LECTURE 10 SHORT QUESTION: 1. What are possible causes of global warming.

ANSWER: The burning of coal, oil, and gas was intensifying the greenhouse effect by increasing the percentage of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Coal, oil, and gas are all fossil fuelsgeologically stored remnants of past organic processes. Carbon dioxide is the most common gas produced in fossil fuel combustion. 2. Why seasonal changes to the earth occurs all year round? ANSWER: The seasons occur because the axis on which the earth turns is tilted with respect to the plane of the earths orbit around the sun. The earths tilt causes the North Pole to be closer to the sun than the South Pole for half of the year, and the South Pole to be closer to the sun than the North Pole for the other half of the year. The hemisphere that is tilted toward the sun has a longer day, receives more of the suns rays, and receives the suns rays more directly than the hemisphere tilted away from the sun. When it is summer in the northern hemisphere, this hemisphere is tilted toward the sun. This corresponds to winter in the southern hemisphere, when the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun. If the earths axis was not tilted, each night and day everywhere on the earth would always be 12 hours long and there would be no seasons. The axis of the planet Mars is also tilted with respect to the plane of Marss orbit around the sun, so Mars experiences seasons much like those of Earth. OBJECTIVE:

1. On about March 21 and September 23, both hemispheres are the same distance from the sun and the sun is said to be at an_______________. A. solstice B. equinox C. Spring solstice D. Winter equinox ANSWER: B 2. Tropical cyclones are storms with sustained winds in excess of 120 km/h. They form over warm, tropical waters between 5 and 20 latitude, where the winds are light and the humidity is high.Which of the followings are classified as types of tropical cyclones. A B. C. D. hurricanes and typhoons sandstorm and lightning storm air masses storm cloud and precipation

ANSWER: A

LECTURE 11: SHORT QUESTION: 1.The weather disaster such as El Nio has caused a number of changes to the world climate. Explain some of these changes. ANSWER: -- has caused very dry weather. --The spring and summer brought the worst drought in more than a decade, forcing water rationing of one sort or another in most of the state. --the lack of rainfall had led to the worst forest fire conditions ever recorded in Florida's history; state officials reported that more than 543,000 acres had burned between January and mid-August, in contrast to only 71,471 acres lost to fire in all of 1980. 3. List down some instruments used for meteorological measurement. ANSWER: --Meteorological Satellites. The Explorer VII satellite is only the beginning of what will likely be a long series of meteorological satellites. To measure the radiant energy balance of the earth, was designed by Prof. Verner Suomi of the University of Wisconsin. By means of complex atmospheric models and the utilization of one of the very speedy electronic computers, he will attempt to learn with actual data for the first time how the earth maintains a fine balance between the heat received from the sun and that which the earth, itself, gives back to space in another form. --Meteorological Rockets. The meteorological rocket is another valuable instrument that took on new importance in 1959 for day-to-day weather observations. The imminent prospect of a steady flow of weather data from satellites enhanced rather than diminished the value of the rocket observations. They will provide the connecting links between the observations now made by weather balloons reaching to heights of about 50km. and those made by the satellite orbiting more than 500km. above the earth.

--Electronic Weather Computer. A giant electronic "brain" is solving weather problems for the U.S. Air Force. The machine assimilates millions of weather measurements and data, analyzes them mathematically, making a million decisions a minute, and provides answers concerning expected wind, rain, snow, humidity, and temperatures the world over. The device, an IBM 705 data-processing machine constructed by the International Business Machines Corp., does not predict day-to-day weather. Instead it tells about long-term average conditions essential to planning flights and other weather-dependent projects. OBJECTIVE: 1. What is a La Nia? A. La Nia is characterized by unusually cold ocean temperatures in the equatorial Pacific. B.La Nia is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatues in the equatorial Pacific. C.La Nia is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatues in the equatorial Atlantic. D.La Nia is characterized by unusually cold ocean temperatues in the equatorial Atlantic. ANSWER: A 2.The instrument that measure air pressure is called __________. A. thermometer B. sling psychrometer C. barometer D. rain gauge ANSWER: C