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Learn Korean Ep. 20: And

There are a few different ways to say and, depending on how youre using it whether youre connecting nouns (a dog and a cat), connecting verbs (I ate lunch and ate dinner), or starting a sentence (And today I met him.). English uses the same and, but Korean uses a separate form for each of these cases.

1. Connecting Nouns: / (polite), (normal), () (casual)

There are three options here when connecting nouns, but dont worry. If youre learning for your first time, just learn the polite form (/). Polite: / Use after a consonant, or after a vowel. This form isnt strongly polite or formal. Its only polite when compared to the other two. . I bought apples and oranges. . Please give me some salt and pepper. means salt, and means (black) pepper. can be used after a noun, and means Please give me some~. Normal: This form isnt polite or informal, so use it anywhere youd like. ? Between cats and dogs, what do you like more? is a shortened form of . is an adverb that means more. . I ate rice and kimchi.

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Casual: () This form isnt rude like other casual forms of speech, but its not used in polite situations. Feel free to use this form when speaking to friends. Use after a consonant, and after a vowel. . Give me this and that. . I got a notebook computer and a cell phone as a present. means notebook computer, and means cell phone (lit. hand phone).

2. Connecting Verbs: verb stem +

Take the verb stem and add . The verb stem can be in any tense youd like (e.g. past tense, future tense, present tense). . Today I have to eat and do the dishes. () means to do the dishes. . I did all of my homework, and now Im going to play. means to go play.

3. Starting Sentences:
When starting a sentence with and, just use , and thats all. . And I am handsome.

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Conclusion
Make sure to learn all three of these forms, especially the first two. Connecting nouns and verbs is one of the most common things that youll do when speaking Korean. And remember to practice, practice, and practice!

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