Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol.

1)

AIR HANDLING UNITS

. Air Handling Unit . AHU Component
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

3-1 3-3 3-4 3-4 3-5 3-5 3-6 Blower Fire Mode 3-6 3-6 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14 3-14 3-15 3-16 Fin 3-17 3-20 3-21 Total Capacity device 3-24 3-27 3-27 3-28 3-29 Thermometer 3-29 3-29 3-30 Modulating Valve 3-30 3-30 Control Logic 3-32 3-33 3-35 Wiring Diagram 3-36 3-37 3-37
3-0

.. Mixing Box .. (Air Filter) .. Heating Coil .. Cooling Coil .. Humidifier .. Fan

.. Air Handling Unit Technical Data . Air Handling Unit . Cooling Coil
___ ___ ___ ___

Heating Coil

.. Direct expansion coil(DX Coil) .. Chilled Water Cooling Coil .. Hot Water Heating Coil .. Steam Heating Coil (Size)

. Coil
___

. AHU Cooling Coil .. Coil Row Wet Coil . Dry Coil

. AHU Cooling Coil Specification . Sensible Capacity Latent Capacity . Cooling Coil Header Connection . AHU
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

pipe fitting

.. (A)Gate Valves .. (B) Pressure Gauge .. (C) Temperature Gauge .. (D) Strainer .. (E) Balancing Valve .. (F) Chilled Water Control Valve FCU Drain Controller

. AHU
___ ___ ___ ___ ___

. VAV AHU

.. Description .. DDC Terminal Block Assignment (UAH2484L) .. Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHU DDC Layout .. AHU Control Logic .. Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHU Typical Sensor Termination

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Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

- ( characteristics ( ( ) ( ) ( ) ) Vertical Unit Blow-Through Unit Variable-Air-Volume (VAV) Outdoor Air (or Makeup Air) Constant Air Volume (CAV) (

- Horizontal Unit ( ) Vertical Unit Blower(supply fan) cooling coil

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- Vertical Unit

(filter)

(same level)

nit nit
3-1

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

cooling Unit

AHU blower

Vertical Unit Vertical (foot print Vertical unit Air

Handling Unit

Vertical Unit Blow Through Unit Draw Through Unit coil section fin cooling coil Draw Through Unit -

( ) Draw Through Unit Draw Through Unit cooling c Supply fan (blower)

(leav

- Draw-Through Unit Blow Through Unit cooling coil Blow -Through Unit cooling coil Unit (heat) () Outdoor Air Makeup Air AHU (circulate (fresh air) Outdoor Air Handling Unit Handling Unit
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- Blow Through Unit b - (filter) supply fan (serving area) Mixing AHU u (treat) Makeup Air Handling Unit Pre Cooled Air Blow Through Unit cooling c s Blow Through

Blow Through Unit

3-2

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

Outdoor a Handling Unit

(treat)

Outdoor Air Handling Unit Makeup Air

Pre Cooled Air Handling Unit (condensation) () Constant Air Volume (CAV) AHU (air flow rate) Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHU (constant air flow rate AHU d Variable Air Volume Box (VAV Box) -(Chapter-9) (air flow rate) Variable Air Volume Air Handling Unit(VAV AHU) Variab Variable-Air-Volume (VAV) AHU Constant Air Volume(CAV) AHU Constant Air Volume Air Handling Unit(CAV (condensation) outdoor

- air)
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(return air) Com

(outside
3-3

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

(100% outside air)

(outside air) return air

(outside air) (mixed air damper (linear relationship)

- retrun air (application) (Air Filter) (air filter)

damper

(service area) P F Particulate

outdoor air

(air filter types) (air filter) filter (MERV (air filter efficiency -Spot E inimum Efficiency Reporting Value ASHRAE Standard 52.2

Dust-Spot Efficiency

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3-4

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

- (

)Disposable Filter

- ( )Washable Filter

- ()Bag Filter

- ()Electronic Filter 1 micron

- ( )HEPA Filter (filter) (pressure (pressure electrostatic filter

- ( )Cartridge filter 0.3

Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value(MERV)

ASHRAE Standard 52.2

drop) drop)

(disposable

filter (washable filter)

- Air Filtration

(air filter)

(pressure drop)

(particulate contaminant) (filter (outdoor air) (filter) (outdoor air) ( Mixed air Bypass air) ( ) pre f

(filter Ventilation

(filter) (filter) (u (filter)

(filter)
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(pressure drop)
3-5

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

d (filter) (filter) Recalculated air Heating Coil heating coil (electric heat steam heating coil .. Cooling Coil Cooling coil Humidifier (moisture) Fan Blower (circulate) - (Chapter technical data s fan b B (air) steam humidifier chilled water cooling coil direct expansion (DX) cooling coil heater s d mixed air (fine particle (fine particle) (outdoor air) s Pollution standard index (quality) (filter)

Unit Name AHU 1-1 AHU 1-1

7 (reference number (model) 7 (model York 7

Unit Configuratioin(Horizational)
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3-6

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

F Fan(Blower)

(Motor Specification)

- AHU blower B

cooling coil

- AHU Wall casing b Single Inlet Single W (blade) Forward Curve

Blower Type / Blade(DIDW / BACKWARD)

Double Width Blower W b single width b Radial Backward Curve (wheel diameter (frame) Top Discharge
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Wheel Diameter(800 mm)/ Frame K ( ) blower

Discharage(Rear) (discharge Discharge

3-7

Discharge

Top Discharge

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Air Volume = 28,249 CFM (CMH 48,000) AHU b ( ) (air volume) (48,000 CMH 28,249 CFM (48,000 CMH) volume flow rate

Total Pressure = 2.83 in. Wg(707 Pa) AHU b Pa) Mixing b (pressure loss) (filter (pressure loss) ESP / TSP(Pa) = 1.40 in. Wg (350 Pa) / 2.41 in. Wg (603 Pa) P Pressure Pa External/total static p static pressure (pressure drop) Altitude / Temperature = 0(0)/ 68.9(20.5) (sea level) Fan Speed (RPM) = 1019 AHU blower P ( ) drop) damper AHU blower (filter pressure di (pressure loss) External/total (pressure) (total Pressure) m External Static Pressure AHU blower Total static p P External Static Pressure Total Static 1.40 inch of (total Pressure (total pressure) 2.83 inch of water colum (707 (pressure loss) (pressure loss) cooling coil (pressure loss) (lossess)

Water Colum (350 Pa)

2.41 inch of Water Colum(603

Motor Type /Poles = TEFC - IP55 / 4 F (fan (protection against solid and Liquid ) Absorbed Fan / Mortor Power kW = 13.50 kW / 16.20 kW Absorbed p blower (shaft) Belt d
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F (winding)

"Totally Enclosed, Fan Cooled" (enclosure) P motor e

(power)

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

s (transmission loss)

belt d (motor power) AHU blower absorbed p

(motor power) Recommeded Motor = 18.50 kW Recommended motor kW 18.50 (motor power) (recommendation) recommend (motor size) 7 4 (electrical power (voltage) ) Frequency 60 Hz Motor Safety Allowance = 20 % safety allowance Electrical supply = V-ph-Hz (380-415 V / 3ph / 50 Hz) AHU blower supply ( (electrical power supply Fan Discharge Velocity = 13.15 m/s ( ) (out let) Dis (discharge velocity) 22 15.0 4 7 (size)

Totoal Fan Efficiency = 69.79 % Fan(Blower) ) Transmission Specification Pulley Type/Grooces = SPB/2 P P - P Fan / Motor Pulley = mm 335 mm / 236 mm Fan(blower) ( )
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(F

(2 grooves) P (pulley) d

( P ( P

(pulley diameter fan (blower) )

3-9

(pulley diameter ( )

(s

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Belt Length = 2000 mm Fan (blower) OUTLET IN-DUCT SOUND PWR OUTLET IN-DUCT SOUND PWR PER OCTAVE BAND UNIT dB(A)95 dB 125 Hz 95 250 / 500 Hz 1k / 2k Hz 4k / 8k Hz AIRBORNE SOUND POWER AIRBORNE SOUND POWER PER OCTAVE BAND UNIT dB(A)74 dB 125 Hz 85 250 / 500 Hz 1k / 2k Hz 4k / 8k Hz . Air Handling Unit Mode Fire Mode Fire Mode (operate Normal Mode Fire Mode fire alarm panel main fire alarm p Fire alarm p ( ( ) ) Smoke detector Sprinkler f heat detector fire alarm p (water loss ( ) ( ) Manual call p Fire alarm p Normal Mode ( ( ) speed) ( ) ) Air Handling Unit(AHU) (Hi speed) (1,900 sq. m) smoke purging system Smoke purging system a
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(belt)

97 / 94 67 / 62 76 / 68

77 / 69 91 / 85 45 / 34 Normal

(sub fire alarm p fire alarm p Sprinkler sprinkler f

fire alarm p fire alarm p F (shut down) (underground car park (low

() FM200 d

9 Air
3-10

6 Air Change per Hour(6 ACH)

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

Change per Hour(9 ACH) ( ) Staircase Pressurization Fan p Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Building Cooling c (function) (heat t (heat exchangers) cooling coil Chilled-water cooling coil exchanger cooling coil Air Cooling Coil Chilled water cooling coil Direct expansion cooling coil (DX coil) Chilled water cooling coil (hot c (temperature (s Coiling c Heating c heating c Heating fluid(return air) fluid(return air) Cooling coil Cooling c coil (DX coil) water cooling coil refrigerant chilled water Chilled water refrigerant chilled water cooling coil (remove cooling coil direct expansion cooling chilled cooling coil h steam coil fluid(hot water) fluid(hot water) Hot water c (heat exchange) c latent fluid) [return air] (hot fluid -chilled water] (temperature) heat) (essential part) (heat -return Air] heating coil Heating Coil Hot water heating coil Steam heating coil -chilled water exchange ( (heat) plate-fin-tube heat cooling coil

DX (Direct expansion) cooling coil

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Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

- Cooling coil and heating coil Chilled water cooling coil (Direct expansion) cooling coil shell and tube heat exchanger coil C F tube Bypass Air F factor(BF) tube 0.3 EightByp 3.5 m/s fin and tube heat e ir)

- DX(Direct expansion) cooling coil ir) Heat Exchanger refrigerant Plante heat exchanger cooling dehumidif cooling coil tube Bypass Factor(BF) 1.5 Bypass 2 Heat Exchanger DX

(DX Coil) refrigerant (vapor) refrigerant (liquid) p refrigerant

latent heat of vaporization (diameter)

capillary tube (-) capillary tube

direct expansion cooling coil

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3-12

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

- DX(Direct expansion) cooling coil Chilled Water Cooling Coil pipe) (inlet pipe) (pressure r Chiller water Chille (outlet

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3-13

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

oil Hot water H h

- C oil (steam) (steam) c steam (vapor form)

- (- ) heating coil (-) variable flow

- constant flow

cooling coil heat exchanger eharacteristics heat exchanger characteristics

- Counter-Flow Cross-Flow
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Paraller-Flow
3-14

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

Hot media parallel-flow

cold media

flow arrangent Flow

circuit Counter-flow cross-flow efficiency

Heat exchanger

. Coil Coil Cooling load

(Size) (air flow or air volume) Cooling load FPI( (air flow rate) coil (face area) face velocity 2.5m/s fin Cooling coil (velocity) face velocity 2.5m/s (500 FPM) fin ( point temperature (water condensation water d face vapor) condensate velocity drain drain pan pan cooling coil Dew water carried Cooling coil coil face velocity coil row fin

(500 FPM) Cooling

2.5m/s (500FPM)

- Chilled water cooling coil Air flow rate (CMH) Coil (length) (square) coil Squre tube Rectangular Welding Welding coil (rectangular) cooling coil face velocity 2.5 m/s (height) (square) coil (rectangular) coil

Carried Over coil (m2)

copper tube Brazing copper tube (rectangular) cooling coil

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3-15

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Length to height ratio Coil cooling coil water coil ( coil Coil coil Coil ( (height) (height) drain pan condensate drain pan

- Cooling Coil

C (supply air) (dehumidification AHU cooling coil F material)

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- (tubes) fin (copper (tubes) (aluminum material Cu

(tubes) material

(copper (aluminum material)

3-16

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

Alu

Chilled water cooling coil

F copper p Fins Per Inch(FPI) ow coil blower fin Row Fin tube b fin fin cooling capacity (air resistance) FPI (Fins per Inch) Row

- F
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direct

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

(face area) capac FP (face area) FP

Half circuit coil

- F S (

- ) water circuit

Hellically wound fin(Embeded Fin) d = Diameter of Tube -

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L-footed fin(Wrapped-On Fin) D = O.D. of Finned Tube -

f = Fins Per Inch t = Fin Thickness -

3-18

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

oil

- Cooling coil Wet Coil Cooling coil (dehumiditation) (condit ( (temperature) c C D s Dry Coil

c (temperature)

(surface)

(surface temperature)

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3-19

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

(serving area) c cooling coil Cooling c Dry Coil

cooling lo part-load operation (perform) s Wet Coil condensation p d c D -

chilled

cooling coil

condensate water

Wet Coil

- Cooling and dehumidifying process of coil chilled water cooling coil temperature gradient

- Chilled water cooling coil Chilled water cooling coil (leaving temperature) expansion cooling coil (DX coil) . AHU Cooling Coil Specification Cooling coil e
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- Direct expansion cooling coil(DX coil) chilled water refrigerant Refrigerant (entering temperature) l refrigerant (vapour) Direct

air distribution system(air side) Airside load

chilled water system(water side) chilled water side

3-20

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

(heat transfer Air c (user) cooling coil specifica technical r cooling coil

AHU (manufacturer) York

Altitude (ft) (sea (select) (air density ( (altitude Coil Type (BDW) (manufacture c
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level)

(air density) (air density) ) (sea level)

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Tube / Fin Material (Cu/ Al) Coil ube (aluminum (aluminum) Tube Height / Fin Length (38/87) (height f (length) (copper (copper) Alu F Cu

Rows / FPI / Circuit (6/8/C) c coi fin b (pressure drop) Coil Area c Air On DB/ WB cooling coil Air Off DB/ WB cooling coil cooling coil Bulb Face Velocity Cooling c Wet
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(Vertical) row Fins Per Inch(FPI) f

(copp f cooling (air resistance)

heating Coil

Coil Dry Bulb F Wet Bulb (air properties) F Dry Wet Bulb

(air properties)

cooling coil

(air velocity) (air velocity) 2.5m/s (drain f pan)

f cooling coil

Coil

3-22

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

(heat transfer cooling coil Face v cooling coil Air Pressure Drop cooling coil (pressure) P rop (air pressure dorp) (air pressure dorp) ( ) ( ) Sunction Temp for BDX Refrigera direct expansion (DX) (energy) b (air) Heating c (heat) (2.5m/s or 500 fpm)

Water ON/OFF Temperature cooling c chilled water supply te cooling coil w F Water Flow Rate Cooling c (flow rate (total capacity) AH coil e Chilled w chilled (pumping energy) Water Pressure Drop Chilled water supply pressure Chilled water supply pressure (pressure
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chilled w

emperat chilled

chilled w

ure immediately after the coil.

chilled water total cooling c (pressure drop across the coil) chilled w

(flow rate

(flow rate) cooling

(flow rate) w

chilled water return pressure c

chilled water return pressure chilled w

3-23

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Chilled water pressure drop) energy)

(flow rate)

cooling

c (water

(water pressure drop) (pumping energy) ( ) ( ) ()

(pumping

c C

. Sensible Capacity Latent Capacity IP QS(Btu/hr) = 1.1 x CFM x(t2-t1) QL(Btu/hr) = 0.68 x CFM x(W2 W1) QTotal(Btu/hr) = 4.5 x CFM x(h2-h1)

Total Capacity

SI QS Sensible Capacity(Watt)= 1.232 x L/s x(t2-t1) Q L Latent Capacity(Watt)= 3012 x L/s x(W2 W1) QT Total Capacity(Watt)= 1.2 x L/s x(h2-h1) CFM h2-h1 t2-t1 w2 w1 L/s = Volume Flow Rate of Air being process. = Enthalpy Change(Btu/lb F) = Temperature Change( ) = Humidity Ration Change(lbw/lb d.a) (kJ/kg K) (F (kg/kg d.a)

Cooling Coil Sensible Heat Factor(SHF)Formula

where

SHF = room sensible heat factor Sensible Cooling Capacity Total Cooling Capacity F ( ) Sensible Heat Load (kW or Btu/hr) Total Heat Load (kW or Btu/hr) F ( latent c (dehumidification) Latent cooling capacity

heat l

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3-24

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

Coil Load Coil load heat) Off coil temperature chilled water 12C (air flow rate) (air flow rate) Wet Bulb Depression (WB C Over cooling Wet Bulb depression Chilled Water Velocity Copper tube m/s) coil tube performance) 1.5m/s velocity) velocity) Fin Spacing F spacing 12 FPI Coil (length) 14 FPI Cooling coil FPI 12 FPI (face area) tube tube fin spacing (length) H pacing fin fin fin finned area coil () L (height) 8 FPI 10 coil Fin coil tube (water velocity) (water pressure drop) 0.3 m/s chilled water (velocity) turbulence flow coil (.) (1.5 ( .) (0.3 Cooling (heat transfer m/s) tube (water (water 0.5C fin Fin large wet bulb d 1.0C coil spacing (fin spacing) (fin ulb Depression Off coil air off coil air temperature Dry Bulb(DB) leaving air Bulb Wet Bulb 0.1 2 (Pre cooled coil coil cooling coil (air flow rate) Cooling coil off coil temperature 12C 17C ) 11.5C 18C DB sensible heat latent heat total Cooling coil

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3-25

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Coil

(depth of the coil) coil

row

Row

Cooling coil

(performance) (surface)

heat transfer coefficient Log

Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD)

A B

temperature difference between supply air and return a temperature difference between chilled water supply and r (heat transfer) Log Mean Temperature Difference U-factor heat transfer coefficient coil overall heat flow rate

(LMTD) thermal transmittance U factor ( ) Air side coefficient (barrier) ( ) ( ) Coil resistance) (heat transfer resistance) Fin (geometry) Coil (heat transfer) Water film coefficient (barrier) Thermal conductance aluminum film copper tube (velocity) chilled water copper tube air stream fin

(surface)

heat transfer

(resistance to heat transfer)

(air flow rate)

(heat transfer

water side

overall heat transfer coefficient (face area)

. Cooling Coil Header Connection

AHU pipe) cooling coil (order) (header (Right Hand RH coil connection) (Left Hand LH coil connection) return a (RH) (LH connection

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3-26

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

- Righit Hand (RH) and Left Hand (LH) Coil Connection . AHU pipe fitting device

- AHU Chilled water device (A) Gate valve(Isolation valve) (B) Pressure gauge (C) Thermometer (D) Strainer .. (A) Gate Valves Gate valve (isolation ) supply side

pipe fitting

device device

Chilled water return (A) Gate Valve(Isolation valve) (B) Pressure gauge (C) Thermometer (E) Balancing valve (F) Motorize valve

Chilled water control valve return (devices) (devices)

AHU chilled water supply

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3-27

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

chilled water supply Gate Valve Gate Valve chilled water return gate valve

AHU AHU AHU supply

fitting fitting return gate valve

- .. (B) Pressure Gauge Pressure gauge ( ) chilled water supply

Gate Valve chilled water return chilled water

AHU cooling coil

- Pressure Gauage (chilled water flow rate) Chilled water pressure difference) pressure gauge flow rate) gauge chilled water (flow rate) (flow rate)

chilled water supply pressure

chilled water return (pressure

AHU specification

differential pressure across the coil (Actual chilled water Supply pressure (pressure

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3-28

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

.. (C) Temperature Gauge Temperature gauge supply chilled water return Cooling coil shooting) .. (D) Strainer Strainer (filter ) AHU chilled

Thermometer (thermometer) ( ) chilled water Chilled water (Trouble

supply temperature

chilled water return temperature (performance)

(chilled water supply) water strainer (mesh)

AHU

cooling coil strainer

- Strainer .. (E) Balancing Valve Balancing valve (design flow rate

- Balancing Valve

) chilled water flow rate

Pump rate) water flow rate rate)

AHU Pump pump

friction loss AHU AHU

(flow chilled (flow

- Two way valve and Three way valve .. (F) Chilled Water Control Valve AHU Modulating Valve
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- chilled water control valve and Actuator

Modulating Valve (flow rate) AHU cooling load (flow rate)

3-29

chilled water Cooling load Actuator

chilled water

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

. AHU

FCU Drain AHU drain pipe AHU Drain pipe AHU drain - Trap for Draw-Through Unit pipe Drain PVC (removable) plug Removable plug Trap fan (-) (-) (site Air Handling Unit trap (copper) ) condensate water drain pan Drain pan

Tee joint (outlet pressure)

- Drain Pip

AHU/FCU 7 kW 7.1 kW 35.1 kW 106.1 kW 176.1 kW 616.1 kW

(Capacity in kW) 35 kW 106 kW 176 kW 616 kW 1050 kW

Drain 19 mm (/ 25mm ( 32 mm ( 40 mm ( -/ 50 mm ( 75 mm (

(mm) ) ) ) ) ) )

. Air Handling Unit ( AHU )

( ) Air Handling Unit control device

(Code)

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3-30

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

( )

AHU (8 row row

cooling coil cooling coil

finned coil

8 row ) Air treatment process cooling coil servicing (drain) U bend (Air break condensate water chilled water abrasion

(cleaning) ( ) Cooling coil condensate water Condensate drain pan ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) AHU AHU AHU fan AHU resistant AHU system ( ) AHU (installation) Code of practice for Fire Precaution (operate) safety requirement) .. AHU Fan System Design Criteria AHU fan blower blower cooling coil (switched off) floor trap cooling coil

between the condensate drain pope and the floor trop. )

Air con AHU system

(fire

4 kW

Fan power limitation in air conditioning system Allowable Nameplate motor power Constant Volume (CAV AHU) 1.7 kW / m/s Variable Air Volume System(VAV) AHU ( ) Constant Air Vloume System(CAV) AHU kW/ m/s kW ) Air conditioning system (automatically s ( ) 7 day timer schedule
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Variable Volume 2.4 kW / m/s fan nameplate motor fan motor Nameplate reading 2.4 kW/m/s 2.4 kW 1.7 1.7

AHU

start/ (temporatory operation)

3-31

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

function ( ) ( ) Occupancy sensor (no occupant) Security system AHU (guest room) ( ) ( ) (zone) ( ) AHU (shutdown) exhaust air system AHU (shutdown) cool P outdoor air damper ( ) A system ( ) Damper (space) damper (pressure) damper l/s 2.4 m/s outdoor air connection F automatic shutdown Part load fan power limitation (power) 11 kW (power) 0.5 kW (design airflow) fan system % (zone) (zone) exhausted air P 100 l/s damper per m 100 (leak) outdoor supply air exhaust (outdoor air intake) ( ) occupancy AHU building (air flow rate) 5 m/s Optimum start control algorithm AHU set point optimum start control (room temperature) scheduled occupancy (detect) occupancy sensor AHU security system (shutdown) (manual on/off) AHU ( ) (shutdown)

(differential temperature) 2300 m

AHU (zone)

(maximum leakage rate)

exhaust air system

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3-32

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

) VAV system AHU f Variable speed drive (VSD/VFD) blade

(power)

11 kW static pressure set point demand variable pith 1/3 of

( ) %

(design airflow) %

design wattage

Static pressure sensor location VAV System AHU total design fan static pressure duct main branch duct duct static pressure sensor Set point reset Direct Digital Control(DDC) reset damper . VAV AHU Building 95% Controller Automation AHU Control Logic System AHU graphic Control logic Direct Digital Controller(DDC) set point VAV Box reset lower ) static pressure set point ( static pressure sensor major brach duct 1/3 of Main

Building Automation System

- Building Automation System(BAS)

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AHU graphic
3-33

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Air Handling Unit

field device ST: On/Off status TA: trip alarm

Input

Output SP: Static pressure RH: Relative Humidity WFR: water flow rate KWH: kilo-watt hour S/S: Start/Stop control VSD: variable speed drive M: motorised actuator O/C: Open/Close control Legend

Legend

A/M: Auto/Manual mode SD: Smoke detector DPS: switch WLD: Water leakage Detector T: Temperature - Air Handling Unit field device Input Differential pressure

Output

.. Description Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHU control application Controller (DDC) model UAH2484L Direct Digital

Direct Digital Controller (DDC) Input Direct Digital Controller(DDC) UAH24842L (1)Digital Input(Dry contacts) Direct Digital Controller(DDC) UAH24842L Digital Input () (connect) Input

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3-34

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

- VAV AHU VAV AHU Digital Input Selector mode status On/Off status Trip status controller

controller control logic

Input

Output

Smoke detector status(maximum 4 nos.) General dry contacts(maximum 8 nos.)

(2) Analog Input(0-5 Vdc/4-20mA/ NTC 10K temperature) Direct Digital Controller(DDC)UAH24842L Analog Input Temperature sensors(maximum 4 nos.) Static Pressure Chilled water flow rate CO2 Universal Input(maximum 5 nos.) Analog Input monitoring F rder Low Pass Filter Method (abnormal) sensor reading Analog Input () (connect)

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3-35

Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Where,

Vnew = New reading to be updated in DDC Vold = Old reading updated in DDC Vin = Sensor reading, C = constant(0.0~ 1.0)

(3) Pulse Input Direct Digital Controller(DDC) UAH24842L pulse width (value) 0 Output Direct Digital Controller (DDC) UAH24842L Output(0-10 Vdc or 4- 20mA) (4) Digital Output Direct Digital Channel AHU F F / / / / / Controller(DDC)UAH24842L Digital output configure channel ( ) Digital Output control () C Digital Output(24 Vac Triac) & Analog 1,999,999,999 (50ms) (display) pulse Input () (connect) Accumulated counter

AHU Start/Stop(Individual schedule or manual control) Fan 1 Start/Stop(Individual schedule manual control)(used as By pass damper control ) Fan 2 Start/Stop(Individual schedule manual control) Return air damper Exhaust air damper Return air damper Open/Close control(interlock with AHU operation) Exhaust air damper Open/Close control(interlock with AHU operation) (5) Analog Output Direct Digital Controller(DDC) UAH24842L Analog output channel AHU Variable Speed Drive(VSD) control AHU chilled water valve control .. DDC Terminal Block Assignment (UAH2484L) Terminal Block () TB1 TB6 TB8 terminal

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3-36

Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

Terminal Block No TB0

Label +24V COM AO1 COM AO2 UI1 UI4 COM UI5 UI8 COM UI9 UI12 COM COM COM COM P3 COM P4

Description 24 VAC Input(L) 24 VAC Input(N) Analog Output 1 Com terminal for AO1 & AO2 Analog Output 2 Universal Input 1-4 2 COM Terminals for UI 1-4 Universal Input 5-8 2 COM Terminals for UI 5-8 Universal Input 9-12 2 COM Terminals for UI 9-12 2 COM Terminals for UI 13-16 2 COM Terminals for UI 17-20 2 COM Terminals for UI 21-24 Pulse Input Com terminal for P3 & P4 Pulse Input Digital Output 1 - 8 Network wire from previous DDC Network wire from previous DDC Network wire to next DDC Network wire to next DDC

Remark

TB1

TB2 TB3 TB4 TB5 TB6 TB7

Each com shared by 2 UI Each com shared by 2 UI Each com shared by 2 UI Each com shared by 2 UI Each com shared by 2 UI Each com shared by 2 UI Only P3 is used. Only TO1,3,5,6 are used.

UI13 UI16 Universal Input 13-16 UI17 UI20 Universal Input 17-20 UI21 UI24 Universal Input 21-24

TB8

TB9

TO1-TO8 N+

TO3 not used for Tower 1

TB10

NN+ N-

.. AHU Control Logic AHU operating mode () () Purge mode () Alarm mode () Normal operation mode () Manual control mode () Bypass damper control

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Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHU DDC Layout

Wiring Diagram

- Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHU DDC Layout Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHU Typical Sensor Termination () Purge mode Purge mode AHU

Wiring Diagram

Flushing Mode Network controller Controller On/Off On/Off purge P output (type) exhaust air damper (type) return air damper (run) Fan speed ode F ( network ode ) controlled device (set to open) (set to close) P ode set point purge mode enable

AHU supply air fan

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Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

Modulating

(type) chilled water valve

(set to 0%)

- Variable Air Volume(VAV)AHU Typical Sensor Termination () Alarm mode Blower VSD speed Return air damper AHU damper (open) schedule AHU on DDC Auto mode mode selection switch selector switch Mode selection switch () Normal operation mode (start/stop) (manually) 0% (set to 0% (set to close) chilled water valve Exhaust air damper (close) (fully close) return air ode AHU AHU

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Air Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System (Vol. 1)

selector switch () Manual control Mode On/Off On/Off PID algorithm Modulating algorithm

local mode

DDC

(type) exhaust air damper (type) return air damper fan speed (type) chilled water valve output contol singal output contol singal

(set to close) (set to open) static pressure setpoint VSD cooling set point modulating actuator PID

AHU supply air fan

AHU On/Off type Exhaust air damper On/Off type return air damper VSD output Valve output 0% 0% AHU (set to close) (set to open) (set to 0 %) (set to 0 %) interlock

() Bypass damper control Bypass damper control (open/close) manually

Chilled water valve control P Actuator Temperature setpoint default setpoint Supply air temperature Dead band default value control PID loop 4 Proportional band default value modulating type chilled water valve 0~10 Vdc control signal default PID parameter control

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Chapter-3 Air Handling Units

- Modulating valve control Integral default value ( PI control )

- Temperature control derivative constant default value

Supply Fan Variable Speed Drive (VSD) control P Signal 0~10 Vdc default PID parameter P control PID loop P P derivative constant default value ) P Temperature setpoint Default setpoint Sensor range Dead band default value Integral default value ( PI control F Variable Speed Drive(VSD) control Output

Minimum supply air static pressure Proportional band default value

- VSD control

- Static Pressure Control

-End-

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