Question Acetate Bicarbonate Bisulfate Bromide Chlorate Chloride Chlorite Cyanide Fluoride Hydroxide Hypochlorite Iodide Nitrate Nitrite

Perchlorate

Answer C2H3O2 Minus One HCO3 Minus One HSO4 Minus One Br Minus One ClO3 Minus One Cl Minus One ClO2 Minus One CN Minus One F Minus One OH Minus One ClO Minus One I Minus One NO3 Minus One NO2 Minus One ClO4 Minus One

Permangnate MnO4 Minus One Carbonate Chromate Dichromate Oxalate Oxide CO3 Minus Two CrO4 Minus Two Cr2O7 Minus Two C2O4 Minus Two O Minus Two

Sulfate Sulfide Sulfite tartrate Nitride Phasphate Phosphide Question Ammonium Copper 1 Hydronium Chromium 2 Copper 2 Iron 2 Mercury 1 Mercury 2 Tin 2 Chromium 3 Iron 3 Lead 2 Lead 4 Tin 4

SO4 Minus Two S Minus Two SO3 Minus Two C4H4O6 Minus Two N Minus Three PO4 Minus Three P Minus Three Answer NH4 Plus One Cu Plus One H3O Plus One Cr Plus Two Cu Plus Two Fe Plus Two Hg2 Plus Two Hg Plus Two Sn Plus Two Cr Plus Three Fe Plus Three Pb Plus Two Pb Plus Four Sn Plus Four

What is the Valency of an Element / Radical?

Valency is the number of hydrogen atoms that can combine with [or displace] one atom of the element [or radical] to form a compound. For example, one atom of hydrogen combines with one atom of chlorine to form hydrogen chloride [HCl]; so, the valency of chlorine [chloride] is one. Similarly, the valency of the nitrate radical [NO3] in the compound nitric acid [HNO3] is 1, and the valency of the sulfate radical in the compound sulfuric acid [H2SO4] is 2. For elements that do not combine with hydrogen, the valency is the combining power of the element with another element whose valency is known. Valency may also be defined as the number of electrons that an atom donates or accepts to form the duplet state (i.e., 2 electrons in outermost shell) or octet state (i.e., 8 electrons in outermost shell). The valency of an element [or radical] is always a whole number. Elements [or radicals] with valency one are monovalent, those with valency two are divalent, and those with valency three are trivalent. All nonmetals and nonmetallic radicals have negative valencies as shown in the table below.
Valency Element / Radical Chloride [Chlorine] Hypochlorite Chlorite Chlorate Perchlorate Bromide [Bromine] Hypobromite Bromite Monovalent [1] Bromate Perbromate Iodide [Iodine] Hypoiodite Iodite Iodate Periodate Hydroxide Nitrite Nitrate Symbol Cl ClO ClO2 ClO3 ClO4 Br BrO BrO2 BrO3 BrO4 I IO IO2 IO3 IO4 OH NO2 NO3 Ion Cl1ClO1ClO21ClO31ClO41Br1BrO1BrO21BrO31BrO41I1IO1IO21IO31IO41OH1NO21NO31-

Bicarbonate [Hydrogen carbonate] Bisulfite [Hydrogen sulfite] Bisulfate [Hydrogen sulfate] Dihydrogen phosphate Cyanide Cyanate Thiocyanate Permanganate Acetate Oxide [Oxygen] Peroxide Carbonate Sulfide Sulfite Divalent [2] Sulfate Thiosulfate Chromate Dichromate Oxalate Trivalent [3] Phosphite Phosphate

HCO3 HSO3 HSO4 CN CNO SCN MnO4 O O2 CO3 S SO3 SO4 S2O3 CrO4 Cr2O7 C2O4 PO3 PO4

HCO31HSO31HSO41CN1CNO1SCN1MnO41O2O22CO32S2SO32SO42S2O32HPO42CrO42Cr2O72C2O42PO33PO43-

H2PO4 H2PO41-

C2H3O2 C2H3O21-

Biphosphate [Hydrogen phosphate] HPO4

Note that a radical is a group of atoms of elements, e.g., sulfate radical [SO4]. An ion is any atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge due to loss or gain of electrons. Positively charged ions are called cations [e.g., Na1+], whereas negatively charged ions are called anions [e.g., Cl1-].