Abstraction Design and Reuse

Abstraction Design & Reuse
in Pre-specific modeling of architecture

Nikola Marincic
Architects are never working directly with the object of their thought, always working at it through some intervening medium (almost always the drawing, while painters and sculptors, who might spend some time working on preliminary sketches and models, all ended up working on the thing itself).
Robin Evans, The Projective Cast, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995, pp. 286-287.
Temple of Fortuna Virilis, Plan: Palladio, Andrea. The Four Books on Architecture. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1997. Print.
/ ITA Institute of Technology in Architecture / Faculty of Architecture / ETH Zurich / Chair for CAAD / Nikola Marincic / Abstraction Design & Reuse / 22.02.2013. / 2
Architects are never working directly with the object of their thought, always working at it through some intervening medium (almost always the drawing, while painters and sculptors, who might spend some time working on preliminary sketches and models, all ended up working on the thing itself).
Robin Evans, The Projective Cast, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995, pp. 286-287.
...design medium
Layer1 architect
thinking about design: concept, motivation, goal, phenomena... (thinking order)
Layer2 symbolizing, articulating, expressing, memorizing (designing order) design medium
Layer 3 built object
building itself (expressing order)
Layer1 architect
thinking about design: concept, motivation, goal, phenomena... (thinking order)
Layer2 symbolizing, articulating, expressing, memorizing (designing order) design medium
Layer 3 built object
building itself (expressing order)
icnograa, ortograa, scenograa
Perspective machine, Albrecht Drer, Four Books on Measurement
diagrams, models , photos, films...

OMA, Trs Grande Bibliothque (Very Big Library) Paris, France, Competition 1989
computers
story of computerized design tools is the story of how computer programs are defining this medium design tools are also concerned with making it operable in a way that it is possible to describe certain view on architectural artifacts within itself.
Each program represents a certain model of architecture, usually in a form of imagery - usually simulating geometrical virtual space where we symbolize architectural elements via geometry.
Tools are creating architectural abstractions, in a form of virtuality, and finally rendering them in a form of a technical language, necessary to translate them to reality
How these abstractions are designed, and how we can operate on them is the key of understanding the power and the limits of contemporary design tools
genealogy of computerized design tools
CAD
digitizing the analogue point, line, circle... copy, rotate, scale, trim... group, layer
3D CAD / BIM
Solid Modelers Surface Modelers / Visualisation Drawing + Modeling Integration
Issues
manual work single level of abstraction non-flexible scale of complexity
Specific modeling
Direct relation between concrete element and symbolization of the element Bounded to the topography of virtual space / simulating euclidian space Geometrical relations between the elements Top down, representative No abstraction
Aristocracy of lines, geometry that is assembled from circular arcs, his own version of the Vitruvian Figures aesthetical ethic of the whole made up of discrete parts. If any part of the line is changed, all the others have to be recalculated and redrawn separately to be re-integrated into the line.
Greg Lynn FORM, drawing comparing composite and spline curves, Animate Form, 1999
Parametrics
... second curve is dened by a spline geometry based on the ow of forces through the curve; this force is regulated by the position of the triangular handles.
Continuity Flow of forces Control Rules Bottom up, operative
control
Image description
EVERYONE DOING THE SAME

Image description
Topology / Topography
From On Growth and Form, by Darcy Wentworth Thompson, Cambridge University Press, 1917, 1942, 1952
File > New

File > New ?

How can design tools challenge IT?
How can we model architecture without specifying direct relation between representational symbol and concrete elements being modeled, but with relation-ability of architectural abstractions?
How can we model architecture without specifying direct relation between representational symbol and concrete elements being modeled, but with relation-ability of architectural abstractions? How can we design tools in a way that we dont start from tabula rasa design conditions but from abundance of existing content available on internet with with which we can empower these abstractions?
Proposed solution
Proposed solution
Digital diagrams of levels of abstraction
Proposed solution
Self-organizing map
Proposed solution
Self-organizing map Parametric model
Proposed solution
Self-organizing map Parametric model
Digital diagrams
on different levels of abstraction
Operating between form and word, space and language, the diagram is both constitutive and projective. It is performative rather than representational.
Anthony Vidler, Architectural Principles in the age of Cybernetics
Kazuyo Sejima, Project for Middle Rise Housing Prototypes, 1995. Plans. Assemblage 30 (August 1996)
Ludger Hovestadt: A4-digitales Bauen, 1994
V1
V1a
V2
V3
V4
V5
H1
F:1
L1_C0_0011
F:2
F:29
F:54
F:30 F:3 F:32 F:31

L1_C2_0001
F:55 F:56 F:57
F:4
F:5
+2
F:33
F:56 F:58 F:59 F:60
F:61 F:62 F:63
F:55
F:6
L1_C0_0011
F:7
F:1
L1_C2_0002
F:34
H2
F:57 F:64 F:65 F:66
F:8
F:9
F:35 F:39
F:10
F:40
L1_C0_0007
L1_C4_0001
F:11
F:58
F:36
F:59
F:60
F:37
F:38
L1_C0_0011
F:41
H3
L1_C0_0008
F:12
L1_C0_0012
F:13
F:14
F:42
F:15
F:43
F:16
F:17
F:18
F:20
L1_C0_0012 L1_C0_0011 L1_C0_0011
F:44
L1_C0_0022 L1_C0_0022
F:45
H4
F:21
F:22
F:46
F:23
L1_C0_0009
+1
L1_C0_0013
L1_C0_0016
L1_C0_0017
F:25
L1_C0_0014
F:26 F:48
H5
F:49
F:50
F:51
F:27 F:52
F:53
L1_C3_0001
L1_C0_0025
H6
H6a
L1_C2_0001
L1_C0_0024
L1_C0_0023
F:47
F:24
P
BUILDING SERVICE A BUILDING SERVICE B BUILDING SERVICE C
Parametric Model
and the logic of form
Michael Hansmeyer, Subdivided Columns - A New Order, 2010

Self-Organizing Map
and the clustering of architectural concepts
Self-Organizing Map
content
Parametric Models
form
Double articulation
ORGAN
Development of these tools

LEVEL 1: local reuse / local memory
LEVEL 2: global reuse / internet
THANK YOU

Abstraction Design and Reuse

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Abstraction Design & Reuse

in Pre-specific modeling of architecture

thinking about design: concept, motivation, goal, phenomena... (thinking order)

Layer2 symbolizing, articulating, expressing, memorizing (designing order) design medium

Layer 3 built object

building itself (expressing order)

thinking about design: concept, motivation, goal, phenomena... (thinking order)

Layer2 symbolizing, articulating, expressing, memorizing (designing order) design medium

Layer 3 built object

building itself (expressing order)

icnograa, ortograa, scenograa

Perspective machine, Albrecht Drer, Four Books on Measurement

diagrams, models , photos, films...

genealogy of computerized design tools

Continuity Flow of forces Control Rules Bottom up, operative

EVERYONE DOING THE SAME

File > New

File > New ?

How can design tools challenge IT?

Self-organizing map Parametric model

Self-organizing map Parametric model

Ludger Hovestadt: A4-digitales Bauen, 1994

F:30 F:3 F:32 F:31

F:57 F:64 F:65 F:66

and the logic of form

Michael Hansmeyer, Subdivided Columns - A New Order, 2010

Development of these tools

LEVEL 2: global reuse / internet

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