Rational Functional Tester

TRAINING
<Title of the Presentation>
Automation Testing & IBM -

RFT
Vijay Chowthri N
vijayc@ibsplc.com
vijaychowthri@gmail.com
icargo – Automation Testing Team
December 16, IBS Software Services Pvt LtdCopyright © IBS Software Services. 1
TRAINING
Agenda
Understanding Automation Testing
Web Automation
Road map to Success
RFT – Training (Session 1 to 4)
December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

TRAINING
Automation
Testing
What's Automation Testing ?
Test automation is the use of software to control the execution of tests (Test
Case).
Commonly, test automation involves automating a manual process already in

place that uses a formalized testing process.
Why -> Reduce the impact on the bottom line (Regression

? Testing)
-> Increase the flexibility of time and resource , to avoid redundancy on
execution.
-> Accuracy & Fast
When -> Frequency Of regression testing on demand.

? -> Frequency of build
-> Mission critical business
-> To avoid Human errors
-> To check Load Capacity of the application.
-> GUI Frozen

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Is it Expensive ?
Yes of course ! Its expensive and time consuming effort at initial stage.
Automation Testing - Capabilities and Areas

1) Functionality testing
2) Regression Testing
3) Performance Testing
3.a) Stress Test
3.b) Load Test
3.c) Volume Test

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Are you thinking of 100% Automation ?
-> Impossible ..Stop Dreaming…….
-> Certainly you have areas like performance testing, regression testing, load/stress testing where you
can have chance of reaching near to 100% automation.
-> Areas like User interface, documentation, installation, compatibility and recovery where testing must
be done manually.
Will your automation suite be having long lifetime?
-> Every automation script suite should have enough life time that its building cost should be definitely
less than that of manual execution cost.
-> Approximately your automation suite should be used or run at least 20 to 30 times for separate builds
(General assumption. depends on specific application complexity) to have good ROI.
Is Tool Selection more Important ?
-> Be sure to have skilled staff before deciding to automate your testing work.
-> Make sure that tool is a best fit to your requirements
-> Find out the limitations of the tool that is best match with your requirements

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Web Automation
Why web app is different ? (web based commercial system B-C, B-B & C-C)
-> Catering to large number of end user
-> People with varying background & technical skills may use the application.
-> Network thread (Security , Connection speed (Broad band , dial-up etc.. ))
-> Numerous application usage
-> Browser issue (IE ,Mozilla fire-fox etc.., )
-> ADA (American with disability act) (The Application may need to be tested for compliance and
usability)
-> Money & Time Zone Factor (Standards)
Hence a lot of effort needs to put in for Test Planning and Test Design

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Road Map to
success – The
Eight Rule’s
Rule 1: Get familiar with Business
Rule 2: Get familiar with Tool
Rule 3: Have at least one real programmer in your team
Rule 4: Set some standards
* Naming standards
* Coding standards
* Environment standards
* Procedure for error and defect tracking system
* Documentation
Rule 5: Figure out what you are testing and keep simple

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Rule 6: Start with small mile stone
Rule 7: Modularize and build reusability into your scripts
Rule 8: Document Everything

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Automation Plan
Manual testing
Patch -1 Patch -2 Int.Build

Main Release
Hot Fix Hot Fix Hot Fix
Repeatable Scenario
Start Automation Auto . Pack
Scripting
New customization scenario

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Automation Frame
Work iCargo
Automation Tool
Data Set
Script (n)
Log
Action
Object Repository
Re-Usable Error handling

Action Checks / Verification
and
Functions Data Handling function
Report function
Application

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Training
Rational Functional Tester
Session – 1 (beginner)
Vijay Chowthri N
icargo – Automation Testing
Team
TRAINING
Agenda ( Session – 1 )
Introduction to Rational functional Tester
Features
Advantages
Risks and Best Practices
Create Rational Test Project
Configure Test Application
Start Script Recording
Capture Data Pool Fields

Capture Verification Points
Playback Test Script and View Log
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System Requirements
Processor : Pentium- 4 , 1.4 + GHz

RAM : Min 500 MB Recommended 1GB
OS : Win 2x, XP.
Hard Disk Space : 500MB

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Introduction
Object-oriented automated testing tool that tests

Java, HTML, VB.NET, and Windows applications.
Available in two integrated development

environments and two scripting languages Java and
VB.NET
Perform full functional testing. Record and play

back scripts that navigate through the application
and test the state of objects through verification
points.
Create and edit simple and easy-to-read, object-

oriented test scripts.
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Introduction
In addition to automatically recording test scripts,

Functional Test contains wizards for generating code, for
example, for automatically creating a verification point.
The object-oriented recording technology in Functional

Tester lets you generate scripts quickly by recording
applications against the application-under-test. Functional
Tester uses object-oriented technology to identify objects by
their internal object properties, not by screen coordinates. If
the location or text of an object changes, Functional Tester
can still find it on playback.
Back
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Features
Functional Object Map:

Since the test object map contains recognition
properties for each object, we can easily update the
recognition information in one central location. Any
scripts that use this test object map also share the
updated information.
Verification points:
The verification point captures object information
(based on the type of verification point) and stores it in a
baseline data file. The information will be the baseline of
the expected state of the object during subsequent
builds.
Platform Independence:
Functional Test features platform-independent and browser-
independent test playback.
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Features
Data-Driven Tests:
Data-driven testing uses data from an external file,a
data pool, as input to a test. A data pool is a collection of
related data records that supplies data values to the
variables in a test script during test script playback.
Call Script:
While recording or editing a Functional Test script,
we can insert a call to a previously recorded script. This
lets us to avoid repeatedly recording similar actions on
the application-under-test by taking advantage of scripts
that already exist.
Wait For Existence:
Use to set a wait state for an object during playback
to check for its existence.
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Features
Break Point:
A breakpoint causes the execution of a program
thread to suspend at the location where the breakpoint is
set. When a breakpoint is enabled, it will cause a thread
to suspend whenever the breakpoint is reached
Integration with Test Manager:

Functional Test is integrated with Rational Test
Manager, which enables us to record and play back a
Functional Test script from Test Manager.
Script Assure Technology:

Frequently changes applications UI can break tests,
Which embody assumptions about how to identify the
interface objects during playback Avoid increases in
maintenance overhead.
Back
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Advantages
Reduction of time – Data correlation
Reduction of Human Involvement / Errors
More Accurate
Less Maintenance
More Reliable
Reusable
Back
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Risks
Re-work on the recorded script happens if the
application under test is not stable.
The Testers must be well trained on the tool,

Business Knowledge to ensure effective Scripting
and testing.
RFT will take huge amount of system memory when
play back the scripts.
LOV selection is more complicate one.
Some basic script and OOPS knowledge needed to

ensure effective and optimised Scripting. (at least
one developer support Required)
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Best Practices For Basic Scripting
While recording avoid TAB positions, instead click

on the specific object, AVOID KEY BOARD.
Even though there is a default curser position, click

on the object explicitly
Avoid Clicking on the Calendar components, instead

type the values manually
Before Starting recording, Click on the initial

window from where the recoding needs to be
started
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Best Practices For Basic Scripting
Maintain the dedicated Application Server and DB.
If possible, communicate with developers for

component changes that had happened in the new
release so that it would be easier to trace those
position in the recorded scripts
Test Design, common objects map, common data

pool and component based scripting improve the
script quality.
Record the mandatory Fields only.
Back
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Create Rational Test Project
Select FILE-> NEW -> Rational Test Project from Main

Menu.
Enter the Project name and Select the Project

Location.
Click on the Finish button
Back
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Select Configure -> Configure Application for

Testing
Click on the “Add” button to configure another

Application
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Select Kind of Application as HTML then “Next”

button
Enter the URL of the Application http://n7043:7043/

icargo
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Click on the “Finish” Button
Back
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Select File -> New -> Functional Test Script Using

Recorder
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Select the Project in which the Script to be
recorded
Specify the Script name and Click on the “Next”
button
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Specify the Test Object Map, Helper Super Class

and Test Data pool
Specify the Data pool record selection order then

click on the “Finish” button
System will display a recording window
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Start application by clicking on the Button indicated

in the window displayed
Select the Application which has to be recorded
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Record the Application Functionalities as required
Click on the Stop button once recording has been

completed
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Back
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Capture Data Driven Commands
Select the script in which the Data Driven

commands to be inserted
Select Script-> Insert Data Driven Commands
Make sure the Application should be running for

capturing Data driven commands
Press and Drag the Hand icon to select the Test

objects from the “Insert Data Driven Actions” pop
up displayed
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Select the objects from Application for which Data

Driven commands required
Captured details of the selected objects will be

displayed in the “Insert Data Driven Actions” pop
up screen
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Click on the “Ok” button if the Data capture
Completed
Back
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Select the script in which the Verification Points to

be inserted
Select Script-> Insert Verification points
Make sure the Application should be running for

capturing Verification Points
Press and Drag the Hand icon to select the Test

objects from the “Verification Point and Action
Wizard” pop up displayed
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Select the objects from Application on which

Verification Point required
Select the action to perform against the selected

object, then click “Next” button
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Enter the Data Value, Verification Point Name, Max
Retry Time and Retry interval, then click on the
“Next” button.
N
ext
Check for the properties of the object to include in

the verification point, then click on the “Finish”
button.
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Back
TRAINING
Playback Test script and View Log
Select the Script which has to be played.

Select Script-> Run from the main menu.
Specify the Log name , then Click on the “Next”
button
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Specify the Run Arguments and Data pool Iteration

Count.
Click on the “Finish” button.
Play Back status pop up screen will be displayed.

This screen will be closed automatically after
completing all the actions specified in the Script
currently playing
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Rational Functional Tester will display the Log file

automatically once after completion of the script
running,if defaulted in the settings.
Script passed or failed information will be available

in the Log file.
Verification point Result can be verified from the

Log displayed
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&
Q U E S T I O N S
A N S W E R S
TRAINING
Rational Functional
Tester
Session - 2
TRAINING
Agenda ( Session
-2)
Understanding Test
Objects
Understanding Test
Datapool
Test Objects Capture
TRAINING
Understanding Test Objects
A Test Object in represents a connection point between the

script that is playing back and the Software Under Test (SUT).
There is a corresponding object that exists in the SUT for the Test
Object that exists in the RFT script.
In the normal course of action statements are recorded and

objects are added to the Object Map.
The Object Map contains information that the script can then
use to construct and find a Test Object When something like
Button().click() is recorded the Button() method finds an object
based on mapped properties and then “binds” the Test Object to
an object in the SUT.
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Understanding Test Objects
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Private Test
Objects
Test
Objects
Common /
Shared Test
Objects
Private Test object Associate with single scripts.
Shared single object map associated with multiple Scripts,

( advisable implementation)
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Create Common Test Objects
Add New Test object map, by using left click of mouse, (or)
Select
From Menu File >> New >> Test Object Map
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Sharing The Test Objects with Scripts
Add New Script, by using left click of mouse, (or) Select

From Menu File >> New >> Empty Functional Test Script
>>>Click Next
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Sharing The Test Objects with
Scripts
>> Browse the test object map and assign the Shared Test
Object with this script.
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>> Create new script (Script2) share the Test object Map
>> Extend the Script1 class in Script2 & start use the Script1
object / Scripts
Example ::
public class Script2 extends Script1

{
/**
* Script Name : <b>Script2</b>
* Generated : <b>Sep 24, 2008 2:27:11 PM</b>
* Description : Functional Test Script
* Original Host : WinNT Version 5.1 Build 2600 (S)
*
* @since 2008/09/24
* @author a-2778
*/
public void testMain(Object[] args)
{
text_username().click();
}
}
TRAINING
Understanding Test Datapool
A datapool is a test dataset, a collection of related data records

which supplies data values to the variables in a test script during
test script playback.
Datapools use to supply realist data and to stress an application

with a realistic amount of data.
Datapool
Feature To add realistic data to a test script
To import / Export data from a Functional Tester datapool, an IBM®

Rational® Test Manager datapool, or a .csv file created using a
spreadsheet application.
To create a datapool manually and add data to a datapool
To edit datapool values or change data types
To change the datapool record selection order to

determine how the test script accesses an associated
datapool during playback.
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Private Test
Datapool
Test Datapool
Common / Shared
Test Datapool
Private Test Datapool data's usable with in the single

scripts.
Shared Test Datapool data's can be shared with multiple

Scripts.
TRAINING
Create Common Test Datapool
Add New Test Datapool, by using left click of mouse, (or)

Select
From Menu File >> New >> Test Test Datapool
we can create Table Name (variable name) and add
multiple Record. (Left click on the Datapool to access this
option)
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Access Shared Datapool in the
Script
Associate Scripts with data pool
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Insert New Object (Another
Method)
Create a new Script
Double Click on the Private / Shared Test Object in the

Script Explorer
Click the Test Object Button

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>> Drag the hand button and

select the object and click
Finish Button.
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>> Click Save

>> Click Add to Script button ( to add the object in to
scripts )
>> Close the Window
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Rational Functional
Tester
Session – 3
(Moderate)
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Agenda (Session -
3)
Data base Connectivity

(Oracle)
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Effective database testing with IBM Rational

Functional Tester
Automated database testing is faster and more reliable the traditional GUI-
based test automation.
Resource
Competence
Familiar with the basic SQL
commands
Hands of experience / Exposure in Manual DB
Testing
Have an interest in automating some of that
testing
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What Can be Test ?
• The types of database activity (insert, delete, update) that will be invoked
• When these transactions will occur within the application-under-test
• The calculations or processing rules used by the application
• Any time-critical transactions, functions, conditions, and possible causes of poor
performance
• Data fields to ensure proper data types

• For proper spacing and length
• Data formats that may not be enforced by a data type
• For duplicate data
• Reference data to ensure that the data you are expecting is there
• Data migration Test Phase
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DB Configuration in
RFT
>> Select “Properties” in the RFT Main

Menu
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>> In the Properties pop-up window select “Java Build path”

>> Select “Libraries” Tab
>> Click “Add External Jar” Button
>> Select the Oracle client / server JDBC connectivity Jar file <oracle9204 \\ jdbc
\\ lib>
>> Click “OK” Button
TRAINING
Driver Connectivity Class

Once the Driver Configuration Over , Create connectivity Class.
public class oraconnection {
public static Object connection;
public Connection connect() throws SQLException
Connection connection;
Driver driver = new oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver();
DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS_LIST

=(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n7355.IBSPLC.COM)(PORT = 1521)))(CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER =
DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = ICTST)))", "USERNAME", "PASSWORD");
connection.setAutoCommit(true);
return connection;
}
public ResultSet query(String string) {
return null;
TRAINING
Example
The sample script explains insert new user Details in the
DB , By using the connection class.
oraconnection connection = null;
ResultSet results;
try
{
connection = new oraconnection();
logInfo("Connected");
results = connection.query("Select * from SHRAGTMST where AGTCOD LIKE 'A1001'");
}
catch (SQLException e)
{
logInfo("Connection Failed");
connection.close();
TRAINING
Rational Functional
Tester
Advanced Scripting Approach
Demo Session - 4
TRAINING
Agenda (Session -
4)
Best Practices
Architecture & Naming

conversion
Solution For Ambiguous Recognition
Usage of Swing in
RFT
Table value selection &
verification
Multiple Object Recognition with reference of single object or
table properties.
Exception
handling
DB Migration Testing Approach (In
iCargo)
Manual & Dynamic Verification Point
Test Object handling & Optimization
Technique
TRAINING
Automation Approach
Well Defined Testing Goal / business Scenario

improve the Test Automation
Development plan / Resource Plan / Common

understandable Naming conversion
* At least one developer should be in the
team
Manual Practice mandatory before scripting, this

help us to segregate the component level scripting
activity , improve re-usability of script and
optimized scripting approach.
TRAINING
RFT Architecture Approach in iCargo
Supporting Scripts
Logical / Non-screen Common Data

related Scripts pool
Menu
Module Level
Screen Level
Component Level
Class
Common
Test Suit (integrated Scripts
scenario)
Common Test
Objects
TRAINING
Solution For Ambiguous
Recognition

{
sleep(2);
ITestObjectMethodState testobjmethodstate = null;
RootTestObject roottestobj = getRootTestObject();
TestObject[]
testobj=roottestobj.find(atList(atDescendant(".class","Html.HtmlBrowser")));
int noofbrowsers=testobj.length;
int[] intarr=new int[100];
for(int b=0;b<noofbrowsers;b++)
{
intarr[b]=b;
}
for(int b=0;b<noofbrowsers;b++)
browser_htmlBrowser(testobj[b],DEFAULT_FLAGS).close();
System.out.println("No.of Closed IE"+testobj.length);
sleep(2);
TRAINING
Swings In RFT
We are using swings for some exception handling at run, time
Adequate dataset up in the absence of base data in new DB in

runtime
Supporting for data migration

test
TRAINING
{
JFrame frame =new JFrame();
Object[] billingperiod = {"Weekly", "Monthly", "Bi-Monthly"};
//Pop-up input data
String billperiod = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog(frame,"Select The Billing Period ",
"Customized Dialog",JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE,null,billingperiod,"Weekly");
// Add Connection class here
try
{
//Insert into SHRAGTSETCUR
// ADD Table Insert Scripts here....
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
TRAINING
Object – New approach
Object can be identify with out recording , by understanding the

object property

{
RootTestObject roottestobj=getRootTestObject();
TestObject[]
usrname=roottestobj.find(atList(atDescendant(".class","Html.INPUT.text",".na
me","username")));
System.out.println(usrname.length);
for(int i=0;i<usrname.length;i++)
{
System.out.println(usrname[i].getProperties());
// Identify through object map
text_username(usrname[i]),LOADING).setText(“Vijay”);
//Identify through object property ,never required object capture or
recording...
usrname[i].setProperty(".value", "AKLARL");
}
}
TRAINING
Identify Specific Value from Table / enable check box at

appropriate values

{
ITestDataTable breakdownTable = (ITestDataTable)table_stationAllotment().getTestData("contents");
int r=breakdownTable.getRowCount();
int c=breakdownTable.getColumnCount();
int clickRow = 0;
int clickCol = 0;
for(int row = 0;row < r; row++){
for(int col = 0;col < c; col++){
if(breakdownTable.getCell(row,col)!= null){
if(breakdownTable.getCell(row,col).toString().trim().equalsIgnoreCase((valueof.said1).trim()))
{
clickRow = row;
clickCol = col;
break;
}
}
}
}
table_stationAllotment().click(atCell(atRow(atIndex(clickRow)),
atColumn(atIndex(clickCol))));
}
}
TRAINING
External File Read and Write
Class
public class rw {
String retrICAR;
File currDir = new File("fsrw-read&wrirefiles");
String filepath = currDir.getAbsolutePath().trim();
//Function for writing to the file,
public void writeF(String newICAR,String fname) {
FileWriter fw;
try {
fw = new FileWriter(filepath+"\\"+fname);
fw.write(newICAR);
fw.close();
}
catch (IOException e){
}
}
// function for Reading from the file.
public String readF(String fname) {
try {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filepath+"\\"+fname));
retrICAR = br.readLine();
System.out.println(retrICAR);
br.close();
}
catch (IOException e1){
}
return retrICAR;
}
}
TRAINING
External File Read and Write Class Usage in the
script

{
FSRW.rw a=new FSRW.rw();
//Write in to text file
a.writeF("Myname", "name.txt");
//Read From text file
String NameID= a.readF("name.txt").trim();
String NameID1=
a.readF("name.txt").substring(0,3).trim();
}
TRAINING
Simple Exception handling for Expected run time
application error Message !

{
boolean NewAWB;
boolean errormsg;
boolean othrmsg;
NewAWB = html_msgDataSpn().exists();
errormsg = image_errorMessage().exists();
while ( ! NewAWB || errormsg )
{
if (!errormsg)
{
System.out.println("AWB already Captured");
button_clearbutton(ANY,LOADING).click();
}
else if (errormsg)
{
System.out.println("Found Error message");
image_errorMessage().click();
button_clearbutton(ANY,LOADING).click();
}
}
System.out.println("New AWB");
button_yesbutton().click();
}
}
TRAINING
&
Q U E S T I O N S
A N S W E R S
TRAINING
Thank You

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TRAINING

<Title of the Presentation>

Automation Testing & IBM -

icargo – Automation Testing Team

Road map to Success

RFT – Training (Session 1 to 4)

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

Commonly, test automation involves automating a manual process already in

Why -> Reduce the impact on the bottom line (Regression

When -> Frequency Of regression testing on demand.

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

Automation Testing - Capabilities and Areas

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

-> Impossible ..Stop Dreaming…….

Will your automation suite be having long lifetime?

Is Tool Selection more Important ?

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

-> Catering to large number of end user

-> Numerous application usage

-> Browser issue (IE ,Mozilla fire-fox etc.., )

-> Money & Time Zone Factor (Standards)

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

Rule 2: Get familiar with Tool

Rule 3: Have at least one real programmer in your team

Rule 4: Set some standards

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

Rule 6: Start with small mile stone

Rule 7: Modularize and build reusability into your scripts

Rule 8: Document Everything

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

Patch -1 Patch -2 Int.Build

New customization scenario

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

Re-Usable Error handling

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

Introduction to Rational functional Tester

Risks and Best Practices

Create Rational Test Project

Configure Test Application

Start Script Recording

Capture Data Pool Fields

Processor : Pentium- 4 , 1.4 + GHz

December 16, Copyright © IBS Software Services. All Rights Reserved

Object-oriented automated testing tool that tests

Available in two integrated development

Perform full functional testing. Record and play

Create and edit simple and easy-to-read, object-

In addition to automatically recording test scripts,

The object-oriented recording technology in Functional

Functional Object Map:

Integration with Test Manager:

Script Assure Technology:

Reduction of time – Data correlation

Reduction of Human Involvement / Errors

The Testers must be well trained on the tool,

LOV selection is more complicate one.

Some basic script and OOPS knowledge needed to

While recording avoid TAB positions, instead click

Even though there is a default curser position, click

Avoid Clicking on the Calendar components, instead

Before Starting recording, Click on the initial