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multiple sounds for a single letter, and endless exceptions to whatever rules you find. This site contains
numerous lessons which explain the rules and exceptions of French pronunciation in great detail, which is
great for advanced students but can be very confusing for beginners. Therefore, this lesson is an attempt
to simplify French pronunciation, to make it easier for you to get started, even if you don't know how
every letter combination is pronounced in every situation. While at some point, you will need to study
more in-depth lessons on pronunciation, for the time being, this simplified pronunciation chart can help
you get a good idea about how to pronounce new words.
Whenever possible, I have provided English words which use the same spelling. Failing that, I used French
terms used in English, but if you don't know how to say these ?la fran 蓷 ise, you will need to look them up
in order to get the correct pronunciation. Failing either of these, I used an alternate spelling - these words
are in [brackets] and the letters which make the relevant sound are in bold. When there is no real English
equivalent, the nearest sound, if any, is explained in (parentheses) - for these letters and letter
combinations, you should look really at the in-depth lessons. The LKL column indicates how I write that
sound when spelling out pronunciation in other lessons. The letters and letter combinations are linked to
detailed lessons, while the examples are hyperlinked to sound files in .wav format.
CH sh champagne chapeau,
anchois
D d dad la douane,
mardi
E, EU eu de trop le, un feu
?/td> ay fianc?/td> 彋?/a>, g 幯 ial
J zh d 嶴?vu le jambon, d 嶴
euner
K k keep un kiosque, le
ski
(rare in French)
L l little fleurs, mille
M m mom Madame,
comment
(n) (nasal le parfum,
vowel) embouteillage
N n noun neuf, noir
(n) (nasal un, le pain
vowel)
O o solo le dos, rose
OI wa foie gras boire, trois
OU u soup douze, nous
P p paper un p 鋨 e, la
soupe
PH f phone une
pharmacie, t 幨
廧 honer
Q k pique quinze, la
banque
R r rouge, une
ceinture
(similar to Spanish J, Arabic
KH)
S s sassy le sucre, un
poisson
SC sk scold les escargots
s science les sciences
T t tight la tarte,
latomate
TH t [tea] le th?/a>, le th
殪 tre
TI s [silly] attention
U u [food]* tu, une jupe
UE weh suede* saluer, la
Suisse
UI wee cuisine* une nuit, fruit
*Approximation - see lesson
on U
V v verve vert, un avion
W v un wagon
(rare in French)
Z z zone la zone, la
zizanie
Singular Plural
le la l' les H
le garçon la fille l'ami, l'amie les garçons
le père la mère l'homme, l'histoire les filles
Pronunciation
There are two different kinds of H's in French, and neither one is
pronounced.
The H muet is silent - the word acts exactly as if it began with a
vowel. This means that contractions and liaisons are done as if the H
were not there: l'homme, les hommes = [lay zuhm].
The other H is called H aspiré, but don't let the word aspiré fool you.
The H aspiré is just as silent as the H muet; however, you cannot
make a contraction or liaison in front of it: le homard, les homards =
[lay uhmar]. H's in words borrowed from other languages are usually
H aspirés.
The following words and their derivatives begin with an H aspiré. As
always, please note that there are exceptions and that the English
equivalents given here are only guide. When in doubt, consult a good
French dictionary. There will be an asterisk or some other symbol to
distinguish between the two kinds of H's.
la hache axe haut high
hacher to chop le havre haven
le hachisch hashish la Haye The Hague
la haie hedge le heaume helmet
le haillon rag héler to hail (a taxi)
la haine hatred hennir to neigh
haïr to hate le hérisson hedgehog
le hâle suntan la hernie hernia
haleter to pant le héron heron
le hall hall le héros hero
la halle market le hêtre beech tree
le halo halo heurter to strike
la halte break le hibou owl
le hamac hammock hideux hideous
le hameau hamlet la hiérarchie hierarchy
la hampe pole hisser to hoist
le hamster hamster hocher to nod
la hanche hip le hockey hockey
le hand-ball handball la Hollande Holland
le handicap handicap le homard lobster
le hangar shed Hong-Kong Hong Kong
hanter to haunt la Hongrie Hungary
harasser to exhaust la honte shame
harceler to harass le hoquet hiccup
hardi daring hors outside
le hareng herring la houille coal
le haricot bean le huguenot Huguenot
la harpe harp huit eight
le hasard luck hurler to shriek
la hâte haste la hutte hut
hâter to hasten
2) être to be
verb
To Be
Être means "to be" in many senses that this verb is used in English.
1) It is used with adjectives, nouns, and adverbs to describe a temporary
or permanent state of being:
Il est beau - He is handsome
Je suis à Paris - I'm in Paris
Nous sommes français - We're French
Il est là-bas - He's over there
When talking about the weather, French uses the verb faire (to do/make)
rather than être:
Il fait beau - It's nice out
Il fait du vent - It's windy
Quel temps fait-il ? - How's the weather?
Conjugations
Present tense
je suis
tu es
il est
nous sommes
vous êtes
ils sont
3) avoir to have
verb
avoir
To Have
Avoir means "to have" in most senses, including having in one's
possession and currently experiencing.
J'ai deux stylos
I have two pens.
J'ai été eu
I've been had (tricked).
Note: Avoir à can mean "to have to," but that expression is more
commonly translated by devoir.
J'ai soif
I am thirsty.
J'ai froid
I am cold.
4) de of, from
preposition
French Prepositions
de
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine
6) je I
subject pronoun
8) ce this
indefinite demonstrative pronoun
9) pas not
negative adverb
10) à to, in
preposition
Notes
*I would have listed il and ils separately, but they were combined in the
source document.
Words with different forms but the same essential meaning (such as le and
la: masculine and feminine definite articles) are combined into a single
listing.
This list of the most common French words is adapted from the following
source:
Coordinating conjunctions join words and groups of words of equal value. By equal value, I mean that
the two (groups of) words have the same nature or the same function in the sentence.
Examples
Apples and oranges are both fruits, and I like them both.
Meat and vegetables are both foods, and he doesn't eat either of them.
France and Italy are both places, and you can go to one of them.
4. Je veux le faire, mais je n'ai pas d'argent. - I want to do it, but I don't have any money.
I want to do it. I don't have any money. Each of these statements is a complete idea.