SDH multiplex structure

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) is a CCITT standard for a hierarchy of optical transmission rates. Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard for North America, that is largely equivalent to SDH. Both are widely spread technologies for very high speed transmission of voice and data signals across the numerous world-wide fiber-optic networks. SDH and SONET are point-to-point synchronous networks that use TDM multiplexing across a ring or mesh physical topology. The main difference between both standards are the some header/pointer informations and the transmission rates. The base transport module of SDH is the synchronous transport module with a transmission rate of 155,52mbps (STM-1), SONET uses OC-1 (~51mbs) as base module. SDH/SONET transmission rates PDH (USA) Bit Rate (Mbps) 40000 10000 2500 622 155 140 51 45 34 8 6 2 1,5 0,064 DS-1/T1 DS-0/T0 E0/D64S DS-2/T2 E1 VC12 VT1.5 DS-3/T3 E3 E2 VT6 (not really used) VC3 STS-1 SPE E4 VC4 STS/OC-1 Name PDH (Europe) Name SDH Container Transport STM-256 STM-64 STM-16 STM-4 STM-1 SONET Container Transport STS/OC768 STS/OC192 STS/OC-48 STS/OC-12 STS/OC-3

SDH multiplex structure The SDH multiplex structure shown in the picture is defined in ITU-T G.707 and describes how low order signals are multiplexed into higher multiplex levels.

KLM values Imagine you have a large number of E1 customer aggregated on a PA-MC-STM-1SMI (Cisco) or a PE-1CHSTM1-SMIR-QPP (Juniper). The low order signal is transported over an SDH network, through the nmerous multiplex levels, and is terminated on your channelized STM-1 card. For configuring the customers interface on the aggregation device, you need to know in which timeslot the customers E1 resides. > This position is specified by the KLM values.
K describes TUG-3 group (1-3) L describes a TUG-2 group inside a TUG-3 (1-7) M describes a TU-12/VC12/E1 inside a TUG-2 (1-3)

Heres an overview for the KLM values of a STM-1: Timeslot TUG-3 TUG-2 VC-12 (> E1) KLM 1 1 1 1 1.1.1 2 1 1 2 1.1.2 3 1 1 3 1.1.3 4 1 2 1 1.2.1 5 1 2 2 1.2.2

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3

2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 1

3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1

1.2.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 1.7.1 1.7.2 1.7.3 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.6.1 2.6.2 2.6.3 2.7.1 2.7.2 2.7.3 3.1.1

44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7

2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

3.1.2 3.1.3 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.5.1 3.5.2 3.5.3 3.6.1 3.6.2 3.6.3 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.7.3