Application Examples (U.K.

)
Example Problem No. 11
Dynamic analysis (Response Spectrum) is performed for a steel structure. Results of a static
and dynamic analysis are combined. The combined results are then used for steel design.

Actual input is shown in bold lettering followed by explanation.

STAAD PLANE RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS

Every input has to start with the word STAAD. The word PLANE signifies that the
structure is a plane frame structure and the geometry is defined through X and Y axes.

UNIT METER KNS

Specifies the unit to be used.

JOINT COORDINATES
1 0.0 0.0 0.0 ; 2 6.0 0.0 0.0
3 0.0 3.0 0.0 ; 4 6.0 3.0 0.0
5 0.0 6.0 0.0 ; 6 6.0 6.0 0.0

Joint number followed by X, Y and Z coordinates are provided above. Since this is a plane
structure, the Z coordinates are all the same, in this case, zeros. Semicolon signs (;) are
used as line separators to allow for input of multiple sets of data on one line.

MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 3 ; 2 2 4 ; 3 3 5 ; 4 4 6
5 3 4 ; 6 5 6

Defines the members by the joints they are connected to.

MEMBER PROPERTIES BRITISH

1 TO 4 TA ST UC254X254X73
5 TA ST UB305X165X54
6 TA ST UB203X133X30

Properties for all members are assigned from the British s teel table. The word ST stands for
standard single section.

SUPPORTS
1 2 FIXED

Fixed supports are specified at joints 1 and 2.

UNIT MMS
CONSTANTS
E 210.0 ALL
POISSON STEEL ALL
DEN 76.977E-09 ALL

Material constants such as E (modulus of elasticity), Poissons ratio and DENsity are
specified above. Length unit is changed from METER to MMS to facilitate the input.

CUT OFF MODE SHAPE 2

The number of mode shapes to be considered in dynamic analysis is set to 2. Without the
above command, this will be set to the default which can be found in section 5 of the
Technical Reference Manual.

* LOAD 1 WILL BE STATIC LOAD

UNIT METER
LOAD 1 DEAD AND LIVE LOADS

Load case 1 is initiated followed by a title. Prior to this, the length unit is changed to
METER for specifying distributed member loads. A line starting with an asterisk (*) mark
indicates a comment line.

SELFWEIGHT Y -1.0

The above command indicates that the selfweight of the structure acting i n the global Y
direction is part of this load case. The factor of -1.0 is meant to indicate that the load acts
opposite to the positive direction of global Y, hence downwards.

MEMBER LOADS
5 CON GY -25.0 1.8
5 CON GY -37.5 3.0
5 CON GY -25.0 4.2
5 6 UNI Y -22.5

Load 1 contains member loads also. GY indicates that the load is in the global Y direction
while Y indicates local Y direction. The word UNI stands for uniformly distributed load
while CON stands for concentrated load. GY is followed by the value of the lo ad and the
distance at which it is applied.

* NEXT LOAD WILL BE RESPONSE SPECTRUM LOAD

* WITH MASSES PROVIDED IN TERMS OF LOAD.
LOAD 2 SEISMIC LOADING

The two lines which begin with the asterisk are comment lines which tell us the purpose of
the next load case. Load case 2 is then initiated along with an optional title. This will be a
dynamic load case. Permanent masses will be provided in the form of loads. These masses
(in terms of loads) will be considered for the eigensolution. Internally, the prog ram converts
these loads to masses, hence it is best to specify them as absolute values (without a negative
sign). Also, the direction (X, Y, Z etc.) of the loads will correspond to the dynamic degrees
of freedom in which the masses are capable of vibratin g. In a PLANE frame, only X and Y
directions need to be considered. In a SPACE frame, masses (loads) should be provided in
all three (X, Y and Z) directions if they are active along all three. The user has the freedom
to restrict one or more directions.

SELFWEIGHT X 1.0
SELFWEIGHT Y 1.0

The above commands indicate that the selfweight of the structure acting in the global X and
Y directions with a factor of 1.0 is taken into consideration for the mass matrix.

MEMBER LOADS
5 CON GX 25.0 1.8
5 CON GY 25.0 1.8
5 CON GX 37.5 3.0
5 CON GY 37.5 3.0
5 CON GX 25.0 4.2

5 CON GY 25.0 4.2

The mass matrix will also consist of terms derived from the above member loads. GX and
GY indicate that the load, and hence the resulting mass, is capab le of vibration along the
global X and Y directions. The word CON stands for concentrated load. Concentrated forces
of 25, 37.5, and 25 kNs are located at 1.8m, 3.0m and 4.2m from the start of member 5.

SPECTRUM CQC X 1.0 ACC DAMP 0.05 SCALE 9.806

0.03 1.00 ; 0.05 1.35
0.1 1.95 ; 0.2 2.80
0.5 2.80 ; 1.0 1.60

The above SPECTRUM command specifies that the modal responses be combined using the
CQC method (alternatives being the SRSS method, ABS method, etc.). The spectrum effect
is in the global X direction with a factor of 1.0. Since this spectrum is in terms of
ACCeleration (the other possibility being displacement), the spectrum data is given as
period vs. acceleration. Damping ratio of 0.05 (5%) and a scale factor of 9.806 are used.
The scale factor is the quantity by which spectral accelerations (and spectral displacements)
must be multiplied by before they are used in the calculations. The values of periods and the
corresponding accelerations are given in the last 3 lines.
LOAD COMBINATION 3
1 0.75 2 0.75
LOAD COMBINATION 4
1 0.75 2 -0.75

In a response spectrum analysis, the sign of the forces cannot be determined, and hence are
absolute numbers. Consequently, to account for the fact that the force could be positive or
negative, it is necessary to create 2 load combination cases. That is what is being done
above. Load combination case no. 3 consists of the sum of the static load case (1) with the
positive direction of the dynamic load case (2). Load combination case no. 4 consis ts of the

sum of the static load case (1) with the negative direction of the dynamic load case (2). In
both cases, the result is factored by 0.75.

PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT MODE SHAPES

This command instructs the program to proceed with the analysis. The P RINT command
instructs the program to print mode shape values.

PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS

Displacements, reactions and member forces are recorded in the output file using the above
command.

LOAD LIST 1 3 4
PARAMETER
CODE BRITISH
SELECT ALL

A steel design in the form of a member selection is performed based on the rules of the
British code. Only the member forces resulting from load cases 1, 3 and 4 will be
considered for these calculations.

FINISH

This command terminates the STAAD run.

****************************************************
*

STAAD.Pro

Version

Proprietary Program of

Research Engineers,

Date=

Time=

Bld

Intl.

USER ID:

****************************************************

1. STAAD PLANE RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS

2. UNIT METER KNS
3. JOINT COORDINATES
4. 1

0.0

0.0

0.0

6.0

0.0

0.0

5. 3

0.0

3.0

0.0

6.0

3.0

0.0

6. 5

0.0

6.0

0.0

6.0

6.0

0.0

7. MEMBER INCIDENCES
8. 1

9. 5

10. MEMBER PROPERTIES BRITISH

11. 1 TO 4 TA ST UC254X254X73
12. 5 TA ST UB305X165X54
13. 6 TA ST UB203X133X30
14. SUPPORTS
15. 1

FIXED

16. UNIT MMS

17. CONSTANTS
18. E 210.0 ALL
19. POISSON STEEL ALL
20. DEN 76.977E-09 ALL
21. CUT OFF MODE SHAPE 2
22. * LOAD 1 WILL BE STATIC LOAD
23. UNIT METER
24. LOAD 1 DEAD AND LIVE LOADS
25. SELFWEIGHT Y -1.0
26. MEMBER LOADS
27. 5

CON

GY

-25.0

1.8

28. 5

CON

GY

-37.5

3.0

29. 5

CON

GY

-25.0

4.2

30. 5

UNI

-22.5

31. * NEXT LOAD WILL BE RESPONSE SPECTRUM LOAD

32. * WITH MASSES PROVIDED IN TERMS OF LOAD.
33. LOAD 2 SEISMIC LOADING
34. SELFWEIGHT X 1.0
35. SELFWEIGHT Y 1.0
36. MEMBER LOADS
37. 5

CON

GX

25.0

1.8

38. 5

CON

GY

25.0

1.8

39. 5

CON

GX

37.5

3.0

40. 5

CON

GY

37.5

3.0

41. 5

CON

GX

25.0

4.2

42. 5

CON

GY

25.0

4.2

43. SPECTRUM CQC X 1.0 ACC DAMP 0.05 SCALE 9.806

44. 0.03
45. 0.1

1.00
1.95

;
;

0.05
0.2

1.35
2.80

46. 0.5

2.80

1.0

47. LOAD COMBINATION

48. 1

0.75

0.75

0.75

49. LOAD COMBINATION

50. 1

1.60

-0.75

51. PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT MODE SHAPES

P R O B L E M

S T A T I S T I C S

-----------------------------------

NUMBER OF JOINTS/MEMBER+ELEMENTS/SUPPORTS =
ORIGINAL/FINAL BAND-WIDTH=

2/

TOTAL PRIMARY LOAD CASES =

2/

12.0/

9 DOF

1 DOUBLE

NUMBER OF MODES REQUESTED

12

KILO-WORDS

38897.1 MB

NUMBER OF EXISTING MASSES IN THE MODEL =

NUMBER OF MODES THAT WILL BE USED

MODE

6/

2, TOTAL DEGREES OF FREEDOM =

SIZE OF STIFFNESS MATRIX =

REQRD/AVAIL. DISK SPACE

6/

CALCULATED FREQUENCIES FOR LOAD CASE

FREQUENCY(CYCLES/SEC)

PERIOD(SEC)

ACCURACY

5.179

0.19308

2.209E-10

19.437

0.05145

6.482E-08

The following Frequencies are estimates that were calculated. These are for
information only and will not be used. Remaining values are either above
the cut off mode/freq values or are of low accuracy. To use these
frequencies, rerun with a higher cutoff mode (or mode + freq) value.
CALCULATED FREQUENCIES FOR LOAD CASE

MODE

FREQUENCY(CYCLES/SEC)

PERIOD(SEC)

ACCURACY

50.784

0.01969

2.891E-10

57.172

0.01749

3.977E-10

MODE SHAPES
-----------

JOINT

MODE

X-TRANS

Y-TRANS

Z-TRANS

X-ROTAN

Y-ROTAN

Z-ROTAN

0.00000

0.00000

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.00000

0.00000

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.58328

0.00218

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00 -3.863E-03

0.58328

-0.00218

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00 -3.863E-03

1.00000

0.00251

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00 -2.797E-03

1.00000

-0.00251

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00 -2.797E-03

MODE SHAPES
-----------

JOINT

MODE

X-TRANS

Y-TRANS

Z-TRANS

X-ROTAN

Y-ROTAN

Z-ROTAN

0.00000

0.00000

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.00000

0.00000

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

0.000E+00

-0.07067

0.00282

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00 -2.798E-03

-0.07067

-0.00282

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00 -2.798E-03

1.00000

0.00400

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00 -9.742E-03

1.00000

-0.00400

0.00000

0.000E+00

0.000E+00 -9.742E-03

RESPONSE LOAD CASE

CQC

MODAL COMBINATION METHOD USED.

DYNAMIC WEIGHT X Y Z
MISSING WEIGHT X Y Z
MODAL WEIGHT X Y Z

9.889183E+01

9.889183E+01

0.000000E+00 KNS

-3.077453E-04 -9.889183E+01

0.000000E+00 KNS

9.889152E+01

6.308759E-36

0.000000E+00 KNS

MODE

ACCELERATION-G

DAMPING

----

--------------

-------

2.74097

0.05000

1.36730

0.05000

PARTICIPATION FACTORS

MASS

PARTICIPATION FACTORS IN PERCENT

--------------------------------------

MODE

SUMM-X

SUMM-Y

SUMM-Z

BASE SHEAR IN KNS

------------------

98.20

0.00

0.00

98.197

0.000

0.000

266.17

0.00

0.00

1.80

0.00

0.00

100.000

0.000

0.000

2.44

0.00

0.00

--------------------------TOTAL SRSS

SHEAR

266.18

0.00

0.00

TOTAL 10PCT SHEAR

266.18

0.00

0.00

TOTAL ABS

SHEAR

268.61

0.00

0.00

TOTAL CQC

SHEAR

266.18

0.00

0.00

52. PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS

JOINT DISPLACEMENT (CM

RADIANS)

STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE

------------------

JOINT

LOAD

X-TRANS

Y-TRANS

Z-TRANS

X-ROTAN

Y-ROTAN

Z-ROTAN

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

-0.0042

-0.0283

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

-0.0017

2.4239

0.0091

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0063

1.8148

-0.0144

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0035

-1.8210

-0.0280

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

-0.0060

0.0042

-0.0283

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0017

2.4239

0.0091

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0063

1.8210

-0.0144

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0060

-1.8148

-0.0280

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

-0.0035

0.0163

-0.0390

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

-0.0017

4.1560

0.0104

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0046

3.1292

-0.0214

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0022

-3.1048

-0.0371

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

-0.0047

-0.0163

-0.0390

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0017

4.1560

0.0104

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0046

3.1048

-0.0214

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0047

-3.1292

-0.0371

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

-0.0022

SUPPORT REACTIONS -UNIT KNS

METE

STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE

-----------------

JOINT

LOAD

FORCE-X

FORCE-Y

FORCE-Z

MOM-X

MOM-Y

MOM Z

23.48

185.52

0.00

0.00

0.00

-21.57

133.09

59.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

250.11

117.43

183.39

0.00

0.00

0.00

171.40

-82.21

94.89

0.00

0.00

0.00

-203.76

-23.48

185.52

0.00

0.00

0.00

21.57

133.09

59.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

250.11

82.21

183.39

0.00

0.00

0.00

203.76

-117.43

94.89

0.00

0.00

0.00

-171.40

MEMBER END FORCES

STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE

----------------ALL UNITS ARE -- KNS

MEMBER

LOAD

METE

JT

AXIAL

SHEAR-Y

SHEAR-Z

TORSION

MOM-Y

MOM-Z

185.52

-23.48

0.00

0.00

0.00

-21.57

-183.37

23.48

0.00

0.00

0.00

-48.85

59.00

133.09

0.00

0.00

0.00

250.11

59.00

133.09

0.00

0.00

0.00

149.17

183.39

82.21

0.00

0.00

0.00

171.40

-93.28

117.43

0.00

0.00

0.00

75.24

94.89

-117.43

0.00

0.00

0.00

-203.76

-181.78

-82.21

0.00

0.00

0.00

-148.52

185.52

23.48

0.00

0.00

0.00

21.57

-183.37

-23.48

0.00

0.00

0.00

48.85

59.00

133.09

0.00

0.00

0.00

250.11

59.00

133.09

0.00

0.00

0.00

149.17

183.39

117.43

0.00

0.00

0.00

203.76

-93.28

82.21

0.00

0.00

0.00

148.52

94.89

-82.21

0.00

0.00

0.00

-171.40

-181.78

-117.43

0.00

0.00

0.00

-75.24

70.53

-43.63

0.00

0.00

0.00

-65.87

-68.38

43.63

0.00

0.00

0.00

-65.03

9.07

8.95

0.00

0.00

0.00

3.88

9.07

8.95

0.00

0.00

0.00

27.13

59.70

-26.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

-46.49

-44.49

39.44

0.00

0.00

0.00

-28.42

46.10

-39.44

0.00

0.00

0.00

-52.32

-58.09

26.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

-69.12

70.53

43.63

0.00

0.00

0.00

65.87

-68.38

-43.63

0.00

0.00

0.00

65.03

9.07

8.95

0.00

0.00

0.00

3.88

9.07

8.95

0.00

0.00

0.00

27.13

59.70

39.44

0.00

0.00

0.00

52.32

-44.49

-26.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

69.12

46.10

26.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

46.49

-58.09

-39.44

0.00

0.00

0.00

28.42

-20.16

112.84

0.00

0.00

0.00

114.73

20.16

112.84

0.00

0.00

0.00

-114.73

0.00

49.47

0.00

0.00

0.00

148.41

0.00

49.47

0.00

0.00

0.00

148.41

-15.12

121.73

0.00

0.00

0.00

197.35

15.12

121.73

0.00

0.00

0.00

25.26

-15.12

47.53

0.00

0.00

0.00

-25.26

15.12

47.53

0.00

0.00

0.00

-197.35

43.63

68.38

0.00

0.00

0.00

65.03

-43.63

68.38

0.00

0.00

0.00

-65.03

0.00

9.04

0.00

0.00

0.00

27.13

0.00

9.04

0.00

0.00

0.00

27.13

32.73

58.07

0.00

0.00

0.00

69.12

-32.73

58.07

0.00

0.00

0.00

-28.42

32.73

44.50

0.00

0.00

0.00

28.42

-32.73

44.50

0.00

0.00

0.00

-69.12

************** END OF LATEST ANALYSIS RESULT **************

53. LOAD LIST

54. PARAMETER
55. CODE BRITISH
56. SELECT ALL

STAAD.Pro MEMBER SELECTION - (BSI )

**************************

ALL UNITS ARE - KNS

METE (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED)

MEMBER

TABLE

RESULT/
FX

CRITICAL COND/

RATIO/

LOADING/

MY

MZ

LOCATION

=======================================================================

1 ST UC254X254X73

PASS

181.78 C
2 ST UC254X254X73

PASS

183.39 C
3 ST UC203X203X46

PASS
46.10 C

4 ST UC203X203X46

PASS
59.70 C

5 ST UB457X191X82

PASS
15.12 T

6 ST UB356X171X45

PASS
32.73 C

ANNEX I.1
0.00
ANNEX I.1
0.00
BS-4.3.6
0.00
BS-4.3.6
0.00
BS-4.3.6
0.00
ANNEX I.1
0.00

0.767

203.76

0.767

203.76

0.551

69.12
0.551
69.12

0.00
3
0.00

0.898

197.35

0.00

0.979

69.12

************** END OF TABULATED RESULT OF DESIGN **************

57. FINISH

****************************************************************************
**WARNING** SOME MEMBER SIZES HAVE CHANGED SINCE LAST ANALYSIS.
IN THE POST PROCESSOR, MEMBER QUERIES WILL USE THE LAST
ANALYSIS FORCES WITH THE UPDATED MEMBER SIZES.
TO CORRECT THIS INCONSISTENCY, PLEASE DO ONE MORE ANALYSIS.

FROM THE UPPER MENU, PRESS RESULTS, UPDATE PROPERTIES, THEN

FILE SAVE; THEN ANALYZE AGAIN WITHOUT THE GROUP OR SELECT
COMMANDS.
****************************************************************************

*********** END OF THE STAAD.Pro RUN ***********

**** DATE=

TIME=

****

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*
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For questions on STAAD.Pro, please contact

Research Engineers Offices at the following locations

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