Name: Rajib Hassan ID 2011-2-10-307

Course: MGT 101 Sec: 13

Q.1 What Motivational Theory do you think fit in the context of Bangladesh? Why do you think this is suitable? Justify your answer with some arguments.

ANSWER: Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory fits in the context of Bangladesh. There are five needs to be fulfilled under Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory. This theory suggests that each level in the needs hierarchy must be substantially satisfied before the next need becomes dominant. A model of the Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory is shown below:

Need for self actualization

Esteem needs

Affiliation or acceptance needs

Security of safety needs

Physiological needs

From the Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory we can that this approach to motivation holds considerable facts that companies in Bangladesh must take into concern if they expect better performance and productivity from the employees. Bangladesh being a developing country, the working class people of this country require these 5 types of needs. Given Bangladeshs levels of development, physiological needs are the prime needs of most Bangladeshis. To Most people of Bangladesh physiological needs are the most basic needs, independent from class of people. Most of people still strive for basic need and they will be happy if they are able to get the basic needs. The reason behind this argument is justified below:

Name: Rajib Hassan ID 2011-2-10-307

Course: MGT 101 Sec: 13

1) Physiological needs: As Maslows theories suggest that individual will be initially motivated to fulfill his first need which is Physiological needs. This is the biological needs that human requires for survival such as food, drink, shelter etc. In Bangladeshs context, physiological needs are the prime needs of most Bangladeshi people. If the employees have good shelter, a better house to live in, good quality food and drink thus motivation would flow in. If the employees are offered good salary they will be able to meet their basic needs that are arrange a comfortable shelter, food and drink for him and his family. Moreover, physiological needs can also be met if the company provides free lunch facility, fresh drinking water facility and if anybody falls in problem, the company can provide shelter for their child.

2) Safety needs: When physiological needs are completely satisfied the safety needs get precedence and dominate behavior. Proper safety at work is another major need for the people of Bangladesh. The safety need is the employees needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm. The employees should be given high security of life and job at the workplace. They should not be appointed and laid off without prior notice. They should not be entitled to do any job that would risk his life. The employees should be made aware of the instructions if they are required to operate any machinery. The company should provide medical assistance and safety precautions if needed in emergencies to satisfy the safety needs of the employees. The employees can also be covered under insurance policy or if the employee gets injured while operating the machinery then company should bear the medical expenses. To several classes of people of Bangladesh, safety is very important for them; all of them came from the uppermiddle or higher class. People who are mostly from the lower-lower to lower-middle want more of the deficiency needs and less of the safety needs.

Name: Rajib Hassan ID 2011-2-10-307

Course: MGT 101 Sec: 13

3) Social needs: When physiological and safety needs are fulfilled human beings feels the need of love or belonging. Human beings are social animals and working as social animals, when they join organizations, they want to develop relationships with others. There might be two types of relationships - Formal relationship & informal relationship. Both types of relationships must be fulfilled in order to achieve the social needs. And these social needs can be vital in terms of motivating workers and thus improving productivity. The social needs may include friendship, intimacy and family. Every human should feel it because they live in a society which consists of families, religious groups, professional organizations, sports teams etc. Bangladeshi people are known to be fond of loving, affection and family bonding. Friendships are important at home and also at workplace. Social interactions among employees will increase morale and increase productivity of the company. The interpersonal relationship will also be strengthened if employees are involved in discussions among themselves regarding work related issues. The spirit of teamwork can also be enhanced if social needs are met at workplace. 4) Esteem needs: Everyone wants to be accepted, respected and valued by others. They need some activity or activities that give them a sense of contribution, a feeling of being recognized and having self-value. Such activities could be within and/or outside professional life. This is a humans need fulfillment that humans want to be appreciated and recognized for job. This motivates them to work hard for the company. Performance bonus can be given on the basis of performance in a given year. Awards like Best Employment of the month/year can boost their morale and they will be motivated to give more efforts in their performance. In Bangladesh many people fails to get their aim and reach their full potential due to a lack of confidence and inferiority complex. They think they are fine with their physiological needs and will remain happy as long as they will consistently get their physiological needs. Esteem need is not a must have requirement for the people of Bangladesh as most workers are happy with first 3 needs of Maslows hierarchy. But it should be mentioned here that, esteem needs for workers will depend on the type of job they are doing. For example lower level workers of a company will have little desire for esteem need, but on the other hand, top level executives of a company will always demand esteem needs and it will make them highly motivated.

Name: Rajib Hassan ID 2011-2-10-307

Course: MGT 101 Sec: 13

5) Self-actualization needs: The last level of Maslows hierarchy and the peak of achievement are the self-actualization needs. Self-actualization is a level of need that pertains to what a persons full potential is and realizing that potential. This is a persons need for growth, achieving ones potential and self-fulfillment. Almost all people have some aim at some point in their life, only a few of them achieved their aim. In Bangladesh most of the people fails to reach their final goal due to family and/or socio-economic constraints unlike other developed countries. This reflects Maslows statement that hindrances prevent people from moving towards self-actualization. In the Bangladeshi case, the struggle to get the basic needs is the main hindrance of people to get to the self-actualization level. Although to overcome these issues, the companies nowadays, provide work assignments, which enable the employees innovation, creativity and progress according to long term goal. When the employees will be able to complete the assignment with productive results on due time, he will achieve his self-actualization needs. He will be able to recognize his caliber and potential and be able to reach the peak of achievement. Thus his hierarchy of needs will be fulfilled. After analyzing all the factors it can be concluded that Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory fits in the context of Bangladesh. If the employees are motivated then they will be more effective and efficient in their performance. However improved performance will lead to increased productivity for the company and so on. This will also ensure promotions for the employees, sustainable growth and worthwhile profit for the company. If a person is well motivated, he/she can achieve or try to achieve a higher level in the needs hierarchy. But people in Bangladesh are not getting the family and/or social support to realize their initially higher ambitions. In Bangladesh, most people have to compromise their higher-level needs all the times because survival has to come first. So the upper levels of Maslows needs are not much important to the poorer people of Bangladesh. But as our country is developing day by day, economy getting stronger and peoples standard of living getting better, very soon it will be seen that majority of our countrys population will crave for more and more esteem needs and self-actualization needs.