq#kk[;k nkZuk)srks% A v;eso iwoZ% i{kks Hkofr A
;|soa HkokUoSfnoa okD;cU/kefi fuR;a eU;rs A
vkD;a rr~ A vlkS=ka p Hkofr A ;fn lw=kdkj% oSfnoa okD;&
cU/kefi fuR;a lk/kf;rqfePNsr~ A rnk izfrcU/kdifjgkjek=ks.k u
pfjrkFkZ% L;kr~ A lk/kf;rO; rsu lksFkZ% A u p lk/kf;rqa iz;rekuks
;rs A ;k Ro;ksk d=kZuiq yfC/k% fuR;Roa lk/kf;rqa gsrrq ;k A rka
u lw=kdkj mifnkfr A
vleke~
bZkksifukn~Hkk;e~
197
bZkksifukn~Hkk;e~
vFk oktlusf;uka lafgrksifukna O;k[;kL;ke% A

bZkkokL;fena lo ;r~ d p txR;ka txr~ A
rsu R;Drsu HkqthFkk ek x`/k% dL;fLo)ue~ AA 1AA
txR;ka izis ;r~ d p txr~ xfrer~ izk.kofnfr ;kor~ A rfnna
lo bZkk loZkDrsu ijekReuk okL;ekPNk|e~ O;kI;feR;FkZ% A
rsu txnaksu R;Drsu ifjR;Drsu vfok;hrsufs r ;kor~ A HkqthFkk%
vuqHko bZjfefr ksk% A ?kVs dEcqxhz ooRoknsodkjkakL; ifjR;kxsu
e`nuqHkoor~ txR;ka uke:ikfnfodkjkakifjR;kxsu dkj.kHkwr&
lnuqHko% fl/;rhfr rkRi;Ze~ A ,oeu;k f=kik|k Kku;ksx m% A
mkj;k iik|k deZ;ksxekg ek x`/kks ek dkea Fkk% A /kua dL;fLok
dL;fpfnR;FkZ% A
oqoZksosg dekZf.k ftthfoksPNr lek% A
,oa Rof; ukU;FksrksfLr u deZ fyI;rs ujs AA 2AA
bg yksos dekZf.k fofgrkfu oqoZkso kra lekfja ftthfoksr~
thforqfePNsr~ A kkresok=k thfora foof{kra deZ;ksxQy&
198
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
Hkwre~ A ,oa Rof; ujs deZ u fyI;rs lk; u Hkofr A brks

ekxkZnU;Fkk ukfLr A fudkefofgrdekZpj.kknU;ks ekxksZ ukfLr
deZysikHkkok;sR;FkZ% A
vlq;kZ uke rs yksdk vU/ksu relko`rk% A
rkLrs izsR;kfHkxPNfUr ;s os pkReguks tuk% AA 3AA
vU/ksu relk o`rk% Kkukfizfoy;ukr~ A vlwu~ izk.kku~
jkUR;igjUR;ixrizKku~ oqoZUrhfr izKkifjifUFkuks Hkkok% vlqjk
mP;Urs A rf)rRoknlq;kZ uke rsLe`fijks{kk% yksdk% lUrhfr
ksk% A ;s os pkRegu% izdj.kknkReKkukwU;Rokr~ deZysiRokk
gsrHq ;ka kjhjkf}Kkue;L; i`Fkj.kkHkkoknUrdkys vkReuks gUrkj%
izKkifjP;qr%s LFkkojlkE;ferk bR;FkZ% A rs rku~ iwoks
Z kulq;kksdku~
izsR;kfHkxPNfUr A ewNrL; ;kkks yksdLrkkk ,kka yksdk bfr
foKk;rs A Kku;ksxhfRogSokRekueuqHkofr A deZ;ksfx RofyRokn~
vUrr% izkiksR;e`rRoe~ A vijLRokRegktqxqfIlrxfrHkZorhfr
i;Zolka rkRi;Ze~ A
vustnsoa eulks toh;ks uSusok vkiqoUiwoZekZr~ A
r)korksU;kuR;sfr frkfLekiks ekrfjk n/kkfr AA 4AA
,oa loksZiknkuRokr~ lokZRedfefr osoya fdefi oLrq A vustr~
LoHkkoknpye~ A eulks toh;ks osxokja /keZHkwrKku}kjk A
iwoZekZPNnsusokukiqou~ ikk izkiq% A rfknpyeso /kkorks&
U;kuR;sfr vfryrs A rfLeu~ ekrfjk futf;kkf:iks
bZkksifukn~Hkk;e~
199
ok;qjiksjlUn/kkfr /kkj;fr A ;nysiRokr~ lw{ekfrlw{eRokr~

lokZfrxRokkkU;kfHkoHkwfrfHkjLi`;eklhk=k ekrfjuk fufeksu
jl% lw{eks HkwRok izk.kkRedks f/kz;ek.kks ;ksxa izkisR;FkZ% A
rnstfr rkStfr rwjs r}fUros A
rnUrjL; loZL; rnq loZL;kL; ckr% AA 5AA
rnstfr rkStfr izkxqjhR;k A rwjs lw;Ze.MykUroZrRokr~ A
rnfUros n;kUroZrRokr~ A rnL; loZL;kUruZ osoya e.My&
n;;ks% A rnL; loZL; ckr% A iw.kZfeR;qDra Hkofr A f}#%
ikniwj.k% A
;Lrq lokZf.k HkwrkU;kReU;sokuqi;fr A
loZHkwrskq pkRekua rrks u fotqxqIlrs AA 6AA
;Lrq lokZf.k HkwrkU;kReU;sokuqi;fr A vkRekua p loZHkwrskq A
rrksuqHkokk fotqxqIlrs u dfLef}Lrqfu tqxqIlkoku~ Hkofr A
loZ=kkRenkZukr~ A vL;kuqHkoLrq rsu R;DrsusR;so A
;fLeUlokZf.k HkwrkU;kReSokHkwf}tkur% A
r=k dks eksg% d% kksd ,dRoeuqi;r% AA 7AA
fotkur vkReKkfuuks ;fLeu~ nkkfoksks lokZf.k HkwrkU;kReSokHkwr~
vi`FkXHkkosu nkZukr~ A r=k nkkfoksks ,dRoeuqi;r% iq#kL;
dks eksg% d% kksd% A eksgkksdkS u L;krkfeR;FkZ% A iwo=Z k fodkjkak&
200
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
R;kxsu czkuqHkwfroof{krk A v=k loZL;kfi czRosu nkZua

foof{kre~ A fodkjk.kka fok;Rosu lsoklalkj% A foHkwfrRosuksiklua
rq iw.kkZuqHkwR;izfr}U}hfr A
l i;ZxkPNqedk;eoz.kekfoja kq)eikifo)e~ A
dfoeZuhkhifjHkw% Lo;aHkw;kZFkkrF;rksFkkZu~ O;n/kk&
PNkrhH;% lekH;% AA 8AA
l eq% iq#kksdk;ekjhja voz.keHks|ROkkr~ vLukfojeHkkSfrd&
Rokr~ A kq)eefyue~ A vikifo)a vlRokr~ A kqee`ra T;ksfreZ;a
fnO;a oiq% i;Zxkr~ izki A dfoeZU=knkhZ euhkh eul bZk% ifjHkw%
lokZReHkkosu O;k% Lo;aHkwje`rs fnO;s oiqfk Lo;ekfoHkkZokr~ A l
iq#kksFkkZu~ osfnrO;kuakku~ ;kFkkrF;r% lR;r;k kkrhH;%
lekH;% fpja yksos ftKklwukeFksZ fLFkr;s O;n/kkp;kekl A vfHk&
n/kkfoR;FkZ% A _ksjkRekfUorSo ijks{konskksf% A bZjkf/k&
dkjks;feR;sos A
vU/ka re% izfokfUr ;sfo|keqiklrs A
rrks Hkw; bo rs reks ; m fo|k;k jrk% AA 9AA
;s vfo|ka osoyka fukfeR;FkZ% A lk fo|k osoyk A ;rLrnk u
fdff}tkukfr A rs vU/ka re% izfokfUr KkukwU;Rokr~ A ;s
fo|k;ka osoyk;ka =k;kfnfo|k;ka yksdKkukfRedk;ka pjrk% lk% A
rs rr% iwoks
Z kkel% Hkw; bo re% izfokfUr A fodkjkfoKkusukleqfkra
foKkua dnkfpk czKkus A Hksnsu fodkjxzg% A vHksnsu czkuqHko
bZkksifukn~Hkk;e~
201
bfr ijLijfojks/kkr~ A uSoa foHkwR;qikluksPNsn% A r=k fodkjk.kka

i`FkDRosukxzg.kknfo|Sosfr A m% ikniwj.k% A
vU;nsokgqo|;kU;nkgqjfo|;k A
bfr kqJqe /khjk.kka ;s uLrf}ppf{kjs AA 10AA
fo|;k o{;ek.k;k vU;nso Qyekgq% A vfo|;k o{;ek.k;k
vU;RQyekgq% A ;s uLrr~ izdj.ka foppf{kjs rskka /khjk.kka ldkkkfnfr
ksk% A bfr iwoks
Z izdkjs.k kqJeq JqroUr% Le% A ;|I;fo|kfo|s
fuQys osoys rFkkfi rs izdkjkUrjs.k leqfkrs Qyns bfr Hkko% A
fo|ka pkfo|ka p ;Lr}snksHk; lg A
vfo|;k e`R;qa rhRokZ fo|;ke`rekqrs AA 11AA
fo|ka pkfo|ka pksHk;a rRlg leqP;;su ;ks osn ;qxif}}kufo}k
HkorhR;FkZ% A dL; fo}ku~ dL;kfo}kfufr psr~ bZjL; fo}ku~
ikFkZD;su fodkjk.kkefo}kfufr O;k[;kL;ke% A l pkfo|;k ikFkZD;su
fodkjk.kkeifjKkusu fufeksu e`R;qa izekna rhRokZ fo|;sjkuqHkwR;k
ve`ra kkra czHkkosu fLFkfrekqrs izkiksfr A tx|% i`FkXHkkosu
tkukuqHkofr l bZja y{k.krks tkukfi uSokuqHkofr A vr ,o
osoyka fo|ka U;ks/kr~ A bZjL;kfo}ku~ iziefotkukfi u
lekf/kLFk% A ra rq fufreso i;ke% A vr% osoykefo|ka fufuUn A
vfo|kfo|;ks% izkxqjhR;k leqk;% l lekf/kjso A
202
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vU/ka re% izfokfUr ;slEHkwfreqiklrs A

rrks Hkw; bo rs reks ; m lEHkwR;k jrk% AA 12AA
;s vlEHkwr lEHkwfrizfr}fU}ua foukkeqiklrs osoya fez;Ur bfr
;kor~ A rs vU/ka re% izfokfUr A ;s lEHkwR;ka jrk% tUe izkIrk bfr
;kor~ A rs rrks Hkw; bo re% izfokfUr A osoysH;ks e`rsH;ks tkrk%
osoyk vf/kos refl izfok bfr Hkko% A
vU;nsokgq% lEHkoknU;nkgqjlEHkokr~ A
bfr kqJqe /khjk.kka ;s uLrf}ppf{kjs AA 13AA
lEHkoknU;nso QyekgqoZ{;ek.kkr~ A vlEHkokf}ukkknU;nso
QyekgqoZ{;ek.kkr~ A ;s u% vLeH;a rr~ izdj.ka foppf{kjs A
rskka /khjk.kka ldkkkfnfr ksk% A bfr iwoks
Z izdkjs.k kqJeq JqroUr%
Le% A ;|fi ej.ktUeuh osoys re% izfokgsrw rFkkfi izdkjkUrjs.k
leqfkrs Qyns bfr Hkko% A
lEHkwr p foukka p ;Lr}snksHk; lg A
foukksu e`R;qa rhRokZ lEHkwR;ke`rekrq s AA 14AA
lEHkwr p foukka p rnqHk;a lg leqk;su ;ks osnkuqHkofr ;qxikkrks
e`r HkorhR;FkZ% A vfHkekuR;kxkn=k kjhjs e`r% A rilkH;Urjs
T;ks f rfk rknkRE;kkkr bfr foos d % A l p foukks u
ns g kfHkekuR;kxs u k=k kjhjs ej.ks u e` R ;q a iz e kna rhRokZ A
lEHkw R ;kH;kUrjs T;ks f rfk rknkRE;kfO;s u tUeuke` r a
bZkksifukn~Hkk;e~
203
czHkkoekqrs ikiksfr A
fgj.e;su ik=ks.k lR;L;kfifgra eq[ke~ A
roa iwkkiko`.kq lR;/kekZ; ;s AA 15AA
lR;L; izR;xkReuks eq[ka Hkzwe.Myor fnO;ekUrja p{kqgj.e;su
ik=ks.kk{.kks#ifjHkkxsu ik=kkdkjRoknsk Hkkx% ik=ka fgj.e;fefr
:fir% A vfifgrekPNkfnre~ A vrks o;eUrjU/kk% A iwku~
lw;eZ .MykUroZru~ iq#k Roa rniko`.kq oqoZiko`re~ A dLeS iz;kstuk;
lR;/kekZ; izR;xkRe/kekZ; ;s izrhP;S ; bfr Hkko% A
iwkksdksZ ;e lw;Z izktkiR; O;wg jehu~ lewg A
rstks ;ks :ia dY;k.krea rks
i;kfe ;kslkolkS iq#k% lksgefLe AA 16AA
iwku~ ikskd ,dksZ loZeU=kk.kka % A ;e fu;ked izktkiR;
iztkirsj[k.MkReuks fgj.;xHkkZReuk e.Mys izknqHkwrZ lw;&Z Hkxou~]
O;wg lkkg; jehu~ fdj.kku~ A lewg ,dhoq# A ee izk.kkuka
losZ kka ltkrh;kukeuqxgz k;sfr Hkko% A je;ks fg izk.kk v/;kRee~ A
rstLrstkse;a ;ks dY;k.krea :ia rks i;kfe A ;kslkS vlkS
iq#k% lksgefLe A lk{kkRdkjknUrjfeneqP;rs A
ok;qjfuyee`reFksna HkLekUr kjhje~ A
rks Lej r Lej rks Lej r Lej AA 17AA
204
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ok;qjfuya fuy;ujfgree`ra oLrq A ljfgr bfr ;kor~ A vFksna

kjhja HkLekUra ujfeR;FkZ% A ekrfju ,oSkk LrqfrHkZofr A
iz.ko:irks loZf;kdkfju~ ok;ks Lej ekfefr ksk% A ra e;k
ra iq.;a Lej A okD;L; f}oZpua izkFkZuk;keknjkfrk;kFkZe~ A
vxs u; lqiFkk jk;s vLeku~
fokfu nso o;qukfu fo}ku~ A
;q;ks/;Lekqgjq k.kesuks Hkwf;ka
rs ue m fo/kse AA 18AA
|qLFkkueUrfj{kLFkkua p nSors izkFkrs A vFk i`fFkohLFkkua izkFkZ;rs A
vxs nso vLeku~ jk;s lEins fokfu lokZf.k o;qukfu LFkkukfu
fo}ku~ Roa lqiFkk kksHkusu ekxsZ.k u; A vLeu~ ekks tqgqjk.ka
ykkdjesuks ;q;ksf/k i`FkDoq# A rs rqH;a Hkwf;ka ue m fo/kse A
;nhkks i E; lw ; Z o k;q o S kujk.kka Lrq R ;ks i la g jfr A rr~
Kki;R;qifukr~ bZkfLr ,rk nsork foHkwr; bfr foHkwr; bfr A
v=kk;a yksdks Hkofr A
lafgrkUrkuqokdks;a xksI;ks oktlusf;uke~ A
Hkk;s.k y/kqukusu nhisuos izdkfkr% AA
AA bfr JhHkxoUegkje.kkUrsokfluks okflL; ujlglwuks&
xZ.kirs% frokZtlusf;lafgrksifukn~Hkk;a leke~ AA
minsklkjHkk;e~
205
AA Jh%AA
AA minsklkjHkk;e~AA
vFk je.kL; Hkxorks egksZ#insklkja O;[;kL;ke% A

rL;k;ekfne% yksdks Hkofr AA
drqZjkK;k izkI;rs Qye~ A
deZ d ija deZ rkMe~ AA 1AA
ehekaldkfHkera QyiznRos deZ.k% izk/kkU;a [k.Mf;rqe;ekjEHk% A
Qya drqjZ hjL; vkK;k izkI;rs A deZ ija fde~ A usR;FkZ% A rRdeZ
tMa Hkofr A deZ.k% ijRokHkkok; tMRoe=k gsrqRosuksiU;Lre~ A
deZ ;LekkMa rlekk ijfefr ;kor~ A
uuq] u o;a deZ.k% ijRoeqf; foonke% A QyiznRos deZ.k%
izk/kkU;feR;sokLekoa okn% A ekLrq ija deZ A rFkkfi LotU;kiwo}Z kjk
Qyizna Hkosr~ A ,oa fg izek.kHkwrkfu oSfndokD;kfu lPNsjfkfr
psr~ A
u A T;ksfrkseknhuka LoxZlk/kdRokfncks/k;rka okD;kuka ijesjL;
kqHkkkqHkQyiznRos deZlkis{kRoksDrsjfi leUosraq kD;Rokr~ A vfi
206
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
p kqHkkkqHkQyiznRoa p losZkka txfk;kedRokkkfrfjP;rs A

rkxfk;keoa rnso ija L;kr~ A vr ,o deZokfnuks nSokCnsu
rkU;kiwo onfUr A egk deZ d ijfeR;=k rniwoZesoksfkfr]
O;ogkjskq dekZiow ;Z ksjfoHkRokr~ A rLekk o;a deZ ija onke bfr
iwoZif{k.kk oDrqekD;e~ A v;a Hkko% A ehekalddfYireiwo
tMRokk ije~ A u p kqHkkkqHkkfu Qykfu LorU=kr;k nkrqehs A
xkSjoa p Hkofr rL; dYiu bZjL;So lkis{kL; deZQynkr`Ros
izek.kokD;kukeck/kkr~ A
fregksn/kkS irudkj.ke~ A
Qyekkra xfrfujks/kde~ AA 2AA
Qya deZQya vkkra lr~] Hkksxus ko{kh.keuqk;ek=kkskfefr ;kor~ A
fregksn/kkS deZegkleq s irudkj.ka Hkorhfr ksk% A ;fn Qya
kkra L;kr~ rg iqujko`fkuZ L;kr~ A QyL;kkkrRoknso
kskkuqk;okkRiqujko`fklEHko bfr Hkko% A vr ,o xfrfujks/kde~ A
xrs% iqujko`fkjfgrk;k% ij/kkexrsujks/koa izfrcU/koa Hkorhfr
ksk% A v=kkkkra Qyeso irudkj.keqDra Hkxork] u deZ]
rLekRldkedeSZo nwk;fr HkxokfuR;oxUrO;e~ A
bZjkira usPN;k re~ A
fpkkks/koa eqflk/kde~ AA 3AA
bZjkira bZjk; fok/;{kk; vira RoesokL; deZ.k% Qya ;Fksa
txr% dk;sZ fofu{osfr leire~ A usPN;k vfuPN;k] uks u
minsklkjHkk;e~
207
yksikHkkoks uSdkfnor~ A ra deZ fpkkks/koa fpkL; eul% kks/koa

kqf)dkfj A eqflk/koa eqDrs% lalkjcU/kkf}eks{kL; lk/koa p
Hkofr A eufl kq)s fg eks{k% lqyHk% A
dk;okeu% dk;Zeqkee~ A
iwtua tifUrua ekr~ AA 4AA
rnso deZ foHktrs A dk;okeu% dk; iwtua tifUrua p]
dk;dk; iwtua okk; ti% eu% dk; fpUrua psfr eknUo;ks
cks/;% A rfnna =k;a eknqkee~ A iwtua izFkea deZ A rr mkea
tik[;a deZ A rr mkea /;kufefr ;kor~ A v=k Lrks=kL; tis
lxzgks Ks;% A
txr bZk/kh;qlsoue~ A
vewrHkòs iwtue~ AA 5AA
iwoZ yksos iwtukCnsu lkekU;rks foxzgkjk/kuefHkfgre~ A rL;kojRosu
dhrZuknsrnoxE;rs A v/kquk iwtkizlsu loZdeksZRa fofka
iwtuesdefHkn/kkfr A txr% iziL; bZ k/kh;qlsoua bZj ,osna
txfnfr f/k;k ;qDra lsoue~ A lo [kfYona cz rkykfufr kkUr
miklhrs A kkf.MY;fo|kseqiklufefr ;kor~ A vewrHkòs iwtua
Hkofr A iegkHkwrkfu lw;kZpUelkS thosjL;kkS ewrfokskk
mP;Urs A rkfHk ewrfHk% lo txnkkUrfefr gsrksoL;sj&
f/k;ksiklueewR;qiZ klua Hkorhfr Hkko% A bna rq iw.k iwtue~ A ukL;
iwoZ yksdksiwtus lxzg% A rL; lokZojRoknL; loksZ keRokr~ A
208
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
/;ku ,okL; lxzgks Hkofr A f/k; ,oSd:ik;k v=k izk/kkU;kr~ A

lkekU;r% iwtua rq fkoewroU;reL;k% i`fFkO;k% LoYiSdnskL;
Hkofr A dk;fuik|a p Hkofr A bna rq lokZlka ewruka lkdY;su
cqf)fuik|feR;u;ksjfLr Hkw;kfUoksk% A
mkeLroknqkeUnr% A
fpkta ti/;kueqkee~ AA 6AA
mkeLrokRlR;k}SfndkkkkknkkkZ}kU;Lekr~ A mkeUnr%
mkkUeUnknqikakks izdj.kkkikfnfr ksk% A fpkta ekufloa ti&
/;kua ti ,o /;kufeR;=k lekl% A u tiks /;kua p r;ks% lekgkj
bfr A /;kuL; ekufldtiknO;frjsdkr~ A mkea Hkofr A
Lrks=kokpdksikakqtisH;ks /;kua Jsfefr Hkko% A vk|sofi f=kkq ;Fkkskja
JSewge~ A
vkT;/kkj;k ksrlk lee~ A
ljyfpUrua fojyr% ije~ AA 7AA
vkT;/kkj;k ?k`r/kkj;k ksrlk unhizokgsu p lee~] ljyfpUrua
ljya fuR;a lgta fu;ZfkUrua /;kua fojyr% e/;s e/;s fofPNkkr~
ija Jse~ A mkes /;kusfi lPNsnknfoPNsna kL;r bfr ;kor~ A
/;kus Hkf:isglEcU/ka lwpf;rqekT;/kkjkSiE;e~ A uSeYZ ;a lwpf;rqa
izokgkSiE;e~ A
minsklkjHkk;e~
209
HksnHkkoukRlksgfeR;lkS A
HkkoukfHknk ikouh erk AA 8AA
Hkw;ks /;kus fokskkUrjekg HksnHkkoukr~ /;kus /;krq% LoLeknhja
fHkka dYif;Rok ;n~Hkkoua f;rs rLekr~ lksgfeR;lkS bZj
,okgfeR;kdkjdk vfHknk Hksnjfgrk Hkkouk ikouh ifo=kk erk A
Hksnsu /;kuknHksnsu /;kueqkefefr Hkko% A
HkkokwU;ln~HkkolqfLFkfr% A
Hkkoukcykn~Hkf#kek AA 9AA
Hkkoukcykr~ vHksnHkkoukcykfnR;so lkeF;kZr~ A HkkokwU;ln~Hkko&
lqfLFkfr% HkkokwU;k lYikwU;k ln~Hkkosu lk;k lqfLFkfruk
mkek HkfHkZofr A fHkkHkkouk;ka ;k Hkf% lk Roojsfr ifjkskU;k;kr~
fl/;fr AA
RLFkys eu% LoLFkrk f;k A
Hkf;ksxcks/kk fufre~ AA 10AA
RLFkys vkReu% LFkkus eu%LoLFkrk eul% LoLFkkufLFkrrk A
f;k deZ Hkofr A Hkf;ksxcks/kk Hkf;ksZxks cks/k Hkofr A
fufre~] u dfRlak; bR;FkZ% A eul% LotfuLFkkus n;sorh;Z
fuSo deZ i;Zolka loZdeZekSfyHkwre~ A lSo Hkf% i;Zolkk
loZHkfekSfyHkwrk A lSo ;ksx% i;Zolk% loZ;ksxekSfyHkwr% A lSo
Kkua i;Zolkfefr ;kor~ A
210
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ok;qjks/kukh;rs eu% A
tkyif{koks/klk/kue~ AA 11AA
ok;qjks/kukr~ ok;ks% izk.kL; jks/kukr~ izfrEHkukfk;euk}k eu%
tkyif{kor~ yh;rs vkRefu fuya #)a Hkofr A bna jks/klk/kue~ A
iwooZ kD;kFkZL; dr`RZ okfnnfefr rL;k{ksi% A gBsu oqEHkdL; lk/kua
izfrEHkua izk.kL; Hkofr A lrra ;krk;krizR;os{k.kkfk;eua Hkofr A
rL;kfi oqEHkdlaKk jkt;ksfxuka ersukfo#)k A mkjSo egksZfjk
izf;k ;n;ekg xhrklq je.kxhrklq ^îzk.kjks/k eulk izk.kL;
izR;os{k.ke~ A oqEHkoa fl/;fr soa lrrizR;os{k.kkr~** bfr A
fpkok;offR;k;qrk% A
kk[k;ks};Z h kfewydk AA 12AA
fpfR;k;qrk% es.k fprk f;;k p ;qrk% fpkok;o% fpkkfu eukafl
ok;o% izk.k fp|qrkfu fpkkfu f;k;qrk% izk.kksfr ;kor~ A
kfDrewydk kfjhjkfDrewy
Z a ;L;kLrkkh kk[k;ks};Z h Hkofr A
vkfnkDrsKkZukfDrkk[kk fpkkfu A f;kkfDrkk[kk izk.kk bfr
rkRi;Ze~ A tucgqRokis{k;k fpkizk.k;kscZgqopusu funsZk% A v;a
Hkko% A ;rks euks ok;q kk[kk};ehjkDrs%] rLekknqHk;a p
rnf/kxek; ekxhZHkforqegZfr A
y;foukkus mHk;jks/kus A
y;xra iquHkZofr uks e`re~ AA 13AA
minsklkjHkk;e~
211
y;ks foukkua p y;foukkus] mHk;jks/kus mHk;fo/kjks/kus Hkor% A

e/;einyksilekl% A y;xra eu bR;/;kgkj% A iquHkZofr tk;rs
A e`ra foua uks u tk;rs A o`fkek=kksilagkjks y;% A r}rks ;ksfxu
mRFkkua lekf/k i;kZ;.s k Hkor% A o`fkewykgkjksilagkjks foukkue~ A
r}rks Kkfuuks fuR;% lekf/kHkZOfr A
izk.kcU/kukhuekule~ A
,dfpUrukkkkesR;n% AA 14AA
ok;qjks/kukfnfr yksdkskRizk.kcU/kukr~ izk.kizfrEHkukr~ izk.k&
fu;euk}k yhuekula yhua eu% vn% ,dfpUruknkReSD;kuq&
lU/kkukkkkesfr A izk.kjks/kks eulks y;gsrqjso Hkofr u foukku&
gsrq% A yhus euL;SD;kuqlU/kkua euksukkuk;sR;FkZ%A
uekulksR;ksfxu% A
R;efLr d LofLFkr ;r% AA 15AA
LofLFkfrekRefuke~] ;r% izkL; uekulksR;ksfxu% R;a
fdefLr A us eufl u fdfRdrZO;a fk;r bfr Hkko% A
;okfjra fpkekReu% A
fponkZua ronkZue~ AA 16AA
;okfjra ;sH;ks okfjra ijko`keUreqZ[kfefr ;kor~ A fpka
vkReufonkZua Hkofr A O;frjsdrks fok;sH;% ijko`keso
212
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
fpkeUo;r vkRefponkZ u a HkorhR;{kjkFkZ % A fpkL;

ofgeqZ[kRokHkkos fukHkkos pkUreqZ[ka rnkRefponkZu:ieso
i;ZoL;sr~ A vFkkg ;nkReufonkZua rnso ronkZue~ A
ekula rq d ekxZ.ks rs A
uSo ekula ekxZ vktZokr~ AA 17AA
ekula rq d d Lo:i bfr ekxZ.ks fopkj.ks rs ekula uSo u
ifjfk;r bfr Hkko% A fopkjf;rk Lo;eso fg ekulL; Lo:ie~ A
LojfefokskRokUekulL; A fopkj.kle;s l p jfejkReU;qilarks
Hkorhfr rnk uSo ekulfeR;qifnkfr Hkxoku~ A v;esoktZokUekxZ% A
o`k;LRoga o`fkekfJrk% A
o`k;ks euks fo)ga eu% AA 18AA
o`k;Lrq vga o`k vgfeR;kdkjoa lYia vkfJrk rUewydk%
rRizfrdk bR;FkZ% A o`k; ,o eu% lal`rkS fotÈHk.kdkys A
rLekUeuksga fof) A ;Lekngao`fkekfJrk% lokZ o`k;LrLekkwia
euLrRizfrHkwrkgao`fk:ia i;ZoL;rhfr rkRi;Ze~ A
vge;a oqrks Hkofr fpUor% A
vf; irR;ga futfopkj.ke~ AA 19AA
v;ega vgkj% vgao`fk:i% oqrks Hkofr bfr fpUor% ekxZ;r%
fopkj;r%] vga lks gkj%] irfr ukkes f r A bnes o
minsklkjHkk;e~
213
futfopkj.kekRefopkj.ke~ A v;hfr fk;lEcks/kue~ A v=kkfi

okD;kFkZL; dr`ZRokfnnfeR;kf{kI;rs A
vgfe ukkHkkT;gegar;k A
Liqjfr RLo;a ijeiw.kZlr~ AA 20AA
vgfe euksewyo`fk:is ukkHkkft lfr ijeiw.kZlr~ ijee[k.Ma
lk r~ Lo:ia L;;a vgegar;k vgegfefr f/k;k Liqjfr Hkklrs A
uUogfe ukka izks oqr% iqujU;L;kge% lEHko A mP;rs A vgUrk
O;fRokkkfrfjP;rs A rUeuksxrekRexra p f}fo/ka Hkofr A
euksxrsgaHkkos ukReU;gaHkko% A rnqije vkReuks O;fRoa Hkklsr A
rLeknqesdfLekgfe ukka xrsU;ngar;k Liqjrhfr A
bnegainkfHk[;eUoge~ A
vgfe yhuosI;y;lk;k AA 21AA
bna r~ vgainkfHk[;a vga inefHk[;k ;L;sfr A vgfefr ina
eufl xkS.kekRefu eq[;fefr Hkko% A gsrqekg A vUoga vgfe
yhuosfi eukse;kgkjs usfi vy;lk;k vuln~Hkkosu A
v;a Hkko% A ;ksgainkFkZ% l vkResfr ikejksI;hoq;kZr~ A vgkjs
kkUrs ukRek kkUrks ;rs A LiqjR;sokgfefr A euLrq kkUra Hkofr A
,oeUo;O;frjsdkH;kegaina eufl xkS.kekRefu eq[;fefr fl)e~ A
dFka xkS.ka dFka eq[;e~ A eulksgkjlEcU/kkk=k xkS.ke~ A
vkReU;gUrk;k% lkk:is.k fuR;a Hkkukk=k eq[;e~ A
214
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
foxzgsfU;izk.k/khre% A
ukgesdlkkMa lr~ AA 22AA
,dlr~ ,dlwi% vga foxzgfs U;izk.k/khreks u] nsgfs U;izk.kcqf)&
:ia frfeja u A dkj.kekg A fg ;LekRdkj.kkr~ rf}xzgkfn tMa
vlk A ;kMa rRdFkekRek A ;kkfLr rRdFkekRekA
loHkkfldk fpRDo osrjk A
lk;k fg fpfkk;k ge~ AA 23AA
l}Lrq osu Hkklr bR;kk ifjgjfr A loHkkfldk brjk fpr~
Do ok A usR;FkZ% A lkka Hkklf;rqeU;L;kfrks ukolj bfr ;kor~
A dkj.kekg A fg ;Lekr~ lk;k fpn~ H kofr ;Rlkns o
LoHkkorfUe;e~ bR;FkZ% A fg ;Lekk dkj.kkr~ vga fpk;k HkokfeA
;k fpRlSo LoHkkorksgainkFkZ bR;FkZ% A lkkfpkkgUrkuka f=koa
LoHkkor% lekukf/kdj.kfefr ;kor~ A fpfelUcU/kkUeuL;gUrk
xkS.khfr izkxsokosfnre~ A
bZktho;ksoZs k/khfHknk A
lRLoHkkorks oLrq osoye~ AA 24AA
bZktho;ks% osk/khfHknk Hkofr A oskrks Hksnk.Mfi.Mksikf/kr% A
/khrks Hksn% loZKRokYiKRokH;ke~ A ,oefi oLrq osoyesdeso A
oqr% A lRLoHkkor% lkk:i/kekZUo;kr~ A v=k dky=k;sfi lnso
lPNCnsuksP;rs A vU;Fkk ;kuka p foujk.kka Hkkudkfydlkke~
minsklkjHkk;e~
215
vkfJR; lRLoHkkoizlf% L;kr~ A

oskgkur% LokRenkZue~ A
bZknkZua LokRe:ir% AA 25AA
oskgkur% fi.Mksikf/klEcU/kHkkoukukkukr~ LokRenkZua Hkofr A
vijks{k vkRekuqHko% L;kfnR;FkZ% A vLrq LokRenkZua dFkehknkZua
L;kfnfr psn=kkg A LokRe:ir% bZk ,o LokReuks :ifefr
gsrksLrnsosknkZue~ A kq)LokRenkZuknhknkZua ukijeLrhfr
rkRi;Ze~ A oskghuL;kReuksifjfPNkRokk rnuqHko% ifjfPNk%]
vfi rq iw.kZ ,osfr A
vkRelafLFkfr% LokRenkZue~ A
vkRefu}Z;knkRefurk AA 26AA
nkZufefr iwoZyksdksinsu Hkw;fiqVhlEHkoekk ifjgjfr A
vkRelafLFkfrjkRefuSokRenkZue~ A u r=k f=kiqVk volj% A lk
pkRefurk vkRefu}Z;kn~Hkofr A vkRefurk;ka }SrlEidksZ
yskrksfi u orrO;% A ;fn }Sra Hkklsr r=k rUe;fuk dFka
L;kfnfr rkRi;Ze~ A
KkuotrkKkughufpr~ A
KkuefLr d KkrqeUrje~ AA 27AA
Kkuotrk vKkughuk p fpr~ Kkua Hkofr A uuq Kkus KkuotrRoa
216
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
dFkfefr psRdkj.kekg A Kkrqa ;r~ fdfnU;}sfnrqa vUrja Hksn%

vfLr fde~ A ukLrhfr Hkko% A r=k fLFkrkS HksnkHkkokknkfJryksd&
izfl)KkukHkko% A ,oefi lk fLFkfrKkZue;so iw.kkZuqHkwfr:i&
Rokr~ A
d Lo:ifeR;kRenkZus A
vO;;kHkokiw.kZfpRlq[ke~ AA 28AA
d Lo:ia d es :ifefr fopkj.kfo/k;k vkRenkZus lfr]
vkRefuk;ka fl)k;ka] vO;;a ukkjfgra vHkoef=kea lgtfefr
;kor~ A vkiw.kZekleUrkRiw.k fpRlq[ka lEi|r bfr ksk% A
,rnuqHkwfro.kZua Hkofr iquekZxZiznkZuiwoZde~ A
cU/keqDR;rhra ija lq[ke~ A
foUnrhg thoLrq nSfod% AA 29AA
nSfod% nsgkReHkkojfgr vkRefu% rL;keoLFkk;keso fg vkReuks
fnO;Roa ifjLiqjsr~ A thoLrq cU/keqDR;rhra cU/keqfDrH;kerhra
ija lq[kekuUna foUnfr izkiksfr A cU/kLiwrlkis{kk eqfLiwr% A
rLeknKkfuuka O;ogkj ,o lkoLFk eqffjR;fHk/kh;rs A vuqHkfouks
cU/kLiwrjfgrL; eqfLiwrjfi ukLrhfr rL; lkoLFkk cU/k&
eqDR;rhrSo oO;k A
vgeisroa futfoHkkude~ A
egfnna riks je.kokfx;e~ AA 30AA
minsklkjHkk;e~
217
vgeisroa vgek euksey

w kgkjs.k vukRexr;kgaoR` ;sfr ;kor~ A
visroa fo;qra futfoHkkuoa Lo:ifoHkkua bna egki% A vkReuks&
I;gegar;k Liqj.kkngeisrdfeR;=k xkS.kL;kgaHkkoL; fujklks
cks/;% A losZH;LrisH;ks fuR;ekReLiqj.ka egki bfr rkRi;Ze~ A
b;a je.koko~ je.kL; egksZokZo~ b;feR;usu loZL;kfi xzUFkL;
xzg.ke~ A uSrPNksdek=kL; A l ,k minsklkjkrk yksdkuka
fuc)ks Hkxorks je.kL; egksZot;rsrjka fot;rsrjke~ A
bfr JhHkxoUegkje.kkUrsokfluks okflL;

ujlglwuksxZ.kirs% fr% minsklkjHkk;a leke~ A
foHkokCns T;sekls ikS.kZE;ka Hkkuqokljs A
pUksijkxle;s Hkk;esrnqnhfjre~ AA
218
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
izFke% iVy%
eU=kks)kj%
osnkfnikdneukskjdPNiskS&
;qZDrS/kZjk/kjlqkqejsjS A
lw{eke`rk;qxe`rus lg iz.kR;k
lEikkCniVyL; jgL;eFkZe~ AA je.kxhrk & 18] 10AA
osnkfn% iz.ko% A ikdneukfnUchtkdkjknqkjks odkj% ikdneukskj
mP;rs A dPNisk% owesZ kuked#L; chta pdkj% A rS% ^^ op**
bR;srjS {kjS% A /kjk/kj% ioZrcht% ndkj% A lqkqfukukedkDrschZta
Hkdkj% A vejsj% vejsjuked#L; chteqdkj% A rS;DZq rS% ^^n~Hkq**
bR;srus k{kjs.ksfr ;kor~ A lw{eke`rkukedkDrschZtesdkj% A r|qo~
r|qDra ve`ra rks;chta rsu ^ôs** bR;{kjs.k A iz.kR;k ^ûe%** bfr
iosu p lg fefyRok A lEikkCniVyL; ^^ opn~Hkqos ue%**
bfr eU=kL; jgL;a roosk`fHkjso Kkrqa kD;e~ A vFk okP;Hkwre~A
je.ka HkxoUree`rukFk;rhU% iòkfuR;qkjs.kkUo;% A ,oa p Hkxorks
xqjkseUZ =k% ^ opn~Hkqos ue%* bfr i;ZoL;fr A uUo;a kkjnkfrydkfnkq
rU=kskq LdUneU=kRosu izfl) bfr psr~] vr ,o o;a cwzeks Hkxorks
xqjksjs k eU=k bfr A je.kks fg HkxokUxq#HkZxor% luRoqekjkiji;kZ;L;
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
219
LdUnL; dkj.kxqjksLrstksa kkorkj% A

eU=kkjhje~
lks;a egkeU=kks ewyr% kM{kjks ôpn~Hkqos ue%* bfr A lkekU;%
loZeU=kk.kkeknkS oSfkkfU=koS% iz;qT;ekusu iz.kosu lg lk{kjks
Hkofr A ;Fkk ûe% fkok;* bfr ik{kj% iz.kosu lg kM{kj
,oe=kkfi AA
loZL;k nsork;k% pRokfj :ikf.k HkofUr A ,dek/;kfRede~ A
vU;nkf/kHkkSfrde~ A brjnkf/knSfode~ A ija eU=kkRedfefr A mkj=kk;a
fuxeks Hkofr & ^ôkpekinhega uofe`rLi`ke~ A bUkRifjrUoa
ees A** _Xosn% & 8%65%12 A vu;k _pk _fkfjUL; eU=k:ika
ruqega l`tkehR;kg A
rkfU=kdkkgq% & ^^nsfkos ekuoHkzkUr izfreklq fkykefre~ A
eU=kso{kjcq) p oqokZ.kks fuj;a oztsr~ A** bfr A lqizfl)L;
rRlforqfjR;L; eU=kL; xk;=kh nsorsfr tuoknk=k fye~ A xk;=kh
p eU=k ,o Hkofr u dkpu h NUnksukeRokkL; inL; A d
Qfyre~ A Hkxorks xqgL; eU=kkReoa kjhja kM{kjfefr i;Zolke~ A
vfLeUeU=kkRedkjhji{ks kM{kjk.;so k.eq[kkfu Hkxor% A ;Fkk
ik{kjk.;so ieq[kkfu ijefkoL; A ,oa eU=ke;h nsorsfr onUrks
ehekaldk% lPNUrs A
220
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
lkekU;rks eU=kkFkZ%
czLo:ik; A dkjL;kO;;RokRlokZfHkoHkffHkjUo;%
fl)fr A dkjL; czokpdRoeqifukRlq izfl)e~ A opn~Hkqos
opr% okD;kfu l`tr% okfxfU;:iknxsfjR;FkZ%Hkorhfr
opn~HkwLrLeS ue% A LdUnL;kfxHkwRoa izfl)e~ A
dFka czLo:iks nsorkRek
m% lkekU;rks eU=kkFkZ% A vFk rf}kskk fopk;ZUrs A LdUn
dfsorkRek A l dFka czLo:iks Hkofr A cz p loZnsokrhra
ija oLrq A uuq cz.k% lokZRedRokr~ LdUnL; czLo:iRoe~
vfo#)fefr psr]~ fl)% kCnkFkZ% A miklus nkskLrq Hkofr A fus
mRHkkouksiklus Jsk A uksRs fuHkkouk A vr ,okg
cknjk;.k% & ^^czf#RdkkZr*~ * bfr A czLo:iks xqgks ;|qikL;%
czf.k O;kios O;kI;xqgf% izlT;sr A opn~Hkqos xqgLo:ik;
cz.ks ue bR;FksZ nksk ,k fuok;srZ A eU=kLrq xqgL; u L;kr~ cz.k
,o Hkosr~ A rk izfrKkrfo#)e~ A ,oeqHk;Fkkfi lak;s izks cwez % A
vLrq czLo:ik; xqgk;sR;sokFkZ% A czLo:ia ;L; l czLo:i% A
vidkksRZ dkZHkko xq.kkis{kh A fuxq.Z ks czf.k DoksRdkksZ idkksZ ok A
;Fkk xq.kkis{;sk HkkoLrFkk Hksnkis{kh p Hkofr A iw.kZL; cz.k%
dLeknqRRoe~ A ;fn l ,okRek lo l dLeknqR% L;kr~ A
rL; pksRdkksZ foHkwfr}kjk yksos uqHkw;rs] vidkZLRoYiKtho}kjk A
rLek|FkksReqikf/krks cz rFkkiefi A izrs mikL;ks xqg%
mikldks tho% A mikf/kfojgs rwHkkofi czLo:ikS A rLeknfHkkkS
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
221
A ,oeHksns d xqgs LokRekua Hkkof;Roksiklhr mrkgks LokRefu

xqgfefr lak;s mRdkkZnkRefu xqgfxZjh;lhfr U;k;ks yxfr A
czf& #RdkkZfnfr lw=keI;qikluizdj.kLFkRokRlxq.kije~ A
rLekkkfLr dff}jks/k%A
fl)s eU=ks czLo:iks xqg mikL; bfr A czLo:iRoa p xqgL;
cz.kks fokReRokr~ fl)sr~ A v=kk;eij% lak;% A ;nqP;rs
xqgL;kf/knSfooa Lo:ia Hkkukeuqxzkgoa dkyskq rstksaksukfokr~
rngkZuigrikIeuks thoku~ A rr~ d lxq.kL; cz.kks :ie~ A
mrkgks dL;fpfRl)iq#kL; nso;ksu%s \ dksu;ksoksk% \ iwoZ bZjks
folefkjhjkfHkekuh Hkkuqxgz k; ek;;k /k`rfnO;kjhj% A mkjks
thodksfVoU;reks O;fHkwrks /kekZfrk;kRizkfnO;kjhj% A vLRohj
,o LdUn bfr psnusosjkifk% brjklka p nsorkuka ekgkHkkX;s
LdUnknfokskkr~ A vLrq thosoU;re bfr psr~ fu% izlT;sr A
v=kksP;rsA bZj% ,o LdUn% u thodksfVoU;re% A u rsukusos jkifk%
yksddk;kZFk lxq.ka cz ek;;k ;koksoa :ikf.k fcHkzk.kks foa
pky;frA lkekU;r% fl)iq#kk.kkefi ek;;k cgq:i/kkj.klkeF;Ze~
vfLr ps n hjL; fdeq oO;e~ \ rs ohkL; ek;k:is kq
yksddk;kZFksZkq LdUnL;kf/knSfooa :ieU;rer~A rkkkuhkL;
ek;k:ikf/kdkfjdk.;qP;Urs A ukjk;.k ,d ,osjL;kf/knSfooa
:ifefr oS.kok% A ijefko ,d ,osfr kSok% A x.kifrjsd ,osfr
xk.kirk% A lforSd ,osfr lkSjk% A bU ,d ,osfr ekgsUk% A ;
,d ,osfr ozSLrok% A ^^rehegs iq#qra ;a izkfHk:frfHk%**
bR;kfnoSfndiz;ksxnkZukfnUL;So ukekUrja ; bfr izfrHkkfrA
vkkn ,d ,osfr egEenh;k%A pUe.MykUrjiq#kL;Sokkn
222
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
bfr ukekUrja L;kRizk;%A lqcz.; bfr LdkUnk%A ,oa fofo/k&

erLFkkuka dygs d lR;fefr ppkZ;ka ukxekukesdd.Beqkja
yH;srA r=kkLenqjhR;So lkejL;su leUo;% dk;Z% A
v=kk;a fuxeks Hkofr
^^bUa fe=ka o#.kefxekgqjFkks fnO;% l lqi.kksZ x#Reku~ A
,oa lf}izk cgq/kk onUR;x ;ea ekrfjkuekgq% AA**
,dL;sjL; cgqukefodYik bR;sd% i{kksL; eU=kL;kFkZfopkjs A
ek;k:iHksnokkkkeHksndYifeR;ij% i{k% A mkj% i{k ,o
T;k;ku~ A rFkk fg izek.kkUrjlkejL;a L;kr~ A r=k p fr ,o
nsork bfr uS#i{kks T;k;ku~ A
LdUnL; tuf;rkfx% d%
fl)a lxq.kL; cz.kks ek;k:isoU;reqgL;kf/knSfooa :ie~
bfr A vFk eU=ks opn~HkwfjR;usu ;ksfx% LdUnL; firks% l d
bR;=k fopk;Zrs A
i rstkafl yksos A lkSja pkUela oS|rq a ikFkoa kkCna psfr A kCn
rstkse;a O;eso u xq.k% A pyuf;kookkknxq.kookk A xq.kL;
fg f;kxq.kkS u Hkor% A kCnxzkgd;U=ks izfrkr kCnks
O;eoxE;rs A kCnL; nwjiszkos ;U=ks izFkea rstks ;rs A vuUrja
rnso kCnks Hkofr A bna p kCnL; rstkse;O;Ros fye~ A v=k
fuxek cgoks HkofUr A mnkgj.kkFk }kS eU=kkS izn;sZrs A ^^bek
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
223
vfHkiz.kks uqeks foikexsz kq /khr;% A vx%s kksfpuZ fn|qr% AA** _Xosn%]

8%6%7 v=k /khr;ksxs% kksfpfjo fn|qr bR;qP;rs fn|qrks uke
T;ksfreR;%A /khr;ks ok.;% A ^^ra Rok e#Rorh ifjHkqo}k.kh
l;kojh A u{kek.kk lg |qfHk% AA** _Xosn%] 7%31%8 v=k ok.kh
|qfHkuZ{kek.ksR;qP;rs A |oLrstkafl A u{kek.kk uke;qk A
bna p kkCna rstks O;kioa kCnczkiji;kZ;a ijefkoL;kf/kHkkSfroa
Lo:ie~ A rL; # bfr oSfnoa uke Hkofr A jkSfr bfr # bfr
;kLdL; fuoZpue~ A ,rnso #k[;a kkCna rstks eU=ks opfnR;usu
dF;rs A vk/;kfRedL; okfxfU;L; kCnczfoHkwfrRokk
okfxfU;kCncz.kksHksnZ % A oqekjL;kfxHkwRoesr;k fo/k;k A r=kkfx%
kkCn ,o u ikFko% A eU=ks Lia roiznkZuk;kfxHkqo bR;ufHk/kk;
opn~Hkqo bR;qe~ A vfxkCn% ikFkos fokskr% iz;qT;ekuksfi
rst%lkekU;okpd% A rsukfHk/kkus lkekU;L; LiwrHkZofr A :f<r%
ikFkoL; ok fokskLiwrZ;s opn~Hkqo bfr opue~ A
ueLdkjkFkZ%
vFk tis ueLdkjL; rkRi;ZePq ;rs A r=kk;a lak;% A d eU=kL;ko`fk&
le;s xqgL;kf/knSfooa :ia fdefi Hkkof;Rok rLeS Losu f;ek.kks
ueLdkj Hkkouh;%] mrkgks RoeqR % vgei bfr cqf)jso
ueLdkjL;kFkZ% \ mHk;a pk;qe~ A mHk;=kkfi izfreU=kkorZua
Hksncqf)jsokJ;.kh;k Hkofr A vu`reYifoHkoa fdefi :ia p
nsork;k% dYiuh;a L;kr~ A futLo:ia pky{;a L;kr~ A vU;ksLR;FkZ&
Lr`rh;% A ueLdkjk;a u LFkwykjhjL;] vfi rq lw{ekjhjL; A
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
224
lw{ea p kjhja eu%] rL; p khk LFkkue~ A rnqDra Hkxork xq#.kk&

^^dhR;Zrs n;a fi.Ms ;Fkk.Ms Hkkuqe.Mye~ A
eu% lgkjxra fcEca pkUela ;Fkk AA** je.kxhrk] 5%30
rk eu% n;LFkekReLo:ieUosaq vFkok n;LFks futLo:iHkwrs
T;ksfrfk efkrqa ok ;kefr l ,o ueLdkj% A mHk;=kkfi vkReLo:is
LdUnffjfr fok;ks u foLerZ O ;% A ,oa p eU=kti%
lR;Lo:iy{;% L;kr~ A HksnHkkousu p u L;kwfkr% A bna
pksiklu};e~ ^^fn fok eulk Loa fpUork ekrk ok** je.kxhrk]
2%2 bfr yksdiknsu HkxokUegk#ikfnkr~ A
,oa pkReu% Lo:iHkwrs LdUnkorkjs Hkxofr xqjkS eulk fokkfe
ekkfe osfr eU=kkFkZ% i;ZoL;fr A
bfr izFke% iVy%
vFk f}rh;% iVy%

f}rh;eU=kks)kj%
vFkkfLefU}rh;s iVys HkxorLrkfU=kdeU=kkUrja O;k[;k;rs A
rL;k;eq)kjyksd%&
lq[ka kkuq% dhykya ew/kZU;kuqukfld% A
fuk okfj p fo[;krks ukeeU=kks opn~Hkqo% AA
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
225
lq[ka ko.kZ% A kkuq jsQ% A dhykya tya odkj% A ew/kZU;ksuqukfldks

.kdkj% A fuk Hkdkj%A okfj odkj% A ,rkfu kM{kjkf.k fefyRok
^^kjo.kHko** bfr HkofUr A ,rL;kfi eU=kL; kM{kjRosu LdUnL;
k.eq[kRoa izkXoks/;e~ A
f}rh;eU=kkFkZ%
kjk.kka r`.kfokskk.kka oua kjo.ka rLekn~Hkorhfr kjo.kHko% A
vkfxfjR;FkZ% A
v=k u kjks i kf/kt% lk/kkj.kikFkoks fx oof{kr% A rL;
opn~HkwRoklEHkokr~ ;k #L; rstkse;a oh; kjLrEcs fufgra
oqekjksHkofnfr dFkk lk fdefi roeoyEC; orZrs A rksna
roe~ A #% kCne;% rL; rstkse;a oh; p fl)kfo|L;
egkiq#kL; fl)keU=kiz;ksxknqRikksfx% A l p kjksikf/keoyEC;
o/kZeku% k=kwu~ fgufLr A
fon~e% kjL; firja itZU;a Hkwfj/kk;le~ A
fon~eks oL; ekrja i`fFko HkwfjoiZle~ AA
T;ksos ifj .kksu ekekua rUoa f/k A
oh#oZjh;ksjkrhji }skkaL;k f/k AA
vFkoZ.klafgrk] 2%1&2
vu;kseZU=k;ksoZ.;Zeku% kjLr`.kfoksk ,o u os.kqe;ks yksge;ks ok
ck.k% A rL; HkwitZU;;ksekZrkfir`Rosu dFkukfkr~ A os.kqjfi
226
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ouLifrRokn~HkwitZU;;ks% iq=kks HkofrqegZrhfr psr~] r=kSo oxsZ prqFkksZ

eU=kLra lUnsga fuokj;fr A
;Fkk |ka p i`fFko pkUrfLrfr rstue~ A
,okjksxa pkkoa pkUrfLrrq eqt br~ AA
v=k eqtkCnsu izkxqDra kja ijke`kfr A eqt r`.kfoksk ,o u
os.kq% A vrho y/kqrjLr`.k% k=kwu~ gUrqelEcU/ka fouk dFka k%
L;kr~ \ va p fl)eU=ke;kCnksRikknxsukZfrfjP;rs A
bkhdka tjrhfek frfYita n.Mua uMe~A
rfeU b/ea Rok ;eL;kx fujkn/kkS AA
vFkoZ.klafgrk] 2%1&2
bkhdkfrfYituMkLr`.kfokskk%A n.Mua os.kqe;a L;kr~A rsfokhdk
kjr`.kL; i;kZ;% A v=ksUkCnsu tho ,oksP;srs A ^:ia :ia izfr:iks
cHkwo* bfr fuxekr~ A l pkfor~ fl)iq#k% A l pskhdk|U;ree~
bU/kua Rok ;eL; dkyL;kx fujkn/kkS furjkekleUrkr~
iqoku~ A vkdkks fLFkreso fotÈHk;keklsR;FkZ% A dky kCnkr~
ukfrfjP;rsA vkdkks lw{ea Lojkso kCn% loZikpdks Hkofr A vr
,okseLekfHkfjUxhrs&
l}kidk izk.ka dFk;fUr A
O;DrsrjkCna dkya x.k;fUr AA
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
227
rL; p dkyL; ;ek[;Roa #k[;Roa p r=kSokse~&

#a fonqjsos usrcZgqyhye~ A
izkgq;ZeeU;s dk;a ro dkye~ AA
bneqDra Hkofr A vkdkks ;% kCncze;% dkye; #ks
O;kidksfLr A rL; rstks eU=kkfxiszfjra kjksikf/kdea ukekfx&
HkZofr A l ,o lsukuhHkZxoku~ A lagrkZ nkuokuke~ A drkZ nso&
dk;ZL; A bkhdkkCnknso bkqkCnksRifk% A va p izk bofefr
O;ogjfUr A
boeskka nsoRoa ifj=kk.ka lrkfeo A
Hk;a oS ekuqkks Hkko% ijhoknkslrkfeo AA
,kka {kf=k;k.kfefr ijkekZ% A vfi pkL;skhdkfeR;so eq[;a
uke/ks;e~ A i;r jkek;.ka Hkkjra p A kjkCnksokpdksfi
y{k.k;kuUrja ck.kokpdksHkwr~ A kjkCn miy{kdksU;skke~
vsU/kukuke~ A izk/kkU;kPNjo.kHkosR;qf% A
LdUnL; xq#Roksiifk%
uUosoa psRLdUn% lxzkenso ,o L;kr~ A u dkj.kxq#fjfr psr~ A
u lxzkensoRoa dkj.kxq#RoizfrcU/kde~ A izR;qrksidkjde~ A ;ks
cfgjkfxHkwZRok k=kwkkk;fr A l ,okUroKkuT;ksfrHkwZRok
ikkngusu rel% ikja nkZ;fr A kkCna T;ksfrjso UroKkue~ A
,rsuSo T;ksfrkk fnO;p{kqeku~ Hkofr czk.k% A ,rsuSo T;ksfrkk
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
228
fnO;kokUHkofr {kf=k;% A bneso T;ksfrczkZ.kL; czRoe~ A

bneso T;ksfr% {kf=k;L; jktRoe~ A
bfr f}rh;% iVy%
vFk r`rh;% iVy%

xqgL; oSfndks eU=k%
O;k[;krkS xqjksLrkfU=kdkS eU=kkS A osnsI;L; eU=kk% ;Urs A rso;a
Liks Hkxorks eU=k% A
o`kk ttku o`k.ka req fpkkjh u; llwo A
iz;% lsukuhj/k u`H;ks vLrhu% lRok xosk.k% l /k`.kq% AA
_Xosn%] 7- 20- 5
ofl _fk% bUks nsork f=kqi~ NUn% A o`kk kCncz:iks #%
okZfr foKkufefr O;qRiksLrL; o`kRoe~ A o`k.ka Tokykuka okZoa
nsoa j.kk; ;q)k; ;q)a drq bR;FkZ% A ttku mRikfnroku~ A req ra
nsoe~ A ^^m** bR;O;;a LolafyL; uke% vkSkR;|ksrde~ A ukjh
fpr~ nsoh kf% A fpfnR;fuokZP;rk|ksrdeO;;e~ A ujk.kkfe;a
ukjhfr O;qRikseuZ q ;skq xw<k oq.Mfyuh kfjsok=k ukjhinsuksP;rs A
llwo lqkqos A ra dhka u; u`kq usr`kq fl)iq#kskq Hkoe~] v;a
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
229
Hkko% A fl)kuka u.kka kjhjs oq.Mfyuh kf% kCncz.k%

ldkkknkfx:ifeUa ;q)k; tu;fr A
;ks tkrks nso% lsukuh% lsukifrHkZofr nsokuke~ A v/k u`H;ks usr`H;%
vfLr lgk;Hkwr% A bu% Lokeh lRok l}ku~ lR;kfekfuR;FkZ% A
xosk.k% vUosk l izfl)ks nso% /k`.kq k=kw.kka /kkZdks Hkofr A
uUo=ksU% izr% u lqc
z .; bfr psr]~ uSrRizfrcU/kde~ A bUuke
lk/kkj.kekxs% A oqekjuke fofke~ A dFka lk/kkj.ke~ \ dFka
fofke~ \ rst lw;LZ ; lk/kkj.ka uke A lw;Z bfr fofke~ A cyorka
ekgkHkkX;orka HkkokukfeU bfr lk/kkj.ka uke A fofkkfu ukekfu
rskka i`FkDi`FkXHkofUr ;FkkoLrqroe~ A lkekU;rks cyL;sUks nso
bfr fuxeskq czk.kskq p izfl)e~ A vkfx lqrjka cyoku~
Hkko% A rLekkL;sUukeksiika ijeS;Z;ksxkr~ A v;a pkkfx%
lsukuhinfykRoqekj% izkPs ;rs foksk.k% A v=k lokZ=kkU;Rdkj.keqkj=k
fuosnf;;ke% A
bfrgklksiifk%
cyon~fHknkZuoSO;kZoq fyrs yksos nso%S izkFkrks czk] #kkS;kZeRq ik%
oqekj% rku~ lagjrhfr fdyksoku~ A vuUrja dkeks nsoS% izsfkrks
#a iq=klxkZfHkeq[ka drqZe~ A l p nX/k% A rrks xkSjh riLrsis A rilk
lUrqks xkSj #% ifj.kh; rRlk}h;Ze/w oZekxs.Z k folltZ A rnxkoIlq
kjLrEcs psfr es.k LFkkuskq rkLineUrr% oqekj% fdykHkor~ A
rL;Soa leUo;% ek;kcykksoa ck/kekukulqjtkrh;ktsraq euq;&
230
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
lk/kukfu lokZf.k foQykU;Hkou~ A vlqjtkrh;kk=k euq;fokskk

,o xzkk% A rsu euq;yksos vlqjk.kkeso kT;a kkra izle~ A
nsokklqj{ki.kk;kfo|kesrke`fkH;ks nkoUr% A vlqjk.kka ukksu
iqunsZoHkkuka jkT;a Hkwyksos LFkkfireklhr~ A b;a dFkk ijks{kjhR;s&
frgklsuksP;rs A riLrifr thos izFkea riksekgkRE;su dkeks nX/kks
Hkofr A ri kCnczrstksfusfr u foLerZO;ks fok;% A ,oa Lo:irks
nX/kksfi dkeks cht:is.kkofLFkrLrils xkSj uke oq.Mfyuh&
k izsj;fr A oq.MfyU;k xkSjhRoa p & ^îhrk HkkLoR;.kwiek**
bR;qifuknkse~ A rU=kskq xkS;kZ% oq.MfyuhRoa lqrjka izfl)e~ A
rL;kLrilk kCnczkfoHkZofr A ijokDLo:ieuqHko{kea Hkorhfr
Hkko% A ;nk kCncz.kk fefyrk oq.Mfyuh Hkw;Lrifr rnk kkCna
rst vfoHkkZo{kea Hkosr~ A rk ltkrh;ekUrfj{ka kCna rst% izjs ;na
Hkofr A ewykfxkhkZlq/k;ks% kCnczoh;ZL; laLdkj ,okfxx;ks%
dfri;dkyfLFkfr% A kjLrEcs izknqHkkZo f}rh;iVys o.kr% A
,rs p nkuok% lkoZdkfydk ,o xzkk% A u fu;rdkytk% bfrgklL;
lkoZdkfydrokfHkizk;Rokr~ A
dLrkjdklqj%
uuq rkjdo/kkFk LdUnL;ksRifk% A l p pkfjf=kd% iq#k bfr psk A
rkjdklqjksfi rkfod ,o A rjfr lokZUeuq;kfufr rkjdks e`R;q% A
mHk;Fkk e`R;qa t;fr xqg% A izekn:ia lalkjgsraq KkuiznRosu A
k=kqfHkfdhkrecykr~ A vL;So rkjdL; iq=kkfiqjklqjk bfr iqjk.kskq
dF;rs A f=kiqjklqjk f=kH;% ikksH;ks ukfrfjP;Urs A rskka p firk
izekn% A izeknkReuqfrnsgZ irue~ A nsgkReHkko bfr ;kor~ A
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
231
lsukuh%
uuq eU=ks ;RlsukuhinefLr rsolsukuhfjfr Hkkoa dFka leiZ;fs nfr
psr~ A nsojkt bUks nsolsukuhjso izdj.kkn~Hkofr A Lia psneU;=k
eU=ks A
bU vklka usrk c`gLifrnZf{k.kk ;K% iqj ,rq lkse% A
nsolsukukefHkHktrhuka t;Urhuka e#rks ;URoxze~ AA
_Xosn%] 10- 103- 8
vizdj.kLFkks;a eU=k% A vfi p eU=ks bfr inesokuUrja Lokehfr
ina O;ogj.ksHkwr~ A
vfxRosukfi LdUn mP;rs fuxeskq A
oozktklheunrhjnC/kk fnoks ;hjolkuk vuxk% A
luk v=k ;qor;% l ;ksuhjsoa xHk nf/kjs lok.kh% AA
_Xosn%]
l ok.kh% l NUnkafl A eU=kHkokfxjkxsukZfrfjP;rs A vkxs;s
lwDrs nkgdRolkekU;knsrL; opue~ A u ikFkoRokssksu A
O;ffopkj%
vFk O;fRo/kkjoa lxq.kL; cz.kks ek;k:ia ;Rlqcz.;k[;a
r}O;e~ A bU ,o xqgL;kf/knSfooa :ifefr onke% A kkCnkxs&
232
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
eZ/;eLFkkuRokr~ A bUkUrfj{kyksdifr% A ;nkj.;os bUa izR;

lqcz.;ksa lqcz.;ksa bR;qilagjfr rnsde=k fye~ A bUL;
lxzkensorkRosu oSfndh izflf)k=k fya Hkofr A
fkoL; fdekf/knSfooa :ie~ \ bU ,o A firkiq=k;ksjHksnkifkfjfr
psr~ uSk nksk% A xw<kCnczO;kkCnkXU;is{k;k HksnfunsZk%
firkiq=klEcU/kksf A ,rsu fkolqcz.;ks O;k[;kr% A
x.kirs% fdekf/knSfooa :ie~\ bU ,o Hkzk=kksjHksnkifkfjfr psr~ uSk
nksk% A fl)eU=krRiszfjrkkXU;is{k;k HksnfunsZkks Hkzkr`Roksf A
eU=kks fg izFkea kCncz.kks tk;rs A vuUrjekfx% A x.kifruk
c`gLifrcz.kLirh O;[;krkS A
fo|qr% fdekf/knSfooa :ie~ \ bU ,oA v=kkfLr dff}ksk% A
fo|qrksfi fofka nsorkukesU% A
vU;s bUns o rkdk vkUrfj{kk ekgkHkkX;oUrks Hkkok v=k
foLrjHk;kkksP;Urs A
vorkjHksnksiifk%
bUks HkxokU;su rstksaksukorjfr rL; fofka uke rL;korkjL;
Hkofr A oS|rq kakkorkj% bUL; Loinsu kCnczkakkorkjks #insu
eU=kkDR;orkjks x.kifrinsu kkCnrstksakkorkj% LdUninsu
pksP;Urs A r=k x.kifrlqcz.;kS HkzkrjkS ijLijlkis{kkS Hkor% A
xq#eU=kHkk;e~
233
,oa lxzg.s k xqjks;k.kka egkeU=kk.kkeFkZ% m% LdUnrofoLrjLrq

nsorkehekalk;ka izrU;sr A
bfr r`rh;% iVy%
bfr JhHkxoUegkje.kkUrsokfluks okflL;
ujlglwuksxZ.kirs% frxqZ#eU=kHkk;a leke~ A
v=kk;eqlga kjyksd%
eqfuuk Jheq[ks lgs fnus lw;sZUnqles A
lw;ksiZ jkxle;s Hkk;esrnqnhfjre~ AA
Hkk;kuqcU/k%
1- kksHkukn~cz.k% kCncz.kks tk;r bfr lqcz.;% A
2- ,rsu czxHkZuke O;k[;kre~ A ^lqcz.;ks czxHkZ% Lokeh
kjo.kksn~Hko%* bR;ej% A
3- oqekj% fuR;kHkZd% mRi| dk; iqufLrjksfgrks Hkofr A iqu%
dk;Zdkys izknqHkZOfr A vrks fuR;kFkZd mP;rs A ^vHkZdks u oqekjd%*
bfr fuxeks=k Hkofr ,sUs lwDrsA l|ks tKkuks fufj.kkfr k=kwfufr
pA
234
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
4- ,rsu luRoqekjuke O;k[;kre~ A lur~ lnk oqekj bfr r=k

O;qRifk% A
5- luRlqtkrksI;;eso A lnk lqtkr bfr r=k O;qRifk% A
6- lekuks uUnu% luUnu% A x.kifruk lg #L; A
7- lud% kkr% A
,oesrkfu pRokfj ukekU;sdL;Sokskfu A izk;ks foHkwfrHksnkr~
prq;ksffjfr izfrHkkfr A
vx%s prks foHkwr;%
235
vxs% prks foHkwr;%
ikFkoks oS|rq ks ;Kks thosR;fxrqoHkwfr% A ^^bH;kkjktk oukU;fk**

bR;knkS fuxeskq ikFko% Lrw;rs A ^^v/kquksRdkk vokEcjEHksr~**
bR;knkS oS|qr% A ^^;KL; nsoe`fRote~** bfr d.BksDR;kxs;ZK&
nsorkRodFkue~ A ^îfrZ/ojk.kke~** bR;knkS rnqicàfgre~ A ^^; b
fposr xqgk HkoUr**feR;knkS thoRosukfx% dfFkr% A oS|qrkxsjso
okxzwiRok}kxwzikfxuZ i`FkXoO;% A
thoL; }s nks
r=k thoL;kxs}sZ nks Hkor% A ,dk c)k nkk A vU;k eqk nkk A
^^f=k/kk c)ks o`kHkks jksjohfr egks nsoks eR;k vkfoosk** bR;knkS c)ks
o.kr% A ^îqfuZ j.ok f{kfruZ i`Foh fxfjuZ HkqTe {kksnks u kEHkw A
vR;ksukTeaRlxZirz % flU/kquZ {kksn% d b ojkrs A** eqL; opksfZ rk;a
iqfuZ j.osfr O;kidHkkosu fokkykuqHkoa f{kfruZ i`Fohfr A
loZQyle`)Roa fxfjuZ HkqTesfr] cgqykuUnRoa {kksnks u kfEHofr A
fujkoj.kloZxkfekfRoeqkjkH;ka pksiekukH;ka nkZ;fr A ,oa
tkrh;dkU;kxs;skq lwDrskq eqL; o.kZukfu A izk;ks eqL; o.kZus
iwosZ egkZ;% kjhjsxsuwZrua tUe o.kZ;fUr A eqRoa nsfguks f}rh;a
tUesfr rskka fl)kUr% A ,rsu ^^czKkuh rq czk.k%**A ^^f}tUek
236
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
czk.k% A** bfr y{k.k;ksjU;ksU;fojks/kks ukLrhR;oxE;rs A

czKkuf}rh;tUeuksjsdkFkZRokr~ A ,rsu JhegksZczkZ.kLokfeRoa
O;k[;kre~ A
thoL;kxsuwZrutUekfHk/kk;dkfu opukfu & ^ô/kZUrheki% ikk
lqfkfe`rL; ;ksuk xHksZ lqtkre~** bfr ijkkjL; nkZue~ A vkiks
egkUizk.k% A _rL; ;ksfuxZHkZLrq n;e~ A vUrjkReu% lw=kkReuk
lk;qT;esok=k o/kZue~ A ^^vo/kZ;aRlqHkxa l;h% sra tKkue#ka
efgRok A fkkqa u tkreH;k#j nsoklks vx tfueUoiq;u~ A**
bfr fokfe=kL; A l;h% lekrj% A o/kZua pk=k rst% izokg&
okZ.ksu A ^^{ks=kkni;a luqrjUra lqe|wFka u iq#kksHkekue~ A urk
vx`Hkzk tfufgk% ifyohfjo |qor;ks HkofUrA** bR;k=ks;L;
o`kL; A ^^foL; osrqHkqZouL; xHkZ vkjksnlh vo`.kkkk;eku%A**
bfr oRlizs% A ,oa tkrh;dkfu cgwfu lfUr opukfu A
tho:iksfxjos oqekj%
tho:iksfxjso oqekj bfr i;fr dikyh o;a p ra leFkZ;ke% A
vL;kxsuwZrua tUeSo oqekjtUeRosu o.;Zrs A osnsL; lekrj%
^^,oa xHk nf/kjs lok.kh%A** bfr fokfe=kL; nkZue~ A iqjk.kskq
k.ekrj bfr foksk% A ,oSdL; kkjhjL; /kkrksjsoSdk ekrkfHk&
ekuhuh A ;Fkk fokq)pfuy;sR;kfnkq yfyrkukelq o.kre~ A
r=k k.ekrj% A kMk/kkjfuy;k% A leh leLrpfuy;k A
ekRlRoxkfnl/kkrqLFkk% /kkrql[;kuqlkjs.k lekrj% A
vk/kkjl[;kuqlkjs.k k.ekrj bfr foksk%A ,rk ekrj%
vx%s prks foHkwr;%
237
fkdk% A fkdkkCneZi;kZ;% A Rop% lk{kkfnrjskka /kkrwuka

y{k.k;k p okpd% lEHkofr A ,oSdL;kskjkskjL; /kkrks% iwo%Z iwoksZ
/kkrqeZof) Hkofr A loksZkjL; kqL; /kkrks% A loZ/kk&
Roof/kRokk fkdkRoeqe~ A dkros; bR;L; kkjhjd bR;FkZ%
bR;qDra Hkofr A leqnk;su kjhjkfRedk i`fFkO;sdkL; ekrk A rk
nkre`fk.kk o`ksu A ^ôqekja ekrk ;qofr% leqC/ka xqgk fcHkr u
nnkfr fi=ks A** ekrk=k kjhjkfRedk i`fFkoh A xqgk p ngjLFkkue~ A
fi=ks pknkueuqDe.ke~ A firk fg |qyksd% A ^^|kSeZs firk tfurk A**
bR;kfn funsZkkr~ A oqekja ekrsfr eU=ks oSkujefx oqekjkCnsu
;nkg rn=k y{khdrZO;eLekfHk% A l ,okjH;L;fr p Hkw;% kCna
ra oSkujijRosu A ^^desra Roa ;qors oqekja iskh fcHkk efgkh
ttku iwohZg xHkZ% kjnks oo/kkZi;a tkra ;nlwr ekrk A** vU;=kkfi
^^d% oqekjetu;Fka dks fujorZ;r~A** bfr ;kek;uL;kUr;kZfeijs
lwDrs A vL; xqgkokflRoknso xqg bfr uke A ,dk xqgoS LFkkuRosu
LFkkfuRosu pkfHk/kh;rs A ^^ngj mkjsH;%** bfr cknjk;.klw=ks pSk
,o U;k; vkfJr% A ngjLFkku bZjks ngjukesfr A n;s orZeku
vkRek n;fefr dF;r bfr Jhegk lkZus fHkn/kkfr A ngj
n;kkkfrfjP;rs A vL; xqgkokflRos cgwfu opukfu lfUr ^^xqgk
fcHkr** bfr izkxqnkre~ A ^^; b fposr xqgk HkoUre~ A** ^îk u
rk;qa xqgk prUre~** bR;knhfupk=kksnkgrZO;kfu A ^^na foikia
ijeseHkwra ;Riq.Mjhoa iqje/;laLFke~ A** r=kkfi na xxua
fokksdLrfLeU;nUrLrnqikflrO;e~ A bfr ukjk;.ks ngjiq.Mjhd&
e/;s ;gja r=k ijekResR;qP;rs A bna p eU=kdk.MsI;fLr ikjkk;sZ
nkZus A ^^fiz;kinkfu iks fuikfg fok;qjxs xqgk xqgk% A**
f}rh;kskkfjrks xqg ,o vxs% LFkkuRos vfxRosu ps;ek.k% A ,oa
238
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
oqekjkCn bo xqgkCnksfi oSfnd bR;sokoxre~ A bneso xqgkLFkkua

fnfr LieqDra okensoL; _ksnZkZus A ^^/kkeUrs foa Hkqouef/k&
fJreUr% leqs |Urjk;qfk A** vxsjskk Lrqfr% A /kkeu~ /kkeuhfr
oSfndHkkkk A rs /kkefu vUr% leqs vUrjkdkks leqkCn
vkdkki;kZ;ks fuxes A fn n;s vUrjk;qfk vUroZrfu loZikz .kHkwrs
foa Hkqouef/kfJre~ A v;a p fl)kUr% Jhegk.kk je.ksukln~
vH;Lr% A ,oa oqekjkiji;kZ;L; oSkujL; n;kUroZrRoa
leFkre~ A Jhegkjfi je.k% d bfr dL;fpRizkL;kskjesoa
kfoMi|sukg AA
vjh;kfn f;rj thoj nxokfjt xqxf;y~
vfjok;~ jfe ijekkqeu~ v#.kkpyje.ku~
v=k n;xq g korhZ oS kuj ,o je.k bR;q e~ A je.k
oqekjkkkfrfjP;rs A ek;kiq=kkwjkfnlagkjizHk`frf;k% lokZ vfi
oSkujijRosu O;k[;krqa kDk% A foLrjHk;kk fy[;rs A
oSkuj ,o luRoqekj% A luPNCnks fuR;i;kZ;% A vkReSo fg
rel% ikja ija nkZ;R;kReu% A v=k nkZf;rkRek leftho% A
ikjUrk ifjfPNkkfHkekU;grkZ A
oS|qrksfxjso x.kifr%
oS|qrksfx;ZFkkxsoHkwfrkq prl`kq rFksUL;kfi prl`kq foHkwfrkq A
lks;a lkekU;r bU mP;rs A fokskrks cz.kLifr% A dk;ZHksnkfnna
vx%s prks foHkwr;%
239
uke};e~ A e#rks fou;fkU mP;rs A okpks fou;u~ cz.kLifr% A

cz.kLirsjos c`gLifrfjfr ukekUrjfefr x.kkuka Rosfrlw=ks Lie~ A
x.kifrkCn bUlwDrskq cz.kLifrlwDrskq p ;rs A ^^fukqlhn
x.kirs x.kskq Rokekgqoizrea dohuke~** bR;SUs A ^^x.kkuka Rok
x.kir gokegs do dohukeqieJoLree~A** bfr czk.kLiR;s A
,d=k dohuka foizre% l% vU;=k dohuka dfo% A mHk;=kkfi
T;sjktkCn% A ^^T;sjkta Hkjs qe~** bR;SUs A T;sjkta cz.kk
cz.kLir bfr czk.kLiR;s A vfxLrq ;fo mP;rs fuxeskq A
bUkxh p HkzkrjkoqP;srs A ,rsu x.kifroqekj;ksT;sZdfuHkzkr`Roa
O;k[;kre~ A x.kifrfjR;=k x.kkCnks e#}kph A e#rka T;s% ifr
x.kifr% A ^^bU T;sks e#.kk% A Hkzkrjks e#rLro** bR;kfn
fuxek v=k izek.ke~ A e#r #iq=kk% A ^^rfnqL; psrfr ;e~ A**
bfr ukjnL; nkZus bUksfi lk{kkr~ #iq=kRosu dfFkr% A ,rsu
x.kirs% #iq=kRoa O;k[;kre~ A # lw=kkRek A LdUnL; #iq=kRoa
e#nUroZrRokr~ A jkSa rst ,o kjhjeuqifz oa xqgk[;eHkofnR;L;
#iq=kRoe~ A x.kirsgZfLreq[kRoa p dffkfjUa gfLreq[ka k
rqVkosR;U;Sjfi rFkk x`ghrRokr~ A ^^vkrwu bU{kqeUra fp=ka xzkHka
lx`Hkk; A egkgLrh nf{k.ksu A** bfr dk.oL; oqlhfnuks nkZue~ A
v=ksUks egkgfLrRosu o.kr% A bUL; ek;k:isfonesde~ A u
iw.kksZ gLrh nf{k.ksusR;qRokr~ A euq;L;So fg nf{k.kgLr% A vrks
gfLreq[kks ujkjhj bUks % oqlhfnusR;qDra Hkofr A
,oa rorks oSkujoS|rq kS oqekjx.kirh A vfxfjU oSfndnsork&
ukeH;ke~ A x.kirsczZ.kLifrfjfr ukekUrjeI;fLr f;kHksnkr~ A
c`gLirhUHksnfunsZkkLrq bUL; foHkwR;Urjkis{k;k oS|qrL;
240
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
fHkkRokr~ A vHksnfunsZkk fo|Urs A ukS/kls dk.ksZ p nkZus bU

,o c`gLifrfjR;qP;rs A c`gLirsfjUL; p oyHksnuk[;efjks
xoku;uk[;a p deZ.kh rqY;a o.;sZrs A v=kkHksnfunsZkks oS|qrL;So
c`gLifrRosusURosu pksfRokr~ A d.oL; czk.kLiR;s lwDrs
cz.kLifrfjUkCnsu oftzkCnsu p foks;rs A ,oa xkRlZens
xks=kfHkoa cz.kLirs#P;rs A rFkk c`gLirsjkxLR;s nkZus A
nSojkrnkZue~
241
nSojkrnkZue~
vlkS ok bfr lp vkuqqHka lkfo=ka lwDra izFkee~

vlkS oS lglk riUijhr% izfrfrfr A
foL; lfor;ZfLekeqfefknektxr~ AA 1AA
vlkS oS lfork riu~ lglk cysu ijhrks O;k%( foL; lforfj
izlforfj vfLeu~ tho:is veqfeu~ bZjs txfnnekleUrkr~
izfrfrfr( ;nequksiE;ksilagjfr ;kseeeq;foksk.ka djksfr rr~
_fkKkZi;fr thoehjknuU;a rknkRE;kr~ ( i;fr psjL;sna txr~
u thoL;sfr A
ueLrs nso lforuZeLrs fop{kqks A
ueks foL; jksfpks ueLrsLrq fok;qks AA 2AA
nso lforLrs ue% A fop{kqks foL; us=kk; rs ue% A foL;
jksfpks T;ksfrks ue% A fok;qks foL; izk.kk; rs ueksfLRofr A
^êukse;% izk.kkjhjks Hkk:i%** bfr czk.ka pk=k Hkofr A eU=ks p{kq%
czk.ks eu u dj.kfokskkfHkizk;s( vfi rq lkf{klkekU;ijs(
foizk.kHkwrL; O;kidT;ksfrkksuUrjHkwr% lk{kh ijekResR;qDra
Hkofr A
242
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
n/kkfe lR; lfor/k;k ro ozra fxjk A

=khf.k rseq; inkfu ;RizFkekfu T;ksrhfk AA 3AA
lR; lforLro ozra deZ f/k;k fxjk p n/kkfe /kkj;kfe LrkSehfr
;kor~ ( rfnna Lrks=ka Hkofr( veq; rs =khf.k inkfu ukekfu ;r~
izFkekU;k|kfu T;ksrhfk o{;ek.kkuhfr A
vfx% i`fFkO;ka Toyfr LojrhULRoUrfj{ks A
ersoL; tfurk lw;Z% izjksprs fnfoAA 4AA
i`fFkO;kefxToZyfr( vUrfj{ks fRoU% Lojfr kCnk;rskfuuk]
foL; lEcfU/kuks erstZfurk tuf;rk lw;ksZ fnfo izjksprs A
deZizfoHkkU;srkfu =khf.k ukekfu HkoUrhfr A
vkRekua ;a rs fcHkzfr xHkZekRefu iw#kk% A
ve`ra rnq lqoh; T;ksfroL; nkZ;r~ AA 5AA
rs iw#kk% vxhUlw;kZ% xHkZeUrxZra ;ekRekua fcHkzfr rf}/ks;&
izk/kkU;kkiql
a dee`ra ukkjfgra lqoh; nkZ;r~ lokZoHkkloa foL;
lEcfU/kT;ksfr% ;};a lforsfr Lrqe bfr A
;}S i`fFkO;kekxs;eSUa ;}k vUrfj{ks A
fnfo T;ksfr;ZnkfnR;a o/kZ;Urq ef; rst% AA 6AA
i`fFkO;ka ;nkxs;a oS] vUrfj{ks ;nSUa oS] fnfo ;nkfnR;a lw;Z&
nSojkrnkZue~
243
lEcfU/kT;ksfr%] rkfu rstks ef; o/kZ;fURofr A

rks lforLrqjh;a ina fnO;a f/k;k lqxe~ A
ija i;kfe nkZra T;ksfroL; nkZ;r~ AA 7AA
lforLrs rkqjh;a nkZra nkZuh;a ija f/k;k lqxa izkI;a fnO;a nkZ;r~
foL; T;ksfrLrwia ina i;kfe A v=kkxk=;khf.k inkfu
lforqhf.k inkfu HkofUr A rkU;srkU;qkkj.kh;kfu] lokZUrj ,okRek
prqFk ina nkZuh;eso ukskkj.kh;fefr A
vxs rosfr rpqoa =kSqHke~ A
r`rh;k txrh vkxs;a lwe~ f}rh;e~ A
vxs roses fo;rhg Hkklks ;Ues izk.kk{kqkh vkfokUr% A
Roa es nsookxfl fo:ik okpa nso eulk izczohfk AA 1AA
p{kqkh vkfokUrks es izk.kk bfr ;r~ r bes izk.kk% gs vxs rosg
fo;R;Urfj{ks fo|kekuk% Hkkl% HkkH;ks ukfrfjP;Ur bfr ;kor~ A gs
nsok Roa es fo:ik fooke;opulkeF;kZf}kfRedk okxfl A
^^rstkse;h oko~** bfr czk.ke=k Hkofr A eulk dj.ksu okpa nso
lw{eka lYi:ika izcoz hfk Roeso( vUrjkReRokr~( KkusfU;skq p{kqLrs
foHkwfr%( desZfU;skq oko~( oLrqrLRoeUrjkRek eu%dj.kd
bfr A
244
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
Roa es ekrk i`fFkoh |kS#rkfl Roa es firk lfork lR;/kekZ A

Roa es /kkrk iz.ksrk ouLifrLRoa es /ksuuw ka ifjrksfl ikfl AA 2AA
Roa es ekrk i`fFkoh] mr |kSjfl] Roa es firk lR;/kekZ vizfrgrfulxZ%
lfork] Roa es /kkrk drkZ ikdizHkkokr~ dky%] iz.ksrk iszjd%]
ouLifrjkskf/kHkwr%] Roa es /ksuwuka okpka ukFk bfr ksk% A ifjrksfl
loZO;kidksfl] ikfl j{kfl p fofefr ksk% A fo:iLrqfrjskk
Hkorhfr A
Roa es i`fFkO;kefork x`gifrLRoa es okpks tfurk cz.kLifr% A
Roa es izk.kLRoa ifo=kks fnoLifroS
Z kujLRofeg frfl yksos AA 3AA
Roa es i`fFkO;kefork j{kd%] x`gifrjkgouh;kfn:iRokr~ ( Roa es
okpks tfurk tuf;rk cz.kLifr% iz.ko:iRokr~ ( Roa es izk.kk%
losZ eq[;izk.k:iRokr~ e/;eks fxe[qZ ;izk.k:i% ifo=kks fnoLifr%
lw;Zkfl( bg yksos Roa oSkujks uke frfl] ,r;k yksd=k;&
okL;fxjfHkqr bfr A
vUrgrks ok ve`rks eR;sZkq ;% lkoa izk.kS% ikqkq foskq A
vfLeUoSkujs izf.kn/kkfr lfork T;ksfroL; nkZ;r~ AA 4AA
ve`rks ukkjfgrks ;ks eR;sZ kq d p foskq ikqkq izk.kS% lkdeUrgrks
oS] vfLeu~ oSkujs lafok;s lfork nkZ;f}L; T;skfr% izf.k&
n/kkrhfr A
nSojkrnkZue~
245
vkiks fnO;k bfr nkZpZe~ vkuqqHke~ vkI;a lwe~

vkiks fnO;k% ljLoR;% i;LoR;ksfHkokZr A
,sUs.k lfo=ksfjrkLrstlkSkf/kfHkeZghe~ AA 1AA
fnO;k vUrfj{kHkok% ljLoR;% ijLija lrRokr~ ( i;LoR;ksEcq&
lkr:iRokr~ foksks.k lkekU;a fofk;rs( gs vki% lfo=kk ijes.k
d=kkZ ,sUs.k oS|qrsu rstlk dj.ksusfjrk% lR;% vkskf/kfHk% khdjskq
chtkReuk yhukfHkeZghefHkokZrsfr A
lkdfeUs.k ;k ;w;eki% izk.kk% i`fFkohkq A
rk vk;kr jlSjkSje`rSoZuLifrfHk% AA 2AA
gs vki% ;k ;w;a bUs.k e/;ekfxuk lkoa i`fFkohkq izk.kk%( rk%
jlSolkjHkwrjS kSoksithO;Sje`roS uZ LifrfHkjk;kr%( vkskf/kfHkjkI;k
ouLir;ks O;[;krk bfr A
vkiks nsO;% laoUR;% iqu% iqu% ioZrsH;%A
ikFkosu ekeqikk T;ksfrkk le;r AA 3AA
ioZrsH;% iqu% iqu% laoUR;% gs vkiks nsO;ks unh:ik% ekeqikk%
kudkys ikFkosu T;ksfrkk le;r( vIlq fg xw<ksfxfjfr A
e/kqeR;ks fg ekrj vkiks nsO; bgkxrk% A
eR; iquhr ekek a l|ks f/k;ks foHkwr;s AA 4AA
246
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
e/kqeR;ks e/kqjjlookr~ ekrjks thouiznRokr~] gs vkiks nsO;

bgkxrk% lR;% vka eka l|ks f/k;ks foHkwr;s o`);s iquhr] nkskfoeqks
fg
f/k;k o/kZrs A fg% ikniwj.kkFkZ bfr A
;ks oks tuf;rk e`rks vIlq Hkorhkq A
ef; oS /kk rsu lefxukIlq erk rst% AA 5AA
ve`rks ukkjfgrks ;ks oks tuf;rk fd ;ks oSHkorhoIlq frfr
rsukIlqerkfxuk ef; oS rst% lU/kk( vki ,o izkF;ZUr bfr A
beekxs; ,ul% iquekZlLoq#rki% A
fnO;ks jlks ;ks ;qeklq ef; ra Hkjrke`re~ AA 6AA
vkxs;ksfxnqfgrj% vki% bea eka iqu% laLoq#r ,ul% ikikr~ ;ks
;qeklq fnO;ks jl% ef; ree`ree`rl/keZRokne`ra Hkjrsfr A
vILoUrHkZorhkq exfeeeqkUreS% A
HksktSe/Z kqHkhjlS% iquekZlL i`krki% AA 7AA
HkorhoILoUreZxfeea mkUreS% lq[kdjSeZ/kqfHk% fiz;Rokr~ ( jlSjso
HksktS% gs vki% iqu% laLi`krsfr A
vkiks ;Ues nq#fnra Le`ra ok ;nqnqfje~ A
;}k ra nqdj.ka rr% iquhr for% AA 8AA
nSojkrnkZue~
247
gs vki% ;Ues nq#fnra nq#Dra ;nq nqfja ok Le`ra dkesu lfYira

;}k ra nqdj.ka deZ rrffo/kk}kfpdekuldkf;d:ikf}r%
ikikr~ iquhrsfr A
;}k ija nqfjra rstlks cz.kks gjr~ A
r}ks jlsu iquesZ ra leqizogr% AA 9AA
cz.kLrstl% vkReKkuk)jnikgjRija ;}k nqfjra r}ks jlsu ra
es iqu% lEizogr lky;r( m% ikniwj.k bfr A
;nkfnR;sukIlq fgra rilkika o`kHks.k A
vki% lU/kk rUef; T;ksfro L; nkZ;r~ AA 10AA
vika o`kHks.k lsposu vkfnR;su rilk riusu ;nIlq fgra iksfkra
rr~ nkZ;f}L; T;ksfr% vkiks ef; lU/kksfr A
okpa nsohfefr }knkpZe~ vkuqqHke~ lkjLora lwe~ prqFkZe~
okpa nsohe`rorheuqczohfe eulk A
;k nsoh cz.kLirsjsdinh ;k c`grh AA 1AA
;k nsoh cz.kLirs dk;Zdj.klkrkr~] ;k ,dinh ukukRoghuk
c`gR;[k.Mk & vO;ekulkCn:iRokr~ rka eulk d=kkZ& vkforke~
bR;/;kf;rs A r`rh;k lkeF;kZr~( vr ,o _ror okpa
nsoheuqczohfe u euL;soa opL;soa eesfr A
248
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
NUnksfHkLrs ljLoR;khf.k inkU;kfgrkfu A

xk;=ka ina izFkes NUnfl izkr% lous AA 2AA
rs ljLoR;kNUnkse;kNUnksfHkxkZ;=kh&f=kqi~&txrhfHk% inkfu
=kh.;kfgrkfu] rkU;Uokg izkr%lous deZf.k izFkes NUnfl xk;=ka
ukeinfefr A
rr~ =kSqHka oS f}rh;s ek/;fUnus ;Rlous A
tkxra r|k`rh;s lous iquNUnfl AA 3AA
ek/;fUnus lous NUnfl p f}rh;s ;Rina r}S =kSqHka uke( r`rh;s
lous NUnfl p iqu;ZRina rkkxra ukesfr A
ina i`fFkO;kekxs;eSUa ineUrfj{ks A
ina fnfo r vkfnR;e`fXHk;ZtqHk% lkefHk% AA 4AA
i`fFkO;kekxs; a ine`fXHk% lEi|r bfr ksk%] vUrfj{ks ;tqHkjSUa ina]
fnfo vkfnR;a ina lkefHkLrs HkoUrhfr A
oDrq% lekReuks okp% izogUR;kLrs ijkP;k% A
pRokfj eulk lkoa inkfu rkfu fgrkfu AA 5AA
NUnksfHkhf.k inkU;qkfu] =khf.k osn%S ] mHk;fo/kkfu p ikfjHkkfkdkf.k]
vFk oLrqr% ljLoR;k% inkU;kg & vkReuks oDrq% ldkkkr~
lEizogUR;k% ijkP;kLrs okpks eulk lkoa pRokfj rkfu inkfu
nSojkrnkZue~
249
fgrkfu /k`rkfu ;kfu o{;ke bfr A

oSkujsfLefkfgresoa infena okp% A
ija izk.ksoUrfj{ks oSkujs.k ;Riqu% AA 6AA
vfLeUoS kujs thokRefu fufgra lw { eokxz w i r;k lek
LFkkfirfena okp% ,oa ine~ A iquoSZkujs.k thokReukUrfj{ks
vUrjkdkks izk.kskq oS|qrskq fufgra ;kRija f}rh;a infefr A
rRizk.kS% iqu% Lofjra ew/k Lojn~fHkLr`rh;e~ A
bna ina rqjh;euqczohfe ft;k AA 7AA
Lojn~fHk% izk.kS% iquewZ /k lYiLFkkus Lofjra rk`rh;a ine~( rs rqjh;fena
ina ft;kuqczhfofe r`rh;euq?;sfr A
jlorh Roa pUelks jlS% izogrks fnfo A
lforq% LojrLrilk oko~ Roa Lojorh LojS% AA 8AA
fnfo ew/k |kSg ew/kkZ/;kRea izogrUelks euks :iL; jlSLRoa
jlorh] eulk foizfrfk)kfu diVopukfu fokizk;k.khfr ;kor~]
laokfnuhRoe`ra ogUrhfr nSojkrks eU;rs A rilk fuR;su Lojr%
lforqeqZ[;izk.kL; eq[;a fg izk.ka lforkjekeufUr foHkwfrizLrkos(
gs oko~ Roa LojS% Lojofr( ;ks eq[;izk.ks fuy ,o frUokXO;kikja
djksfr rL;So opus lko=k% ijeoh;Zokj% Loj% LiqV% L;kfnfr A
250
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ueLrs nsfo lao pUels g ew/kZfu A

jla fickfe ft;k ljLoR;kLro okp% AA 9AA
gs nsfo ueLrs] bg ew/kZfu pUelk lg lao ekuls Liwreusu
;kprs] ljLoR;k% LiwrfokskkRlaoUR;k bfr unhlkE;knsoeqe~ A
ro okpks jla okD;lkr:ia ft;k fickfe rq;Uonkehfr A
ueLrs nsfo lLoj ueLrsLrq LojoR;S A
ft;ka Lojes/k;k Lojs.k cz.kLirs% AA 10AA
gs nsfo ueLrs Loj lE;o~ Loj LojoR;S rs ueksLrq] es/k;k lkoa
cz.kLirs% iz.koL; eq[;kRizk.kkRiz.koks ukfrfjP;rs Lojs.k ftk;ka
Loj%] okfp kfeu;k ;kpr bfr A
;k Roa nsoh nsotqk izsfjrk eulk Lo;e~ A
p{kqH;k euq ;k rka Rokeòr fonq% AA 11AA
eulk Lo;a izsfjrk;k Roa nsotqk nsoiwftrk fu;sosk funsZk%( ;k
p{kqH;k euqlaonfr vuqoknsosk funsZk%] rka Roka eulk izsfjrka
kuqokfnu p _ror fonqfjfr A
ljLofr ;Rijea ina fnfo rs LojUR;k% A
vkJko; rnq ea T;ksfroL; nkZ;r~ AA 12AA
gs ljLofr fnfo yksos LojUR;kLrs ;Rijee[k.Ma ina rUee~
nSojkrnkZue~
251
vkJko;] d Hkwra nkZ;f}L; T;ksfrLrwie~ A m% ikniwj.k bfr A

;L;se bfr ipZe~ =kSqHke~ Hkkoo`ka lwe~
iee~
;L;ses opfegsna onkeks ;ks ok vLeklq iquujUrj% A
l u% firk tfurk l uks HkrkZ l u% dyf;rk Lo;ekRefu AA 1AA
;L;sjL; bes foLiqfyk bokxsf jgsna onkeks thody;kI;kf;rk&
ske bfr ;kor~( ;ks oS iqujLeklq fujUrjks u[kfk[ki;ZUra O;k%]
n;kfnLFkkufoHkkxe`fkxkS.Z ka eU;rs] l uks tfurk tuf;rk firk l
uks HkrkZ ikyd% l u% Lo;ekRefu dyf;rk ;kstf;rk vUrs
bfr A
b;a uks /kk=kh i`fFkoh ijLrknn~H; m lEHkwrk ;k lkdekS% A
rstlks ;k oS iztkrkLrirLrk ,rk vkikse`ra ifo=ka u% AA 2AA
b;a i`fFkoh uks /kk=kh ikskf;=kh ekrsfr lxZizdj.kkH;rs( ;kkS%
lkden~H;% m lEHkwrk ijLrkRloZHkwrHs ;ksokZo~ vkskf/kouLirhuka
lxzg.kk;kkSfjfr cgqopue~ A rSfkjh;k% i`fFkO;k vkskf/k&
ouLirhukekL; p ikFkZD;ekeufUr lxsZ NUnksxkLrq vkkk i`Fko~
iwoZ O;};a eU;Urs( nSojkrLrq i`fFkohefoHkkT;kkfofkka i;fr u
pkkkRi`Fkxkskf/kouLirhu~] rir bZkL; rstlksfx:ik|k oS
iztkrkLrk ,rk vkiks u% ifo=kee`reqithO;Rokr~ ( bZkrstlks%
252
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
lEcU/kks=k dk;Zdkj.kHkko( kjknhuka u;s NUnksxlxZ bok=kkfi

ijEij;k l Hkko%( vLekoa rq lk{kknsosfr A
;}S leqPflra lglsg lforqLrrLrirLrstl% A
bes izk.kkLrnLekoa txrka rrks tkrk bg thofUr fo s AA 3AA
rirLrs t lks Kku:ikkr% lforq f jg txfr ;}S
leqPflrek;krhR;/;kf;rs u rq lEHkorhfr klkUr&
lkeF;kZr~ ( lglk cysu flrL;ksiyf{krfoksk.ke~ A rnLekdfees
izk.kk txrka psekukukfeg tkrk fos rrks thoUrhfrA
;=k oS rst%ijea iqjLrkRLo;eUrfjg rRlEijhre~ A
lk uks ekrk izlfo=kh c`grh fofena fcHkR;ZfnfrxZHksZ AA 4AA
,oa Kkukf:iL;skL; f;kkf:iks ekrfjk o.kr%]
vFkk/kkjkfekg A iqjLrkRlxZikz jEHkdkys rRija rstks czLo;feg
;=kkUroSZ lEi`ra O;ki`ra lk uks ekrk vkfnekrk izlfo=kh
izfrc`gR;[k.Mkfnfrjkdkkkiji;kZ;k xHksZ fofena fcHkr A
vO;chtkReusfr osnkfUru%] ijek.kqiq tr;sfr rkddk%] oLrqrLrq
HkkkkHksn ,oksHk;skkfefr A
jksfnrqjkReuks ;L; ril% izl`ra ok bnefnrkS foe~ A
izR;qi;s a lnh{k;k uks c`gknL; T;ksfroL; nkZ;r~ AA 5AA
jksfnrq% kCnk;ekuL; ;L;kReuLrilks gsrksjfnrkfona foa oS izlr` a
nSojkrnkZue~
253
izkxO;Dra rnk O;eklhr~] vL; ijekReuks nkZ;noHkkloa

foL; r;ksfrcZ`gn[k.Ma u% lnh{k;k vUo;r% lk{kkRdkjs.k u
O;frjsdr% mijes.k izR;qis;a izkO;fefr A
xkoks jlsufs r nkpZe~
vkuqHq ke~
xksl
w e~&ke~
xkoks jlsu xO;su i`fFkoh ouLifrfHk% A
veq; rilkfnfroZ/kZ;Urq ef; rst% AA 1AA
xkoks xO;sukReh;su jlsu i;lk i`fFkohouLifrfHk% vfnfr|kSjZ eq;
lw;LZ ; rilk loZfoekZey
w us T;ksfrkk ef; rst%kjhjs izk.ks erkS p
o/kZ;fURofr A
Lo oRlfeo /ksuoks ekeH;k;kr i;ksfHk% A
iz;PNr i;ks ea oRlL; es thouk; AA
gs /ksuo% i;ksfHk% Loa oRlfeo ekeH;klkr ea i;% iz;PNr
fdeFk oRlL; iq=kHkwrL; es ee thouk;sfr A
jkSa ;nUr/ksuZ oks Hkorhkq izfrfre~ A
i;LrRl`trkta oRlL; es thouk; AA 3AA
254
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
gs /ksuoks Hkorhkq vUrnksgZ ukRiwo jkSa #nsorkoa ;Rizfrfra rRi;%

vta lUrra l`tr oRlL; ee thouk;sfr A
;}k;O;a lafolà Losu oRlsuksr ihre~ A
LrU;a r)k nksX/ksz es oRlL; es thouk; AA 4AA
;Rlafolèw/k% izka ok;O;a ok;qnsorkoa mr Losu oRlsu ihra
ihrkofka LrU;a rr~ nksX/kzs es ee oRlL; thouk; nksfr AA
;nkfua oS lq/kkja nqekufegkfukS A
ve`ra rRdYi;rka oRlL; es thouk; AA 5AA
;Rlq/kkja nqekuekfuekfunsorkoa oS rfngkfukS nsokoe`ra
dYi;rka oRlL; ee thouk;sfr A
bna rs lkse doks.ka nqX/ka xO;a e/kqi;% A
lkSE;feneLrq is;a oRlL; es thouk; AA 6AA
gs lkse rs RonFkZfena xO;a xkslEcfU/ke/kq e/kqLFkkuh;a i;% nqX/ka
nqX/ok leirfefr ;kor~] rfnna is;a iku;ksX;a i;% lkSE;a
lkseikulkekuUndja lkSeuL;eLrq oRlL; ee thouk;sfr A
bea ek oRla /ksuo% lwifrr ekrj% A
dkea nqgkuk ve`ra i;% lU/kk lqoh;Ze~ AA 7AA
nSojkrnkZue~
255
gs /ksuoks ekrj% HkoR;% ve`ree`rl/keZoa i;% dkea ;FksPNa

euksjFka p nqgkuk% lR;% ekfeeeqikloa oRla lwifrr A lqoh;
czopZLdja i; lU/kksfr vu;k xoka lkfk/;a ;kprs A
xO;S% iquhr iquek /ksuo% iHkh jlS% A
ifo=ka iqu% i;lk fpja xkoks tho;r AA 8AA
gs /ksuo% iqu% xO;SjkReh;S% ifHkewZ=kko`Ri;ksnf/klifHk% jlSek
iquhr] gs xko% ifo=ka ixO;su iquhrefi iqu% mkj=kkfi fpja
tho;rsfr] vu;k ixO;sukReu% ifo=krka fpja thfora p ;kprs A
lkoa oRlsu nksX/;zks 3eka oRla j{kr ekrj% A
;qekURlk;eFk izkr#ik;krfeea LrU;S% AA 9AA
gs nksX/;zks ekrj% oRlsukReh;su lkoa lg fefyrk% lR;% HkoR;%
oRla Lodh;a lUra iq=kHkwra eka lk;a lU/;k;ka vFk iqu% izkr%
lU/;k;ka p ;qeku~ izR;qik;krfeea lsodtua LrU;S% i;ksfHk%
laj{krsfr A
xkoks es xO;a lqiwra ko;Urq rnk fnO;e~ A
i;ks oS lEizcks/k;s;ksfroL; nkZ;r~ AA 10AA
;Ri;% lRocq/;fHko/kZdxq.koa foL;kf[kyiziL; nkZ;no&
Hkkloa vkfnR;a T;ksfr% lEizcks/k;sr~ izdkk;sr~ rkkka lqiwra
Lor% ifo=ka xO;ekReh;a i;% xkoks ekrjks es enFk ko;fURofr(
256
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
xO;su i;lk thousu ifjkq)kUr%dj.kL; Lo;esokReT;ksfr%

izdkkr bfr A ^^vkgkjqk)kS lokqf)% lokq)kS /kzqok Le`fr%
Le`fryEHks loZxUz Fkhuka foizeks{k% A** bfr czk.ka pk=k Hkofr vu;k
vkReT;ksfrk% izcks/ka r=k dkj.khHkwra osoya lk fRooa i; ;kprs
rsu lokgkjkRlokqf)fjR;qDra Hkorhfr A
xkoks ekrj bfr nkpZe~
vkuqHq ke~
xO;a lwDra lee~
xkoks ekrj% ifo=kSeZs/;SoksZ jlS% izihrS% A
e`R;ks% leqiSfe lR;ee`rksgfeg iwr% AA 1AA
gs xkoks ekrj% o% ;qekoa es/;S% Lor% kq)S% vr ,o ifo=kS%
ifo=khdj.kleFkSZ% jlS% izihrS% lsforS% iwr% ifo=khrkjhjkUr%&
dj.kLlu~ vr ,oke`rkgfegkLeksosfLekso kjhjs e`R;ks%
ldkkkUej.kkhyknu`rRokRlR;ee`rRoa leqifS r izkikes hfr A ikukFk
xksew=kknhfu ixO;kfu lxzfg;u~ ,r;k% xk% izkFkZ;rs A
ljLoR;% lqifo=ka ew=ka fol`tr ee~ A
lkjLorfena ew=ka xO;a dYirka ihr;s AA 2AA
gs ljLoR;ks xko% lqifo=ka ifo=khdj.kleFk ew=ka ea enFk fol`tr(
nSojkrnkZue~
257
bfr ew=ka lxzfg;u~ izkFkZ;rs A vFk lkjLora ljLorhnsorkoa

rfnna lx`ghra xO;a xkslEcfU/k ew=ka ihr;s ikukFk dYirke~ &
vfLRofr( vusukskjk/kZpsZu rRlx`ghra xksew=kefHkeU=k;rs A
;}ks folà iqjhka kq)a Hkwr;s x`ghre~ A
bna lkSHkkX;eLeH;a xO;ekogrq fJ;e~ AA 3AA
gs xko% oks ;qekoa ;Riqjhka folà Hkofr k`)eUrfj{kLFka Hkwfeefi
mi;Z/kks HkkxifjR;kxsu e/;LFka rRiqjhka Hkwr;s ,;kZFk lx`ghra
Jhnsorkoa Hkofr( rfnna lkSHkkX;a loSZ;Z:ilkSHkkX;izna lr~ A
xO;a ;qeRlEcfU/k iqjhka fJ;a y{ehekogfRofr( vu;k xkse;a
lxzfg;u~ iwosZ.kk/kZpsZu lEizkF;Z mkjs.kk/kZpsZu lx`ghra
xkse;efHkeU=k;rs A
;}ks nqX/ka e;Ldja /ksuo% lkSE;ee`re~A
bna lkSeulk; u% i;% lkseekogrq AA 4AA
gs /ksuo% o% ;qekoa ;qX/ka e;Ldja lq[kdja lkSE;a lksensorkoa
vr ,o lR;xq.koa ve`ree`rl/keZoa rfnna i;% u% vLekoa
lkSeulk; locqf)izo`k;s vfHko`/;Fk lksea eulksf/knSora
pUelekogrq A vfLeUixO;s vku;fRofr A vu;k i;%
lx`kfHkeU=k;rs A
;fnfU;eFkks ,sUa xO;a nf/k u% laLre~ A
bUks cysu lefLekkn/kkrq iqu% izk.kku~ AA 5AA
258
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
gs xko% bfU;a p{kqjknhfU;:iizk.kkDR;uqxzkgde~ vFkks vfi p

,sUe~ bUnsorkoa ;O;a ;qeRlEcfU/k nf/ku% vLenFksZ laLre~
vkrusu ?kuhHkkoekikfnra vfLeu~ ixO;kFk lx`ghrs nf/k
bU% iz k .kkfns o rkcys u kReh;s u oS | q r s u rs t lk iq u jfi
izk.kkUizk.kdyk% lekn/kkrq lEiwj;fRofr( vu;k lLra n/;fHk&
eU=k;rs A
;}S rst mUefFkra xoka ?k`ra ewya okpke~ A
rnkfnR;su T;ksfrkk iqu% lPNrkfene~ AA 6AA
;nqUesfFkra n/k mUeFkukRleqfRFkra rst% rstLLo:ia ^^rstks oS ?k`re~**
bfr czk.ke=k Hkofr( ;k okpka & vkgra iszfjrLofjrkskkfjrkuka
ewya gsrqHkwra xoka ?k`ra oS izfl)a ^^rstkse;h oko~** bfr czk.ke~(
rfnnfeg ixO;s lx`ghra iqujkfnR;su T;ksfrkk lPNrkfefr(
vu;k ?k`refHkeU=k;rs A
ljLoR;ks ;k ve`rk vkiks fnO;k% ikoekU;% A
rkfHkjn~fHkfjes xO;k% lkoa iquUrq eka jlk% AA 7AA
;k vki% ljLoR;ksEcqlkr:ik fnO;k% o`s% iwo es?k:is.k fnfo
lafLFkrk% ve`rk% ve`rl/ke.;% ikoekU; vki% oqkS% lg fefyrk%
lR;% ioukhfyU;ks HkofUr A ^^,dokR;k nHkZfitys% iko;fUrA**
bfr czk.ka pk=k Hkofr( rkfHk% oqklfgrkfHkjn~fHk% oqkksnoS% lgsfr
;kor~ ( bes xO;k ew=kkn;% ijlk% eka iqufURofr vu;k oqklfgrk%
viksfHkeU=k;rs A
nSojkrnkZue~
259
xksH;% ljLoR;S fJ;S lksek;sUk; lfo=ks A

vn~H;ks HkwHkqZo% Lo% Lokgk tqgksE;xkS jlku~ AA 8AA
vxkS lafl)s ikoos xO;kUxkse=w kknhUijlkUoqkksnoS% lg lEesyusu
;FkksDrSeZU=kSjfHkefU=krku~ xokfnH;% lH;% vkokfgrnsorkH;ks
^^xkoks ekrj%** bR;kfnd;k izR;Sd;kpkZ HkqfjR;x;s Hkqo bfr bUk;
Lofjfr lw;kZ; leLrkfHk% iztkir;s Logk leirefLRofr tqgksfe
leiZ;kehfr A
xkoks oks ew=ka iqjhka ;nq nqX/ka nf/k li% A
ikodkUoks lkfueku~ izkkkfe iiwr;s AA 9AA
gs xko% o% ;qekoa ;Uew=ka iqjhka nqX/ka nf/k li% bfr izfl)a
rkuhekfu o% ;qeRlEcfU/ku% ikodkUijlkUiwr;s vkReu%
ifo=kkFk kq)Fk izkkkehfr A m% ikniwj.k% A gqrkofka
ixO;eu;k izkkkfr A
bna oks ozrsu jlS% ifHkxZO;S% iziwr% A
miSfe rilkfnR;a T;ksfroL; nkZ;r~ AA 10AA
gs xko% o% ;qekoa ozrus ;qeRlEcfU/kuk lsok:is.k rFkk ifHkxZO;S%
jlS% izirw % ifo=k% rilsf/krkjhjkUr%dj.kLlu~ rilk osoysu
foekZ:is.k foL; vf[kyizi:iL; lokZUrjkReu% lEcfU/k
nkZ;r~ izdkk;r~ vkfnR;a T;ksfr% T;ksfr%Lo:ifena izR;{keqiSfe
lk{kkRdkjs.k izkiksehfr A
260
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
;ks oS bfr kM`pe~ =kSqHke~

,sUa lwe~ vee~
;ks oS nsokuka izFke% ifo=kks fokHkwrkfu iz.k;R;tke~ A
vUrfj{ks ;% iors xyh;kfuUks foskka ifr% l e/;e% AA 1AA
ifo=kks nsokuka izFkeks T;sks ;ks oS fok lokZf.k HkwrkU;ta iz.k;fr
Los Los deZf.k pky;fr f;kkfukFkRokr~ A cfy;ku~ cyokj%
;% vUrfj{ks iors ok;q:i% l bU% ijeS;Zoku~ e/;eks
e/;eLFkkuks nsoks foskka losZkka ifrHkZorhfr A
;sg fn{kq nklq izokfr HkkfHk;ksZ nkfHko`Z.kqrs foe~ A
;ks oS lewGg~ ksUr#njsLekdfeUks foskka ifr% l e/;e% AA 2AA
bg Hkqous nklq fn{kq ; izokfr egkizk.kkRedok;q:i% ;ks
nkfHkHkkZfHk% nkfnxfHkeq[khfHknhZf/kfrfHkoa o`.krs foe/;&
orRokr~ ^^vEHkL; ikjs HkqouL; e/;s** bfr fuxeksU;ks=k HkofrA
bnesokikjeEHkks ;nUrfj{ke~ vfi p ;ks ok vLekdeqnjsUr%
lewg% ikpdkfx:i% v;eso oSkuj vkRek ikpdksfxHkZofr
;nL; fdj.kkseSo ipR;ke~ A ,rsu izFke e/;eL; foorZZ%
bR;qDra Hkofr A l bUks e/;eks foskka ifrfjfr A
;ks oS iqjLrknfHkr iz#nLrils g fuR;a txrka tus% A
vkReuf=kfena izklkj;fnUks foskka ifr% l e/;e% AA 3AA
nSojkrnkZue~
261
;ks oS iqjLrkRiwofZ LeUdkys lxkZnkofHkr% leUrr% rilk fuR;feg

vO;krs iz#nu~ kCnk;ekuks #k[;iz.ko:iks txrka tus#Rifkr%
vkReu% bna fp=ka fofo/kfodkjtkra izklkj;r~ A ^^cz.kLifr&
jsrklekZj bok/ker~ A nsokuka iwosZ ;qxslr% lntk;r A** bfr
eU=ko.kksZU;ks=k Hkofr A v;eso cz.kLifr;ZRiz.ko% l bUks
e/;eks foskka ifrfjfr A
;ks oS fnO;ks g tu;Rlekiks T;ksfrjkResg thols iqjk u% A
;kUr% i`fFkO;kfeg lewg bUks foskka ifr% l e/;e% AA 4AA
fnO;% ijes O;ksefu orZekuks T;ksfrT;ksrZ h:i% vkRekuksLekoa thols
thouk; iqjkiksjl:ik% bg txfr ltu;Rletu;r~( ;sg
i`fFkO;keUr% lewg lkZ.kkfx:i% l bUks e/;eks foskka ifr%(
g% ikniwj.k bfr A
;ks ok vx izfrfiRi`fFkO;ka jf;eUra lfeg ka xe/;S A
jk;ks nkkU;ks foL; Hkwr; bUks foskka ifr% l e/;e% AA 5AA
;ks ok bg i`fFkO;ka jf;eUrefxekgouh;kfn:ia ka xe/;S tukuka
lq[kizk;s lEizkfrfir~ ;ks foL; Hkwr;s jk;ks nkku~ l bUks
e/;eks foskka ifrfjfr A
; vkfnR;a oS fnoeUr:i/o izkjksg;RLo2T;ksZfrjkRekue~ A
ks foLeS Hkqouk; nsofeUks foskka ifr% l e/;e% AA 6AA
262
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
;% Lo% r`rh;Hkqou:ia T;ksfrT;ksZfreZ;ekRekua vkReu ,o foor

m/oZeq kee~ nsoekfnR;a oS foLeS Hkqouk; loZiiz kFksZ ks nkZuk;
vUrtZxUe/;s fo|ekuka fnoa izkjksg;r~ ( l bUks e/;eks foskka
ifrfjfr A
brhUlwe~
v=kses HkoUR;qilagkjyksdk%
vkksZ.k p{kqkk i;|k _pLri vkpju~ A
oSkfe=kks nSojkrks fokfe=k bokij% AA 1AA
rk bek vfrxEHkhjk% kq)k% ijeikouh% A
okflksUo;Hkk;s.k leyrokUeqfu% AA 2AA
bna ;ks euqrs /khjks uohua eU=knkZue~ A
xEHkhja nSojkrL; rL; u;fUr lak;k% AA 3AA
brhna okfleUo;Hkk;e~
dkO;d.BinykNuL; x.kirsHkkZ;xzUFksfona izFkee~
cz.kLifrfjR;kS nSojkrks cz.kLifrtZxrh
cz.kLIfrczZ.kkRetqgksfr
cz foskq Hkqousokfgra ;r~ A
nSojkrnkZue~
l bek fok HkqoukfHki;fr

l bna tKku% l m osn foe~ AA 1AA
cz.kLifrtZfurk tk;ekuks
fok czf.k /kefr lajjk.k% A
fnok i`fFkO;k ; bneUrfj{ks
cz.kLifr% l e cz.kk /ker~ AA 2AA
263
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
264
ekr`roizdkfkdk
izFke% iVy%
vuqoknr mikskr%
}k=kkUenys[kk% vkSf.kgs NUnfl
oUns Jhje.kksZjkpk;ZL; inkCte~ A
;ks esnkZ;nhka HkkUra /okUrerhR; AA 1AA
vuqoknrSo Lo;a jfprk xw<kFkZcksf/kU;k[;k fVIi.kh A
vnkZ ; r~ vUoHkko;r~ A u os oyeq i ns k es je.kk%
vfiRouqHkkof;rk psfr xqjkseZfgeksP;rs A
O;kp[;kojfoUnks ;)heku`fkjkXyss A
xksI;a foiekrqLroa fofgrSkh AA 2AA
_fk% vykSfddkFkZnkhZ mUehfyrfoKkup{kqfjR;FkZ% A ,rsu
xzUFkL;kfoi;ZLrKkuewydRoa iznkra Hkofr A
ekr`roizdkfkdk
265
rRi|Sjuo|SxSZokZ.;k ojok.;k A
rkRi; ifjxÙokflks foo`.kksfr AA 3AA
okfl% oflxks=kt% A rkRi; ifjxù~ u izfrinifjorZu}kjsR;FkZ% A
,rsu rkRi;ZL;kfojks/ksu ewyknf/koa U;wua okseuqokns cq/kS%
{kUrO;fefr /ofure~ A
;ksxhUkXyopksH;% iqisH;ks e/kq uhRok A
lx`kfr x.kskks xSokZ.khiVyskq AA 4AA
;ksxhUkXyopksH;% iqisH; bfr O;Lr:ide~ A ;ksxhUksjfoUn% A
xSokZ.khiVyskq xSokZ.;k% iVyk% xzUFkifjPNsnk ,o iVyk% {kkSiVyk
bfr fy:ide~ A v=k x.kskL; e/kqdfjRoa O;fefr ;Fkk
okP;kFkZed
s nsko r:ioa Hkofr A
HkO;a nkZuesrkO;a fokl[kk;% A
vk{khUeqfuukFkks ;PNhekujfoUn% AA 5AA
i;kZks eq[kcU/kks Kkrqa xzUFkxq#Roe~ A
,rkokuFk lEizR;k;keks fok;k; AA 6AA
uO;a nkZua izkphukuka k..kka iwjoa lefefr Hkko% A bna p
fok;lEcU/keuql`R; kknkZua oSksfkdnkZuor~ `lEcU/ke~
vuql`R;kjfoUnnkZua d.kknnkZuor~ A
266
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
prqO;wZgizLrko%
ekrq% kffokskkRokjks eguh;k% A
fnO;O;ffokskkRokjks x.kuh;k% AA 7AA
izk/kkU;suk;a izfoHkkxks u lkdY;susfr lwpf;rqa eguh;k bfr
foksk.ke~ A x.kuh;k% izkeq[;su fLFkrk bR;FkZ% A v=k ekrq% khjuw|
fnO;O;fRoa fo/kh;rs A foO;kikjdkfj.;ks egR;% k;ks
ukU/kk% vfirq fnO;O;fRofofkk bfr Hkko% A O;fRoa p
Kkuooe~ A ,rsu ewykDrs O;fRofofkrk /ofurk Hkofr A
vfU;psrus dFkekfu psrukfu Hkos;%q A rLekkL;ka iz;Dq ra ekrìna
eq[;kFkZokpdeso u xkS.kfeR;oxUrO;e~ A
;s nsO;k% lqegkUrRokjLruqcU/kk% A
mP;Urs p egn~fHkRokjksakfokskk% AA 8AA
nsO;k% fnO;Rofofkk;k ekrq% A lqegkUr% foHko% foHkqRoa p loZ=k
xfreRlkeF;Ze~ A vLenkfnkjhjcU/kkis{k;k oSy{k.;a |ksrf;rqfena
foksk.ke~ A ;s nsO;kLruqcU/kkLr ,o fnO;O;ffokskk bfr lkekuk&
f/kdj.;esok=k foof{kre~ A nsohewrhZuka foKkue;Rokkk ,o Lorks
KkuoR;ks HkoUrhfr lfr% A pdkjknqkjk/ksZfi ;s nsO;k bR;uq&
o`fk% A r=kkfi lkekukf/kdj.;a izkXor~ A mP;Urs egn~fHkfj&
R;usukfLeu~ fok;s izkphuklEer p Lekj;R;uqokndkj% A
^ês/kkfl nsfo fofnrkf[kykklkjk egkljLorh] nqxkZfl
nqxHZ kolkxjukSjlk egsjh] Jh% oSVHkkfjn;Sdrkf/koklk
ekr`roizdkfkdk
267
egky{eh%] xkSjh Roeso kfkekSfyrizfrk** egkdkyh A

bfr nqxkZlkR;ka kkfnLrqrkS HkxoR;kRokjksakk ,o fg
izk/kkU;su dhrrk% A
;Sjs kkf[kyHkrq;Z ksZ kk nqonoskk A
losZ kq izljUrh Loh;izkf.kx.kskq AA 9AA
;S}kZjk A nqonoskk izR;{ka loZ=k pjUR;fi yksoSjfoKkrsR;FkZ% A
Loh;izkf.kx.kskq Loh;Roa p izkf.kx.kkuka Loifj.kkeRokn}Sfruka
i{ks A lo tx.kks foor ek;k;k ifj.kkea onfUr }Sfru% A
ek;k pkfnkDrsukZfrfjP;rs A L;kkke rfk:i.kizdkjks fHkk%
ijh{kdk.kke~ A v;eso i{kks HkxorksjfoUnequjs fHkizrs bfr foKk;rs
;n;a lSokf[kyfeR;qkj=k o{;fr A
fofLefktlxkZUekxsZ pky;ekuk A
lR;kfgrdk;kZUoqokZ.kk fofojks/ke~ AA 10AA
futlxkZUl`k% inkFkkZ ,ok=k lxZkCnsuksP;Urs A ekxsZ pky;ekuk
fou;UrhR;FkZ% A fofojks/ka lR;kfgrdk;kZu~ lkejL;su dk;Z&
dkfj.k% A
izkKyk/;eta Loh;a kflge~ A
rkPNDR;uq:iO;kikjsouqkkfLr AA 11AA
Loh;a LokakHkwre~ A prl.kkfeokU;klka p khuka nsO;akHkwrRokr~ A
268
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vuqkkLrhfr okD;ifjlekf% A izljUrh pky;ekuk oqokZ.ksfr

foksk.kkfu pklekidkU;fi fo/ks;kU;sok=k HkofUr ukuqok|kfu A
ekrqekZgkHkkX;e~
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vakSnZkZ;rh;a LokRekua iqjrks u% AA 12AA
;|fi lSdk lefke~ A fHkkSjos O;fkeLekoa ifjfprk;ke~ A
d% l[;krqa tuU;k% kfO;ffoHkwrh% A
lEHkwrhjfi foO;kikja fon/kkuk AA 13AA
kfO;ffoHkwrh% ,oSdfLekaks oLrqrks foHkDrqekD;kukeI;klka
xq.krks foHkDrqa kD;RokRikFkZD;su funsZk% A lEHkwrh% izknqHkkZoku~
vorkjkfufr ;kor~ A
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,rskka Hkqoukuka losZkka p /kfj=kh AA 14AA
lk/kosH;ks ekr`Lo:iksinskkss ksu ;ka ekrsfr Hktke bR;kjEHk% A lk
fpr~ fpPNf:ik A
gUrSdkI;ferkakkukya ;keuqxUrqe~ A
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ekr`roizdkfkdk
269
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ekr`Lo:iLFkku;ks% dFkue~
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b;a Jhekrk ijeL; ijekReu% iz K kkfjihfr A ekrq %
Lo:iy{k.kfene~ A uuq izKkkf d fHkks mrkgks vfHkks A ;fn
fHkks ekrq% Lo:if}r;a L;kr~ A ;|fHkks y{k.ksU;rjL; oS;F;Ze~ A
uSk nksk% A oLrqr% izKkkksjHksnsfi dk;ZHksnkn~Hksnsu funsZk%
Lo;a iztkuUR;so lk ijeL; izKk Hkofr A Lo;a koqoUR;so lk
ijeL; kfHkZofr A vU;Fkk rL;k% ikFkZD;su O;fRofofkrk u
fl/;sr~ A l` s% ijLrkr~ f=kiknL;ke`ra fnohfr fuxeizfl)k;ka
fnohR;FkZ% A
ekrqxkz
Z RodFkue~
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[;krSeZw rfokskSHkkZLoRikouoskS% AA 17AA
[;krSewZrfokskS% egs;kZfnewrfokskS% A
d pkfLekjyksos roa nkZf;rqa Loe~ A
Lokhdkjferkuka fnO;izkHkoHkktke~ AA 18AA
270
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
roa nkZf;rqa Loa Lokhdkjferkuka vorj.kik=kHkwrRosu

fu/kkZfjrkuke~ A vuUrja Lokorj.kkfO;izkHkoHkktkfefr lfr% A
:ik.kkeu?kkuka O;kI;kH;ka lqfonkH;ke~ A
lRdeZi
z frH;ka fdfn~xkz xfr% L;kr~ AA 19AA
O;kI;kH;ka ifjfPNkkH;ke~ A lqfonkH;ka lqq oskqa kD;kH;ke~ A
lRdeZi
z frH;ka lfnfr deZi
z R;ks#Hk;ks foksk.ke~ A xzkxfr%
xzkizdkjk A ekrquR;foHkwr;ks egs;kZn;% rkstksakkfok
vorkjkLrq uSfefkdfoHkwr;ks HkofUr A rnqHk;}kjk ekrqnZfok;k
vfi xzkRofefr rkRi;Ze~ A
vkfnkDrsffo/kRoe~
fokrhreFkkf/kczk.Ma jeek.ke~ A
kkjhja p ijL;ks/kk:ieeq;k% AA 20AA
fokrhra loZ;izikrhra f=kikf}HkwfrLFkkus fnfo fojktekua
vkf/knSfodfefr ;kor~ A vf/kczk.Ma jeek.ka vkf/kHkkSfrdfeR;FkZ%
foL; HkwrsH;ksO;frjsdkr~ A vr ,o ^îknksL; lokZ Hkwrkfu** A
bfr fuxe% lPNrs A kkjhja thoe;a vk/;kfRedfefr Hkko% A
fon~eLrkU;u;k psnSD;a L;knuqHkwre~ A
fpPNDR;k Hkqoukuka thouka p /kfj=;k AA 21AA
ekr`roizdkfkdk
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fokrhrkf%
jktUR;L; ijLrkRlU/kks ijkf% A
fuR;kO;jgL;sus kL;kf[kylxZe~ AA 22AA
bZkL; fuR;eO;Dra ;gL;a rsu A
vf/kyksdkf%
kfHkkZUR;f/kyksoa lo oLrq l`tUrh A
fcHkzk.kk iqujUrLrL;kuqifz okUrh AA 23AA
rL; loZL; oLrqu% A
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khuka lj.khukeI;Eck fu;qrkfu AA 24AA
lj.khuka i)rhuke~ A
thoe;h kf%
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271
272
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
vL; egR;ks% kDR;ks% ;qxL; };L; lkeF;ZL; rRlEcfU/k

;RlkeF; rL;sfr A
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fnO;RoL; p eR;ZO;Drse/Z ;xrkLrs AA 26AA
rf}r;a vkf/knSfodkf/kHkkSfrdkf};a A fnO;RoL; nsoHkkoL;
eR;ZO;Drs% vkq)kgkje;k A
ekrq% dk;kZf.k
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fuR;s cz ija LoizKkus fun/kkfr AA 27AA
vkfneekrk ewykf% A
lSdkokl/kfj=kh lhekrhrcyL; A
lkfk/;L; p lwfjO;k[;kukU;frHkkr% AA 28AA
lw f jO;k[;kukfu vfrHkkr% vfrE; fojktekuL;
o.kZf;rqekD;L;sfr ;kor~ A vfuokZP;kuUnkogRok}.kZf;rqe~
vkD;Roe~ A lkfk/;L; leUrknifjgk;Z vko`.oa lfkdkZ%
lkfk/;feR;qP;rs A
ekr`roizdkfkdk
273
lk fcHkzR;tjkfHkO;DR;gkZf.k _rkfu A
vkgksfLoRizFk;Urh layhukfu jgL;s AA 29AA
kkR;UreuUrizk.kSkk [kyq rkfu A
LokRek[k.MfojktfkkstL;ork;Z AA 30AA
rsH;ks ;PNfr yksos kfRoa p kjhje~ A
;skke=k fodklk% oq;quZ
Zw ;qxkfu AA 31AA
vfHkO;DR;gkZ f .k vfHkO;f;ks X ;kfu A jgL;s la y hukfu
vlRdk;ZoknfujlkFkZfe;eqf% A _rkfu lR;:ikf.k A fcHkzrh
dkys iz d Vf;rq e ~ A vkgks f Lor~ iz F k;Urh iz d V;Urh
vfHkO;t;Urhfr ;kor~ A O;ofLFkrfodYiks ;e~ A
dkfufpnfHkO;tf;rqekRefu fcHkzrh dkfufpnfHkO;t;Urhfr A
LokRek[k.Mfojktfkkstfl vkSfpR;kf}kakO;ks r=kSokorkj.kL;
lEHkokr~ A
kjhja lw { ea fnO;a iz d j.kkr~ A ,rs u yks d =k;s . k ns O ;k%
lR;:ikorkj.kizdkj% lkekU;r m% A
vL;ka oLrqija rRLihHkw; foHkkfr A
lfkRlEen:is.kkPNksu lnkfi AA 32AA
lnkI;kPNksu fuR;eukoj.ksu A lfkRlEen:is.k lfknkuUn:is.k A
274
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
ixhr;% vk;kZtkfrHksnk%
bZjkf}Srk }SrKkukReuk r;k O;e~ A
rRlRiq#kizfr}SrfulxkZReuk p Hkqouskq AA 33AA
rr~ izkxqDra lr~ ija oLrq A r;k ek=kk }kjk bZjkf}SrKkua r;ks%
ikFkZD;su O;feokr~ A v}SrKkua rq r;ks% Lo:is.kkHksnkr~ A fpnso
qHk;ks% Lo:ie~ A /keHkwrk fpnhj% /keZHkwrk kffjfr A
iq#kizfr}SrfulxZLrq psrutMfoHkkxewyd% A
ewr djksfr p txRd{;klq leLrnsorkLofi lk A
rPNfofi ekrk rnewr oLrqfp=kpkfj=kk AA 34AA
,kq Hkqouskq ;|k ijks{kskq Hkkfr Hkqouskq A
rkn~HkwRoky{;r r}LrqegkizHkkorLrL;k% AA 35AA
txRd{;klq vke;kfnkq A leLrnsorklq bUkfnkq A rPNfkq
bUk.;kfnkq A ewr ewrer~ A
rkr~ rkwifeR;FkZ% A ,dfLekso ijfLeUoLrqfu egkfp=kQyos
vkfnkf% fofo/kkukdkjku~ fofo/kkfu p :ikf.k fpf=krorhfr
yksd};kFkZ% A
lo yhyk rL;k% lkoa ijes.k fdefi [ksyUR;k% A
lo ijL; xksI;izdkkua Hkofr psfra rL;k% AA 36AA
ekr`roizdkfkdk
275
uk;a ijL; oLrqu% ifj.kke% A vf/kkuek=ka fg rkxr% loZL; A

rnkJ;k% losZfi txfk=kfoyklk% kfdk;ZfeR;qDra Hkofr A
psfra ms;a ijL; xksI;izdkkua fo/ks;e~ A
loZfenen~Hkqrkuka izdVueu;k ra izi.w kZL; A
lSokf[kya ;nsrSO;k vaksu Hkofr fpPNDrs% AA
iziw.kZL; vn~Hkqrkuka izdVufefr Hkko% A lSo vf[kya lo txnfi
kf:ifefr Hkko% ijL; oLrq u % QydLFkkuh;Rokr~ A
kffoyklL; fp=kLFkkuh;okk ^^rkn~ H kw R ok y{;r**
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gsrfw % A txrfPNDR;qiknkudRoksDR;k HkxorksjfoUnequs%
lk[;kuka tMizfrdkj.kokn% rkddk.kke.kqdkj.kokn
ukfHkerkfofr Lia xE;rs A l`flR;RodFkuk}SR;sdnsfkuka
n`fl`foknks ckS)kuka foKkuokn ukL;kfHkerkfofr p Lia Hkofr A
gfj.kh vR;fPNUnfl
fdefi u HkoPND;a ekrk fofufuqrs u;r~
ijeiq#kks foKa ;k pkI;uqeU;rs A
fdefi u HkosIw ;EcSkk u;f}Hkqpksfnrk
?kV;fr futkuUns chtkReuk u p oh{krs AA 38AA
bfr izFke% iVy%
276
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
dnkfpUek=kk fufra ijes.k fujLr L;kfnfr u HkzferO;e~ A

ijeL;kk;kukeso ekrfj izfrfcfEcrRokr~ A futkuUns vkuUnL;So
loZltZdRokk=k ?kVue~ A u p oh{krs fdekdkja d :ia d xq.ka
ok l`tkehfr oh{kk=k cks/;k A :ihR;qiy{k.ka xq.kkUrjk.kkefi A
bfr izFkeiVyL; fVIi.kh
f}rh;% iVy%
foHkqr% izfs kref[kya tkra fuf[kykfrxfutlafoPNDR;k A
ifj.ke;Urh Hkqouk/;{kk LojfprHkqoukU;uqfokrh;e~ AA 1AA
lfkf/kjL;kSrU;su izencykH;kefi lEiw;Z A
/kkj;rs rkU;f[kykU;skka ;kfu fouk u LFkkrqa kf% AA 2AA
cwze% izr ;ka o;eskk cka fdu :ia rL;k% A
lUrreqfT>rfuk ls;a fuoZgrhg leLra dk;Ze~ AA 3AA
kh% lj.khjfi lk O;w izHoh lejlHkkokRd=khZ% A
vkrUokuk rkRizfrO;kikjka izsj;ek.kk AA 4AA
qa kD;s ifjHkksDrqa ok ;ksX;s izHkofr thforqeFkok A
vf[kys O;s HkO;pfj=kk xw<exw<a ok ljfr AA 5AA
ekr`roizdkfkdk
277
rkntk.Ms;kZ% kDrsj.Ma rkhyk Hkofr A

lk fokfrxekrqO;Zfoe;h i`Fkxtjk r=k AA 6AA
,oSdksfi p yksdLrL;k bZf{kr bZ{kkyflrs Hkofr A
lqkekkfe;s fn fo/k`rks tfur egR;eykuUns AA 7AA
vI;fokskknsdizrkS l`koL;ka c% d{;k% A
nSO;k% kDrs% lEizljUR;k% lksikuinkfu HkoUR;L;k% AA 8AA
;n~Hkkxko;eL; folxZL;kxzs lfkRlEen:ik% A
yksdk% lfUr Jhekrk ;soko`frjfgrk fuR;k ylfr AA 9AA
HkwrkU;f[kykU;sofodk;sZ foeySdRos iw.kZRos p A
thofUr pjfUr p fuf[kykEckckgqPNk;k foJkUrkfu AA 10AA
foKkue;k v/k ,H;ks u LRoufr nfok yksdk% lfUr A
foKkukRek focq/kksikL;k egrh kfLrskq foHkkfr AA 11AA
lk fnO;k;k% loZKk;k bPNkkDrsohZ; Hkofr A
KkuL; p foHkqu% izfrdk; fl)L; fouk Jeyskefi AA 12AA
losZfi p rskq O;kikjk% lR;L; ine.kkU;so A
lo Hkwra eglks fnO;L;kRekkfnsZga pSkq AA 13AA
278
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
Hkksxk% losZ rskq rjk% lkUkijor vkuUnL; A

vFkok foeyksrfLoU;ks xEHkhjk mr ikjkokjk% AA 14AA
vkizk.keukse;yksdk vLekoa fRog oklLFkkus A
Kkufo;qk ewykfyrk% dkeefo|kefyuk% lfUr AA 15AA
rskkeskk i`fFkoh rq fdeI;FkZO;tdek;rua L;kr~ A
fu.kkZ;di)fresrL;k% i;ke% ldya ifj.kkee~ AA 16AA
relkPNkkR;UreiDok cgqyDyskkI;skk fHkz;rs A
txrka ek=kk lSrka u;fr izsj;ek.kk xw<ka [kxfre~ AA 17AA
lR;a Hkoua lR;a thoueu?ka T;ksfroKkuk[;e~ A
yksosfLekorkjf;rO;a lqrjka HkO;a ;nqifj Hkkfr AA 18AA
uhpSjd
s r bg fojr% lUHkkSfrdoLrqfu cks/kfoghus A
thoizk.kLokUrksnH~ ksnknU;r vkRekuUR;k :<% AA 19AA
vojks<qa iqujkjks<qa p }s/kk fl)fRd{;kRek A
lksikuiFkizfreks ;ks;a e;kZnkecU/kks fnO;% AA 20AA
vu;ks#Hk;kse/Z ;LFkkua fp=kfu/kkua ekrk/;kLrs A
kfjfo|ke;Hkqoukuka f=kfo/kkukefi lef/kk=kh AA 21AA
vleke~
kkjhjdehekalk fVIi.kh
279
kkjhjdehekalkfVIi.kh
eykpj.ke~
txnsrnukjra ipUra egrksLeknfi iqdjkUegkUre~ A
rilk fu#ikf/kos u xE;a ijekRekueuUrehkehMs AA
xq#Lro%
d#.kklgdkfjDizHkkfHk% frfejk.;q)frefUr qgklq A
inin~etqkkeikgjUra HkxoUra je.ka xq#a uekfe AA
xzUFkkorj.ke~
Jqfrdkskxetua n/kkus HkxoPNajiknlw=kHkk;e~ A
Hk.k Hkkjfr es foe`; roa u fokkykf{k HktLo ekSueqke~ AA
izFkeekfde~
Hkk;e~ & ^^rFkkI;U;ksU;fLekU;ksU;kRedrkeU;ksU;/kekk/;L;srjs&
rjk foosos u] vR;Urfofo;ks/kZe/Z ke.kkseF;kKkufufek% lR;ku`rs
feFkquhR;] vgfena eesnfefr uSlxdks;a yksdO;ogkj%AA**
280
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
fVIi.h & kjhjkReuksjsok;a ijLijk/;klthorksfo|kewyd% A u

txnkReuksjhjr% A vU;FksjL; cU/kRoizlkr~ A bZjs txn&
/;L;r bfr p uk/;klHkk;n;e~ A ijLijk/;klL;So izLrqr&
Rokkxrhjcq)sjfi feF;kKkuRokiks% A o{;fr JqfrrkRi;Z&
fu.kkZ;d% lw=kdkj% A rnuU;RoekjEHk.kkCnkfnH; bfr A
thoL;kl`Rokk thoksiknkuoa kjhjfefr r;ks% ijLijk/;klks
feF;kKkufufek ,o L;kr~ A ukLekfHk#P;rs ;noxrthosjSD;&
HkkoL; loZ=k txrho ifjfPNkkfHkekujfgrkRecqf)% lksI;&
/;kl bfr A i`FkxfHkekfu ,osna izdj.ke~ A
lR;a dky=k;sI;ck/;a fpwie~ A vu`ra rf}y{k.ke~ A
vLRogfenfefr kjhjkjhfj.kks% ijLijk/;klks feF;kKkufufek% A
dFka eesnfefr r;ks% izR;{klEcU/kks/;kli{ks LFkkI;rs A u A
v=ksnEinL; Hkk;kZiq=kkfnijRokPNjhj vkRek/;klL;Sok;a izi% AA
Hkk;e~ & ^^vkg & dks;e/;klks ukesfr A mP;rs & Le`fr:i%
ij=k iwoZ koHkkl% AA**
fVIi.kh & v=k y{;s ij=k izR;xkRefu iwoZkuka LolEcU/kRosu
izkxuqHkwrkuka kjhjsfU;izk.kkUr%dj.kkuka O;Lrkuka leLrkuka
okoHkkl% kjhjkfnRosu u izR;xkReuks xzg.kfefr ;kor~ A ,k
fokf;f.k fok;k/;kl% A ij=k kjhjsfU;izk.kkUr%dj.kskq O;Lrskq
leLrskq ok iwoZ L; iwoZega izR;;xkspjRosu x`ghrL;kReuks&
oHkkl% A ,k fok;s fok;/;kl% A mHk;Fkkfi Qfyra rqY;e~ A
281
ij=k czf.k iwoZ L; txrksoHkkl bfr ukfLeUizjd.ks y{;e~ A

yksdO;ogkjfl)L; fokf;.k% thoL;sg izrRokr~ A fokf;f.k
Dofpkhos loZL; txrks/;kl bfr u lEHkofr A vfo|korks
thoL;So txRdkj.kRokiks% A u pskifk% A rFkk lrhj&
okfnU;Jqr;ks ck/;sju~ A lw=kdkj ck/;sr tUek|L; ;r bR;kfn
?kq;u~ A Hkk;dkjksfi ukuqowy% L;kk}k[;kuLFk% A thoL;
cz.kksO;frfjRoknfojks/k bfr psk A ?kVkdkkL;kdkkkn~
vO;frfjRofefr rL; dks ok loZxzgu{k=kk;ruRoa cwz;kr~ A ;s
uke loZFksjl` fujkR; rRijk.kka Jqfrlw=kHkk;k.kka O;ogkjk&
/khurka dYi;Urs vkReHkzeeso loZtxUewyekp{krs A rUers loZ=k
txfr LoO;frfjkuka thokukeI;Ur% ikfrRos u iz l T;s r
rskkeu`rRoe~ A ,oa p bZjL; kS LokReuksI;u`rRoa u fuokjf;rqa
kD;e~ A rFkk p lqUnksilqUnU;k;su loksZPNsn% izl% A
fokf;.kksU;nkReLo:ie~ A rkSoa lokZuqxra lokZfrfjfefr
psr~ A bnehji;ZUresokuq/kkoue~ A rLe Hkzeks uksii|rs A
fuR;eqRokkL; A rLekr~ Hkzeks nq%[kgsrks% lalkjL;So ewye~ A u
txr% A ek;k rq u Hkze% lk p fofp=kk kf% brjskka HkzeeqRikn;fr A
HkzeoUr% lalkfj.kks thok% A ek;koh ijesj% A b;r ,o rq ek;kL;
txrks ewye~ A rL;k% lforq% kfRokr~ A
Hkk;e~ & ^û pSrfLeu~ loZfLeklR;lL;kReu% izekr`Roeqi&
i|rs A**
fVIi.kh & v=k izekr`Rokuqiifk izekr`RokfHkekukuqiifk% A
,rsukoxrLoLo:isI;kReU;Ur%dj.kL; izekr`Roa u fufk/;rs A
282
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
rnk fujfHkeku% lk{kh Lo;a L;kr~ A ,rsu thoUeqkuke`kh.kka

fl)knhuka yksdO;ogkjks O;k[;kr% A vU;Fkk thoUeqkuka
loZO;ogkjksPNsnkifk% A bZjL; p A ;|I;l vkRek rFkkfi
rkstksuqx`ghrRoa lfkdkkZnUr%dj.kL; u fo#/;rs O;f&
leks% A rf}|k;kefo|k;ka p rqY;e~ A
Hkk;e~ & ^^kkh;s rq O;ogkjs ;|fi cqf)iwod
Z kjh ukfofnRokReu%
ijyksdlEcU/kef/kf;rs rFkkfi u osnkUros|ekuk;k|rhreisr&
cz{k=kkfnHksnelalk;kZReroef/kdkjsis{krs AA**
fVIi.kh & kkh; O;ogkjks fof/kfuks/kfok;dks=kkfHkizrs % A fujfHk&
ekus ;qxinqHk;skka oq.BRoe~ A uSrkork fufk)dekZpj.kkifk% A
rskkeI;fHkekuewydRokr~ A vFk dFka lRdekZpj.kkhyk
voxrkRerok% A kq)L;kUr%dj.kL; reH;kla onke% A
bfr JhHkxoe.kkUrsokfluks okflL; ujlglwuksx.Z kirs% iz.khrkS
fokkyk{;ka kkjhjdehekalkfVIi.;ke/;klHkk;foyksdua uke
izFkeekfde~ AA
f}rh;ekfde~
Hkk;e~ & ^ôsnkUrehekalkkkL; O;kfp[;kflrL;snekfnea
lw=ke~ A**
283
lw=ke~ & vFkkrks czftKklk A 1- 1- 1

fVIi.kh & rfnna lw=kxzUFkL; uke Hkk;dkjlEera osnkUrehekalsfr
LoxzUFkL; kkjhjdehekalsfr ;Fkkseqikskrs A
Hkk;e~ & ^^r=kkFkkCn vkuUr;kZFkZ% ifjx`rs A ukf/kdkjkFkZ% A
czftKklk;k vuf/kdk;ZRokr~ A**
fVIi.kh & ;|fi ftKklkinL; ehekalk;keqipfjrkFkZRosu
uksigluh;ef/kdkjkFkZRoa rFkkfi eq[;kFkZifjxzg.ks;eqf% A
dkfkdkdkjers rq rqY;kFkZRoeso ftKklkehekalkin;ks% A ;r~ iBfr
ok roa ekustKklk;kfefr Hkk;s ifBre~ A vH;qixra pSrr~
dkS e q | ke~ A rUers kkjhjdeheka l kos n kUreheka l kin;ks fi
rkf}pkjijRo mipfjrkFkZRoa LohdrZO;e~ A ;fn oqkykfninkuka
fuiq.kkfnfoo A ehekalkinL; fopkjks :f<xzg ,oefi ftKklkinL;
rnFkZRoa yk{kf.koa u fuok;Zrs A oLrqrLRokuUr;kZFkZokfnukfi
fopkji;ZUreuq/kkoua drZO;e~ A Qyi;ZUrk;k bPNk;kLrrks&
O;frjsdkr~ A bPNkek=kL; lk/kulEiks% izkxfi lEHkokr~ A
vf/kdkjkFkZdRos kkdkjdr`ZdRoa fopkjL; A vkuUr;kZFkZdRos
rngkZFktudr`RZ ofefr foksk% A vk|s i{ksr bR;=k lkoZfoHkfd&
Lrfly~ A vf/kf;rsfLeu~ xzUFks czehekalsR;FkksZ Hkofr A
Hkk;e~ & ^^lfr pkuUr;kZFkZRos ;Fkk /keZftKklk iwoZo`ka osnk&
/;;ueis{krs fu;esu A ,oa czftKklkfi ;RiwooZ ` ka fu;esukis{krs
r}O;e~ A Lok/;k;kuUr;ZUrq lekue~ A**
284
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
fVIi.kh & /keZL; pksnuky{k.kRokRiq#kL; pkSifuknRoknqHk;=kkfi

rqY;eisf{kre/;;ukuUrjfeR;FkZ% A uuq rkokusok=kkI;LRoFkZ bfr
psr~ A /keZinL; osnkFkZek=kksiy{k.kRoehR; iwo.Zs kSo xrkFkZRokiks%
ifjgjfr Hkkerh A fokkyk{kh i;fr ;|I;/;ukuUr;
czfopkjsI;isf{kra rFkkfi u rkoUek=ks.k rkFkZrk A vU;Fkk&
/;;uL;kuUrja /keZczfopkj;ks;qZxinkiks% A vfLRofr psk A
ijLijfojksf/kRok|Fkk izifra Hkk;s A uSrus ;FkkH;klekp;Zek.kL;
ljfgrL; /keZL; u czfopkjizfrowyRoeqDra Hkofr A
/keZfopkjL;So kjhjk|fHkekulkis{kRokr~ czfopkjfojksf/kRoe~
b;rs A czfopkjL; p lokZfHkekufucgZ.kRokr~ /keZfopkj&
fojksf/kRoe~ A
Hkk;e~ & ^ûfUog dekZocks/kkuUr; foksk% AA**
fVIi.kh & v;a iwo%Z i{kks fuLlkj% A dekZocks/kknuUrja dekZpj.kL;So
izl% A u czfopkjL; A vocks/kek=ks.k deZ.kkexrkFkZRokr~ A
,rsu iwoksZkjehekal;ksjsdkkRoa fo[;kre~ A vij vkg A
dekZpj.kkuUr;ZeFkkCnkFkZ% A dekZpj.ka fouk fpkL; kq)s%
laLdkjL; okuqiikr;k czfopkjk{keRokr~ A uSrf}pkjlge~ A
vuuqfrkfxgks=kkfndeZ.kkefi LoHkkor% l}`korka fpkkq)s&
nZkZukr~ A brj% izkg% A _.k=k;kikdj.kkuUr;ZEkFkkCnkFkZ% A
_.k=k;eikR; euks eks{ks fuosk;sfnfr Le`frjsoa fg /ourhfr A
v=kksP;rs A _.k=k;kikdj.kkuUrjefi u lalkjs exks Hkosr~ A vfirq
eks{ks euksfuosk;sfnR;so Le`rLs rkRi;Ze~ A u rq ;ks eks{ks euks fuosk;sr~
rsu izkxo;e`.k=k;eikdrZO;fefr A vH;qixUrO;a pSrnsoe~ A
285
vU;Fkk Hkhekqdknhukeuf/kdkfjRoizlDrs% A ijs Hk.kfUr A

lRdeZo`k;ksO;ZLr;ks% leLr;ksokZ QyHkwrk;kfkkq)sjuUrje~
bR;FkkCnkFkZ% A rsu iwoksZkj;ksLrU=k;ksjsdosnizLFkku;ks% du
lEcU/kksfHkfgr% L;kr~ A deZo` k;ks#Hk;ksjfi rqY;a pksnuky{k.kRokr~
o`ka p /keZfoksk% A lqxeRokkL;krsfi fokskfopkjs rnfi
lkekU;rks y{k.ks lx`ghra Hkxork iworZ U=krk A vkckY;fl)k
fpkq k f)Lrq iw o Z i q . ;L; dk;Z f efr kkcyknuq e h;rs A
ekHkw)eZKku;ks;kSZxi|su leqfkr;kseksZ{kgsrqRoe~ A iwoZL; rnkuh&
UruL; ok /keZL; yskrksI;Hkkosfi czfopkj{keklk/kuprq;&
lEifk#iikk L;kfnfr dks ok oDrqa koq ;kr~ A uuq czohfk fpkkq)
/keZQyHkwrka izko~ A bg iqu% lk/kuprq;lEifke~ A ck<e~ A ls;a
fpkkqf)uZ lk/kuprq;lEiksnZfok A kq)fpkkO;frjsdk}SjkX;&
kenekfnlEikL; A eqeq{kqRoa p oSjkX;ewydfefr u r=k
lEHkofr A vfofoP; kjhjknsjfuR;kfkR;ekRekua dks ok /kekZpj.ks
J)koku~ Hkosr~ A iw.kkZfo|kfuo`fkukZ=k foosd% A lfr rfLekya
czfopkjs.k A vkRek fuR;% kjhjkfndefuR;fefr fu;ek=ka
fuR;kfuR;oLrqfoosd% A rLekfkR;kfuR;oLrqfoosdorkeI;/;klks
ks u fo#/;rs A ,oa fpkkq)kuUr;kZFkZdRoa Qyrks Hkk;dkj&
L;kI;fo#)fefr A ;|I;sk i{kks je.kh;LrFkkfi lkS=kinkFkksZ u
Hkofr A czftKklk;k% iwoZHkk;Rosu Jqfrizek.kkoxrL;Sok=kk&
/;kgk;ZRolEHkokr~ A JqfrrkRi;Zfooj.k:iRokr~ lw=kk.kke~ A
uUoU;Fkkfi ;rs A rskka osoya ifjgkj:iRokPN f rizek.kfu.khZr&
fl)kUrikskdRoeso A lokq)kS /kzqok Le`frfjfr okD;Urq
fo|kH;kl<hdj.kLFka uk=kkf{ka L;kr~ A ,oa dekZocks/kkuUr;ksiZ &
yf{krk% iwosZ i{kk% losZ O;k[kkrk% A
286
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
Hkk;e~ & ^^fuR;kfuR;oLrqfoosd% bgkeq=kkFkZQyHkksxfojkx%

kenekfnlk/kulEir~ A eqeq{kqRoa p A rskq fg lRlq izkxfi /keZ&
ftKklk;k m/o p kD;rs cz ftKkflrqa Kkrqa p A u foi;Z;s A
rLeknFk kCnsu ;Fkkslk/kulEi;kuUr;Zeqifn;rs AA**
fVIi.kh & uUo=k dk Jqfr;ZFkkslk/kulEiksczZftKklk;k%
iwoZHkkfoRos izek.ke~ A rLekPNkUrks nkUr mijrfLrfr{kqJ)kfUorks
HkwRokReU;sokRekua i;sfnfr Jqfre=kksnkgjke% A uUo=k kenekfn&
lk/kulEins o lx` g hrk Hkofr A rkons o kyeLekde~ A
cksfU;kUr%dj.kfuxzg:iorks% kene;ksok;oSjkX;a fouk&
lEHkoknkeqfedkFkkZkklRosI;qijrsjuqiiks oSjkX;euqeI;=k
lx`ghra Hkofr A ;Fkk JqrroJ)k;ka fuR;kfuR;oLrqfoosd%
lxz k % A eq e q { kq R oiq j %ljRok|Fkk Jq r roJ)k;ka
fuR;kfuR;oLrqfoosd% lxzk% A eqeq{kqRoiqj%ljRok|Fkk
Jqriq#kkFkZJ)k;kLrL; i`FkxufHk/kkusfi u gkfu% A JqR;FkkZul
q kjs.k
kenekfnlk/kulEinks uUrjfeR;s o oO;s Hkk;s
rRlwfprkukeU;skka p xzg.ka izikFkZe~ A uUo=kkRenkZuiwoZ&
HkkO;Roeso keknhukeqP;rs u ftKklkiwoZHkkO;Rofefr psr~ A uk;a
nksk% A vkRenkZua pkReKkukkkfrfjP;rs A rk y{k;fr ftKklkeso
Loi;ZUrke~ A ftKklkinL; p fopkjkFkZdRoeokspke A Qyi;ZUr&
Kkufok;osPNk fopkjesoksiy{k;fr A bPNkek=kL;kuqi;ksxkfnfr A
Hkk;e~ & ^^loZL;kReRokk czkfLrRoizflf)% A loksZ kRekfLrRoa
izR;sfr A u ukgeLrhfr A ;fn fg ukRekfLrRoizflf)% L;kr~ A loksZ
yksdks ukgeLehfr izrh;kr~ A vkRek p cz A**
287
fVIi.kh & ufUona uksii|rs A ukukRoknga izR;f;uka rskka losZkka

loZKRoloZkfRotxR`RokfnoSHkoizl% A uSrnLekoa
n;e~ A vgEinkFkZL; losZkkesdL;kReu vkuUnL; PNkk;;k
izfrkjhja foKkukyEcu% i`FkDi`Fkfxokga izR;;% lEHkofr A foKkua
pkuUnL; loZkL; lw{ek izkrrstksfoksk% ;Fkk LFkwys kq lw;LZ ;
jfe% A l pkga izR;;ks foKkukn~Hkw;ksuq/kkofr eu% izk.kkjhjkf.k A
,oa lrhgkgaizR;;ewyesokRek czRosu izn;Zrs Hkxork Hkk;&
rk A vkRek ok bnesdesokxz vklhr~ A lksf.kek l vkRek A
rLek}k vkReu vkdkk% lEHkwr% A v;ekRek cz A bR;k|k%
Jqr;kRekCnsu cz O;ogjfUr A vga czkLehfr okD;a
pk=kksnkgrZO;e~ A Hkwefo|k;ka Jw;ek.kkogkjkReknskkS pk=k
Hkor% A
Hkk;e~ & ^^vfLr r}frfj bZj% loZK% loZkffjfr osfpr~ A
vkRek l HkksDrqfjR;ijs A**
fVIi.kh & r}frfjLrLekRlalkfj.kks thokn~fHkk bR;FkZ% A bna
thosjikFkZD;okfnuka ere~ A LoerRosukRek l HkksDrqfjfr A l
loZK% loZkfjhjks HkksDrqoKkukReuks thoL;kReLo:ia ror
bfr Hkko% A bneqkj=k lE;fXopk;Zrs A
bfr JhHkxoe.kkUrsokfluks okflL; ujlglwuksxZ.kirs%
iz.khrkS fokkyk{;ka kkjhjdehekalkfVIi.;ka ftKklkf/k&
dj.kfoyksdua uke f}rh;ekfde~
288
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
r`rh;ekfde~
Hkk;e~ & ^^d y{k.ka iquLrsR;r vkg Hkxoku~ lw=kdkj% A**
lw=ke~ & tUek|L; ;r% 1- 1- 2
fVIi.kh & dks;a Hkxoku~ lw=kdkj% A cknjk;.k bR;kgq A l p
.k}Sik;u bR;sos A HkkxorknkS rL; cknjk;.kinsukfi O;ogj.kkr~ A
lw=kk.kka rnh;Rosu izfl)s A ;r vkgq% A irtystfZS eus O;klL;
dfiyL; p A d.kknL;k{kiknL; nkZukfu kMso ghfr A ijs rq
}Sik;ukn;eU; ,osR;kgq% A }Sik;u% ijkkjiq=k% kfikS=k bfr
dFk;fUr A v;a rq cnjL; ;qokiR;a cknjs% iq=k bfr ukek xE;rs A
,rUers .k}Sik;ucknjk;.kkoqHkkofi O;klinkkSA rLek&
lw=kk.kka O;kllw=kRoizflf)fjgkI;qiikk L;kr~ A
Hkk;e~ & ^^vL; txrks uke:ikH;ka O;klrL;kus d &
dr`ZHkksDr`la;qL; izfrfu;rnskdkyfufek& f;kQykJ;L;
eulkI;fpUR;jpuk:iL; tUefLFkfrHka ;r% loZKkRloZkDrs%
dkj.kkn~Hkofr rsfr okD;ksk% A**
fVIi.kh & vusddr`ZHkksDr`;qDrL;kusdtho;qL; A bna ukukRoa
dk;kZUr%ikfrRoa p thokuka foKku:iRokfHkizk;s.k A Lo:ia Rosoa
cz.kksO;frfjfefr u rn=k y{;e~ A loZKkRloZkDrsfjfr
Hkk;dkjs.kklnH;L;ekua cz uSdkUrrks fuokskfefr cks/k;fr A
vLrq rfkokska :ikfnHkkSfrdfodkjkleok;kr~ A ,rnso
289
<;kqkj=kkfi o{;fr ;Fkksfoksk.kehja eqDRosfr A

Hkk;e~ & ^^JqR;kn;ksuqHkokn; ;Fkk lEHkofeg izek.ke~ A
vuqHkokolkuRokn~HkwroLrqfok;Rokk czKkuL; A**
fVIi.kh & ;Fkk ;Fkkokkpfjra deZ cq)efi u iq#kkFkkZ;
Hkosnos euuqHkwra cz fopk;Zek.keihR;FkZ% A vuqHko izrhP;k k
Lo:ilk{kkRdkj% A ,rsu kkizek.kcq)y{k.kefi czkuqHkwfri;ZUra
fopkj.kh;e~ A rnSo inkFkZlfkdksZ :ikfn Kkufeo czKkua
fl/;rhfr Hkko% A lk pkuqHkwfrjfuokZP;keqek=kos|k:ikfn&
jfgrRok.k%A rkehnkuhUruk vuqHkfouks fnek=ks.kSoa o.kZ;fUr]
vkReu% lgtfLFkfr:isfr Hkxoku~ je.k% A v[k.MkfHkeku:isfr
dikyh A loZfodYikHkko:isfr ojkg% A fokkyk{kh rq i;fr
fuR;kUrjTokyk:isfr A
Hkk;e~ & ^^rL; p fu.kZ;okD;a & ^vkuUnk)so [kfYoekfu Hkwrkfu
tk;Urs A vkuUnsu tkrkfu thofUr A vkuUna iz;UR;fHklafokUrhfr*A**
fVIi.kh & riLrirk Hk`xq.kk rrks txkUekfndkj.kRosukuUnks
cq)% A rLekRija czkuUn:ifeR;FkZ% A
bfr JhHkxoe.kkUrsokfluks okflL; ujlglwuksxZ.kirs% rkS
fokkyk{;ka kkjhjdehekalkfVIi.;ka y{k.kHkk;foyksdua uke
r`rh;ekfde~
290
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
prqFkZekfde~
lw=ke~ & kk;ksfuRokr~ 1- 1- 3
Hkk;e~ & ^^vL; egrks HkwrL; fuflresr|XosnkfnJqrs% A**
fVIi.kh & us;ehjL; lk{kk}sndkj.kRoa LFkkif;rqa izHkofr Jqfr% A
r=k u osoya osnkuka osnkUrkuka psjfuflrRoeqe~ A vfi rq
yksdlw=kO;k[;kukuqO;k[;kukuka p A loZL;kfi oke;L;
ijesjL; fuflrRoa r=kksDra Hkofr A r=k oskkfr~ lk{kkr~
oskkfRijEij;k psjRofefr O;k[;krqa izek.kkUrja e`X;a L;kr~ A
bneLrq izek.ke~ A rLek|KkRloZgrq % _p% lkekfu tfKjs A NUnkafl
tfKjs rLek|tqLrekntk;r A uSrnfi Hkofr A fojkt bna izdj.ke~ A
fofLeu~ loZeihjdk;ZfeR;sok=k izLrw;rs A rLekTtkrk vtko;%
bR;fi =k ;rs A vfi p cz.ktkfrjL; eq[kRosu o.kr% A
eq[krks HkofUr okD;kuhfr izR;qr cz.kdk;ZRoa p _xknhuka izlDra
L;kr~ A bneLrq izek.ke~ A ;ks czk.ka fon/kkfr iwo ;ks osnka
izfg.kksfr rLeS A uSrnfi Hkofr A osnku~ Kkukuhfr O;k[;kus r=k
lE;xFkZ l rs % lfUnX/kRoknfHkyfkrL;kFkZ L ; A _xkn;%
lk{kknhjL;So okD;kfu pskL;So losZkka eU=kk.kka izlDra
L;kfkRoe~ A loZ=k ekU=ko.kdksgeFkZLrsuSokfUor% L;kr~ rnk
cgoks fojks/kk% A
,oa fooknHkwf;RoknL; i{kL; i{kkUrjekJ;rs A
291
Hkk;e~ & ^^vFkok ;Fkkse`Xosnkfnkka ;ksfu% dkj.ka izek.keL;

;FkkoRLo:ikf/kxes A kkknso izek.kkkxrks tUekfndkj.ka
czkf/kxE;r bR;fHkizk;% A**
fVIi.kh & vFk dFka iqu% kkL; izek.ke~ A _fkfHkjhjkuqxgz kkilk
yC/kRokr~ A ,oa fg kkh;k ykSfddh p izfl)s% A r}kD;kukehj&
kDrsLrk;qRiks dkj.kRoe~ A uuq foiz;ksju;ks% dFka
lekosk bfr psk A bZjL; lokZUrjRosu loZlfkRokr~ A
_fkO;qRifkewydRoa Lia ;rs A bZjkfewyoa Rosoa izek.ke~ A
rLekr~ ;KkRloZ g q r bR;k|s o A uuw D ra r=k _xknhuke~
vtkfofuokskehjdk;ZRofefr A rnfHker ,okLekde~ A ufg
oqEHkdkjks ?kVkfuo rkUekrkfirj% izkf.kuks fuekZrqa koqofUr
lefkDrs% lkgk;a fouk A rLeknLrhg prqo/kHkwrxzke&
l`kohjL; p lk{kkr~ lEcU/k% A czk.kksL; eq[keklhfnfr
pSrnfo#)e~ A osnkukekkRosu pkH;qixekr~ A ;Fkk :is.k O;krs
izis osoysjlèkdkkkfnoa rkn~Hkwr
s jksHk;dkj.kdrqo/k&
Hkwrxzke% osoythofuera ?kVkfnoa p HkofUr A ,oa ukek O;krs
izis osoysj;ksfu% iz.koks e/kqPNUn% izHk`frrkkhjksHk;dkj.kdks
osn% osoythofuer% dkO;kfn A ,rsu ikFkoRolkE;sfi
efLdd?kV;ksfjo okD;RolkE;sfi osndkO;;ksegZ kufLr Hksn bfr
fLFkre~ A dkpu izk.kkfjfi eU=ksoLrhfr i;ke A vr
,okFkZlkE;sfi ykSfddkfu Lrks=kkf.k A
vleke~
292
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
oSfndinkukeFkkZ%
vfjk% vfx%
vPN y{;dj.ks
v.oh vykS
vf es?ks
vUre fudVLFks
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vofu j{kos
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vg vo/kkj.ks
vkd vkFksZ
vkr~ vkxUr;kZFksZ
bno/kkj.ks
mr leqk;s
rq cq)kS
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/kh eU=ks deZf.k p
uel~ vks
nhfnfo izdkkos
ne x`gs
nkZr je.kh;s
mDFk eU=ks
tfjr` Lrksrfj
/ksuk okfp
iz;l~ vks
e{kq kh?kzkFksZ
bRFkk lR;kFksZ
n{k cys
fjk [kys
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kqHkl~ kqHks
nalu~ deZf.k
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orZfu ekxsZ
ruk fuR;kFksZ
ok?kr~ _fRoft
puu~ vks
thek nsork;ke~
pkZ.kh euq;s
rw.k Rojk;qDrs
Lolj fnus
oSfndinkukeFkkZ%
f/k;kolq ljLoR;ka
osrq Kkus fdj.ks p
mfr j{k.ks
foxz es/kkfofu
nqol~ ifjp;kZ;ka
nLe ohjs
f euq;s
okt lxzkes
lkfr lEHktus
Lrkse Lrqfri|oxsZ
iq# cgqykFksZ
?k vo/kkj.ks
iqjU/kzh oqVqfEcU;ka
ler~ ;q)s
ohfr Hkkstus
erZ euq;s
pju~ ok;kS
jkspu u{k=ks
iskl~ dkUrkS
mkl~ fdj.ks
Lo/kk vks
ohGq <s
mf;k xfo
eUnq lUrqs
ifjTeu~ e#.ks
jtl~ yksos
xkFk xkrfj
p{kl~ nkZus
o`=k k=kkS
p# es?ks
rqt nsos
oalx o`kHks
tsr` bUs
f{kfr euq;s
?ku dfBus
;qt~ lgk;s
ij bUs
kol~ cys
dkoqn~ ftjls
ji~ okfp
efUn lUrkskfr
pf drZfj
fkizk gukS ukfldk;ka ok
jk/kl~ jf; /kus
dRoZ f;k;ka
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dk# ;fj
esf/kjo~ dFkkfofu
293
294
kq.k voxzgs
cy es?ks
osnls Kkus
mkr~ dke;ekus
kqJ dkfUrefr
Il fcUnkS
;t=k nsos
Hkk;xzUFkekyk
go% vkkue~
ihfr% ikja
bUnq% lksejl
_ra mnoa p
oLr% vg%
gksrk vkkrk
xksi% j{kd%

Vol 7, The Book of Commentaries (Bhashyagranthamala), by Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni

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Droits d'auteur :

Vol 7, The Book of Commentaries (Bhashyagranthamala), by Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

okflBdkO;d.Bx.

First Edition 2007

Price: Rs. 300.00

Kavyakantha Ganapati Muni

Introduction to the Contents of Volume Seven

izFkee.Mys izFkelwDrL; Hkk;e~ 1

izFkee.Mys izFkelwDrL; Hkk;e~ 2

izFkee.Mys izFkeprq.kk lwDrkuka Hkk;e~

izFkee.Mys izFkelwDrL; Hkk;e~ 3

izFkee.Mys izFkelwDrL; Hkk;e~ 4

izFkee.Mys izFkelwDrL; Hkk;e~ 5

izFkee.Mys izFkelwDrL; Hkk;e~ 6

izFkee.Mys izFkelwDrL; Hkk;e~ 7

7.8.11 x`RlenL; ^x.kkuka Ros* R;kfnlwDrHkk;e~

vXus% prks foHkwr;%

Sri V.S. Ramanan

oUns Jhje.kksZjkpk;ZL; inkCte~ A

His wisdom is founded on the Vedas. With scintillating speech

of Bhagavan Ramana which worked within me. Soon I began this

during a given period of time. Depending upon his inspiration,

The sacred work of editing and publishing the Collected

All the photographs of Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi

I must express my deep gratitude to the Trustees of Sri

KAVYAKANTHA G ANAPATI M UNI

Nearly a year before his birth, on the holy day of rathasaptamn,

poetry) on him forthwith. He was only 22 years old then (details

ter. He gave the full name Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi to

It is more than six decades since the great Kavyakantha

very little is known about his other numerous Sanskrit writings,

as sDmrDjya-nibhandhanam (a proposed constitution for India).

in poetic renderings, with Vyasa in sutra writings and with Patanjali,

This volume of the Collected Works of the Muni contains

Gritsamada, Parashara, Vasishta, Medhatithi and Praskanva are

Upanishadic passages. In a very simple and elegant way the Muni,

QaravaKabhava meaning One who is born from the forest of

MDtrtattvaprakDQikD is a Sanskrit rendering of Sri

O;kfp[;kflrk;e`Xosn% izkpke`kh.kka fnO;kka nkZulxzg% A u

v;e` X os n % iz k phuS e Z g kfHkLrilk lEikfnrks cz fuf/kuZ

okflx.kifrra _o~lafgrk;k% y?kqHkk;e~

bna p Hkk;eLekfHk}/kk foHkT;rs A inHkk;eqilagkjHkk;a psfr A

v;e` X os n % iz k phuS e Z g kfHkLrilk lEikfnrks cz fuf/kuZ

okflx.kifrra _o~lafgrk;k% y?kqHkk;e~

bna p Hkk;eLekfHk}/kk foHkT;rs A inHkk;eqilagkjHkk;a psfr A

v=k fopk;Zrs A vLrq kCnks fuR;% A vLrq rL;kFkZlUcU/kks fuR;%A

eU=kRinO;qRiknuLFk% A ikf.kfujU;s p eU=kRinL; iz;kskjks

_fkfHkjfxehGs iqjksfgrfeR;kfndk _pks k bfr onke% A lr

uuq ekLrq eU=kJksrkj bfr izflf)%A vfLr osnkuka Jqr;

okpks fuR;Roa lkekU;r% kCnfuR;Roes o eU;rs A u

bZkesokRelEcks/kua oDrqa ;qe`ksokZpk fo:i fuR;;sR;=kkfiA

vr{ke~ A ** bfr xkS j ohrs % A vfuR;tUeoRiq # kuke&

vij vkg ^^os n ks kuka O;huka

vU;s iz k gq % A ;FkkFkZ c ks / kdRoa

loZKL;sjL; loZdkyO;kfiuh Hkkjrhfr izR;qr xq.k% A ;kfu

rnk ra drkZja fu/kkZj;ke%A rkkLekoa yC/ka ukesjL;A

kD;fefr A bneso kkegs r}kD;a ;FkkuqHkwrlaokfn ok feF;k

iq # kL; lk{kkRijes jL; p mP;rs A loZ c z k.MS % lg

^^mr cz .;k o;a rq H ;a

ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A ^^vfpfdRokffdrqkfn=k dohu~

czk.;u~ bR;kkZRokuqowy% ikjesjRoizfrowyksFkZ% A v=k

bfr fofe=kL;kksZ A v=k oqfkdklksokgksfkR;kkZRokuqowy%

A** bfr tenxs% A ^^foensu ;nhfGrk uklR;k fujeUFkre~A** bfr

ydlek[;k izopukfnfr A lk izopuk}k Hkorq ;Fkk HkoUere~ A

d=kZuqiyC/ksgsZrksfjR;qesokLekfHkfjfr psr~ A fofp=kks;a okn% A

eU=kku~ oqokZ.kk bfr psr~ A je.kh;ks;a oknks ;fn qa eU=kk%

osoyefHk/kkuokfpuks u fo/kk;dk bR;kgq% A ^^fof/keU=k;ksjd

izkek.;ekJ;Urs HkoUr% A rL; izkek.;a leFkZf;rqa iquLrL;So

A bfr tenxs% A ^^foensu ;nhfGrk uklR;k fujeUFkre~A bfr