F1 Universiti Malaysia

PAHANG
Engineering Technology Creativity

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL & NATURAL RESOURCES ENGINEERING FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE COURSE CODE LECTURER DATE DURATION : : : : : WASTEWATER TREATMENT (E) BKC3683 SAID NURDIN 13 JUNE 2012 3 HOURS SESSION 2011/2012 SEMESTER II BKB/BKC

SESSION/SEMESTER : PROGRAMME CODE :

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE: 1. 2. 3. 4. This question paper consists of FIVE (5) questions. Answer ALL questions. All answers to a new question should start on new page. All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated. Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by the invigilator into the examination room.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS: 1. APPENDIX Al - Related Formulas A2 - The Periodic Table of The Elements

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of SIX (6) printed pages including front page.

CONFIDENTIAL

BKB/BKC/1 1 121UBKC3683

QUESTION 1 a) A researcher group of process safety and environment will treat an amount of wastewater. Propose the classification and sources of the wastewater. (5 Marks) b) An effluent of treated wastewater treatment plant was discharged to a surface stream. After TWO (2) weeks, the sample of water from the surface stream was analyzed for the common ions with the following results: Ca2 = 98 mg/L, HCO 3 296 mg/L, Na= 71 mg/L, SO42 = 124 mg/L Mg2 =21 mg/L, Cl =88 mg/L. i) Construct a bar diagram based on the cation-anion balance. (9 Marks) ii) Compare the carbonate and non-carbonate with total hardness. (6 Marks) QUESTION 2 a) A wastewater containing R(HCO 3 ) 2 is discharged to a surface stream. Assuming complete oxidation of the R2 to R3 and sufficient OH for the following reactions: R3 + 3 OH- +-+ R(OH)3 s ; Kat 25C = 6 x 1036 R(OH)2 s R2 + 2 Off; Ksp 25C = 5 x 10.15 Estimate the ions concentration (mgIL as CaCO 3) of the R3 remaining dissolved in the stream if the molecular weight of R is 55.85 g/mole.
(7 Marks)

b) An aerated grit chamber will be used for wastewater treatment with the flow of 23500 m3 /d. Design criteria for particle removal with the width-depth ratio of 2: 1, length of 10 in and detention time of 3 minutes. Analyse the appropriate dimensions and total air flow if the air supply of 0.3 m3/min.m. (13 Marks)

CONFIDENTIAL

BKBIBKC/1 1 121I1BKC3683

QUESTION 3

a) A sample of treated industrial wastewater will be measured BOD value, 8 mL of sample containing no dissolved oxygen is mixed with 292 mL of dilution water containing 8.2 mg/L of dissolved oxygen. After a 5-day incubation at 20 C, the dissolved oxygen content of the mixture is 5.5 mg/L. Examine the BOD of the wastewater.

(5 Marks)
b) A spherical particle with a diameter of 1.0 mm and specific gravity of 3.0 will be released in the tertiary wastewater treatment pond at 30 C. Estimate the flow art, particle settling velocity and drag coefficient if the water density of 995.7 kg/m 3 and the viscosity of 0.798 x 10-3 N.s/m2.

(15 Marks) QUESTION 4

a) An oxidation ditch treats 7450 m 3/d of wastewater. The oxidation ditch is 3m deep, 7 in wide and 200 in long. The reactor is operated at 1750 mg/L MLSS and the biological constants are Y = 0.48 kg/kg and kj = 0.058 d 1 . Determine the mean cell-residence time for 88 percent (%) BOD removal.

(14 Marks)
b) Briefly describe the suspended and attached growth of anaerobic wastewater treatment.

(6 Marks)

CONFIDENTIAL

BKB/BKC/1 1 12111BKC3683

QUESTION 5 a) Explain the basic concept of activated sludge process in the aerobic wastewater treatment plant. (6 Marks) in 3/d of

b) An activated sludge process will be used for secondary treatment of 9800

municipal wastewater. After primary treatment, the BOD is 170 mg/L, and it is expected to have not more than 7 mg/L of BOD in the effluent. A completely mixed reactor will be operated, and the analysis has established the following kinetic values: Y = 0.40 kg/kg, kd = 0.048 d'. Assuming an underfiow concentration of 9800 mg/L from the secondary clarifier, MLSS concentration of 2980 mg!L and mean cell residence time of 10 d.

i) Determine the volume of the reactor. (6 Marks) ii) Calculate the mass and volume of solids that must be wasted each day. (8 Marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

 CONFIDENTIAL

BKBIBKC/l 1 1211/BKC3683

APPENDIX Al-Related Formulas 1. V=WDL 2. u = g(p -r) 18p. 3 0= 0Y(S0S) X(l+kdOC)

A

'NT r. "R -

ppud
JL

5.

D OF

P = ( p -p)gd2 18

6 U1

7 k T = "20 0T-20 8. L 1 =L0(1-et)

CD =--+ 9. N R IT (1NR)1/2

+0.34

10. CD NR

11. y =L -L 12. A= d2 4 13. CD =0.4 v 14. QX= j = 4g(p p - p)d

3CDpW

16. Yt =yu(1ekt) 17. Q

5

-.

C)

C
tD

ITI

CD CD

-. 0

The Periodic Table of the Elements

hA lilA [VA VA VIA VIIA

11113 IYB YB VU V1JB
73 27 71 24 25 .44.50 47 87 50.94 52,00 42 54.90 43 (98)
73

3 5 7 8 5 15

[J
0

C"

I
CD

RI E Ii 12
Na Mg
19 2930 3 40.00 2431 20

.10.8 tL
VIHB
26 1E s5m
44

31 34 fl33 TT Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge Asd Se Br Kr K Ca Sc Ti V Cr I Mn I " 59.7272.61 35 J!J 03.. 0 5355 5869 36 83

5
05

1113

2693 2859 3027 3207

BIC NO F Ne . L 15 L i?1 0 !!29 Il 1' S I CI Ar Al Si P osJ 1

[

E I

Rn Bi I Po At Pt Au Hg TI Pb 4 Os Ir W Re Cs Ba La II Hf Ta 230) ___JJ (754) 2572 2044 2005 1920 3951 3923 3902 3838 1862 180.9 1329 1373 i ifi ii Uuu Uu gBh- Hs E E ( 2 71) JL JL (6)
^

87232 95 ]1756

Sr

92.01 73

95.94
74

o Tc Ru Rh
101.1
79

102.8
77

49 49 .47 46 Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb I Te 1276 121,15 1167 114.9 112.4 1079 1004 83 83 80 70 75

1559
-

-Xe

ill 3

26 59 340.3 90 h 2320

Ce -

[iRE 1409 34 c.5 F11ii 1Np Pum L

PrNd II Pm

Lu Gd Tb Dy 1 Ho I Er 1589 E1 157.3 [EY Li!2 - 40)

99 96. 97 Bk Cf Es Fm Md No 239)

50

[Ea

C)
55-

ONO C) 00