NAME OF AETIOLOGY&FEAT EPIDEMIOLOGY- PATHOGENESIS CLIN

DISEASE URES SOURCE(S),MODE(RO INC

UTE,) OF
TRANSMISSIN(RT),SEN
SITIVE
PATIENT,VECTORS
Amebiasis(ant E. histolytica, Enter the organism of Pathogen(s) of Seld
hroponosis)(20 Biological forms a healthy person with- Amebiasis: dev
) are-cyst, vegetables, protozoa. In the hist
trophozoite. water,food. Excreted human body the form
Vegetative forms into the external vegetative form cuta
are-tissue environment from the of E.histolytica unc
form(important organism of infected abd
usually
role ) , lumen persons in - the feces. indi
form
parasitizes-large
Cysts of Flat
intestine. In the
E.histolytica remain abd
large intestine-the
alive in the external digestive tract of in t
environment- the human body of i
several months.S- are the major low
man. R.T-fecal_oral. pathologic mild
Way(s) of (anatomic,morphol &d
transmission- ogical) changes in
alimentary. Factor(s) amebiasis localized.
of transmission in E. hystolitica may
Amebiasis—food, parasitize in- the
water, tissues of the colon
vegetable,fruits, wall,liver,lungs,brai
household utensis n,kidneys,pancreas.
Part(s) of the
gastrointestinal
tract may be
affected in
amebiasis-the
terminal ileum,the
cecum,the
ppendix,ascending
colon, terminal
ileum,
cecum,transverse
colon, descending
colon,
rectum. More
frequently-cecum,
ascending colon.
Morphological
changes in case
of amebiasi-
abscesses in
different
 organs,ulcerative
process in the colon
wall, local necrosis
in the colon
wall.There is
hematogenous
dissemination occur
in amebiasis. The
pathological
process in
cutaneous
amebiasis develop
mainly-perianal
region, buttock
region,perineum(ge
nitalia). Relapses of
amebiasis occur-
frequently. Chronic
amebiasis may
persist for- many
months & years.
Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma S-wild Reproductive Mai
(zoonosis)(21) gondii. Biological animals,domestic phases- con
form(s) of animals, human,cat. sexual,asexual. acu
T.gondii- Intermediate host- Sexual 1_5
bradyzoites, human, reproductionin &oc
sporozoites, cattle,domestic the organism of –fev
cyst&- animals, cat. Asexual hea
bradyzoites(respo wild animals,birds, reproduction-in men
nsible forchronic rodents. Definitive the human vom
infection), host-cat.R.T- organism.In the seq
oocysts, vertical,alimentary cattle organism. Con
tachyzoites, transplacental. organ(s) of the toxo
sporozoites.Tissue Factor(s) of body T. gondii may Tox
form(s)- transmission-fruits, infect-limph cho
bradyzoites. meat,, nodes,Liver, atro
Epidemiological pork,water,veal, Brain, lung, eye, infe
form(s)- acquired, mutton,-poultry reproductive preg
congenital products, organs, heart preg
vegetables. T.gondii muscles,skeletal toxo
inside of tissue cyst muscles, smooth the
muscles, eye, from
may remain viable
pancreas, sub
for many years gastrointestinal limp
tract,Kidney,bone min
morrow toxo
mot
trim
trim
chr
 mild
hep
,Lym
reac
into
Malarial 4 species- Reservoir of Infective agents of I.P i
plasmodium(2 Vivax(widest infection in malaria malarial parasites in v
2) distributionthroug is-man. in the human body 15
Ronald Ross- hout the world S&Definitive host of mosquitoes are Typ
discovered the is),malariae – man. When concentrated in- be
most (most chronic gametocytes are salivary glands. The stag
important malaria), formed malarial following species of stag
means of ovale(least patient becomes as a malarial parasites ma
transmission incidence), source of infection. have a slee
of malaria . falciparum(sever Malaria may be tissue(exerythrociti unc
est malaria). In transmitted by c) phase of skin
India most of Mosquitos. Forms of development- low
P.malariae- malarial parasites P.vivax, P.ovale, resp
Karnataka. Not are infective to P.falciparum, arry
persistent tissue man- sporozoites. P.malaria. rem
phase in malaria infective Erythrocitic reflx
caused by- to mosquito- phase of pup
gametocyte development in the
P.falciparum
P.vivax, twit
P.malariae P.ovale,P.falciparum feca
,P.malaria.In the inco
female anopheles
mosquitoAll species
of malarial
plasmodia have a
sexual cycle of
development.
Asexual cycle -
human. True
regarding malaria
parasites- P.vivax
develops most
easily in the
youngest
erythrocytes,
P.falciparum affects
all stages of the red
cells,P.malaria
develops most
easily in older
erythrocytes.Durat
ion of
erythrocytic cycle
is 48 hours in
malaria,caused
by-P.vivax,P.ovale,
P.falciparum, 72
hours in malaria
caused by-
P.malariae. Kind of
immunity- repeated
infection may
occur, nonsterile
immunity,does not
produce long
immunity, repeated
infection may
occur.