PAST

SIMPLE
__ (e)d Yesterday, last week, last month, last year, for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, always, often, usually, never, "...when I was a ? did + child", "...when I was younger", when clauses ( "When I dropped my verb (NO pen..." or "When class began...") ed) - did not specific time in the past (specific time is used to show when an action began or finished); list a series of completed actions in the past; with a duration (long action often used with expressions like "for two years," "for five minutes," "all day" or "all year.") which starts and stops in the past; to describe a habit which stopped in the past; "When clauses" are important because they always happen first when both clauses are in the Simple Past;

PRESENT
3.l.j.___s ? do does SIMPLE every day, always, usually, sometimes, rarely, never - Will + (verb) - (am/ is/are) + (going to) + (verb) ? inv. - will not

FUTURE
SIMPLE
-"Will" to express a voluntary action; -"Will" to express a promise; - "Be going to" to express a plan; - "Will" or "Be Going to" to express a prediction; Like all future forms, the Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with "when", "while", "before", "after", "by the time," "as soon as," "if" and "unless" ; "Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help; both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future; In the Simple Future, it is not always clear which USE the speaker has in mind - often, there is more than one way to interpret a sentence's meaning.

- do not does not An action is repeated or usual; to make generalizations about people or things CONTINUOUS Am Now, at this moment, today, these month, these Is year, these century ___ing Always with negative emotion are ? inv. not Sadanji trenutak; budunost ukoliko je u pitanju tano utvren plan will or not will happen in the near future; PERFECT Have + Ever, never, once, many times, several (IIIk.)__ed times, before, so far, already, yet, up to Has + now ? inv. - not Unspecified time before now (time is not important); to describe experience about change that has happend over a period of time; accomplishments of individuals and humanity (without time!); an action which we expected has not happend and we still waiting; process is not complete

CONTINUOUS
Was interrupted action in the past; specific time as Were ____ing an interruption; parallel actions; repetition ? inv. and irritation with "always"; was not were not Clauses with the Past Continuous usually start with while. While expresses the idea "during the time; to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted (the interruption is usually an action in the Simple Past); In the Past Continuous a specific time only interrupts the action; with two actions in the same sentence to expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time, the actions are parallel; often use a series of Parallel Actions to describe atmosphere in the past; with words such as always or constantly expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past - the concept is very similar to the expression used to but with negative emotion (remember to put the words always or constantly between "be" and "verb+ing.");

- (will be) + __ing

CONTINUOUS - interrupted action in the future

- specific time as an interruption - parallel actions - atmosphere

- (am /is/are) + (going to) + __ing ? inv. - not

PERFECT
Had _(IIIk.)_ed completed action before something in past; duration before ? inv. something in the past; specific times with the Past Perfect - not expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past; to show that something happened before a specific time in the past; with Non-progressive Verbs and some non-progressive uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past; If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the Simple Past can be used instead of the Past Perfect when before or after is used in the sentence.- the words before and after actually tell you what happens first so the Past Perfect is optional - if the Past Perfect action did not happen at a specific time, Past Perfect MUST be used at all times;

PERFECT CONTINUOUS duration before something in the past Had been + (IIIk.)+__ing "for five minutes" and "for two weeks"; ? inv. cause of something in the past; - not
to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past; Using the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the past is a good way to show cause and effect ; If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or "since Friday", many English speakers choose to use the Past Continuous - there is also a difference in meaning.

Have Has + been + ___ing

? inv. - not

PERFECT CONTINUOUS For five minutes, for two weeks, since Tuesday, for last hour, for last week, lately, recently

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain noncontinuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. To express the idea of Present Perfect Continuous with these exception verbs, you must use Present Perfect.