Technical Data & Selection Procedure

Ravistar attenuators

Rectangular / Square Circular

Attenuators
Sound Attenuators
Introduction
In imparting movement to the air, all fans produce noise related to the amount of work they do to move a given air volume against the system reistance. Much of the noise is generated by the impeller blades cutting through the air setting up complex patterns of vortices and turbulence which cause radiated pressure fluctuations slightly above and below the ambient barometric pressure. These pressure waves are radiated approximately equally in all directions. However, due to the constructions of the fan casing there is a noticeable tendency for the noise to be beamed from the inlet and the outlet with residual noise passing through the fan casing. Noise from the fan inlet and outlet which is transmitted along the duct system is referred to as ductborne noise whilst that passing through the fan casing or duct walls is called break-out noise. Noise after leaving the fan is transmitted along the duct run or through false ceilings and plantroom walls into occupied areas where, as a result of the acoustic qualities of the room surfaces and furniture, it carries both directly and by reflection to the ears of the listener. The duct borne noise shall get attenuated to some extent in the ducting system. However in case the noise levels reaching the listeners end are not comfortable then noise attenuation is required with the help of Sound Attenuators.

Criteria Noise levels which are subjectively or objectively acceptable in a given environment. The most commonly used criteria are Noise Criteria Curves (NC Levels), Noise Rating Curves (NR Levels) and dBA. Ductborne Noise Noise which is transmitted along ductwork, both upstream and downstream of a fan. Breakout Noise Noise transmitted through a barrier, often a fan casing or ductwork. Any indirect noise path which tends to devalue noise control measures used to reduce transmission along the more obvious paths. Noise Outlet Usually a grille or a diffuser. Any opening acting as a terminal element on either an extract or supply system. Insertion Loss A measure of the noise reduction capability of an attenuator (sometimes of a partition) so named after the method of testing where a section of ductwork is replaced by an attenuator between two test rooms. One room contains the noise source and the other the sound level measuring equipment. The difference in recorded noise level is said to be the insertion loss due to the insertion of the attenuator in the system. Octave Bands Subdivisions of the frequency range each identified by its mid (or centre) frequency. By international agreements these comprise 63, 125, 250, 500, 1k, 2k, 4k and 8k Hz. Frequency (Hz.) The pitch of sound. The number of sound pressure waves arriving at a fixed point per second.

Definitions
The following terms are commonly used in the field of acoustics and an understanding of their practical meaning might be of use to the engineer. Sound Power Level (SWL) A theoretical assessment of sound produced at source calculated from the measured sound pressure levels at known distances from the source under known acoustic conditions. A level which depends only on the source and is independent of the environment or location. The sound power level of a fan is therefore very useful information since any level quoted can be compared directly with data from any other manufacturer. Sound Pressure Level (SPL) A measured sound level which is an indication only of the noise produced at source since environmental factors such as reverberation and distance from the source have affected the measurement. The sound pressure level of a fan is not very useful since environmental factors apparent when the unit was measured may or may not be present in the actual location of the plant. Decibel (dB) Commonly, the unit used to measure sound. It is a logarithmic ratio of two sound pressures or sound powers where one is a reference level. Care must be exercised when mathematically manipulating decibels.

Attenuators
Recommended Design Criteria
Recommended design criteria for various area functions

Situation
Concert halls, opera halls, studios for sound reproduction, live theatres (>500 seats) Bedrooms in private homes, live theatres (<500 seats), television studios, large conference and lecture rooms (>50 people) Living rooms in private homes, board rooms, top management offices, conference and lecture rooms (20-50 people), multi-purpose halls, libraries, bedrooms in hotels, etc., banqueting rooms, operating theatres, cinemas, hospital private rooms, large courtrooms Public rooms in hotels, etc., ballrooms, hospital open wards, middle management and small offices, small conference and lecture rooms (<20 people), school classrooms, small courtrooms, museums, libraries, banking halls, small restaurants, cocktail bars, quality shops Toilets and washrooms, large open offices, drawing offices, reception areas (offices), halls, corridors, lobbies in hotels, hospitals, etc., laboratories, recreation rooms, post offices, large restaurants, bars and night clubs, department stores, shops, gymnasia Kitchens in hotels, hospitals, etc., laundry rooms, computer rooms, accounting machine rooms, cafeteria, canteens, supermarkets, swimming pools, covered garages in hotels, offices, etc., bowling alleys

NC
20 25 30

35

40

45

Octave Band Mid - Frequency Hz/NC/dBA

63
NC 70 NC 65 NC 60 NC 55 NC 50 NC 45 NC 40 NC 35 NC 30 NC 25 NC 20 NC 15 83 80 77 74 71 67 64 60 57 54 51 47

125
79 75 71 67 64 60 57 53 48 45 41 36

250
75 71 67 62 59 54 51 46 41 38 33 29

500
72 68 63 58 54 49 45 40 35 31 26 22

1000
71 66 61 56 51 46 41 36 31 27 22 17

2000
70 64 59 54 49 44 39 34 29 24 19 14

4000
69 63 58 53 48 43 38 33 28 22 17 12

8000
68 62 57 52 47 42 37 32 27 21 16 11

dBA
77 72 67 62 58 54 49 45 40 35 32 28

Application
The Ravistar range of Attenuators is designed for inclusion in ductwork systems or for direct connection to fan or A.H.U. inlet and discharge. The Ravistar range offers flexibility of sizes, performance and material specification. These Attenuators may be used in high/ low velocity systems, process air handling and ventilation applications.

Attenuators
Description
Attenuators basicaly consist of an arrangement of duct mounted absorbent splitters arranged with air-flow passages between them. Attenuation is achieved by reflection, impedance and absorption. These are dependant upon : The airway width in relation to splitter width. The splitter absorption coeffcient. The overall attenuator length. At the entry to and the exit from an attenuator a resistance to airflow is created. The entry loss and the internal frictional losses are normally considerably less than the discharge loss. Ravistar range of silencers minimise the resistance to airflow by incorporating faired airway entry and discharge sections.

Dimensions and Types

Types A. Square / Rectangular Attenuators The attenuators are available in four different types :Type ) i i i ) i) i i i) v Dimensions W Minimum Maximum 300mm 2000mm H 300mm 1200mm Type 22 Type 33 Type 44 Type 55 Airway Gap 75mm 1 0 0mm 1 2 5mm 1 5 0mm

Construction
Standard Attenuators have the casing from galvanised steel sheets of 20/22 swg. Attenuating splitters are constructed from a press formed frame work of G.I. sheet and incorporate high density and highly absorbant Fibre Glass Insulation material with fibre glass tissue covering with 26 swg perforated aluminium sheet. The splitters have faired entry and exit noses to minimise pressure drop. Note : Attenuators can be supplied in different material specification as required.

B. Circular Attenuators The attenuators are available in two types :Type ) i i i ) Dimensions Internal Dia Minimum Maximum 300mm 1200mm Type A Type B Without Central Pod With Central Pod

Note : For requirement of larger dimensions refer to us.

General Arrangement for Square / Rectangular Attenuators

Jit on J i ta o gl n t o on ln egh f u i N B j i tm s nt .. on ut c e rs l t e s la pitr 45 Fairings O slne n iecr lnt oe egh vr 600mm
H eight - H

th eng lL ral Ove

Riveted to case at 250mm n m n lp t h S a e w t m s i oia ic. eld ih atc a cres t onr

General Arrangement for Circular Attenuators

Atnaig teutn Pod

150 CRS

20 0

Peglaie r-avnsd Case From sheet sel te

Wid th -

Atnao teutr Case Spotn fn uprig is f ra t n a i g o teutn pd o

Slte pitr Mediafacing

Rolled Steel Angle (RSA) Flanges Welded at corners then r v t dt c s e d iee o ae n tre oe fag fc und vr lne ae

Fa edd lt ne cs wt ae ih trae hedd isrs net

Attenuators
Performance I. Attenuator static Insertion Loss : dB
A. Rectangular / Square 1. Model 22 - 75mm Airway Octave Band CRS-HZ 6 3 Model 2/ 26 2/ 29 2/2 21 2/5 21 2/8 21 2/1 22 Length 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 125 250 500 1K 2K 4K 8K 3. Model 44 - 125mm Airway Octave Band CRS-HZ 6 3 Model 2 2 8 4 3 3 9 5 4 4 7 3 5 4 0 7 5 5 0 0 5 5 0 0 5 5 0 0 4/ 46 4/ 49 4/2 41 4/5 41 4/8 41 4/1 42 Length 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 125 250 500 1K 2K 4K 8K

A t n a o S a i I s r i nL s -d teutr ttc neto os B 5 7 8 1 0 1 2 1 4 9 1 2 1 5 1 8 2 2 2 6 1 5 2 1 2 5 2 9 3 6 4 1 4 6 2 4 3 5 4 6 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 2 8 4 1 4 9 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 3 0 4 3 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0

A t n a o S a i I s r i nL s -d teutr ttc neto os B 4 5 7 8 9 1 0 6 9 1 2 1 4 1 6 1 8 1 2 1 6 1 9 2 3 2 6 2 9 3 2 1 8 2 6 3 2 3 8 4 2 4 5 4 8 2 2 3 2 3 8 4 4 4 8 5 0 5 0 2 4 3 3 3 9 4 6 5 0 5 0 5 0 1 6 2 1 2 5 2 8 3 2 3 5 3 8 1 0 1 1 1 5 1 7 1 9 2 2 2 6

2/4 22 2400 1 7 3 0 Face Area Adjustment Face Area (M2) 0 1 .3 Adjustment 6 02 .5 3

4/4 42 2400 1 1 2 1 Face Area Adjustment Face Area (M2) Adjustment 01 .3 6 02 .5 3

05 . 0

10 . + 3

20 . + 6

40 . + 9

80 . +12

05 . 0

10 . + 3

20 . + 6

40 . + 9

80 . +12

2. Model 33 - 100mm Airway Octave Band CRS-HZ 6 3 Model 3/ 36 3/ 39 3/2 31 3/5 31 3/8 31 3/1 32 3/4 32 Length 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 125 250 500 1K 2K 4K 8K

4. Model 55 - 150mm Airway Octave Band CRS-HZ 6 3 Model 1 8 2 2 2 9 3 3 4 0 4 5 5 0 5/ 59 5/2 51 5/5 51 5/8 51 5/1 52 5/4 52 5/7 52 Length 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 125 250 500 1K 2K 4K 8K

A t n a o S a i I s r i nL s -d teutr ttc neto os B 5 6 7 9 1 0 1 1 1 3 8 1 0 1 3 1 6 1 8 2 1 2 5 1 4 1 7 2 1 2 6 3 0 3 4 3 8 2 0 2 7 3 6 4 2 4 7 5 0 5 0 2 7 3 4 4 2 4 7 5 0 5 0 5 0 2 9 3 5 4 4 4 9 5 0 5 0 5 0 2 3 2 7 3 4 3 9 4 5 4 9 5 0

A t n a o S a i I s r i nL s -d teutr ttc neto os B 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 9 1 1 1 3 1 5 1 7 1 8 2 0 1 5 1 8 2 1 2 5 2 8 3 3 3 7 2 3 2 9 3 6 4 0 4 3 4 7 5 0 2 8 3 4 4 2 4 7 5 0 5 0 5 0 3 0 3 5 4 3 4 9 5 0 5 0 5 0 1 7 1 9 2 3 2 8 3 2 3 5 3 8 8 9 1 0 1 3 1 5 1 6 1 8

Face Area Adjustment Face Area (M ) Adjustment

2

Face Area Adjustment 05 . 0 10 . + 3 20 . + 6 40 . + 9 80 . +12 Face Area (M2) Adjustment 01 .3 6 02 .5 3 05 . 0 10 . + 3 20 . + 6 40 . + 9 80 . +12

01 .3 5

02 .5 3

Attenuators
B. Circular Static Insertion Loss (dB)

Itra nenl Diameter (MM)

150 200 300

Type
A A A B

Length
2D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 1D 2D 6 3 0 0 3 3 6 7 2 4 6 8 2 4 6 8 1 3 7 9 2 3 7 9 1 2 8 8 2 3 6 8 125 1 1 4 4 6 8 2 6 5 9 3 5 6 9 2 5 8 1 2 2 3 8 1 2 1 3 9 1 2 2 5 8 1 1

Octave Band Centres (Hz)

250 2 2 7 8 1 2 1 4 7 1 0 1 1 1 8 5 1 1 1 0 1 6 3 1 0 1 6 2 2 3 9 1 7 2 4 3 8 1 9 2 4 3 1 0 1 7 2 3 500 9 1 0 1 1 1 3 1 9 2 2 9 1 6 1 7 2 6 9 1 6 1 7 2 6 8 1 4 2 7 3 5 7 1 3 2 8 3 5 6 1 1 2 9 3 4 5 1 2 3 0 3 5 1K 1 6 1 6 1 1 1 6 2 4 2 9 1 1 1 8 2 1 3 1 9 1 8 2 2 3 1 8 1 7 2 8 3 5 7 1 6 2 6 3 4 9 1 5 2 7 3 3 8 1 5 2 8 3 5 2K 1 2 1 2 9 1 1 2 6 3 1 6 1 1 2 6 3 1 6 1 2 2 4 3 1 7 1 4 2 0 2 7 7 1 4 1 9 2 6 7 1 3 1 9 2 3 8 1 4 1 9 2 5 4K 1 2 1 2 4 6 2 4 2 6 3 6 2 1 2 8 2 6 1 9 2 6 4 8 2 0 2 6 4 8 1 9 2 5 4 7 1 8 2 2 5 9 1 9 2 4 8K 1 0 1 0 2 5 2 0 2 2 3 5 1 8 2 5 1 5 1 7 2 2 3 5 1 8 2 3 3 5 1 7 2 2 3 5 1 7 2 1 2 5 1 8 2 2

450

A B

600

A B

750

A B

900

1050

A B

1200

A B

Silencer Face Area M2 PWL Adjustment db

02 .5 6

05 . 3

1 0

2 + 3

4 + 6

8 + 9

1 6 +12

Note : Generally for normal application with normal face velocities & pressure drops. It is safe to assume that the static insertion loss shall be equal to or less than the dynamic insertion loss.

II. Pressure Loss in Attenuator

A. Circular Air Flow / Pressure Loss

Itra nenl Diameter

(MM) 300 450 600 750 900 1050 1200

Pressure Loss (Pa)

1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 100

A rF o l s i lw /
03 .4 07 .6 13 .6 21 .2 30 .6 41 .7 54 .5 04 .6 10 .4 18 .6 29 .1 41 .9 57 .1 74 .6 05 .7 12 .9 22 .9 35 .8 51 .6 70 .3 91 .8 06 .6 14 .9 26 .5 41 .4 59 .7 81 .3 1.2 06 07 .5 16 .9 30 .1 47 .1 67 .8 92 .3 1.5 20 08 .2 18 .5 33 .0 51 .6 74 .3 1.1 01 1.1 32 08 .9 20 .1 35 .8 56 .0 80 .7 1.8 09 1.5 43 09 .5 21 .3 38 .0 59 .4 85 .5 1.4 16 1.1 52 10 .1 22 .8 40 .5 63 .3 91 .2 1.1 24 1.2 62 10 .7 24 .2 43 .0 67 .2 96 .9 1.8 31 1.2 72

Attenuators
B. Rectangular / Square

100

90

80

Pressure Drop N/M2 per metre length

70

60
22 33 Mod el Mod el -

Mo de l-

44

40

30

20

10

0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0

Face Velocity m/sec.

Ordering
Type Model Size W x H x L 1000 x 300 x 900

Rectangular

22

Specifications and data are subject to change without prior notice due to continuous product development. N r a t l r n e s a lb a p i a l . oml oeacs hl e plcbe

Mo de l

50

55

Ravistar India Pvt. Ltd.

Office & Works : D-99, Sector-2, Noida-201301 (U.P.), India Tel. : 95 (120) 2531869, 2531878, 2537624 Fax : 95 (120) 2543431 E-mail : ravistar@vsnl.net Visit us at : www.ravistar.com

RS/ENG/ATN/001/09/03