Pervasive Computing in Research

A European Perspective

Dr. A. Komninos Glasgow Caledonian University Mobile & Ubiquitous Computing Research Group

The FP7 programme

Europes research strategy for 2007-12

FP7 > ICT > Challenges

Challenge 1 - Pervasive and Trusted Network and Service Infrastructures Challenge 2 - Cognitive Systems and Robotics Challenge 3 - Alternative Paths to Components and Systems Challenge 4 - Technologies for Digital Content and Languages Challenge 5 - ICT for Health, Ageing Well, Inclusion and Governance Challenge 6 - ICT for low carbon economy Challenge 7 - ICT for the Enterprise and Manufacturing Challenge 8 - ICT for Learning and Access to Cultural Resources

C1 - Pervasive & Trusted network & service infrastructures

The challenge is to comprehensively and consistently address the multiple facets of a Future Internet, with energy efficiency also appearing as an important societal concern. New Architectures Trustworthiness RFID & the Internet of things

Internet of things
Original funding towards the development of RFID & e-business (FP5/6) Paradigm reshift towards the Internet of Things: First definition (90s): discovering information about a tagged object by browsing an Internet address or database entry that corresponds to a particular RFID. Today, the Internet of Things refers to the general idea of things, including everyday objects, which are readable, recognisable, locatable, addressable and/or controllable via the Internet. Communications in the Internet of Things can be 'thing-to-person' communications or 'thing-to-thing' communications.

C2 - Cognitive systems & robotics

In the real world, ICT systems should be able to respond intelligently to gaps in their knowledge and to situations that have not been specified in their design.

We therefore want robots(?) to understand their environments and their users while operating either fully autonomously or in cooperation with people in complex, dynamic spatial environments. We want artificial systems to allow for rich interactions using all senses and for communication in natural language and using gestures. They should be able to adapt autonomously to environmental constraints and to user needs, intentions and emotions.

C3 - alternative paths to components & systems

The deep miniaturisation, energy efficiency, performance increase and manufacturability of nano-electronic devices The integration of new functionalities for the next generation of application-specific components and smart systems through the convergence of microelectronics, nano-materials, biochemistry, measurement technology and ICT. The design, modelling and operation of systems composed of a large number of independent, heterogeneous and interacting embedded systems as well as their monitoring and control; and the management of interconnected large, yet autonomous systems ("Systems of Systems").

C3 - alternative paths to components & systems

The parallelisation and programmability methods to allow the adaptation of existing software to multicore computing architectures and systems, from embedded devices to generalpurpose and to high performance computing.
The further development of core and disruptive photonic technologies (lasers, waveguides, photodetectors, amplifiers, LEDs, optical fibres, etc), fundamental in strategic applications such as medicine, biology, communications, lighting, sensing and measurement, and manufacturing. The development of advanced, low temperature processing, and potentially printable devices and systems on large area and/or flexible substrates, such as light emitting and sensing devices, photovoltaics, displays, printed electronics for smart tags, or wearable smart textiles.

C4 - digital libraries & content

New digital library services allowing content and knowledge to be produced, stored, managed, personalised, transmitted, preserved and used reliably, efficiently and at low cost;
Digital preservation services addressing the needs of memory institutions and more generally of businesses, public bodies, government services who have responsibilities for keeping digital records accessible. New management and production tools making digital resources easier and more cost- effective to create and reuse;

More creative approaches to content and knowledge, enabling creators to design more participative and communicative media and increase the productivity of publishers;
Enabling the mass-individualization of learning experiences, through systems allowing faster acquisition of competences and skills, increased knowledge worker productivity, and more efficient organisational learning processes.

c5 - ict for health, ageing well, inclusion and governance

Personal Health Systems research aims for disease management and also targets rehabilitation and treatment at the point of need with a focus on specific diseases. Virtual Physiological Human research focused on more elaborate and reusable multi-scale models and a VPH information infrastructure of larger repositories. Preparatory actions will aim at a grand challenge on a "Digital Patient", being the integration of patient-specific models for better prediction and treatment of diseases.
Patient Guidance Services to enable patients' active participation in care processes. A special emphasis will be given to semantic interoperability to enable integration of patient information from multiple sources and locations and to ubiquitous and secure access to these personal health records.

c5 - ict for health, ageing well, inclusion and governance

Research on ICT for Ageing Well, focused on developing service and social robotics and highly intelligent environments in support of the ageing population. This is complementary to the AAL programme
Research on ICT for smart and personalised inclusion addressing advanced solutions to improve social and economic inclusion by means of inclusive design, accessible, personalisable and human-ICT interfaces, social computing and advanced solutions for learning and skills acquisition, as well as Brain-Neural Computer Interfaces. Research into ICT solutions for governance and policy modelling addressing ICT tools for trusted governance and policy impact analysis. This research should help deal with future scenarios involving even greater complexity and citizens involvement, in particular addressing the needs of the younger generation.

c6 - ict for low carbon economy

ICT for sustainable growth Energy Efficiency of the ICT Sector,

Energy Efficient Buildings,

Smart Cities (e.g. Smart Neighbourhoods),

Smart Electricity Grids and Smart Metering,

Climate Change Management,

Water Management.

c6 - ict for low carbon economy

ICT for sustainable transport and mobility
Sustainable Road Transport; systems for vehicles, transport services, and logistics services, the use of electric and hybrid vehicles. Sustainable Urban Mobility; data collection and analysis of the state of the transportation network; integrated transportation networks; and urban mobility of goods

Vehicle to Vehicle
& Vehicle to Infrastructure communication Ubiquitous access and End-User Interfaces

Road Transport Safety;

ICT and the Decarbonisation of Transport; to integrate electric vehicles fully into the urban mobility system, integration with other modes, demand management, and charging. Deployment and Horizontal Issues.

C7 - ICT for the enterprise & manufacturing

'Smart factories' including application experiments of control and sensor-based systems, laser systems and industrial robots

'Manufacturing solutions for new ICT products' addressing manufacturing processes for Organic Large Area Electronics (OLAEs) and organic photonics 'Virtual factories and enterprises' addressing end-to-end integrated ICT allowing for innovation and higher management efficiency in networked operations and supporting the emergence of 'smarter' virtual factories and enterprises
'Digital manufacturing' including product life cycle management, modelling, design and optimisation

c8 -ICT for Learning and Access to Cultural Resources

Digital Preservation & Access to Cultural Heritage More reliable and secure preservation technologies and methods Technologies and systems for intelligent management of preservation Interdisciplinary research networks Promotion schemes for the uptake of digital preservation research outcomes Technologies for creating personalised and engaging digital cultural experiences Open and extendable platforms for building services that support use of cultural resources for research and education

Improved and affordable technologies for the digitisation of specialised forms of cultural resources, including tools for virtual reconstructions
Awareness raising of research results

c8 -ICT for Learning and Access to Cultural Resources

Technology enhanced learning
Technology-enhanced Learning systems endowed with the capabilities of human tutors Educational technologies for science, technology and maths Advanced solutions for fast and flexible deployment of learning opportunities at the workplace (targeting, in particular, SMEs) Computational tools fostering creativity in learning processes

Exploratory activities, demonstrations and showcases

Affective and emotional approaches Revolutionary learning appliances

Responsive environments for technology-enhanced learning

Adaptive and intuitive learning systems

Summary
Ubiquitous systems & Ambient Intelligence are a theme which is seen as fundamental to Europes research strategy. Key directions are towards sensing, capturing and storing (managing) data (network & system architectures) inferring knowledge from captured data (AmI)

making knowledge available to end-users at different abstraction levels (raw, meta) (Pervasive Information Access & HCI)

Some Sample projects

SAFERIDER CHRONIOUS SmartHouse/SmartGrid

Saferider
The adaptation and implementation of appropriate ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS (ADAS) and INVEHICLE INFORMATION SYSTEMS (IVIS) technologies in motorcycles, to contribute to the significant enhancement of riders' safety. ARAS (Advanced RIDER Assistance Systems) OBIS (On-Bike Information Systems)

ARAS & OBIS

ARAS Speed alert functionality Curve warning Frontal collision warning

Intersection support
Lane change support OBIS eCall Telediagnostics module Navigation & Route Guidance Weather, traffic & black spot warnings

Saferider - ended 31/12/2010

AvMap Italy Federal Highway Research Institute Germany Hellenic Institute of Transport Greece

Centro para la Inverstigacion y Desarrollo en Transporte y Energia Spain

CONNCEPT SWISS Switzerland Europe Recherche Transport France FEMA Belgium Fraunhofer Institut fr Arbeitswirtschaft und Organisation Germany Ibeo Automobile Sensor GmbH Germany French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research France

Meta System S.p.a. Italy MIRA Ltd United Kingdom NZI Helmets Spain PERCRO Italy PIAGGIO Italy Porsche Engineering Germany Universita degli Studi di Firenze Italy University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Italy University of Padova Italy University of Trento Italy YAMAHA Motor Europe Netherlands

CHRONIOUS
CHRONIOUS proposes an adaptive and ubiquitous chronic disease management system that offers continuous monitoring to patients by using several sensors either in a form of a wearable solution or scattered in the patients living environment and a series of intelligent services to healthcare providers and organisations that aid them in the monitoring of their patients.

Constant monitoring of activity using audio observation methods, activity sensors and vital signs sensors.
Detects any trait of abnormal health status and possible alerting incidents and generates alerts in case of invalid medical data or abnormal current activity and behaviour. An overarching goal of the proposed system is to underline and emphasize the partnership between technology-centered and human-centered sciences as technologies for sensing, computing and communications become increasingly ubiquitous.

CHRONIOUS core OBJECTIVES

Wearable solution for monitoring not only vital parameter but also environmental parameters and social context parameters.
Simple, customised and adaptive interfaces that take into account the users profile, medical history and relating HCI (human-computer interaction) factors. Interfaces for patients & medical staff. Implementation of new algorithms and methods to perform perceptual and evaluation of the subject using information from multiple sensors. Multi-fusion from heterogeneous sources decision support system. Appropriate, certified medical content and personalised views on it exploiting intelligent agent techniques coupled with flexible search and retrieval of information. Interoperability with existing healthcare legacy systems based on standards such as HL7 etc. Alert and reminding mechanisms to inform end-users of several events. A secure platform, taking into account privacy and ethical issues

chronious - end date 31/1/2012

TESAN S.p.A. Italy

Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi Italy Universitat de Barcelona Spain

Universitat Bremen TZI Germany

Link Consulting, Tecnologias; Sistemas de Informacao, S.A. Portugal LOGICOM SOLUTION Cyprus Uniscan Instruments Limited United Kingdom Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Faerderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Germany CURE Center for Usability Research & Engineering Austria

Solianis Monitoring AG Switzerland MICRODATA ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY SA Greece MIP Consorzio per l'innovazione e la Gestione delle Imprese e della Pubblica Amministrazione Italy IXTENT s.r.o. Czech Republic Foundation for Research and Technology Greece Center for Research & Technology Thessaly GreeceConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Dipartimento Tecnologie della Informazione e delle Comunicazioni (ICT) ItalyVelti Anonymi Etaireia Proionton Logismikou & Ypiresion Greece

Smarthouse/smartgrid
It develops intelligent networked ICT technology for collaborative technical-commercial aggregations of Smart Houses, able to communicate, interact and negotiate with both customers and energy devices in the local energy grid so as to achieve maximum overall energy efficiency as a whole. The main idea is to allow flexible pricing for businesses, saving opportunities for homes (run more services when tariffs are low), optimal load balance, fault tolerance and graceful degradation under critical conditions

smarthouse/smartgrid

(SWF presentation)

smarthouse/smartgrid
SAP AG, Research Center Karlsruhe Germany IWES - Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology Germany MVV Energie AG Germany ECN - Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands Holland ICCS - Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (University of Athens) Greece

PPC - Public Power Corporation S.A. () Greece

Fp7
The FP7 ICT Programme
http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict/

Funded EU Projects under FP programmes

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ICT4Health & AAL projects

Lab of Medical Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, Institute of Biomedical & Biomolecular Research
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IST/ICT/Objective 5 (2007-12) - http://heartcycle.eu/ Project baseline The project will provide a closed-loop disease management solution being able to serve both Heart Failure (HF) patients and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) patients, including possible co-morbidities hypertension, diabetes and arrhythmias. This will be achieved by multi-parametric monitoring and analysis of vital signs and other measurements. Technologies: New Sensors: Cuff-less blood pressure, wearable SpO2, inductive impedance, electronic acupuncture system, etc. Decision Support System: Personalized patient and professional DSS, Models for predicting the short-term and long-term effects of lifestyle and medication, Models for obtaining an objective indicator of patient compliance Patient platform: Dynamic context awareness in a User Interaction Workflow, Sensor network middleware for sensors abstraction, Medication compliance coaching Professional platform: Management of chronic care plans, Light workflow engine available for light devices with very high expressivity and easy to modify on execution

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Project objectives

An integrated care system for cardiovascular disease management linking health status monitoring, motivation and treatment assistance at home with the professional care platform. A closed-loop treatment system, empowering the patient, and giving motivating feedback to show the importance of working with the treatment program. A tool for Health status Assessment for Patients at Home by integrating easy to use sensors for vital body sign measurement and feature extraction algorithms. Methods that provide accurate daily measurements related to medication and lifestyle effectiveness. This information will be integrated into the decision support system to warn the professional of unfavorable trends, and possible problems, enabling appropriate updating of the patient care plan. The system will also give feedback to the patient to inform him of his health progression, and enable a more optimal lifestyle management.

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Partners

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ICT-2009.7.1: ICT & Ageing (2010-14) - http://www.universaal.org/

Project baseline universAAL aims to produce an open platform that provides a standardized approach making it technically feasible and economically viable to develop AAL solutions. The platform will be produced by a mixture of new development and consolidation of stateofthe art results from existing initiatives.
Work on establishing and running a sustainable community will receive attention right from the start, with promotion of existing results gradually evolving into promotion of the universAAL platform, as it develops into one consolidated, validated and standardized European open AAL platform. 69

Project objectives

The main objective of the project is to make it technically feasible and economically viable to conceive, design and deploy innovative new AAL services by:
producing a platform providing the necessary technical support, and acting as an open, common basis for both developers and end-users; carrying out support activities promoting widespread acceptance and adoption of the platform. These activities form an integral part of the project and will start at an early stage.

Detailed objectives: Approach to platform development

Design and establish uStore. Inspired by Apples App Store concept, the uStore will provide a one-stop-shop for universAAL end-user services Design and establish the universAAL developer depot. Consolidate existing work and integrate with new development Devise a technical strategy for achieving interoperability amongst universAAL platform elements Design the platform to be open, and allow interoperability with existing systems / other domains.

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Partners

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AAL Joint Programme, Call AAL-2008-1 (2007-12) - http://www.remote-project.eu/ Project baseline Pan-European research project concerned with the needs of elderly and individuals with chronic conditions Focus especially on those living in geographical or social isolation whose independent life is at risk with chronic conditions or lifestyle risk factors Development of support services by introducing an innovative, ontology-driven, open reference architecture and platform that will enable interoperability, seamless connectivity and sharing of content among the different services The project attaches great importance to the consistent involvement of its potential end-users and the measurement of usability, impact and acceptance of the projects developments by elderly Users: Primary end-users: Elderly with specific chronic conditions living in rural and isolated areas Secondary end-users: Health professionals Tertiary end-users: Health and care insurance providers

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Project objectives

The project will provide support for an independent life at home with the aid of AmI (Ambient intelligence) and tele-healthcare The elderlys personal environment will be enhanced with various kinds of monitoring and automation abilities for tracing activity and health condition, as well as detecting risks or critical situations The project will use and scale-up existing research prototypes and new systems for collecting human- and context-related data (including sensors attached to a persons body, or sensors and actuators installed in houses or cars) As a growing number of elderly in urban as well as in rural areas live on their own, monitoring activity and medical data at anytime and from anywhere can ensure autonomy and a better quality of care and thus close the growing gap between urban and rural areas
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Partners

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Citizen Centered Health & lifestyle Management via Interactive TV: The PANACEIA Health System
IST2001 - I.1.1: Intelligent environment for citizen centred health management (2001-04) Project baseline The purpose of PANACEIA-iTV is to facilitate essential lifestyle changes and to promote compliance with scientifically sound self-care recommendations through the application of interactive digital television for family health maintenance through home care. PANACEIA-ITV is looking for communication of monitoring microdevices with iTV set boxes using infrared technology, and embodiment of analogous H/W and S/W in the ITV set boxes Major system components developed: TV set-top-box supporting communication with simple home monitoring devices like weight scale, blood pressure measurement, and videocamera; Interactive Digital TV services supporting the delivery of a home care; access to a contact centre to manage the interactive family health maintenance service of a large number of users; Internet-based services for the delivery of complementary health educational services and products.

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Citizen Centered Health & lifestyle Management via Interactive TV: The PANACEIA Health System
Project objectives

Technology: Develop communication means between iTV and microdevices capable of recording simple, daily routine measurements through infra-red communication Health services: Through the use of iTV, provide easily accessible high information contented educational and health prevention / monitoring material. Business models: the creation of a business scheme that can glue together different competences such as information coding/processing, cable TV services, micro device manufacturers, telecommunication manufacturers, medical service provision centres, contact centres.

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Citizen Centered Health & lifestyle Management via Interactive TV: The PANACEIA Health System
Partners

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Future Emerging Technologies (FET) projects

Research Unit 3 - Design of Ambient Intelligent Systems (DAISy) Computer Technology Institute - Greece
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extrovert Gadgets

IST/FET/Disappearing Computer (2001-03) Project baseline The project specifies a Gadgetware Architectural Style (GAS), which will be used both by artifact designers and users to construct gadgetworlds. An artifact is an everyday object, augmented with software and hardware components that make it GAS-aware and able to communicate with other artifacts. A gadgetworld is a configuration of artifacts supported by the plug-synapse model: plugs are the services and properties of artifacts, while synapses are functional associations of compatible plugs. Thus, an artifact is used as a component of a ubiquitous computing application.

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extrovert Gadgets

Project objectives Specify a gadgetware architectural style (GAS), containing a design vocabulary that maps the common characteristics of e-gadgets, the semantic types of permissible inter-gadget associations and the configuration rules mediating the composition of egadgets. Design and develop GAS-OS, the middleware that would support the collaboration of e-gadgets within the framework of GAS. Validate the completeness and appropriateness of GAS by developing sample artifacts that conform to GAS and designing detailed scenarios of use.

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extrovert Gadgets

Partners

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IST/FET/Open (2003-06) Project baseline Investigate methods for engineering emergent collective behaviour in large societies of micro-nano scale collaborative autonomous agents (C.A.A.) that can learn and evolve. The applications objective for this project is to provide platforms for on-line maintenance and repair of filters for organ replacement therapy systems; however, the concept is more general and can be scaled up at a later stage. The application has been chosen so as to provide an appropriate framework for focusing the technical innovation in the project, and illustrating through this focus the potential for high return. An important aspect is that the agents have a clear mission to accomplish tasks that lead to coherent team activity. Successful collective performance in missions of this type critically depends upon: (a) accurate environmental perception, (b) a real time decision making / action loop, (c) emergent goal directed social behaviour.

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Project objectives Develop a novel agent architectural design, which will serve as a blueprint for implementation of effective and optimal agents. Create an accompanying programmable hardware/software development environment, which will facilitate the evolution of complex agent architectures and the development of successive CAA generations within each CAA brand. It will include modules for specification, composition, simulation and evaluation of each generation Develop hardware technology platforms and processes encompassing high density interconnect (HDI) solutions, self assembly techniques, and a multidimensional integration approach of field programmable gate 3D arrays, micro-nano scale sensors and actuators, to create tangible hardware agents Implement a proof-of-concept system using micro-channel networks to replicate aspects of the priority application in order to investigate in-situ behaviour of the tangible agents.

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Partners
Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine University of Patras , Greece

www.med.upatras.gr DAISy Research Unit 3 Computer Technology Institute, Greece

www.cti.gr University of Essex, UK

www.essex.ac.uk Tyndall National Institute Cork, Ireland www.tyndall.ie

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Enabling mixed societies of communicating plants and artifacts

IST/FET/Open (2003-06) Project baseline To develop complex interactive systems by embedding sensors in and around particular plants, and by developing middleware that will enable the integration of distributed systems composed of sensors and artifacts into ecosystems. The resulting mixed society is capable of reacting (via actuators) to external stimuli (perceived via sensors), aiming to maintain a coherent global state (with the use of appropriate middleware) and to interact with its environment (using wireless networks, bio-signals and a concise interaction style, which includes form, language and ontology).

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Enabling mixed societies of communicating plants and artifacts

Project objectives To study plant eco-systems in order to understand sensing and communication mechanisms, which will be used as models for the specification of the plant-artefact interfacing mechanisms. To design and develop sensors and sensor networks, which will be implanted around and in plants and will transform biological signals into digital signals. To design and develop biosensors and actuators, which will provide artefacts with the ability to induce complex responses from plantlife and perceive their environment in a plant-like way. To design and implement specific middleware (ePlantOS) in order to integrate complex distributed systems of sensors and artefacts into a balanced eco-system, for the purposes of non-predictive study of selected plant-life and interaction with its environment (people included) Tocreate two demonstrators, where intermediate results will be used for evaluation and optimisation and the final results will be analysed and displayed.

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Enabling mixed societies of communicating plants and artifacts Partners

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Awareness Services and Systems Towards theory and ReAlization

IST/FET/Open (2006-09) Project baseline To define a framework for supporting the conception and the design of Pervasive Awareness systems, specifically those that are intended to support social relationships. The envisaged framework consists of theories and technological solutions, addressing the two aims of the project:
To develop a theory to guide the design and the evaluation of pervasive awareness systems for supporting social communication. To develop supporting technology consisting of a service oriented architecture, tools and applications that can support communities to create, adapt and appropriate Pervasive Awareness systems.

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Awareness Services and Systems Towards theory and ReAlization Project objectives To develop an integrated theory of connectedness and awareness. To develop a descriptive model and a design theory/framework for awareness mechanisms. To design an integrated service oriented architecture and implement a platform for supporting end-user development of awareness systems. To design and develop a set of tools that will support the composition of awareness applications by end-users. To develop proof-of-concept awareness applications by end-user communities using the experimental ASTRA technology.

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Awareness Services and Systems Towards theory and ReAlization Partners

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ICT/FET/Pervasive Adaptation (2007-11) Project baseline To contribute to the realization of trusted ambient ecologies. Interactive appliances, collaborative devices, and context aware artifacts, as well as models, services, software components are parts of ambient ecologies, which form the infrastructure that supports user activities. In ATRACO project, each activity is modelled as an activity sphere using finite resources to achieve the goals of its owner and having its internal knowledge model, in the form of an ontology, and clearly marked borders, which realize the privacy requirements. The user tasks that compose an activity are supported by an ad-hoc orchestration of ubiquitous computing services offered by the ecology. The bubble adapts to different contexts by re-negotiating its borders, adopting suitable interaction modes and employing resource management models.

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Project objectives To lay the foundations for the development of a new range of components, architectures and guidelines that underpins the development of ambient ecologies. More specifically, the project will:
Develop a conceptual framework for ambient ecologies and activity spheres, realized as a core ontology Research on heterogeneity by developing and testing theories of ontology matching and alignment to achieve task based semantic integration of heterogeneous devices and services Design a service-oriented ambient ecology architecture and develop or adapt the necessary components to realize its services Research on various forms of adaptation and develop a set of intelligent agents to support adaptive task realization, interaction, activity sphere management and networking Develop a testbed application, which will be deployed in the iDorm-2 and the campus at the University of Essex

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Partners

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