SystemVue SatComm Webcast Final

Welcome
Dingqing Lu Sr. Application Specialist Agilent EEsof EDA
Daren McClearnon
ESL Product Planning Mgr. Agilent EEsof EDA
Copyright 2012 Agilent Technologies June 7, 2012 Webcast: System-Level Satellite Design & Verification
Agenda
Overview Modeling and Simulation Verification and Testing Algorithm design Advanced Systems Summary
Satellite Comms PHY Design Challenges

1. I need to develop new SatComm components. How do I get started? 2. How do I verify my SatComm design consistently at all stages of development? 3. How do I measure early SatComm system performance more accurately? 4. How can I reduce the test costs of my System test? 5. How can I get measured waveforms integrated into my simulations?
Requirements Algorithms, Standards BB Hardware Design RF/MW Design
SYSTEM DESIGN
Test Plans
Test & Measurement
A unifying, system-level approach

Simulation
Integration capability Connection to leading RF EDA flows Performance Evaluation for RF & BB Advanced Measurement o BER, FER, PER o Sensitivity, Selectivity o Throughput
Open Modeling
Existing Models/Templates Custom Models : C++,SystemC,.m, HDL Model Import: MATLAB, ADS, SignalStudio, VSA, STK Recorded Data
SystemVue
Advanced Dataflow engine Co-Simulation Model Libraries Integration of SW, HW HDL Simulation FPGA Implementation
HW Implementation
Existing Modeling Templates DSP Algorithm Creation Fixed Point Simulation HDL Code Generation FPGA Synthesis
HW Test
Link to VSG/VSA/Scope/LA Integration/Controlling/Automation Custom Waveform Generation Advanced RF & BB Measurements Parameter Estimation Troubleshooting
Model more accurately across domains, verify earlier, and continue naturally into test
4 Copyright 2012 Agilent Technologies June 7, 2012 Webcast: System-Level Satellite Design & Verification
Agenda
Satellite Communication Systems

Typical satellite communication system A Simulation Platform is created including Transmitter, Transponder and Receiver are considered System performance is measured
Transmitter
Info Source Signal Format Channel Encode Transmit Filter High-Power Amplifier
Earth Transmitting Station
Uplink Satellite Downlink
Earth
Earth Receiving Station
Satellite Transponder
Interferences
Transponder Filter
Modulation
Channel
Info Sink Signal Format Channel Decode DSP Demodulation Receiver Filter TWTA AGC
Receiver
BER Measurements
Channel Interferences Waveform, Spectrum Constellation, EVM Measurements
Satellite Link Simulation in SystemVue

Modeling a Point to Point Satellite Communication System
Framed data with R-S encoded transmitted through the link Uplink Frequency: 5.925 to 6.425GHz and Down Link Frequency: 3.7 to 4.2 GHz TWTA in Transponder is included Received matched with the transmitted data Tx and Rx measurements are provided
Earth Station 1 Earth Station 2 Satellite Antenna
Key Models for SatComm

Modulation models BPSK, SBPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, 8PSK, pi/4 DQPSK, SOQPSK, Pi/4 CQPSK, MSK, GMFSK, CPM, CPFSK FHSS, DSSS FEC forward error correction Convolutional Coding Turbo Coding LDPC Multiple Access Scheme FDMA TDMA CDMA Satellite Channel Model
Transponder
Key Modulation Types in Satellite Navigation: DSSS and BOC

DSSS:
Data signal is multiplied by a PRN code (XOR operation for binary signals). The result signal has PRN like properties.
BOC: (binary offset carrier)

It is derived by mixing of the data/code signal and a sub-carrier (a square wave for BOC). The traditional BPSK spectrum is divided into two parts.
Advanced Applications for Satellite Systems

Multiple Access and Broadcasting
Many earth station can access the satellite from different locations using CDMA, SDMA, TDMA, FDMA and OFDMA
Custom Satellite DSSS (direct-sequence spread spectrum) System

Support Flexible Spreading Code Support BPSK, QPSK, easy to extend to other modulatio
n
Broadcasting Direct Broadcast Satellite

DVB-S/DVS-S2
Satellite Navigation Galileo: E1/E5 GPS : L1/L2/L5/L1C/L2C BeiDou: B1
Broadcast
Satellite Antenna
Multiple Receivers
Transmitter
Multiple Receivers
10
SystemVue model set Modulation

Generic models fit for Oscillator with phase noise Transmitter Tx Filtering
11
SystemVue model set High Power Amplifier

High-Power Amplifier (HPA) Nonlinearity Noise Figure
12
SystemVue model set Satellite Channel Model

Channel Model User Channel Profile to simulate channel condition Path loss Channel Noise Additional Interferers
13
Modeling Satellite RF Components

Agilent provides a rich variety of RF modeling choices
Custom RF modeling interfaces
Custom math language .m code (example: Saleh TWTA) Custom Visual C++ (example: Amplifier DLL with thermal droop, part of a DPD example) Custom GUI-based (example: Volterra algorithm, such as DPD_PAModel in DPD models)
RF Design Flow modeling interfaces (system prediction or system verification)

Native RF System engine, using RF_LINK (for block level modeling; very fast) X-parameter devices exported from ADS (for bottom-up verification, IP exchange) Golden Gate Fast Circuit Envelope models (for CMOS transceivers, with memory effects) Direct co-simulations with ADS,GoldenGate (for highest-accuracy diagnosis & verification)
Measurement-based RF modeling
Behavioral compressing amp/mixer/osc model from datasheet parameters (P2D, S2P, phase noise, etc) Measured compressing amp/mixer model (from P2D curve from a PNA-X network analyzer) X-parameter measurements from a Nonlinear VNA Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) creates a DPD correction network, AND a memory polynomial PA model that can be used in system simulations.
14
SystemVue Satellite Transponder (math language)

Transponder Transponder Filter Template TWTA based on Salehs model AGC
Inline math model, or direct MATLAB
15
Modeling Satellite components using RF_LINK
SystemVue Dataflow
SystemVue Spectrasys
16
Modeling Satellite components using Co-simulation
SystemVue Dataflow ADS Dataflow/Ckt
17
Advanced Application: Digital Pre-Distortion for digital satellite TWTA or HPA

TWTAs in satellite systems add severe nonlinear signal distortions. Higher-order modulation types are more sensitive to nonlinear distortions (tighter constellations) Therefore there is a tradeoff between power efficiency (i.e. transmitted signal power) and spectral efficiency (e.g. use of M-QAM modulations. M>4) Several authors have proposed equalization and pre-distortion techniques to overcome nonlinear distortions and intersymbol interference in nonlinear transmission channels The following scheme is proposed:
Filter
DPD
TWTA HPA
Filter
Equalization
18
Steps to Achieving Digital Pre-distortion (DPD)

1. Characterize DUT PA using DUT input and output waveforms 2. Calculate complex memory coefficients using QR and SVD algorithms 3. Apply memory polynomial coefficients to construct memory polynomial pre-distorter 4. Pre-distorted signal cancels nonlinear distortion in PA (including major memory effects)
19
Theory of Operation Desired Pout

Uncorrected PA: Pout vs. Pin curve saturates at Psat (in dBm) DPD+PA: Pout-pd vs. Pin curve is linear, up to a higher limit, where Max(Pin) is the maximum correctible input power
Output Power Psat Pout-pd Pout
Desired Output Linear Output Saturation
Pin
Pin-pd
Input Power
Max Correctable Pin

20
5-Step Measurement-Based DPD Modeling Flow

1. Create DPD Stimulus
2. Capture PA Response
3. Extract DPD Model
4. Capture DPD+PA Response
5. Verify DPD+PA Response
21
DPD of 1000W TWTA PA w/o RF Feed Forward

AM-AM response
22

AM-PM response
23

OFDM 10MHz System with QPSK
ACLR
PA input Raw PA output DPD+PA output
-2BW Lower
64.05 46.62 49.87
-1BW Lower
63.63 32.52 46.61
+1BW Upper
63.82 27.01 46.69
+2BW Upper
64.26 44.26 50.99
SourceMXG Vector AnalyzerPXA PA output Spectrum(Blue), PA+DPD Spectrum(Red) after one iteration to extract DPD coefficients
24
Predictive DPD using Simulation vs. Measurements

SIMULATION-BASED DPD ADS (predictive)
GG CO-SIM, MODELS
ADS & GoldenGate Circuits as simulated RF DUTs - Complex loading, memory FX, dynamic behaviors NVNA X-parameter measurement model, - Great for smaller solid-state devices
CO-SIM, MODELS
X-parameters
MODEL
N5241,2 PNA-X
RF DUT
MEASUREMENT-BASED DPD
89600 VSA
External Trigger
M9392A PXI VSA (>140MHz) or N9030A PXA (<140 MHz)
I,Q
N5182 MXG or E8257D PSG as external modulator
RF
Attenuator
M9330A AWG if > 100 MHz
RF DUT
25
Agenda
26
Satellite Communication System Simulation

Test platform is needed for SatComm systems to generate test signals and measurements Simulation Emulation Pre-qualification testing Replace system simulation models with RF hardware component, via the instrument link connector
Transmitter Satellite Transponder
Info Source
Signal Format
Channel Encode
Modulation
Transmit Filter
High-Power Amplifier
+
Channel Interferences
Transponder Filter
Info Sink
Signal Format
Channel Decode
DSP
Demodulation
RF Receiver
TWTA
AGC
Receiver BER Measurement

VSA Source MXG Sink
VSA Connector Structure
HW Receiver
MXG
27
Interface to Agilent Instruments Wideband AWG
28
Interface to Agilent Instruments

Capture from Signal Analyzer
VSA_89600_Source can capture data from MXA, PSA, PXA, Modular M9392, and Infiniuum Parameter settings listed in the following table, assuming you know:
SamplingRate SignalRange
Most SV examples provide a VSA setup file (.setx), to pre-configure the software parameters
29
Signal Generation and Measurement

M9330/ SystemVue/VSA M8190A Wideband PSG DUT Infiniuum 90000 Scope / M9392A VSA
1. SV generates wideband I/Q data, then downloads to M8190A, 81180A, M9330/N6030 AWG 2. Wideband analog test signal formed in M8190A and sent to analog I,Q inputs of PSG signal generator 3. Wideband microwave signals actually test the Analog/RF components 4. The DUT output is captured by a VSA (PXA or Infiniium scope) and brought back to the PC for analysis using 89600 VSA, or further signal processing using SystemVue.
30

with HPA working in leaner region
Spectrum, Waveform, Constellations, Phase Error, Mag Error, EVM
31

with nonlinear HPA
(Output P1dB=10 dBm, TOI=20 dBm)
32

with nonlinear HPA (Output P1dB=10 dBm, TOI=20 dBm, and phase noise )
33
Agenda
34
Algorithm design example: Phase error correction

Algorithm implementation and Trade-off analysis Replace system models with custom model and run simulation Compare the performances Example for phase correction algorithms
Transmitter
Info Source Signal Format Channel Encode Modulation Transmit Filter High-Power Amplifier
Satellite Transponder
+
Channel Interferences
Transponder Filter
Info Sink
Signal Format
Channel Decode
DSP
Demodulation
Receiver Filter
TWTA
AGC
Receiver
BER Measurement
C++ Model
Custom .m Algorithm
35
Satellite System with Phase Noise

Performance of communication systems with phase noise needs to be discussed. Performance case study shows that system performance degradation is directly related to phase noise random properties. To reduce the performance degradation, a phase error correction algorithm is proposed. Simulation results show that the algorithm works properly and the system bit error rate (BER) performance can be improved significantly.
36
Source Models
To observe how phase noise affects system performances in simulation a typical communication system model is structured in Figure 1.
Baseband Signal
RF Modulator
Channel
RF + DSP Receiver
At the receiver input the equivalent baseband received signal can be described as
37
Phase Noise
Assume that the phase noise is caused by the Oscillator in the RF modulator. As a typical example, the phase noise in (1) is modeled as a color Gaussian noise with a mean value and a power density spectrum
38
Ideal Signal without phase noise

Receiver constellation for the system without phase noise
39
Ideal Signal with phase noise

Receiver constellation for the system with phase noise
40
Ideal Signal with phase and amplitude noise

Receiver constellation for the system with phase and amplitude noise
41
Phase Error correction

An algorithm to correct the phase error is proposed for improving the system performances.
Receiver Filtering
Phase Error Estimation
Phase Error Compensation
DSP Receiver
42

The phase error correction algorithm de-rotates the constellation.
Phase Error Correction Algorithm
43

The Constellation is improved as seen in the following figures, in (a) the averaging signal states are biased from the ideal QPSK constellation in (b) the averaging signal states are aligned with the ideal QPSK constellation.
(a) Before Phase correction
(b) After Phase correction

44

The phase error correction also works for the system with both amplitude and phase noise. Below, the Constellation for the system with phase error correction is given and the phase rotation caused by the phase noise is corrected..
(a) Before Phase correction

45
(b) After Phase correction


BER for the system with both amplitude and phase noise, With the phase correction, the BER changes from very high to reasonable
BER With Phase Noise BER With Amplitude and Phase Noise 5.03E-1 2.1e-10
No Phase Correction With Phase Correction
4.8E-1 1.1E-12
Table 1. BER for the S Band Satellite system with 10 dB of Eb/No for Additive Noise (plus -40 dBm for phase noise)
46
Agenda
47
Example DVS-S2 Transmitter
48
Example DVB-S2 Receiver
49
Example DVB-S2 BER test, with ADS Co-sim

LDPC Coder
SystemVue ADS
DVB-S Source DVB-S Receiver
LDPC Decoder DVB-S PA

50
Example DVB-S2 System Results

DUT DVB PA
51
Example DSSS Satellite Communication

DSSS QPSK Transmitter: Flexible Spreading Code, Spreading Factor, Chip Rate, Number of
samples per Chip
DSSS QPSK Receiver: Timing and Frequency synchronization, Channel estimator and Rake
combiner.
52
Example DSSS Satellite Communication
It will be extended to other DSSS system (such as OQPSK, 8-PSK, 16-QAM and etc).
53
Example BeiDou B1 Satellite Navigation

Satellite Navigation is not like Satellite Communication. Its a message broadcasting system and it adopts DSSS modulation and BOC (Binary Offset Carrier) modulation.
54
BeiDou B1 Satellite Navigation measurements

Carrier Freq Tracking Spreading Code Phase Tracking
55
Example Custom OFDM Basic Frame Structure

Idle Preamble 1 Preamble 2 Data 1 Data 2
Block
Block
OFDM symbol
OFDM symbol
Block
Block
OFDM symbol
OFDM symbol
:Idle can be turned ON/OFF :Preamble1 can be turned ON/OFF
:Preamble2 can be turned ON/OFF

:Data 1 is mandatory :Data 2 can be turned ON/OFF
Preamble (1 and 2) sequence can be set as time-domain sequence or frequencydomain sequence
There are two kinds of pilots (Pilot1 and Pilot2) supported in Data 1 and Data 2. Both Pilot1 and Pilot2 can be turned ON/OFF.
56
Example Wideband Military Satellite
The above figure is from Ludong Wang and Jezek Bs paper, OFDM modulation schemes for military satellite communications, IEEE MILCOM 2008.
57
Example Wideband Military Satellite
58
Agenda
59
Summary
SystemVue provides a platform solution for designing and verification of satellite communication systems
o Modeling integration: SV integrates all SW models in C++, MATLAB code, math language, HDL code, together as a system. Without the integration, each different modeling format makes system-level PHY verification very difficult. o Test integration: SV integrates test instruments together as a system test tool. Without integration, each HW instrument only provides individual functionality. SystemVue integrates powerful system-level verification suites in software and hardware. o Unique Value: From functionality point of view Agilent Design-Verification-Test provides unique value in the following areas Embedded reference transmitters and receivers, to validate your systems earlier Custom waveform generation and integration of user IP, to customize test systems More sophisticated system-level measurements, including closed-loop tests, and tests of partial systems
Contact Agilent about SystemVues Early Access Program to evaluate new SatComm and SatNav capabilities http://www.agilent.com/find/eesof-systemvue-earlyaccess
60
For Additional Information:

SystemVue: Design Validation: Agilent SatComm Resource DVD: www.agilent.com/find/eesof-systemvue www.agilent.com/find/eesof-systemvue-dvt www.agilent.com/find/satcomm
At the websites above, Select Contact an Expert to get further information, or Contact your local Agilent EEsof EDA sales representative.
61
References
1. S. Benedetto, E. Biglieri, and V. Castellani, " Digital trunsmission theory, Prentice Hall International, Englewood Cliffs. New Jersey, 1987. D. Lu and K. Yao, "Estimation Variance Bounds of Importance Sampling Simulations in Digital Communication Systems," IEEE Trans. On Communications vol. 39, Oct., 1991, pp 1413-1417. Dingqing Lu, Quasi-Analytical Method For Estimating low False Alarm Rate, EuRAD2010, 2010. Dingqing Lu and Zhengrong Zhou, "Integrated Solutions for testing Wireless Communication Systems," IEEE Com Mag, June, 2011
Authors contact information: dingqing_lu@agilent.com
2.
3. 4.
62
You are Invited
Multi-Technology RF Module Design Methodology August 2 10:00 am PT

Jack Sifri MMIC Design Flow Specialist Agilent EEsof EDA
Copyright 2012 Agilent Technologies

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Welcome

Dingqing Lu Sr. Application Specialist Agilent EEsof EDA

Satellite Comms PHY Design Challenges

Test & Measurement

A unifying, system-level approach

Satellite Communication Systems

Earth Transmitting Station

Uplink Satellite Downlink

Channel Interferences Waveform, Spectrum Constellation, EVM Measurements

Satellite Link Simulation in SystemVue

Key Models for SatComm

Key Modulation Types in Satellite Navigation: DSSS and BOC

BOC: (binary offset carrier)

Advanced Applications for Satellite Systems

Custom Satellite DSSS (direct-sequence spread spectrum) System

Broadcasting Direct Broadcast Satellite

Satellite Navigation Galileo: E1/E5 GPS : L1/L2/L5/L1C/L2C BeiDou: B1

SystemVue model set Modulation

SystemVue model set High Power Amplifier

SystemVue model set Satellite Channel Model

Modeling Satellite RF Components

RF Design Flow modeling interfaces (system prediction or system verification)

SystemVue Satellite Transponder (math language)

Inline math model, or direct MATLAB

Modeling Satellite components using RF_LINK

Modeling Satellite components using Co-simulation

SystemVue Dataflow ADS Dataflow/Ckt

Advanced Application: Digital Pre-Distortion for digital satellite TWTA or HPA

Steps to Achieving Digital Pre-distortion (DPD)

Theory of Operation Desired Pout

Max Correctable Pin

5-Step Measurement-Based DPD Modeling Flow

3. Extract DPD Model

4. Capture DPD+PA Response

5. Verify DPD+PA Response

DPD of 1000W TWTA PA w/o RF Feed Forward

DPD of 1000W TWTA PA w/o RF Feed Forward

DPD of 1000W TWTA PA w/o RF Feed Forward

Predictive DPD using Simulation vs. Measurements

M9392A PXI VSA (>140MHz) or N9030A PXA (<140 MHz)

M9330A AWG if > 100 MHz

Satellite Communication System Simulation

Receiver BER Measurement

VSA Connector Structure

Interface to Agilent Instruments Wideband AWG

Interface to Agilent Instruments

Signal Generation and Measurement

Satellite Communication System Simulation

Satellite Communication System Simulation

Spectrum, Waveform, Constellations, Phase Error, Mag Error, EVM

Satellite Communication System Simulation

Algorithm design example: Phase error correction

Satellite System with Phase Noise

Ideal Signal without phase noise

Ideal Signal with phase noise

Ideal Signal with phase and amplitude noise

Phase Error correction

Phase Error Estimation

Phase Error Compensation

Phase Error correction

Phase Error Correction Algorithm

Phase Error correction

(a) Before Phase correction

(b) After Phase correction