CHAPTER 5 Energy and Chemical Changes

CHAPTER 5 : ENERGY AND CHEMICAL CHANGES 1 Changes that occur in matter are classified as: Perubahan yang berlaku dalam jirim dapat dikelaskan kepada a) Physical changes b) chemical changes What is meant by physical change? Apakah pengertian perubahan fizik? Physical change is a change that alters the appearance of a material but not convert the material into new substances, colour remains same but shape can be changed

Example of physical change: Contoh perubahan fizik a) Melting of ice b) Evaporation of water

c) d)

Boiling of water Extraction of salt from sea water

What is meant by chemical change? Apakah pengertian perubahan kimia? Chemical changes is a change in matter that forms one or more new substances.

Example of physical change: Contoh perubahan kimia a) Burning of paper b) Rusting of iron

c) d)

Heating of iron and sulphur Digestion of food

Exercise: Identify whether the following are physical or chemical changes Kenal pasti sama ada peruban berikut perubahan fizik atau perubahan kimia. i) Burning of petrol c Pembakaran petrol ii) Cooking rice p Memasak nasi iii) Frying fish c Menggoreng ikan iv) Crushing onions p Menghancurkan bawang v) Rusting of iron gate c Pengaratan pagar besi Heat change in Chemical reaction Perubahan Haba dalam Tindak Balas Kimia When a chemical reaction occurs, heat energy is absorbed or released Apabila tindak balas kimia berlaku, tenaga haba ______________atau______________ Heat energy is absorbed to break the bond in a compound. Tenaga haba ____________ untuk memutuskan ikatan dalam sebatian. Heat energy is released when the bond is formed. 1 abadi@rj2012

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CHAPTER 5 Energy and Chemical Changes

Tenaga haba ____________ apabila ikatan terbentuk. Chemical reactions can be classified into two types: Tindak balas kimia dapat dikelaskan kepada dua jenis: a) Exothermic reaction b) endothermic reaction 10 Comparison between physical and chemical changes Perbandingan antara perubahan fizik dan perubahan kimia. 9 Physical changes Perubahan fizik Similarities Persamaan Chemical changes Perubahan kimia

No Same

Normally yes Small

Differences Perbezaan Formation of new substance Pembentukan bahan baru Properties and composition of reactants and products Sifat dan komposisi bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas Reversible change Perubahan berbalik Energy change Perubahan tenaga Mass of reactants and products Jisim bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas

Yes Different

Normally no Big

Same

Different

11 Exothermic reaction Definition Defiinisi Reactant Bahan tindak balas Energy content Kandungan tenaga

Reaction in which heat energy is released to the surroundings When this reaction occurs, the reactant will lose heat to the surrounding

The total energy content of the product is less that the total energy contents of the reactants

Energy level diagram

Energy Reactant Product

Surrounding temperature Suhu keliling Contents in container Kandungan dalam bekas abadi@rj2012

The surrounding temperature is raised.

The container become hot 2

CHAPTER 5 Energy and Chemical Changes

Endothermic reaction Definition Defiinisi

Reaction in which heat energy is absorbed to the surroundings

Reactant Bahan tindak balas

When this reaction occurs, the reactant will gain heat to the surrounding

Energy content Kandungan tenaga

The total energy content of the product ismore that the total energy contents of the reactants

Energy level diagram

Energy Product

Reactant

Surrounding temperature Suhu keliling Contents in container Kandungan dalam bekas

The surrounding temperature is lowered

The container become cool

12 Identify the diagram either exothermic or endothermic reaction Kenal pasti rajah berikut sama ada tindak balas eksotermik atau tindak balas endotermik

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CHAPTER 5 Energy and Chemical Changes

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