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Code: 9D12101 M.Tech - Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2012 ADVANCED SOIL MECHANICS (Geotechnical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 60 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) (b) 2 3 (a) (b) Describe with neat sketches the basic structural units of clay minerals. Discuss in brief about inter atomic and inter molecular bonds. Discuss in detail various engineering properties of clay minerals.

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Write short notes on: (i) Phreatic line (ii) Critical hydraulic gradient. (iii) Quick sand (iv) Seepage pressure. A foundation trench is to be excavated in a stratum of stiff clay 10 m thick underlain by a bed of sand. In a trial borehole, the ground water is expected to rise to an elevation of 3.5 m below ground surface. Find the depth to which the excavation can safely carried out without the danger of the bottom becoming unstable under uplift pressure of ground water. The specific gravity of clay is 2.75, e = 0.8. If excavation is to be carried out safely up to 8 m, how much should the water table to be lowered? Define the pore pressure parameters A, B, and A f In a triaxial test a soil specimen was consolidated under an all-round pressure of 800 kN/m2 and a back pressure of 400 kN/m2. Thereafter, under undrained conditions, the all-round pressure was raised to 900 kN/m2, resulting in a pore water pressure of 495 kN/m2, then (with all-round pressure remaining at 900 kN/m2) axial load was applied to give a principal stress difference of 585 kN/m2 and a pore water pressure of 660 kN/m2. Calculate the various of porepressure coefficients A and B. What is Hvorslevs strength theory? How does it differ from the Mohr-Coulomb theory? What is liquefaction? How the liquefaction can be prevented? What is meant by plain strain and plain stress? Derive the relationship between plain strain and plain stress analytically. Explain the concept of Mohrs diagram. What are the components of the total settlement of a saturated compressible clay soil under load? How is each of these components evaluated? The soil profile at a site consists of 5 m of medium sand of dry unit weight of 17 kN/m3, underlain by a normally consolidated layer of clay 2.0 m thick. The initial viod ratio of clay is 1.0, its saturated unit weight is 20 kN/m3 and its liquid limit is 50%. The ground water table is at the top of the clay layer. A square footing 2.0 m 2.0 m is founded at a depth of 1.0 m below the ground level at the site. The load on the footing is 1200 kN. Calculate the settlement of the footing due to consolidation of the clay layer. Describe clearly the Mohr-Coulomb failure envelope theory. List out the various tests for determining strength of soils. Explain any one of them in detail. *****

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