DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

PRACTICAL FILE
SUBMITTED BY: PAWAN SEHGAL ROLL NUM: 02116412810 ECE (6TH SEMESTER)

INDEX
1) 2) 3) 4) Impulse Response Of An Lti System Linear Convolution Of Two Sequences Circular Convolution Of Two Sequences Dft Of An Input Sequence

1) IMPULSE RESPONSE OF AN LTI SYSTEM

clc; clear all; N=input('Enter the required length of impulse response N = '); n=0:N-1; b=input('Enter the co-efficients of x(n), b = '); a=input('Enter the co=efficients of y(n), a = '); x=[1,zeros(1,N-1)]; y=filter(b,a,x); stem(n,y); xlabel('time'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('IMPULSE RESPONSE'); grid on;

OUTPUT:
Enter the required length of impulse response N = 40 Enter the co-efficients of x(n), b = [0.8 -0.44 0.36 0.02] Enter the co=efficients of y(n), a = [1 0.7 -0.45 -0.6]

2) LINEAR CONVOLUTION OF TWO SEQUENCES

clc; clear all; x = input('Enter the sequence x(n) = '); subplot(3,1,1); stem(x); xlabel('time'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('INPUT SEQUENCE'); grid on; h = input('Enter the sequence h(n) = '); subplot(3,1,2); stem(h); xlabel('time'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('IMPULSE RESPONCE SEQUENCE'); grid on; lenx = length(x); lenh = length(h); for n = 1:lenx + lenh

y(n) = 0; for k = 1:lenx if n>k && n-k <= lenh y(n) = y(n) + x(k)*h(n-k); end end end

%lenx + lenh -1 is not used because the limit of k starts from 1 and not from 0

disp('The linear convolution sequence is = '); y subplot(3,1,3); stem(y); xlabel('time'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('CONVOLUTION SEQUENCE'); grid on;

OUTPUT:
Enter the sequence x(n) = [2 4 12 4 5] Enter the sequence h(n) = [6 9 11 4 6] The linear convolution sequence is = 0 12 42 130 184 226 161 143 44 30

3) CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION OF TWO SEQUENCES

clc; clear all; x = input('Enter the sequence x(n) = '); subplot(3,1,1); stem(x); xlabel('time'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('INPUT SEQUENCE'); grid on; h = input('Enter the sequence h(n) = '); subplot(3,1,2); stem(h); xlabel('time'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('IMPULSE RESPONCE SEQUENCE'); grid on; n1=length(x); n2=length(h); N=max(n1,n2); x=[x,zeros(1,N-n1)]; h=[h,zeros(1,N-n2)]; for n=0:N-1; y(n+1)=0; for k=0:N-1; j= mod(n-k,N); y(n+1)=y(n+1)+x(k+1)*h(j+1); end end disp('The circular convolution sequence is = '); y subplot(3,1,3); stem(y); xlabel('time'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION SEQUENCE'); grid on;

OUTPUT:
Enter the sequence x(n) = [1 23 4 5] Enter the sequence h(n) = [8 5 12 9] The circular convolution sequence is = 288 285 204 345

4) DFT OF AN INPUT SEQUENCE

clc; clear all; x = input('Enter the sequence x(n) = '); subplot(3,1,1); stem(x); xlabel('time'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('INPUT SEQUENCE'); grid on; y1 = fft(x); disp('The dft sequence is = '); y1 subplot(3,1,2); stem(y1); xlabel('frequency(w)'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('DFT SEQUENCE'); grid on; y2 = fft(x,4); disp('The 4-point dft sequence is = '); y2 subplot(3,1,3); stem(y2); xlabel('frequency(w)'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('4-POINT DFT SEQUENCE'); grid on;

OUTPUT:
Enter the sequence x(n) = [1 2 3 4 ] The dft sequence is = y1 = 10.0000

-2.0000 + 2.0000i -2.0000

-2.0000 - 2.0000i

The 4-point dft sequence is = y2 = 10.0000

-2.0000 + 2.0000i -2.0000

-2.0000 - 2.0000i

5) BUTTERWORTH LOW PASS FILTER

clc; clear all; close all; rp=input('enter the passband attenuation:'); rs=input('enter the stop band attenuation:'); wp=input('enter the pass band frequency:'); ws=input('enter the stop band frequency:'); [N,wn]=buttord(wp/pi,ws/pi,rp,rs); [b,a]=butter(N,wn); freqz(b,a); fprintf('the normalized cutoff frequency is = %f.',wn); fprintf('\nthe order of filter is = %f.',N);

OUTPUT:
enter the pass band attenuation:0.4 enter the stop band attenuation:30 enter the pass band frequency:0.2*pi enter the stop band frequency:0.4*pi the normalized cutoff frequency is = 0.246943. the order of filter is = 6.000000.

6) BUTTERWORTH HIGH PASS FILTER

clc; clear all; close all; rp=input ('Enter the pass band attenuation:'); rs=input ('Enter the stop band attenuation:'); wp=input ('Enter the pass band frequency:'); ws=input ('Enter the stop band frequency:'); [N,wn]=buttord(wp/pi,ws/pi,rp,rs); [b,a]=butter(N,wn,'high'); freqz(b,a); fprintf('the normalized cutoff frequency is = %f.',wn); fprintf('\nthe order of filter is = %f.',N);

OUTPUT:
Enter the pass band attenuation:0.4 Enter the stop band attenuation:30 Enter the pass band frequency:0.4*pi Enter the stop band frequency:0.2*pi the normalized cutoff frequency is = 0.333524. the order of filter is = 6.000000.

7) BUTTERWORTH BANDPASS FILTER

clc; clear all; close all; rp=input('enter the passband attenuation:'); rs=input('enter the stop band attenuation:'); wp=input('enter the pass band frequency:'); ws=input('enter the stop band frequency:'); [N,wn]=buttord(wp/pi,ws/pi,rp,rs); [b,a]=butter(N,wn); freqz(b,a); fprintf('the normalized cutoff frequency is = %f.',wn); fprintf('\nthe order of filter is = %f.',N);

OUTPUT:
enter the passband attenuation:0.4 enter the stop band attenuation:30 enter the pass band frequency:[0.2*pi,0.6*pi] enter the stop band frequency:[0.1*pi,0.7*pi] the normalized cutoff frequency is = 0.181939. the normalized cutoff frequency is = 0.629932. the order of filter is = 10.000000.

8) BUTTERWORTH BAND STOP FILTER

clc; clear all; close all; rp=input('enter the passband attenuation:'); rs=input('enter the stop band attenuation:'); wp=input('enter the pass band frequency:'); ws=input('enter the stop band frequency:'); [N,wn]=buttord(wp/pi,ws/pi,rp,rs); [b,a]=butter(N,wn); freqz(b,a); fprintf('the normalized cutoff frequency is = %f.',wn); fprintf('\nthe order of filter is = %f.',N);

OUTPUT:
enter the passband attenuation:0.4 enter the stop band attenuation:30 enter the pass band frequency:[0.1*pi,0.7*pi] enter the stop band frequency:[0.2*pi,0.6*pi] the normalized cutoff frequency is = 0.159976. the normalized cutoff frequency is = 0.668229. the order of filter is = 10.000000.