2.1 2.14 The solutions for these problems are the solutions for problems 2.1 - 2.

.14 in the 2nd edition Solutions Manual.

2.15 EDTA (C10N2O8H16) has a molecular weight of 292 g/mole Calcium molar concentration: (20 mg/L)(40.1 mol/g)-1(103 mg/g)-1 = 0.000499 M Mass of EDTA: (0.000499 mol/L)(292 g/mol)(44 gal)(3.785 L/gal) = 24.3 g EDTA

2.16 The balanced equation is: 2Al0 + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2 (g)

2 moles Al0 27 g Al0 mole H 2 9 g Al0 So, 0 3 moles H = gH 2 mole Al 2 g H 2 2

2.17 - 2.21 The solutions for these problems are the solutions for problems 2.15 - 2.19 in the 2nd edition Solutions Manual. From Table 2.3, Ksp,CaSO4 is 2 x 10-5 and Ksp = [Ca2+] [SO42-] = [SO42-]2 At saturation: [SO42-] = Ksp = (2 x 10-5) = 0.00447 mol/L

2.22

0.5 g mole Check if saturation is exceeded: = 0.00368 mol/L L 136 g

Since saturation is not exceeded the sulfate concentration is 0.00368 mol/L

2.23

Assume a closed system. eqn. 1 eqn. 2

a. [Ca2+] = Ctot = [H2CO3] + [HCO3-] + [CO32-] Charge balance: [H+] + 2[Ca2+] = [HCO3-] + 2[CO32-] + [OH-]

At pH 8.5: Ctot [HCO3-] [CO32-] (see Figure 2.5) and [H+] [OH-] So eqn. 2 simplifies to: 2[Ca2+] = Ctot + [OH-] Using eqn. 1 in eqn. 3 yields: [Ca2+] = [OH-] = 10-5.5 = 3.16 x 10-6 Note this is less than the Ca2+ initially added, so CaCO3(s) has precipitated b. eqn. 3

[CO
c.

2 (aq)

] = (10 )(10 ) = 2.24 10 ] = [H ][HCO K (4.47 10 )

+ -8.5 -5.5 -7 3 1
-3

-8

M = 10 -7.65 M

[CaCO ] = ((2 10
3 (s)

100 g M - 10 -5.5 M = 0.19968 g/L = 0.20 g/L mol

2.24 - 2.36 The solutions for these problems are the solutions for problems 2.20 - 2.32 in the 2nd edition Solutions Manual.