Buckreddan DSR - RA03003

Buckreddan Nursing Home:
Archaeological Evaluation
Data Structure Report
7 May 2003
Data Structure Report – Buckreddan Nursing Home
Overview
This Data Structure Report (DSR) presents the findings of an archaeological evaluation
undertaken in connection with the development of 3.36ha of agricultural ground to the south
of Buckreddan Nursing Home, Kilwinning, North Ayrshire (NGR ref: NS 3103 4293).
There were no known archaeological sites within the development area prior to these works.
However there was a former mining site to the immediate east and the area was assessed
by the West of Scotland Archaeology Service to have the potential for prehistoric and
medieval activity.
North Ayrshire Council attached a condition to the planning consent (N/02/00664/PP)
requiring a staged programme of archaeological work commencing with this evaluation. The
main objective of the evaluation was to determine the location, extent, nature, condition and
significance of any archaeological features that lie within the development area.
Rathmell Archaeology Ltd was appointed to act on behalf of the applicant, Mr A Fitzsimmons,
with regard to the archaeological condition on the planning consent. The terms of the
evaluation were agreed in advance with the West of Scotland Archaeology Service,
archaeological advisor to planning authority, through a Written Scheme of Investigation.
The evaluation failed to identify any significant archaeological features within the
development area. One truncated portion of a straight rig and grooving field system was
located in the southern portion of the site. The whole site was covered by an intensive
system of tile drains, reflecting the impeded drainage on site suggesting that perhaps this
ground was inimical to pre-modern agriculture or settlement. All features recorded are
thought to be post Improvement that is from the nineteenth and twentieth century.
Project Works
The programme of works agreed with the West of Scotland Archaeology Service included an
archaeological desk-based assessment and the intrusive evaluation through machine cut
trenches extending to 5% of the development area. These works were undertaken in keeping
with the submitted Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) with on-site works running from
25th April 2003 to 29th April 2003.
The exception to this was the evaluation that exceeded specified the 5% sample of the
development area. The WSI specified a need for some 1680m 2, basal dimensions, and the
actual area investigated was 1775m 2.
Mr Paul Robins, West of Scotland Archaeology Service, consented to the applicant
progressing site works in the western third of the development area on the 28th April 2003
after receiving a detailed site update. This enabled the visual inspection of subsoil exposed
by the topsoiling of the access roads along the northern and western boundary (roughly
1200m 2). This is area was inspected in addition to the evaluation area investigated.
All works were conducted in accordance with the Institute of Field Archaeology’s Standards
and Policy Statements and Code of Conduct and Historic Scotland Policy Statements.
Findings: Desk based assessment and site inspection

The development area is not depicted as enclosed ground or ploughed ground on Roy’s
Military Survey of Scotland (1747-55 Sheet 04/7d) and there are no structures present. By
the first edition Ordnance Survey (1858-1860) the ground has been enclosed, with common
boundaries surviving to the present day. However, the ground was sub-divided by a
boundary running from the north-west corner and running parallel to the southern boundary
creating a rectangular and a triangular field (Figure 1).
There are no previously known archaeological sites within the development area. The closest
 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 1 of 17

Figure 1: 1st Edition Ordnance Survey, 1858-60

(Blue line defines development area)

catalogued archaeological site is Corsehill Cross (NMRS ref: NS34SW24; SMR ref: 6661;
NGR ref: NS 31 43), the poorly located putative site of a pre-reformation cross that stood
roughly half a mile east of Bridgend. This could place the site of the cross to the north of the
development.
The West of Scotland Archaeological Service identified an additional site to the immediate
east of the development area. This is the extensive industrial complex of Eglinton Colliery
(Ordnance Survey 1858-1860) that incorporated Fireclay Works, Coal Pits, Forges, Kilns and
Railways (Figure 1). This is inferred to be an extension to, or associated with, the Eglinton
Iron Company to the immediate south-west. The Eglinton Iron Company was founded in
1845 by Bairds of Gartsherrie in association with the Earl of Eglinton, taking advantage of the
rich mineral resources and the newly opened (1831) Ardrossan & Johnstone Railway. The
Eglinton Iron Company, after an uncertain start in the 1840s and 1850s, thrived and grew to
a substantial operation until it closed in 1924. This industrial complex was not recorded on
cartographic sources consulted as impinging on the development area.
The Ayrshire Research & Detecting Group has frequently visited the development site over
the past decades under their access agreement with North Ayrshire Council, the former
owners (Mr Watson Morrison pers comm). They regard the field as a rich site producing
quantities of coinage predominantly from the reigns of Victoria, George V and George VI
(1837 to 1947 AD). The earliest coinage recovered was from the reign of George III (1815 to
1820 AD). Assorted other metalwork of comparable date has also been recovered.
Prior to the evaluation the field was being used for grazing cattle, with extensive evidence of
severe poaching especially around the stances for supplementary feeders. The field has
been ploughed every year in recent times and more commonly has been used for arable
crops, such as wheat, with stock only coming on between crops. The field is bounded by post
& wire fences on all sides, frequently with hedgerows, and there are two gates (one in the
north-west and south-east corners). Buckreddan Nursing Home stands to the north, the A737
to the west and a public footpath to the south. To the east is the derelict colliery site, visible
as a south to north climbing embankment or spoil tip that is covered by woodland.
The highest point of the field is in the north-west corner, adjacent to the A737 above the drop
to the River Garnock. The ground generally drops from the western boundary to the eastern,
although there is a slight rise, or levelling out, in the ground to the south-east. The ground
rises steeply to the east, off site.
Findings: Evaluation trenches

Seven evaluation trenches were opened across the development area. Full descriptions of
each trench are contained in the appendices at the end of this report. These findings are a
synthesis of the findings from these trenches.
The topsoil across the site was 250mm to 350mm in depth there were frequent fragments of
coal throughout. The topsoil was also rich in nineteenth and twentieth century ceramics and
glassware. A number of areas contained a colluvium matrix of medium grey to brown silty
clay beneath the topsoil of between 100mm and 400mm in depth. The natural subsoil varied
between a medium orangey sand through a tan clayish sand to stiff clay deposits of varied
colours, all contained frequent fragments of coal.
Rig & groove
A series of straight linear features aligned north-west to south-east were exposed crossing
Trench 5 and 7 (Figure 2, area a). These features were typically 1.2m to 1.5m broad and
spaced with a gap of between 4m and 4.5m. Where investigated these features proved to be
shallow (100mm to 150mm deep), steep edged and flat bottomed cut (Figure 3a). The fills of
these features were of comparable character to the B-horizon and were substantially free of
artefacts, although some modern glass was noted. These features are thought to be the
truncated elements of a straight rig and grooving field system.

Figure 2: Trench Locations, as excavated

Figure 3a: Detail of Rig & Groove south end of Figure 3b: Detail of soak-aways in Trench 1
Trench 5, post excavation (Film 1 Neg 5) (Film 1 Neg 11)

Figure 4a: West end of Trench 1 looking east, note Figure 4b: West end of Trench 7 looking east
investigation of deep tile drains (Film 1 Neg 15) (Film 1 Neg 17)

Field drains and soak-aways
Three styles of tile drain were recorded crossing the development area::
a. straight tile drains sunk 400mm down, just into the subsoil, orientated north-west to
south-east
b. straight tile drains sunk 800mm down, deep into the subsoil, orientated north-west to
south-east
c. weaving tile drains sunk 400mm down, just into the subsoil, orientated north to south
Types (a) and (b) were present in nearly every trench, often at close intervals (roughly 8m).
Type (c) was only exposed at the northern end of Trench 6.
A series of linear soak-aways were noted in the eastern portion of Trench 1 (Figure 2, area b;
Figure 3b). These were 1m to 1.5m broad slots orientated north-west to south-east that were
filled with cinders, ground brick, ash and other fragmentary industrial waste. These slots
were cut through the B-horizon, where present, and into the subsoil. The gap between these
slots was typically narrower than the width of the slots. They were interpreted as soak-aways
as they lie at a very low point in the field preventing any run-off drainage.
Made-ground
The southern end of Trench 6 exposed significant volumes of made ground (Figure 2, area
c). Beneath the 250mm of ploughsoil was between 300mm and 400mm of made ground,
which in turn overlay 150mm of truncated topsoil. The made ground was a mixture of fly ash,
clinker, slag, rubble, brick, stone and slate. This made ground also included nineteenth and
twentieth century ceramics and glassware.
Findings: Access Road Strip

The start of site works during archaeological site recording enabled the casual visual
inspection of subsoil exposed by the topsoiling of the access roads along the northern and
western boundary (roughly 1200m 2, see Figure 2). This is area was inspected in addition to
the evaluation area investigated.
The topsoil across the access roads was 250mm to 300mm in depth with the subsoil being of
the same character as the neighbouring trenches. The only features evident at the upper
surface of the subsoil were Type (a) and Type (b) tile drains (see above).
Discussion
All the artefacts recorded from the development site during these works have been of
nineteenth and twentieth century date. This corresponds well with the previous findings of the
Ayrshire Research & Detecting Group, based on coin evidence. The fills of the Rig and
Groove field system appeared less artefact rich than the ploughsoil, although the artefacts
noted were of a comparable date.
The Rig and Groove field system is of a character commonly associated with post-
improvement agriculture, and it is notable that the remnants of this field system are
constrained to the south of the internal field boundary shown on the 1st edition Ordnance
Survey (1858-60). Taken with the absence of enclosure on Roy’s Military Survey this
suggests enclosure of the ground in the early nineteenth century with the southern
rectangular field ploughed and managed through a Rig and Groove field system.
At a later date a manuring must have been adopted, probably circa 1840 in conjunction with
the industrialisation of the Eglington Estate. At this stage the field system is inferred to have
been in decline, through the lower levels of artefacts incorporated into its fills.
The earliest tile drain identified is probably that at the north end of Trench 6 which has an
irregular, haphazard character. This would be in keeping with the tile drain having been put in

by hand. The explosion in the sinking of tile drains by hand is recorded in Ayrshire in early
1840s for ‘soils not fertile or productive’ (Campbell 1845, p812). Furthermore the Rev
Campbell’s account notes that
‘… a great part of the parish, from being an extremely tenacious, wet
and unproductive clay … vast improvement by draining, liming and
manuring … indeed, the whole district, at the present rate, will be tile
drained in ten years…’ (1845, p828)
This early tile drain is in the northern triangular field, suggesting this was enclosed separately
as it was still too wet to be brought into productive use. Indeed this is the same area where
the substantial soak-aways were cut. The soak-aways appear machine cut in character, the
material within presumably being derived from the potentially derelict neighbouring Eglington
Colliery site. The made ground in the south-east of the site, Trench 6, also appears to have
derived from the neighbouring Eglington Colliery site, presumably again after its dereliction
and demolition. This would suggest both these sets of features derive from the mid to late
twentieth century attempts to improve the drainage of the lowest, eastern part of the field.
The other two tile drain systems both are very regular and extensive, covering the entire
modern field. This suggests that they were buried by machine, and hence are of relatively
modern date. Clearly there have been prolonged problems with the dampness of the ground
that has led to sustained and substantial investments in improved ground drainage systems.
Conclusion
The evaluation failed to identify any significant archaeological features within the
development area. One truncated portion of a straight rig and grooving field system was
located in the southern portion of the site. The whole site was covered by an intensive
system of tile drains, reflecting the impeded drainage on site suggesting that perhaps this
ground was inimical to pre-modern agriculture or settlement. All features recorded are
thought to be post Improvement that is from the nineteenth and twentieth century
It is a matter for the West of Scotland Archaeology Service, in conjunction with North
Ayrshire Council, to determine what works are required to satisfy the terms of the condition
within the granted planning consent.
Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, on behalf of the applicant, would propose that the case for the
absence of significant archaeological remains within the development area has been made
by this evaluation. Consequently we would suggest that the only appropriate further stage of
work would be the archiving of site records and disposal of materials from this project.
References
Campbell, AB 1845 Parish of Kilwinning in ‘New Statistical Account of
Scotland’
Ordnance Survey 1858-1860 Ayrshire
Pollock, T 1799 Parish of Kilwinning in ‘The Statistical Account of
Scotland’
Roy 1747-55 Military Survey of Scotland, Sheet 04/7d

Appendix 1: Trench Details

Within this appendix a standardised set of data pertaining to the evaluation trenches is
presented. Modern Features are in this instance taken as any feature thought to post date
circa 1840.
All measurement distances quoted along the trench measure based on the quoted
orientation of the trench. See Figure 2 for trench locations.
Trench 1
Orientation: West to East

Size: 195m by 2m (390m 2)
Ploughsoil depth: 250mm to 300mm
Depth of B-horizon: 150mm to 300mm
Subsoil character Sandy gravel at western end moving to progressively to a silty
sand and then clayey silt at the eastern end.
Modern features: Twelve lines of tile drain were recorded crossing the trench. Three
were sunk 400mm down, just into the subsoil, while nine were
800mm down. The latter group were spaced at intervals of 7m to
8m within 300mm slot trenches. These tile drains were all
orientated north-west to south-east and concentrated in the
western half of the trench.
One ceramic drain was noted, 120m along the trench, orientated
north-west to south-east. This appears to be a redundant drain
running from Buckreddan House, perhaps for surface or foul water.
A series of linear soak-aways were noted between 120m and
176m along the trench. These were 1m to 1.5m broad slots
orientated north-west to south-east that were filled with cinders,
ground brick, ash and other fragmentary industrial waste. These
slots were cut through the B-horizon, where present, and into the
subsoil. The gap between these slots was typically narrower than
the width of the slots. They were interpreted as soak-aways as
they lie at a very low point in the field preventing any run-off
drainage.
Significant features: None
Artefacts: Nineteenth and twentieth century ceramics and glassware from
ploughsoil.
Trench 2
Orientation: North-east to South-west

Size: 60m by 2m (120m 2)
Ploughsoil depth: 0.25 to 0.35m
Depth of B-horizon: None present
Subsoil character Clayey silt at the north-eastern end moving to progressively to a
silty sand at the south-western end.
Modern features: Four lines of tile drain were recorded crossing the trench, they
were 800mm down within 300mm slot trenches. These tile drains
were all orientated north-west to south-east.

There were frequent plough scrapes noted on the upper surface of
the subsoil.
ploughsoil.
Trench 3
Orientation: South to North

Size: 72m by 2m (144m 2)
Subsoil character Clayey silt at the north end moving to progressively to a silty sand
at the south end.
Modern features: Three lines of tile drain were recorded crossing the trench, they
There were frequent plough scrapes noted on the upper surface of
the subsoil.
ploughsoil.
Trench 4

Size: 96.5m by 2m (193m 2)
and then a small area of sand and gravel at the south end.
Modern features: Eight lines of tile drain were recorded crossing the trench. One
was sunk 300mm down, just into the subsoil, while seven were
800mm down within 300mm slot trenches. These tile drains were
all orientated north-west to south-east.
ploughsoil.
Trench 5
Orientation: South-east to North-west

Size: 137.5m by 2m (275m 2)

Depth of B-horizon: 100mm to 200mm

and then a small area of sand and gravel at the south end.
Modern features: Twelve lines of tile drain were recorded crossing the trench. Six
were sunk 400mm down, just into the subsoil, while the other six
A series of linear features aligned north-west to south-east were
exposed crossing the first 90m of the trench. These features were
typically 1.2m to 1.5m broad and spaced with a gap of between 4m
and 4.5m. Where investigated these features proved to be shallow
(100mm to 150mm deep), steep edged and flat bottomed cut. The
fills of these features were of comparable character to the B-
horizon and were substantially free of artefacts, although some
modern glass was noted. These features are thought to be the
ploughsoil. More limited volumes of glassware from the fill of the
linear features.
Trench 6

Size: 156.5m by 2m (313m 2)
Depth of B-horizon: None
Subsoil character Sand to silty sand at south end, moving progressively to clayey silt
and then clay at the north end.
Modern features: Twenty two lines of tile drain were recorded crossing the trench.
Three were sunk 300mm down, just into the subsoil, while the
other nineteen were 800mm down within 300mm slot trenches.
The vast majority of these tile drains were all orientated north-west
to south-east. However two of the shallow tile drains were
orientated north-south. The first of these was exposed between
133m and 143m and may have been a cross drain in the shallow
tile drain system. The second was a weaving irregular laid tile
drain whose tiles were of a more irregular character, exposed
between 136m and 142m.
One ceramic drain was noted, 94m along the trench, orientated
north-west to south-east. This appears to be a continuation of the
redundant drain noted running across Trench 1, inferred to be a
surface or foul water from Buckreddan House.
The first 36m of the trench contained significant volumes of made
ground. Beneath the 250mm of ploughsoil was between 300mm
and 400mm of made ground, which in turn overlay 150mm of
truncated topsoil. The made ground was a mixture of fly ash,
clinker, slag, rubble, brick, stone and slate. This made ground also
included nineteenth and twentieth century ceramics and
glassware.

When lifted the subsoil surface underneath the made ground, and
truncated topsoil, was a smooth continuation of the character in
the trench elsewhere. A number of tile drains were noted
underneath the made ground, and truncated topsoil, at the upper
surface of the subsoil.
ploughsoil and made ground.
Trench 7
Orientation: North-west to South-east

Size: 170m by 2m (340m 2)
Depth of B-horizon: None to 100mm
Subsoil character Sandy silt at north-west end, moving progressively to sand and
then to sandy silt and clay at the south-east end.
Modern features: One line of a tile drain was recorded running along the bed of the
trench, from 118m to 170m. The drain was sunk 800mm down
within a 300mm slot trench.
A linear features aligned north-west to south-east was exposed
running along the bed of the trench, from 101m to 137m. This
features was 1.3m broad and where investigated proved to be
shallow, 100mm deep, steep edged and flat bottomed cut. The fills
of this feature was of comparable character to the B-horizon and
was substantially free of artefacts. The feature is thought to be the
A number of shallow plough scrapes were noted in the western
third of the trench.
ploughsoil.
Appendix 2: Record summaries

Context Summaries
No. Location Description
*01 Trench 1 through 7 Generic Topsoil/Ploughsoil. Dark brown humic A-horizon
of between 250mm and 350mm. Rich in root and worm
activity. Frequent small fragments of coal. Common
modern white ceramic and glassware fragments.
*02 Trench Generic B-horizon. A number of areas contained a
colluviums matrix of medium grey silty clay beneath the
topsoil of between 100mm and 400mm in depth.
*03 Trench 1 through 7 Generic natural subsoil. This varied between a medium
orangey sand through a tan clayish sand to stiff clay

deposits of varied colours, all contained frequent

fragments of coal. Clay subsoil was most evident in the
east and north-east end of the area.
601 Trench 6 (Drawing 4) Topsoil/Ploughsoil. Dark brown humic A-horizon of
between 250mm and 300mm. Rich in root and worm
activity. Frequent small fragments of coal. Common
modern white ceramic and glassware fragments.
602 Trench 6 (Drawing 4) Colluvium matrix of medium grey silty clay beneath the
topsoil of 100mm in depth
603 Trench 6 (Drawing 4) Cut of furrow running north-west to south-east. 1.3m
broad and 100mm deep, flat bottomed with a U-shaped
profile. Filled by [602].
604 Trench 6 (Drawing 4) Shallow plough scrape cutting into subsoil [610] running
north-west to south-east. 200mm broad and 60mm deep
is a V-shaped cross section. Filled by [602].
607 Trench 6 (Drawing 4) A mixture of [610] and [602].
608 Trench 6 (Drawing 4) Cut of linear slot, 300mm broad running north-west to
south-east, filled by [607]. This cut was for a tile drain.
609 Trench 6 (Drawing 4) Cut of linear slot, 300mm broad running north-west to
south-east, filled by [607]. This cut was for a tile drain.
610 Trench 6 (Drawing 4) Orangey/red sand subsoil.
Drawing Record
No. Title Scale Date Author
1 Plan of Trench 1 1:100 28/4 TR
2 Plan of Trenches 2, 3 and 4 1:100 28/4 TR
3 Plan of Trench 7 1:100 28/4 TR
4 Detail of furrows investigated in Trench 5 & 6 in Plan 1:20 29/4 TR
both Plan and Section Sec 1:10
5 Plan of Trenches 5 and 6 1:100 29/4 TR
Photographic Record
Film No. Description From Date
1 1 Trench 5, post excavation SE 29/4
1 2 Detail of furrows at SE end of Trench 5, pre NW 29/4
investigation

1 3 Detail of furrows at SE end of Trench 5, pre NW 29/4

investigation
1 4 Detail of furrows at SE end of Trench 5, post NW 29/4
investigation
1 5 Detail of furrows at SE end of Trench 5, post NW 29/4
investigation
1 6 Trench 6, south end looking out to colliery site SW 29/4
1 7 Trench 7, post excavation E 29/4
1 8 Trench 2, post excavation NE 29/4
1 9 Trench 6, post excavation N 29/4
1 10 Trench 1, post excavation E 29/4
1 11 Detail of soak aways, Trench 1 W 29/4
1 12 Detail of tile drain cut into subsoil surface, Trench 1 S 29/4
1 13 Detail of tile drain cut deep into the subsoil, Trench 1 S 29/4
1 14 Detail of tile drain cut deep into the subsoil, Trench 1 S 29/4
1 15 Trench 1, post excavation W 29/4
1 16 Trench 2, post excavation SW 29/4
1 17 Trench 7, post excavation W 29/4
1 18 Trench 3, post excavation S 29/4
1 19 Trench 4, post excavation SE 29/4
1 20 Trench 4, post excavation NW 29/4
1 21 Trench 3, post excavation N 29/4
1 22 Trench 2, post excavation NW 29/4
1 23 General shot over east of site from western end of NW 29/4
Trench 1
1 24 General shot over Trenches 2, 3 & 4 from western end N 29/4
of Trench 1
1 25 General shot over Trenches 4 & 5 from western end of N 29/4
Trench 1
Samples List
No. Type Context No.
1 Bulk soil sample 601

2 Bulk soil sample 602 [603]-
3 Bulk soil sample 602 [604]

6 Bulk soil sample 610
Artefacts List
No. Description From
1 General surface collection: Mixture of white ceramic and Topsoil, West of site
glassware
2 General surface collection: Mixture of white ceramic and Topsoil, Centre of
glassware site
3 General surface collection: Mixture of white ceramic and Topsoil, East of site
glassware

Appendix 3: Discovery & Excavation in Scotland
LOCAL AUTHORITY: North Ayrshire

PROJECT TITLE/SITE Buckreddan Nursing Home
NAME:
PARISH: Kilwinning
NAME OF Thomas Rees
CONTRIBUTOR:
NAME OF Rathmell Archaeology Limited
ORGANISATION:
TYPE(S) OF PROJECT: Evaluation
NMRS NO(S): None
SITE/MONUMENT Rig & groove system
TYPE(S):
SIGNIFICANT FINDS:+ None
NGR (2 letters, 6 figures) NS 3103 4293
START DATE (this season) 25th April 2003
END DATE (this season) 29th April 2003
PREVIOUS WORK (incl. None
DES ref.)
PROPOSED FUTURE None
WORK:
MAIN (NARRATIVE) An archaeological evaluation prior to the development of
DESCRIPTION: (may 3.36ha of agricultural ground to the south of Buckreddan
include information from Nursing Home, Kilwinning failed to find significant
other fields) archaeological remains. Extensive field drainage was
recorded, as were severely truncated elements of a rig &
groove system. No significant artefacts were found,
although the ground had quantities of 19th & 20th century
material throughout the ploughsoil.
PROJECT CODE: 03003
SPONSOR OR FUNDING Mr A Fitzsimmons
BODY:
ADDRESS OF MAIN 8, Underwood, Kilwinning, Ayrshire KA13 7HR
CONTRIBUTOR:
E MAIL: admin@rathmell-arch.co.uk
ARCHIVE LOCATION Report to West of Scotland Archaeology Service and
(intended/deposited) archive to National Monuments Record of Scotland.

Contact Details
Rathmell Archaeology can be contacted at its Registered Office or through the web:
Rathmell Archaeology Ltd
8, Underwood
Kilwinning
Ayrshire
KA13 7HR
www.rathmell-arch.co.uk
t.: 01294 542848 f.: 01294 542849

m.: 07817 334907 e.: admin@rathmell-arch.co.uk

Buckreddan DSR - RA03003

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Buckreddan Nursing Home:

Data Structure Report

Findings: Desk based assessment and site inspection

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 1 of 17

Figure 1: 1st Edition Ordnance Survey, 1858-60

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 2 of 17

Findings: Evaluation trenches

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 3 of 17

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 4 of 17

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 5 of 17

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 6 of 17

Findings: Access Road Strip

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 7 of 17

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 8 of 17

Appendix 1: Trench Details

Orientation: West to East

Orientation: North-east to South-west

were all orientated north-west to south-east.

Orientation: South to North

Orientation: South to North

Orientation: South-east to North-west

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 10 of 17

Depth of B-horizon: 100mm to 200mm

Orientation: South to North

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 11 of 17

Orientation: North-west to South-east

Appendix 2: Record summaries

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 12 of 17

deposits of varied colours, all contained frequent

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 13 of 17

1 3 Detail of furrows at SE end of Trench 5, pre NW 29/4

1 Bulk soil sample 601

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 14 of 17

6 Bulk soil sample 610

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 15 of 17

Appendix 3: Discovery & Excavation in Scotland

LOCAL AUTHORITY: North Ayrshire

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 16 of 17

t.: 01294 542848 f.: 01294 542849

 Rathmell Archaeology Ltd, Page 17 of 17

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