Identification of suitable storage solutions for different applications

Manila, 03 April 2013 Sandra Retzer, Younicos AG

About us

The Challenge

Applications

Younicos Technology

Graciosa

Vattenfall

Web2Energy

About Younicos The Challenge Identification of suitable storage solutions for different applications Younicos Technology Island Project: Graciosa Storage for Grid Stability Project: Vattenfall Web2Energy Project

About us

What we do
Work towards a power supply, in which all energy is generated CO2-free and from renewable sources Develop reliable up-to-100-percent renewable energy systems that can outcompete fossil-based systems today Since 2006 we have been continuously identifying commercially viable energy storage technologies Combine highly reliable storage technologies with innovative grid control and energy management solutions Younicos AG was founded in 2008 with approx. 70 employees today
Consulting Planning Development Construction Operation

The Challenge

The challenge
Core challenge in moving to 100% renewables-based energy economy is integrating fluctuating energy sources into our electrical grids both technically and commercially Identifying industrially available and commercially viable energy storage technologies Providing safe, stable and competitively priced power supply based on sun and wind Pioneering innovative market models in which the transition to renewables reduces overall economic cost while providing attractive returns for outside investors

Identification of suitable storage solutions for different applications

We are at the forefront of the latest storage technologies

Ongoing storage technology evaluation - mostly electrochemical technologies and mostly theoretical evaluation We investigate what technology is being developed that is inexpensive, suits renewable energy applications, is versatile for any kind of user environment, environmentally friendly, safe, ageless, ..? Almost seven years of experience with storage technologies.

Identification of suitable storage solutions for different applications

High power High energy

Li-Ion

Redox flow

NaS

We conduct ongoing lithium ion technology evaluation

Current R&D and commercial sample testing What are the current developments in R&D that will soon be translated into mass production? What are the current trends for battery manufacturers? Are there improvements regarding costs, safety and longevity? Who could be our partner? We find the answers with regular conference visits, company visits and sample battery cell testing in our laboratory.

Viewpoints on lead acid versus lithium ion battery technology

1. Environment 2. Energy 3. Costs

1. Environment

Lead is a heavy metal and highly toxic to human and the environment. Especially in developing countries with low level of education, the recycling of batteries is often used to generate income causing a huge threat to the health of people. With an increasing lead price this number will increase. At least 27 mass poisoning incidents since 2005 in China only

2. Energy
Related to the possible energy throughput during usage the energy consumption for production of lead acid batteries is minimum 1.5 times higher and the CO2 emissions are 3 times higher in comparison with lithium ion In combination with PV for autonomous energy supply the energy return factors are: Lead acid battery: 5 Lithium ion battery:8.5
Best case:
a PV-battery system with lead acid batteries generates only 5 times the energy which was consumed during its production (PV, PCS, transport, battery exchange).

Worst case:
above system is operated at higher ambient temperatures (40C), manufactured from lead ore (China) instead recycled material and transported by air, then the energy return factor turns into 0.25. Four times more primary fossil energy is needed to produce the system than what is replaced.

3. Costs

Price development forecasts

Price development forecasts

Initial investment versus operation costs

Lead acid batteries Need more maintenance Age faster at higher ambient temperatures Need to be exchanged more often Can not be fully discharged (no 100% DOD) Therefore the installed size is bigger and because of higher weight the transportation costs are higher

Reference: Energy Conversion and Management 46 (2005) 19802000

Younicos Technology

Younicos Technology Center

On our campus in Berlin, we have built a megawatt scale technology center containing actual hardware needed to run grids based on 100% renewable energy sources. In addition to demonstrating our innovative grid control and energy management strategies, this center also provides: Younicos Technology Center also provides: component supplier qualification technical due diligence new technology certification employee and partner training

Technology Center components

Younicos designed intelligent inverter, energy management, and battery power plant systems Various battery technologies: a 1MW/6MWh sodium-sulphur (NaS) unit; a 200 kW/200kWh lithium-ion unit; and several 5 kW/ 4 kWh lithium-titanate units Transmission grid with 2-8 km of 15 kV medium voltage line Wind, solar, and load simulators capable of recreating actual energy flows anywhere on the planet based on high-resolution data Battery test laboratory where we have evaluated over 10,000 lifetime cycles of various battery cell technologies

Island Project: Graciosa

The Graciosa project

Younicos is building a megawatt scale energy grid capable of running without a fossil fuel generator on the Azorean island of Graciosa in the middle of the Atlantic ocean. 4500 inhabitants 100% renewable generation during the majority of the year >70% of total annual consumption generated by renewable sources Competitive against current system In cooperation with the local utility Project start: 2012
Wind Power 5,4 MW Storage 2,5 MW

Solar Power 500 KW

Storage for grid stability

Battery parks
We implement automated, turn-key megawatt-scale battery parks with 20 year performance guarantees. Industrial scale storage balances power supply and demand, keeping grids stable and allowing for more use of renewables CO2-free frequency regulation than currently provided by thermal power plants

Grid operators benefit from faster, more accurate, cheaper and Industrial power users in areas with unreliable or unstable

grids (blackouts, microcuts) benefit from stable frequency and voltage

Vattenfall project

Vattenfall project for frequency regulation

We have integrated the first megawatt scale battery into the European grid Battery participates in the German primary reserve energy market In cooperation with Vatenfall, one of Europes largest utiltities The power control and grid communication strategies we have developed allow the battery to contribute to balancing out grid instabilities within milliseconds, less than a fraction of the 30 seconds required by the current reserve energy market rules.

Web2Energy project

The Web2Energy project

As the partner for storage technologies in a European consortium we helped the German utility HSE AG establish a Smart Grid by installing communication links between power producers, grid terminals and consumers.

We developed and deployed intelligent Lithium-Ion

storage units the grid

We also integrated two Vanadium Redox-Flow batteries into In a global first, these units communicate using the IEC 61850
standard that all power plants in the European continental grid use

Let the fossils rest in peace.

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Kerstin Reisch Younicos Brand and Identity 10.06.2012