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Tutorial 2
Test tubes containing three different reagents with either A, B or Rh antibodies. The antibodies attach to antigens on the patient's red blood cells if they match.
http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/bloodtypinggame/2.html
http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/bloodtypinggame/2.html
No agglutination in test tube A, indicates that the patient's red blood cells do not have A antigens. Agglutination in the tube containing B antibodies indicates that the patients' red blood cells have got B antigens, thus belongs to blood group B.
No agglutination indicates that the patient's red blood cells don't have Rh antigens, thus the blood is Rh-.
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Test yourself!
Can you determine the blood type?
Agglutination in all three test tubes indicates that all three antigens are present in the blood: A, B and Rh. Accordingly, the blood type is AB Rh+.
http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/bloodtypinggame/2.html
Agglutination in the test tubes containg A antibodies and B antibodies. Accordingly, the blood type is AB Rh-.
Agglutination in the test tube with Rh antibodies indicates that the blood has got Rh antigens but no A nor B antigens. The blood type is O Rh+.
http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/bloodtypinggame/2.html
Disclaimer: The fact that people with Rh- blood do not naturally have Rh antibodies in the blood plasma (as one can have A or B antibodies, for instance) is not taken into consideration in this game. In reality a person with Rh- blood can develop Rh antibodies in the blood plasma if he or she receives blood from a person with Rh+ blood. The received blood cells with Rh antigens can trigger the production of Rh antibodies in an individual with Rh- blood. In the game one has to pretend that all patients with Rh- blood type has received Rh+ blood in previous blood transfusions. Also, the antibodies are here referred to as A antibodies, B antibodies and Rh antibodies. These are also commonly referred to as anti A antibodies, anti B antibodies, and anti Rh antibodies.
http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/bloodtypinggame/2.html