Mainstay of Internet DNS

DNS : 29 years of ever growing journey Hi friends. One day I was wondering that what exactly happens when we type www.udaipurtimes.com. In layman language we all call it as address of website that we want to visit. And if it is an address, then some pathway to it must also exists. DNS is answer to this question. DNS is a distributed dynamic database system and helps to resolve address query and map address query to corresponding IP address. Now you must be wondering What this IP address means? There are many other terms that play very crucial role in working of internet and some of which I am going to use in my article. So for internet savvy people, here is some interesting terminology and processes for you to know: DNS Domain name server: DNS components o Domain name space o Zones o Name servers Technical jargons o IP address: Internet Protocol address is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication and routing. Thus address indicates where the device is. Thus Ex. 124.168.20.131 = = www.example.com o o o o o Host: It is a specific computer in a domain. FQDN: Fully qualified domain name Name resolution process : Forward lookup: TCP/IP :

DNS in layman language : As internet address directory

Domain name server: DNS DNS is indisputably one of the most important technologies reinforcing internet applications and software like email, chat, web browser. Without DNS internet will collapse and we all would find ourselves debarred of all the facilities like online payment of bills, online shopping etc. For easy understanding of DNS, consider DNS as directory of internet, storing website names and their corresponding IP addresses in name servers to locate the searched content. The working of DNS is invisible to the user i.e. resolving name queries to their numeric addresses, but this interesting process in which your query (www.example.com) as written in URL space of web browser may travel half of the world or just few kilometres is completed with blink of an eye.

DO you know about one more dot REPRESENTING ROOT DOMAIN There is one more dot after the URL you write in your browser. (Automatically taken by browser) www.udaipur.techno.com. Working

DNS is by default a name resolution service. A Fully qualified domain name or FQDN describes exact relation of a host to its domain and DNS helps to locate FQDN. Working of DNS is explained name resolution query example. Name resolution query send www. company.dept.example.com

Step 1. The host computer will send the query www.company.dept.example.com via internet to the nearest name server (NS1). If NS one will have the IP address of query he will send the packet with IP address back to host. If not, then NS will send the address of com DNS server. Step 2. Thus DNS uses FQDN to map a domain name to its IP address.

Further reading:

Quiz questions

Organisation

Name resolution query Host or client sends a query to name servers to locate IP address. It contains fully qualified domain name. This query is called as forward lookup query. It is a request to map the name to IP address.

Process of resolving the forward lookup query

Today Challenge for DNS committee

To provide international domain name including country specific language, symbols, characters etc. As domain names are also symbol

Picture Used by DNS is used by many internetworking software like web browser, electronic mail programs etc. to locate web servers and user friendly name of the respective IP address Private network also use Content