Human Behavior in Organization

Importance o It is important to know people, as individuals and as groups, acts in the organization.

Goals o o o o To decide understand Predict control

Nature of People o o o o o o Individual Difference Law of Individual Difference Perception A Whole Person Desire for Involvement Value of the Person Motivated Behavior

organizational excellence begins with the performance of people o It is what people do or do not do that ultimately determines what the organizations can or cannot become.

The issue is how to motivate people! o Motivate people towards excellent performance! It is our primary tasks as managers

o o The question is What is Motivation? It refers To the WHY and CAUSE of behaviour Motivation is the strength of the drive towards an action. Basic Motivation Model

Goal Ability Needs and Drives- Tension Effort- Performance- Rewards

------------------------------Needs Satisfaction<-----------------------------------------I

Influence of Culture: 1. Self-Esteem or Amor-propio: sensistive to words or action of others 2. Embarrassment or hiya: behaving in what is deemed to be an acceptable way 3. Obligation or Utang na Loob:repaying favors 4. Getting Along Together or Pakikisama:SIR(Smooth Interpersonal Relations) that may lead to inefficiencies

Needs Satisfaction: Why do we have to satisfy their needs? o They behave in order to satisfy their needs.

NEEDS SATISFACTION APPROACH TO MOTIVATION Internal Needs-Behavior-Outcome --------Needs Satisfaction------l

MASLOWS HEIRARCHY OF NEEDS

-a satisfied need is no longer a motivator! -as one need is satisfied, another emerges. GROUP AND WORK BEHAVIOR Elements of a Group What is a group?----common interests and goals binds the members of a group How do we differentiate a group from an individual and an organization Types of a Group: Basis of comparison General nature Major concepts Primary focus Source of leader power Formal Group and Informal Group Informal unofficial power and politics person given by group Formal official authority and responsibility position delegated by management

Guidelines for behaviour Sources of control

Norms Sanctions

Rules Rewards and penalties

STRESS MANAGEMENT AT WORK -Stress is the wear and tear our minds and bodies experience as we attempt to cope with our continually changing environment. Stress Feelings Worry Depressed Types of Stress -External -Internal Tense Anxious Tired Anger Frightened Elated

External Stressors Physical Environment Major Life Events Social Interaction Daily Hassles Organizational

Physical Environment Noise Social Interaction Rudeness Organizational Rules Major Life Events Birth Daily hassles Death Lost job Prom Marital Status change Regulations Red-tape Deadlines Bossiness Aggressiveness by others Bullying Bright Lights Heat Confined Spaces

Commuting

Misplaced keys

Mechanical breakdowns

INTERNAL STRESSORS Lifestyle choices-caffeine, lack of sleep, overloaded schedules Negative self-talk: pessimistic thinking, self-criticism, over-analysing Mind traps: unrealistic expectations, talking things personally, all or nothing thinking, exaggeration, rigid thinking Personality traits: perfectionists, workaholics KINDS of STRESS Negative stress-It is contributory factor in minor conditions, such as headaches, digestive problems, skin complaints, insomnia and ulcers. Excessive, prolonged and unrelieved stress can have a harmful effect on mental, physical and spiritual health. Positive stress-Stress can also have a positive effects in spurring motivation and awareness, proving the stimulation to cope with challenging situations. Stress also provides the sense of urgency and alertness needed for survival when confronting threatening situations. 1. FACTORS INFLUENCING WORK STRESS 1. The drive for success 2. Changing work patterns 3. Working conditions 4. Overwork 5. Under-work 6. Uncertainty 7. Conflict 8. Responsibility 9. Relationships at work 10.Change at work

Responsibility:the greater the level of responsibility the greater the potential level of stress