S-C-5-3_Periodic Trends Worksheet and KEY Periodic Trends Worksheet Name ________________________________ 1.

Using the data below, make a bar graph of atomic radius vs. atomic number for Group 2A and for Period 3 of the periodic table. Group 2A Element Atomic Number Be 4 Mg 12 Ca 20 Sr 38 Ba 56 Atomic Radius 1.11 1.60 1.97 2.15 2.17
Element Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar Period 3 Atomic Number 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Atomic Radius 1.86 1.60 1.43 1.17 1.10 1.04 0.99 0.94

2.2 2
Ato mic 1.6 Radi us 1.4

1.8

1.2 1
4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80

Atomic Number

2 1.8 1.6
Ato 1.4 mic Radi us 1.2

1 .8
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Atomic Number

S-C-5-3_Periodic Trends Worksheet and KEY 2. What trends do you notice for the atomic radii of Group 2A? 3. What trends do you notice for the atomic radii of Period 3? 4. Explain why this trend occurs. 5. Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an element. Using the ionization energies of the elements in Period 2 listed below, make a line graph the values vs. atomic number. Period 2 Element Li Be B C IE (kJ/mole) 519 900 799 1088 Element N O F Ne IE (kJ/mole) 1406 1314 1682 2080

6. On the same graph, make a line graph the first three atoms in Group 2A listed below in a different color. Group 2A Element IE (kJ/mole) Be 900 Mg 736 Ca 590 2100 1800 1500
Ioniz ation 900 Ener gy 600

1200

300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Atomic Number

7. What trend do you notice for the ionization energies in Period 2? 8. What trend do you notice for the ionization energies of Group 2A? 9. Explain why this trend occurs.

S-C-5-3_Periodic Trends Worksheet and KEY 10. For each of the following, circle or highlight the correct element that best matches the statement on the right. Li N K S Al Ga V Te Si Li As H Hg Na Pb B Ca Si P Ca Cl Si Al Nb I Ge Be Se Li Tl Mg Bi C Sc S As Sc Ar P Si Ta Xe Sn B Br Na Pb Al Po N Ti metal smallest ionization energy largest atomic mass member of the halogen family greatest electron affinity largest atomic radius largest atomic number member of noble gases 4 energy levels member of alkali metals 6 valence electrons nonmetal member of transition metals electron distribution ending in s2p1 metalloid gas at room temperature electron distribution ending in s2d2

Source: http://www.gpb.org/files/pdfs/gpbclassroom/chemistry/periodicTableTrendsWkst.pdf

S-C-5-3_Periodic Trends Worksheet and KEY ANSWER KEY Periodic Trends Worksheet 1. Using the data below, make a bar graph of atomic radius vs. atomic number for Group 2A and for Period 3 of the periodic table. Group 2A Element Atomic Number Be 4 Mg 12 Ca 20 Sr 38 Ba 56 Atomic Radius 1.11 1.60 1.97 2.15 2.17
Element Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar Period 3 Atomic Number 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Atomic Radius 1.86 1.60 1.43 1.17 1.10 1.04 0.99 0.94

Atom ic R adiusvs . Atom ic Num ber (G roup 2A)

2.5 2 Atom ic R adius 1.5 1 0.5 0 4 8 1 21 62 0 24 2 83 2 36 4 04 4 48 5 2 56 Atom ic Num ber

Atom ic Radiusvs . Atom ic Num ber (P eriod 3)

2 1.5 Atom ic R adius 1 0.5 0 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Atom ic Num ber 2. What trends do you notice for the atomic radii of Group 2A? The atomic radius gets larger as atomic number increases.

S-C-5-3_Periodic Trends Worksheet and KEY 3. What trends do you notice for the atomic radii of Period 3? The atomic radius gets smaller as atomic number increases. 4. Explain why this trend occurs. Going from left to right across a period, the size gets smaller. Electrons are in the same energy level, but there is more nuclear charge (more protons). The increased charge pulls electrons in closer. 5. Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an element. Using the ionization energies of the elements in Period 2 listed below, make a line graph the ionization energy values vs. atomic number. Period 2 Element Li Be B C IE (kJ/mole) 519 900 799 1088 Element N O F Ne IE (kJ/mole) 1406 1314 1682 2080

6. On the same graph, make a line graph the first three atoms in Group 2A listed below in a different color. Group 2A Element IE (kJ/mole) Be 900 Mg 736 Ca 590

Ionization E nerg y vs. Atom ic Num ber

2500 2000
IE (kJ/m ole)

1500 1000 500 0

11 13 15 17
Atom ic Num ber

Period 2 Group 2A

7. What trend do you notice for the ionization energies in Period 2? They go up as the atomic number increases. 8. What trend do you notice for the ionization energies of Group 2A? They go down as the atomic number increases.

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S-C-5-3_Periodic Trends Worksheet and KEY 9. Explain why this trend occurs. Going down a group, the IE decreases because the (e-) is further away from the attraction of the (+) nucleus. A lower IE means is takes less energy to remove the (e-). 10. For each of the following, circle or highlight the correct element that best matches the statement on the right.
Li N K S Al Ga V Te Si Li As H Hg Na Pb B Ca Si P Ca Cl Si Al Nb I Ge Be Se Li Tl Mg Bi C Sc S As Sc Ar P Si Ta Xe Sn B Br Na Pb Al Po N Ti metal smallest ionization energy largest atomic mass member of the halogen family greatest electronegativity largest atomic radius largest atomic number member of noble gases 4 energy levels member of alkali metals 6 valence electrons nonmetal member of transition metals electron distribution of: 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p1 metalloid gas at room temperature electron distribution of: 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d2 4s2

Source: http://www.gpb.org/files/pdfs/gpbclassroom/chemistry/periodicTableTrendsWkst.pdf