INFORMATION STORAGE MANAGEMENT

PRACTICAL NO.2

Report ON RAID :BUISNESS CASE STUDY

Submitted by: 152: Jayati Agrawal

RAID Concept RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is an acronym first used in a 1988 paper by Berkeley researchers Patterson, Gibson and Katz. It described array configuration and applications for multiple inexpensive hard disks, providing fault tolerance (redundancy) and improved access rates. RAID provides a method of accessing multiple individual disks as if the array were one larger disk, spreading data access out over these multiple disks, thereby reducing the risk of losing all data if one drive fails, and improving access time. Why use RAID? Typically RAID is used in large file servers, transaction of application servers, where data accessibility is critical, and fault tolerance is required. Nowadays, RAID is also being used in desktop systems for CAD, multimedia editing and playback where higher transfer rates are needed. When to use different RAID Type? As we know that we have different type of RAID but all the raid type are not suitable for the all application. We select raid type depending on the application and IO load/Usages. Actually there are so many factor involved before you select suitable raid type for any application. I am trying to give brief idea in order to select best raid type for any application. You can select raid type depending on your environment. When to Use RAID 5 RAID 5 is favored for messaging, data mining, medium-performance media serving, and RDBMS implementations in which the DBA is effectively using read-ahead and writebehind. If the host OS and HBA are capable of greater than 64 KB transfers, RAID 5 is a compelling choice. These application types are ideal for RAID 5: 1) Random workloads with modest IOPS-per-gigabyte requirements 2) High performance random I/O where writes represent 30 percent or less of the workload 3) A DSS database in which access is sequential (performing statistical analysis on sales records) 4) Any RDBMS table space where record size is larger than 64 KB and access is random (personnel records with binary content, such as photographs) 5) RDBMS log activity 6) Messaging applications 7) Video/Media When to Use RAID 1/0 RAID 1/0 can outperform RAID 5 in workloads that use very small, random, and writeintensive I/Owhere more than 30 percent of the workload is random writes. Some examples of random, small I/O workloads are: 1) High-transaction-rate OLTP 2) Large messaging installations 3) Real-time data/brokerage records 4) RDBMS data tables containing small records that are updated frequently (account

balances) 5) If random write performance is the paramount concern, RAID 1/0 should be used for these applications. When to Use RAID 3 RAID 3 is a specialty solution. Only five-disk and nine-disk RAID group sizes are valid for CLARiiON RAID 3. The target profile for RAID 3 is large and/or sequential access. Since Release 13, RAID 3 LUNs can use write cache. The restrictions previously made for RAID 3single writer, perfect alignment with the RAID stripeare no longer necessary, as the write cache will align the data. RAID 3 is now more effective with multiple writing streams, smaller I/O sizes (such as 64 KB) and misaligned data. RAID 3 is particularly effective with ATA drives, bringing their bandwidth performance up to Fibre Channel levels. When to Use RAID 1 With the advent of 1+1 RAID 1/0 sets in Release 16, there is no good reason to use RAID 1. RAID 1/0 1+1 sets are expandable, whereas RAID 1 sets are not.

INTEL

1. OVERVIEW The Intel(R) Application Accelerator RAID Edition is designed to provide functionality for the Intel(R) 82801ER SATA RAID Controller. This product is available for use on Pentium(R) 4 processor-based systems with an Intel 82801ER I/O Controller Hub and running Microsoft Windows XP. Software installation is flexible and fully automated for Windows XP. 2. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 1. The system must contain the following Intel products: * Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 Processor * Intel(R) 82801ER I/O Controller Hub 2. The kit software should be installed on systems with at least the minimum system memory required by the operating system. 3. Microsoft Windows XP Professional or Home Edition 4. Installation of the Intel(R) Chipset SoftwareInstallation Utility prior to loading the Intel(R) Application Accelerator RAID Edition. 3. LANGUAGE SUPPORT Below is a list of the languages (and their abbreviations)into which the driver component of the Intel(R) ApplicationAccelerator RAID Edition has been localized. The languagecode is listed in parentheses after each. You may have torefer to this section while using this document. chs -> Chinese (Simplified) (0804) cht -> Chinese (Traditional) (0404)

csy -> Czech (0005) dan -> Danish (0006) nld -> Dutch (0013) enu -> English (United States) (0009) fin -> Finnish (000B) frc -> French (Canada) (0C0C) fra -> French (Standard) (040C) deu -> German (0007) ell -> Greek (0008) hun -> Hungarian (000E) ita -> Italian (0010) jpn -> Japanese (0011) kor -> Korean (0012) nor -> Norwegian (0014) plk -> Polish (0015) ptb -> Portuguese (Brazil) (0416) ptg -> Portuguese (Standard) (0816) rus -> Russian (0019) esp -> Spanish (000A) sve -> Swedish (001D) tha -> Thai (001E ServerRecovery About Raid recovery It has been widely believed by different companies working in the filed of Information Technology that those servers that are enabled with the architecture of Raid are fully protected and hardy. But it has been found that those Raid structures that are working in good conditions are even prone to cases of serious failure. When a failure of the Raid takes place it is quite likely that the Raid array needs to be restructured once again. RAID recovery services would be able to recover the lost, deleted or corrupted data to its full form very quickly. There are different companies that are working in this field of raid data recovery. And the raid recovery solutions that are offered by such company through the use of various Raid hardware and tools are very much reliable. In cases of a situation that is characterized by disaster, or backup systems that are poor in nature along with a loss of the data, Raid recovery services are very helpful. A Raid recovery company should be immediately contacted when a failure of Raid array takes place. These companies through the use of Raid data recovery services would be able to recover back the valuable data within a short period of time. Server recovery, be it any kind of servers like email servers, database servers or just web servers, Raid recovery services offers perfect solution for lost data. Data recovery is not that expensive compared to the amount that is required for the recreation of the lost or damaged data. Raid recovery services offered by highly skilled technicians to recover the lost data are done through the use of various different tools and software. The professional technicians use hitech technologies and know-how to detect the problems and situations, during a failure of

Raid array. So the planning of the recovery is done by these technicians according to the assessment they do. Causes that is very common for Raid failures:

Failure of the RAID controller Failure of the Rebuild When the striping is damaged in nature Failure of Multiple drives or in some cases when multiple drives goes offline When the volumes does not escalate after a crash of the server or RAID array Mechanical failure.

Different raid recovery services that is available:

RAID 0 Recovery RAID 1 Recovery RAID 2 Recovery RAID 3 Recovery RAID 4 Recovery RAID 5 Recovery RAID 7 Recovery RAID 10 Recovery RAID 13 Recovery RAID 0+1 Recovery

Various Raid Hard Drive Types for which Raid recovery services are available:

SATA SCSI ESDI eSATA IDE/ATA/PATA/EIDE PCMCIA ULTRA/ATA 100 SAS Fibre Channel USB Firewire iSCSI