GCSE CHEMISTRY QUESTIONSHEET 1

(a)

ENERGETICS ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

butane is easier to light charcoal is less expensive/is easier to store (i) random arrangement of molecules, quite close together able to move freely in body of liquid widely spaced random arrangement able to move freely in whole container evaporation (i)
H H C H H C H H C H H C H H

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(b)

(ii)

(c) (d)

e.c

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(ii) (e)

separate molecules with low attraction energy needed to start reaction called activation energy

ctiv

1 1 1

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TOTAL 12

(a)

(i) (ii)

to allow gases to pass through as a conductor

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QUESTIONSHEET 2

1 1 1 2

(b) (c)

produce electricity directly from fuel 2H2 + O2 2H2O (one for formulae, one for balancing) do not run down as quickly produce water for use by astronauts solar cell

(d)

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1 1 1

(e)

TOTAL 8

GCSE CHEMISTRY

ENERGETICS ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 3
(a) (i) (ii) (b) (i) burns quicker/more completely heat transferred to water more efficiently 6H2O + 6CO2 31 200 100/2 = 1 560 000 J or 1560 kJ 1 1 1 1 1 1

(ii)

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solution

TOTAL 6

(a)

(i)
energy

crystals time

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ctiv

e.c

QUESTIONSHEET 4

1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

energy taken in from surroundings (ii)

(b)

(i) (ii)

2Al + Fe2O3 Al2O3 + 2Fe match supplies activation energy the reaction supplies it after that

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breaking bonds in ammonium nitrate takes in energy making bonds between ions and water molecules gives out energy former exceeds the latter

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TOTAL 10

QUESTIONSHEET 5
(a)

treacle pudding contains carbohydrate for energy sumo wrestler needs protein for muscle sugar is a simple carbohydrate may cause obesity

1 1 1 1

(b)

TOTAL 4

GCSE CHEMISTRY QUESTIONSHEET 6

(a)

ENERGETICS ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

Bond breaking = 436 + 151 = 587 Bond making = 2 298 = 596 Difference = -9 kJ Exothermic H2 +I2 energy

1 1 1 1

(b) (c)

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2HI

QUESTIONSHEET 7
(a) Heat energy = 4.2 15 20 = 1260 J = 1.26 kJ Moles =
10 0.1 = 0.001 1000

ctiv

e.c

TOTAL 7

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TOTAL 7

= 1 10-3 (c) (d)

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) 1000 (a) = 1260 kJ

QUESTIONSHEET 8
(a) (i)

Br-Br + H-H/193 + 436 = 629 2 H-Br/2 366 = 732

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(b)

1 1 1 1 1 1

(ii)

(iii)

overall energy change = energy in energy out/ 629 732 = -103 (+ 103 scores 1 mark.) exothermic/ energy given out/ energy supplied to surroundings (give follow through mark) b

(b)

(c)

1 TOTAL 8

GCSE CHEMISTRY

ENERGETICS ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 9
(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) to find out how much fuel was used to ensure an even temperature the temperature of the water the volume of water distance of burner from beaker 12oC/g propanol propanol is bigger molecule contains more carbon 1 1 1 1 1 1

(b)

(i) (ii)

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1 1 1

e.c ctiv

TOTAL 9

QUESTIONSHEET 10
(a)

bubbling/ fizzing/ slight movement of calcium clouding of water (i) energy produced = 4.2 5 50 =1050 J (or 1.050 kJ) Exothermic

1 1 1 1 1 2

(b)

(ii) (c)

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Ca(s) + 2H2O(1) Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) Ignore state symbols

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QUESTIONSHEET 11
(a) (i) (ii) (b) (i) open

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TOTAL 7

1 1

more oxygen mixes with the methane hydrogen carbon

(ii)

carbon dioxide water the minimum energy for a reaction to happen lowers the activation energy

(c)

(i)

2 1

(ii)

TOTAL 9

GCSE CHEMISTRY QUESTIONSHEET 12

(a) (i)

ENERGETICS ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

exothermic heat is given out/ temperature rises 17oC paraffin to make the test fair/ so the results are comparable oxygen

2 1 1 1 1

(ii) (iii) (iv) (b) (c)

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causes global warming/ greenhouse effect polar ice caps melt causing flooding carbon monoxide

2 1 TOTAL 9

(d)

QUESTIONSHEET 13
(a) ethanol smallest temperature rises

ctiv

e.c

(b)

to make the test fair different amounts of water require different amounts of heat to raise temperature by 1oC

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1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TOTAL 7

(c)

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100 4.2 39 = 16380 J for 1.0 g for 2.0 g: 16380 2 = 32760 J (=32.76 kJ)

GCSE CHEMISTRY

ENERGETICS ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 14

energy

reactants

activation energy

products

(b) (c) (i)

activation energy labelled

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(a)

reactants and products labelled

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(ii)

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32 g O2 reacts with 48 g Mg 8 g O2 reacts with 12 g Mg 8 g O2 occupies 6 dm3

e.c

formula mass of MgO = 24 + 16 = 40 40 g MgO produced from 24 g Mg 100 g MgO produced from (24 100)/ 40 = 60 g Mg

TOTAL 8

QUESTIONSHEET 15
(a) (i) (ii) exothermic

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they are being used up faster than they can be replaced so they will eventually run out

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(iii)

wood/ paper/ peat/ biogas/ charcoal any two C-H O=O C=O H-O

(b)

(i)

(ii)

2 bonds formed = C=O + 4 H-O energy out = (2 803) + (4 464) 1 1 1 1

(iii)

bonds broken =4 C-H + 2 O=O energy in = (4 435) = (2 497) energy change = 2734 3462 energy change = -728 kJ correct answers score 4 marks

TOTAL 13

GCSE CHEMISTRY

ENERGETICS ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 16
(a) (b) (i) the reading would increase substance which speeds up/ increases the rate of a chemical reaction is chemically unchanged/ remains the same reading goes up to the same point as before reading goes up quicker 1

(ii)

2 TOTAL 5

QUESTIONSHEET 17
(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (b) (c) (i) (ii) (iii) thermometer 57 19 = 38 any temperature at least 5 degrees above 38 exothermic

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e.c

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

any combustion, any displacement etc can be used to supply energy

can be used to cool injuries etc.

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ctiv

TOTAL 7

(a)

Two from state of health, age, type of job 325 + 1430 + 660 + 200 = 2615 J (i) man would be fatter farmer more muscular

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QUESTIONSHEET 18

2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TOTAL 9

(b)

(c)

(ii) (iii)

he does not take in enough energy eat less take exercise

GCSE CHEMISTRY

ENERGETICS ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 19
(a) larger surface area of coal oxygen/air can mix with it more easily less coal for amount of air/oxygen mixes better to burn more easily oxygen needed for combustion air only contains 20% oxygen carbon dioxide carbon monoxide 2

(b)

(c)

(d)

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TOTAL 8

QUESTIONSHEET 20
(a)

ctiv

Three from lights easily, easy to store, safe to store, continues to burn, no pollution (i) heat same mass of water with each fuel measure temperature rise weigh burners before and after experiment to calculate amount of fuel used

e.c

3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(b)

(ii) (iii) (c)

coal does not light and continue to burn as easily

we dont know how much fuel was used

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difficult to measure amount of gas used

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TOTAL 10