UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA FACULTAD DE INGENIERA DEPARTAMENTO DE INGLES

Proficiency Technical 1

Nombre: Carn: Profesor(a): Fecha:

Gabriela Michele Acevedo Ocn 201313817

February 12, 2013

INDEX

INTRODUCTION . 1 OBJECTIVES .. 2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT . 3 CONCLUSIONS 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY .. 7

Sometimes we wonder why some phenomenas happen and we dont know how to explain them, why they occur or where they take place. The experiment presented below helped me to understand in a better way the phenomena of molecular cohesion and surface tension. This experiment is very simple and easy because you can do it in your house because there you can find all the materials. I will explain step by step the experiment, I will also give my objectives I had before I did my experiment and the conclusions that I got after doing the experiment.

Objectives

Observe and understand how each molecule in a fluid interacts with those around him. Observe the size range of molecular forces. Understand the concept of molecular cohesion and surface tension, then learn how they relate to each other. Investigate the causes of surface tension. Phenomenas that contribute to the realization of this experiment.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT

Materials: 1 glass of water 1 Letter or card Small coins

Procedure: First I tried to put the card in a glass without water, I saw that the card fell down. Then a tried with a card and some coins, to do this place the card just balancing on the edge of the empty glass. Now supports a coin on the far side of the glass and watch the card bends and falls. Now fill the glass with water until it overflows. Again put the card before and do the same with the coin. As you will notice the card not only does not fall, but also bear the weight of more coins. If you pay attention, you'll see that the water "stretches" as if he were making an effort to have the letter. As mentioned at the beginning of this experiment, it is the phenomenon of molecular cohesion and surface tension. First I searched about the molecular cohesion; this is an attractive force between molecules. In the case of water the molecules are strongly attracted by the cohesion. Were it not for these forces each molecule would be dispersed to the other like powder.

What is the relationship between molecular cohesion and surface tension? That the surface tension of water is a consequence of the cohesion of its molecules. That is, the force of attraction between molecules of water ends up forming a membrane in the liquid surface as there are molecules which are drawn inwards only.

I will mention a small phenomenon that helps this experiment can be completed. It is adhesion of molecules, which allows water to adhere to other surfaces. This is why the water molecules have a great potential polarity and end being pulled by other materials. When we fill the glass with water and put the card ends water adhering to the surface, precisely because the "membership" of which we spoke earlier. By placing the coins the card tries to fall but the opposite side, the molecules attached to the letter are attracted to those in the glass. This force is

sufficient to prevent the card and coins falling. On the edges of the card can be seen as the liquid rises in a thin elastic layer, which is precisely due to surface tension.

Causes of surface tension The surface tension depends on the nature of the liquid, the surrounding environment and temperature. Liquids whose molecules have strong intermolecular attraction forces have high surface tension.

CONCLUSIONS
Molecular cohesion is an attractive force between molecules. The range of molecular forces is relatively small, includes molecules nearest only. The surface tension of water is a consequence of the cohesion of its molecules. The surface tension isnt the same in all liquids,

Bibliography

http://www.marcelapineros.com/_portfolio/surface/html/tension.htm http://www.sc.ehu.es/sbweb/fisica/fluidos/tension/introduccion/introduccio n.htm http://webdelprofesor.ula.ve/ciencias/ymartin/index_archivos/Guia%20para %20la%20Elaboracion%20del%20Reporte%20de%20Investigacion.pdf