Management is one of the important occupations in modern industrial societies. It is recognized as a science and art and regarded as a profession.

Its role in achieving objectives of an organization is unique. Management as a process involves planning, organizing, leading and controlling. It begins with setting goals and ends with achieving results. Concept Management is defined by different writers differently. American society of Mechanical Engineers (1921) defined Management is the art and science of preparing organising and directing human effort, to control the forces and utilize the materials of nature for the benefit of man. Lawrence A. Appley opined: Management is the development of people and not the direction of things. Management is personnel administration. EFL Breeh described: Management is social process entailing responsibility for the effective planning and regulation of the operations of an enterprise. The definition by Harold Koontz, Cyril ODonnell and Heinz Weihrich appears to be comprehensive. Management is essentially performance environment design.. It is the art of getting things done through done through and with people in formally organized groups. It is the art of creating or designing and maintenance of an environment where individuals working together in groups can perform effectively and efficiently towards the attainment of group goals. Nature The nature of management can be explained by the following characteristics Management is an Art - Management is a practice. Management is a science- Science is know-why Management is a profession- Management is a profession Management is a continuous process: Management is Universal - Management has universal applications Significance Indispensible for group effort Productive organ of enterprise A socio-economic organ of society Lead group in society

Integrator of global society

KEY RESULT AREAS OF MANAGERS Areas Market standing Innovation Productivity Profitability Public responsibility Physical resources and Objectives Level of market share, product mix, New product and services, New process development Contributed value Return on investment, earnings per share, risk levels. Service to community groups, social loss and benefits financial Assets, depreciation, turnover and competencies of competencies and

Managers performance and Motivation,, Performance development managers Workers attitude performance and Morale, job satisfaction, performance of workers

KEY TASKS OF MANAGER o Managing business /organization o Managing managers, and o Managing workers and work. o Managing external stake holders Managing organization Management of future Managing environment Strategy management Resources management Integrate organization as a true whole- The Managing managers Managing workers and work Tasks Managing goals and values Develop creative workforce Managing external stake holders Creating right spirit Stakeholders

Managing workers and work Develop creative workforce Creating right spirit Managing external stake holders Expectations Tasks Making organization productive and profitable. Understanding and implementing legislations

Stakeholders

Share holders and Good return on investment investors Government Customers Competitors Community Law abiding citizen

Right products and services Managing technology and processes to create right products Fair practices Service to the people Compete with ethical principles Discharging social responsibilities