By

Nitin Oke
For
State Level meet of Maharashtra
state electricity officers association

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 What are we talking about ?
• The name energy is derived from Greek name “
energeia ” which means “activity” the phenomenon
appeared first in book by name “Nicomachean
Ethics” of Aristotle in the 4th century BC.
• In 1807, Thomas Young was the first to use the
term "energy" in its modern sense.
• Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis described "kinetic
energy" in 1829 in its modern sense,
• 1853, William Rankine coined the term "potential
energy."
• During these years whether energy was a
substance (the caloric) or merely a physical
quantity, was a big debet.
By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com
 What are we talking about ?
Now we know different forms of energies The forms of
energy are often named after a related force. The forms are

– Kinetic – Potential
– Wind – elastic
– mechanical – Gravitational
– sound – tiadal
– thermal – Water in damps
– light – Nuclear
– electromagnetic – Solar
energy – mass
By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com
 Energy and Human
• The human under
evolution first got the
aquanauts with kinetic
energy as they realize
the importance of
speed during hunting
• Next energy was
mechanical when he
moved large heavy
objects using trunk of
a tree.

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Energy and Human
• The next energy was
obviously heat through
flames one of the
greatest discovery of
mankind
• In due course of
development he was
able to use mechanical,
kinetic and heat
energy with proper
care he came to know
about chemical energy
By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com
 Energy and Human
• The science was
developing Joule,
Volta, Faraday,
Einstein gave inter
relations and possible
conversions of energy.
• Greatest break
through was Einstein’s
mass energy relation
E = mc2

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 European industrial development
• This event changed
file:///C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/Desktop/Energy/James Watt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia_files/180px-James_Watt's_Workshop.jpg

file:///C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/Desktop/Energy/James Watt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia_files/240px-SteamEngine_Boulton&Watt_1784.jpg

energy to power
in every sense of dictionary.
– The labors were replaced by
machines in three major fields 1780
– Industry
– Agriculture
– Transport

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

Agriculture Transport Industry

file:///C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/Desktop/Energy/Industrial Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia_files/180px-JohnFowlerTractionEngine.JPG

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Need turns into greed
8000
Population Per person
Year Total energy
x106 energy (kWH)
6000
1450 30 600 180
1550 40 600 240
4000
1650 55 600 330
1750 70 600 420
2000
1850 120 900 1080
19500 300 2400 7200
2050 1450 10501650 4750
1850 50000
2050
By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com
 Evident Imbalance

Developed Developing
country country
population %
20 80

Energy
consumption 80 20
%

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FUEL, 2003
In Million tones oil equivalent
Natural
  oil Coal Nuclear Hydro Total
gas

USA 914.3 566.8 573.9 181.9 60.9 2297.8

UK 76.8 85.7 39.1 20.1 1.3 223.2

China 275.2 29.5 799.7 9.8 64 1178.3

India 113.3 27.1 185.3 4.1 15.6 345.3

Pakistan 17 19 2.7 0.4 5.6 44.8

World 3636.6 2331.9 2578.4 598.8 595.4 9741.1

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Need turns into greed

Source Units 1994 -95 2001-02 2006-07 2011-12

Electricity Billion 289.36 480.08 712.67 1067.88

Coal Million tones 76.67 109.01 134.99 173.47

Lignite Million tones 4.85 11.69 16.02 19.7

Natural gas Million cubic meters 9880 15730 18291 20853

Oil products Million tones 63.55 99.89 139.95 196.47

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Do you know - - -
• Petroleum-powered vehicles are very inefficient.
Only about 15 & percnt of the energy from the
fuel they consume is converted into useful
motion.
• 3,700,000 tons of carbon dioxide CO2 could be
the primary cause of global warming.
• The energy content of a kilogram of uranium or
thorium, if spent nuclear fuel is reprocessed and
fully utilized, is equivalent to about 3.5 million
kilograms of coal.

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 So the problem is - - -
• The maximum energy utilized is fossil
energy which will come to an end in finite
amount of time
• Even if solar, wind, tidal energies are
available their efficiency is very low.
• The problem of green house gasses will
be at its top as we consume fossil fuel
• The energy to which we have addiction is
electricity and it CAN NOT BE STORED
By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com
 What about solutions?
• Certainly there are solutions!
–To find solution time
management is essential,
because to device a solution,
we will need energy.

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Solutions number ONE
• Bio mass: Using garbage of vegetation methane can be
obtained which can directly used to produce heat or light.
• Vegetation and wood can be burned directly to generate
energy, like fossil fuels, or processed to form alcohols.
• Vegetable oil can also be transesterified to make biodiesel,
which burns like normal diesel.
• Agriculture has the potential to produce far more vegetable
oil per acre than current plants
• Current production methods would require enormous
amounts of land to replace all petrol products and diesel.
With current technology, it is not feasible for bio fuel
to replace the demand for petroleum
• Interest of big multinational companies to stop bio fuels

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Solutions number TWO
• Wind Power: This power was
most useful at earlier days
during sailing or to run a mill.
• Its installation charge is more
but latter on there are very less
maintenance charges
• We get directly the motion which
can be converted into electric
power using generator.
• For local energy problems like
grinding, water pump, few
machines it can be used directly.

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Solutions number TWO
• Wind Power: Instead
Offshore Wind Turbines
of conventional wind
power one can have
 Winds blow more than
windtwice
towers on sea
as fast at a few
shower or in meters
hundred sea.
offshore compared to
when at land
 The power output of a
turbine is a function of
the cube of the wind
speed
 They are built in waters
of up to about 40
meters deep
Hansel Dy ... 5 BS ECE ... CE 195.1
By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com
 Solutions number THREE
• Tidal Power: The waves in sea is
continuous source of energy a
turbine can be rotated by
increased amount of water in a
damp to produce electricity.
• The motion of a turbine by a
stroke of a wave can be
converted into electricity

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Solutions number Four
• Geothermal power: The form is only available at
certain geologically imbalance regions where tectonic
plates are pushing each other.
• Twin wells are drilled near hot rock region from one
water is pushed in and steam comes from other to
rotate turbine.
• Geothermal power stations are relatively small,
and have a lesser impact on the environment
because it does not rely on large bodies of water.
• Some geothermal stations have created
geological instability, even causing earthquakes
strong enough to damage buildings

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com

 Solutions number Five
• Solar power from space:

This form of power may go

directly to individual units
without grid network. But - - -
By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com
 Solutions number Six
• Power from micro- organisms: Similar
to plants microorganisms can also
prepare their food from sun light and
CO2. These microorganism may be
linked with either silicon or suitable
material so this pack will act as
portable cell which can directly turn
solar power into electrical one. This
source is expected future source of
energy.
• The technology may be extended to
join this chloroplast generator with
human genome to make human self
sufficient of energy.

By : Nitin Oke “ Yaa” Jatharpeth Road Akola okenitin@gmail.com