ATM Signaling

Raj Jain Professor of Computer and Information Science The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210 Jain@CIS.Ohio-State.Edu These slides are available at: http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~jain/cis777-99/
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Overview
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Call Endpoints: Address Formats Call setup/release Traffic Contract: Bandwidth, Quality of Service Signaling Mechanisms: Message formats

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Meta-Signaling
Used to setup signaling channels q All meta-signaling messages are one cell long and have VPI/VCI = 0/1 q Sets up 3 types of signaling channels: m Point-to-point m General broadcast m Selective broadcast q Procedures to: m Set up new signaling channels m Release channels m Verify channels The Ohio State University
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ATM Addresses
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ATM Forum specifies three NSAP-like address formats: DCC ATM Format, ICD ATM Format, E.164 ATM Format. NSAP = Network Service Access Point
Network supplied 39 47 Data Country Code (2B) End System Not Used Supplied in Routing High-Order End System Selector DSP (10B) ID (6B) (1B)

International Code High-Order End System Selector Designator (2B) DSP (10B) ID (6B) (1B)

High-Order End System Selector 45 E.164 Number (8 B) DSP (4B) ID (6B) (1B) AFI Initial Domain Id
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Domain Specific Part (DSP)

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Addressing
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Authority and Format Identifier (AFI) 39 = ISO DCC, 47 = British Standards Institute ICD, 45 = ITU ISDN Initial Domain Identifier (IDI). Domain Specific Part (DSP) ISDN uses E.164 numbers (up to 15 BCD digits) ATM forum extended E.164 addresses to NSAP format. E.164 number is filled with leading zeros to make 15 digits. A F16 is padded to make 8 bytes. AFI and DSP are added.
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Addressing (Cont)
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End System Identifier (ESI): 48-bit IEEE MAC address. Selector is for use inside the host and is not used for routing. All ATM addresses are 20 bytes long. ATM forum removed the division of DSP into areas, etc. Private networks must support all three formats Type of Number field = Unknown Numbering Plan Indication field = ISO NSAP
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Addressing (Cont)
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Public networks must support native E.164 and may optionally support three NSAP-encoded formats. For E.164: Type of Number field = International number Numbering Plan Indication field = Recommendation E.164 If only native E.164 addresses, subaddress field in signaling messages used to convey private ATM address across. One Transit network selection possible using carrier identification code field.
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NSAP is a Misnomer!
NSAP = Network Service Access Point. Identifies network layer service entry q SNPA = Subnetwork point of attachment. Identifies the interface to subnetwork q SNPA address (or part of it) is used to carry the packet across the network. NSAP q CLNP uses NSAP to deliver the Network packet to the right entity in the host. Datalink q ATM uses NSAP-like encoding Physical SNPA but ATM addresses identify SNPA and not NSAP. The Ohio State University Raj Jain
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Address Registration
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User and switch register addresses using Interim Local Management Interface (ILMI) = Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) User Switch ColdStart Trap Initialize GetNext Request What is your address? GetNext Response My address is AA-... Set Request Use prefix +1 614-... Response Sure. Will do.
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Similar activities can occur in the reverse direction.

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Connection Types
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Permanent and Switched Point to point m Symmetric or asymmetric bandwidth (Uni- or bidirectional) Point-to-multipoint: Data flow in one direction only. Data replicated by network. m Leaf Initiated Join (LIJ) or non-LIJ

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Connection Setup
Setup Setup

Setup Call Proceeding Connect Accept Connect Ack Release Release Complete

Call Proceeding Call Proceeding Connect Connect Ack

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Connect Connect Ack

Reject
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Connection Release
Release Release complete Or Release Release Release complete
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Release Release Release complete Release complete Release Release complete

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Release complete

Connection Release (cont)

Release Release complete Connection Terminated Release Release complete

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Multipoint Setup
1 1 1. Connect to the first party Setup Setup Setup Call Proceeding Call Proceeding Connect Connect Connect Ack Connect Ack
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Call Proceeding Connect Connect Ack

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Multipoint Setup (Cont)

1 1 2. Add the next party. The party accepts. Add Party Add Party Setup Call Proceeding Add Party Ack Add Party Ack
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Connect Connect Ack

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Multipoint Setup (Cont)

1 1 3. Add the next party. The party Rejects. Add Party Add Party Setup Call Proceeding Add Party Reject Add Party Reject Release Release Complete
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2 2

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Message Format: Q.2931

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Protocol Discriminator 0000 Lenof Call Ref Flag Call Reference Value Message Type Message (Content) Length Other Information Elements
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Message Format
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Protocol Discriminator (1 Byte) = Distinguishes Q.2931 messages from other messages 08 = Q.931 09 = Q.2931 Call reference (4 bytes) : Identifies call to which this message is related to. One user may have many calls simultaneously. m Flag = 1 Message is from call reference originator m Flag = 0 Message is to call reference originator Message Type (2 Bytes): Many types, e.g., connect, call proceeding, setup, release, etc. Message Length (2 Bytes): Length of contents
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Sample Message Types

Bits 876 Bits 54321 000 00010 00111 01111 00101 01101 010 01101 11010 011 10101 11101 111
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Type Call establishment messages Call proceeding Connect Connect Ack Setup Setup Ack Call Clearing Messages Release Release complete Information Status Inquiry Status Reserved for extension
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Information Element Formats

8 7 6 5 4 3 Information Element Identifier 1 Coding Ext Standard

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IE Instruction Field Flag Res IE Action Ind

Length of contents of IE

3-4

Contents of IE

5+

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Sample Information Elements

Bits 87654321 01110000 01110001 01111000 01101100 01101101 01011000 01011001 01011010 01011100 01000010 01011110
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Information Element Called party number Called party subaddress Transit network selection Calling party number Calling party subaddress AAL parameter ATM Traffic Descriptor Connection Identifier Quality of Service Parameter End-to-end transit delay Broadband bearer capability
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Bandwidth Contract
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User specifies 12 leaky bucket parameters

Forward CLP=0 Peak Cell Rate Sustainable Cell Rate Maximum Burst Size CLP=0+1 Peak Cell Rate Sustainable Cell Rate Maximum Burst Size Backward Peak Cell Rate Sustainable Cell Rate Maximum Burst Size Peak Cell Rate Sustainable Cell Rate Maximum Burst Size

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Protocol Stacks
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Signaling AAL (SAAL) m Service specific coordination function (SSCF): Provides interface to Q.2931 m Service specific connection-oriented protocol (SSCOP): Error and loss recovery m AAL Common Part (AAL CP): Error detection
Q.2931 SSCF Q.2130 SSCOP Q.2110 AAL CP I.363 TCP/IP AAL LMI, SNMP AAL SAAL

ATM I.361 SONET, DS1, E1, etc. I.432

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UNI 3.1 Features

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Align with Q.2931 Use new version of SSCOP

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UNI 4.0 Features

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Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint calls Leaf initiated join capability Notification of end-to-end connection completion ATM Anycast capability Multiple signaling channels Switched virtual path service Proxy signaling Frame discard capability ABR signaling for point-to-point calls Traffic parameter negotiation
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Summary

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NSAP address formats Call setup and release: Point-to-point, point-tomultipoint, Leaf-initiated join Q.2931 Message formats and information elements Traffic contracts
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Homework
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Read Chapter 8 of Sackett and Metz

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