GS IP Democracy and Russian Military Israeli Civil Military relations No comprise, threat is existential, and fight can never

be on home land Dilemma: military as an example for society vs reflection of society -----------Russia... How did they evolve post Stalin, st Krushchev, ...to set springboard for what happened? - traditional role of military: treated ambivalently by leaders; the ignorant peasants; officer corps greatly separated from unwashed masses of enlisted corps; loyalty through family and then Party membership; *defend mother Russia - playing field, not actor: military never would take charge...it was competition between external parties for control (family or political)... - KGB is different...not the army...they were frontier forces; they would, unlike military, seize power - relatively predictable amount of defense spending -- included a consistent percentage increase over the course of Cold War -- potentially reinforced loyalty (happiness) -- able to continuously point at existential threat Incredible demise of massive military...how is this explainable? - corruption... - not capable military,..by 1980s, already coming apart - diseases (from Afghanistan) and social destruction - institutional decay from economic failure; - officer corps singularly affected by downturn...change to lifestyle...but could not trust to mobilize enlisted corps, particularly against civilian population Post Cold War - officers go from communists to politicians...what does that do for military professionalism? - super Presidentism...disagreement in strategy and doctrine, Proper role of military in any society? - better question...what is role of society to the military as a subordinate actor designed to serve that society? Accountability - not just institutional but interpersonal and personal - Professionalism is not just what I do...it's also what I don't do; competency in a particular field...stay in your lane; Militaries of US brought into being by proto-Constitution as servants of the state..."if it were not for the US, there would be no US military." Russian military brought into being prior to the State..."if it weren't for us, there would be no Russia." PLA brought into being by Mao...not the Chinese Army (they're gone...defeated)

If the military is the only guarantor of the constitution/state, then you would expect them to step in...in a democracy, the people are the force for state survival in midst of internal chaos; the military serves to protect the people's ability to have these rights Super-presidentialism: pg 84 lack of accountability between executive and legislative elements of government--fragmented institution requires individual/group with consolidated power; other examples: Argentina