Reading Comprehension 1 300 Soru

READING COMPREHENSION
READING COMPREHENSION TEST 1

Mr. Smith made a mistake when he gave his son Tom a camera, for soon Tom became so interested in photography that he began to neglect his school work. Soon, a large part of his conversation was about photographs. When the newspapers came, he examined the photographs first and said what was wrong with them before starting to read them. Gnl comes from a big city. During the holiday she went to spend a week on her uncles farm. It was her first visit there. Her uncle, who was very pleased to see his niece, did his best to make her stay an enjoyable one. On the farm she rode a horse, fed chickens, ran in the fields and ate fruit fresh from the trees. She enjoyed her holiday so much that, when the day for her to return to the city came, she was very sad to leave.
4. 1. Mr. Smith gave his son a camera ----. A) because he had started to work for a newspaper B) before he was particularly interested in photography C) as a reward for working well at school D) so that he would work harder at school E) lest he neglected his lessons
Gnls ----. A) B) C) D) E) holiday lasted for a week parents often sent her to the farm uncle left the farm and went to the city greatest pleasure was to ride a horse life on the farm was a very sad one
5. 2. Tom ----. A) read the news first and then examined the photographs B) always talked about his camera C) talked about photography more than anything else D) usually took beautiful pictures E) had his pictures published in the newspaper
Gnl ----. A) B) C) D) E) hated the animals on the farm visited her uncles farm once a week thought life on the farm was extremely hard thoroughly enjoyed her holiday on the farm worked for her uncle on the farm
6. 3. After he was given the camera, Tom ----. A) became one of the best students in his class B) only read about the pictures in the newspapers C) spent a lot of time on his homework D) began to give more importance to photography than to his lessons E) stopped reading the newspapers
Aadakilerden hangisi bu paraya en uygun balk olabilir? A) B) C) D) E) Horses and Chickens A Different Sort of Life Longing for the City An Uncle and His Spoiled Niece An Unpleasant Holiday
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John Fuller has really surprised us all. At school, he seemed such a boring and ordinary boy. As far as I can remember, he made no close friends. I dont think we actually disliked him, but we certainly ignored him. I would really like to meet him again now. Its clear from his wonderful films that he must be a most interesting man. James and I set off an hour before sunset, when it was getting cooler and the shadows were long. We took it in turns to row the little boat and moved slowly, rather lazily, about us for fish. We had no intention of catching any, but it was pleasant to watch them swim so close to us.
7.
The writer was surprised ----. A) that John Fuller was no longer interested in him B) when he met his old school friend John Fuller C) to see how John Fuller had changed over the years D) to learn that John Fuller had become rich by making films E) to find that at school John Fuller had always hated him
10. In the passage ----. A) we are told about the adventures of a couple fishing in a lake B) we see that the two friends are interested in catching a special kind of fish C) the writers intention is to describe the movements of fish in a lake D) the writer describes the pleasure of catching fish at dawn E) the writer expresses a feeling of contentment
8.
Aadakilerden hangisi bu paraya en uygun balk olabilir? A) B) C) D) E) An Unexpected Meeting No Longer Ordinary John Fullers Films My Best Friend John Fuller: A Failure in Life
11. The two friends ----. A) woke up early and went fishing B) got in their boat and rowed across the lake C) took the boat out to enjoy themselves rather than to catch fish D) were too lazy to row the boat together E) stayed out in their boat until it was dark
9.
The writer ----. A) B) C) D) E) was at school with John Fuller knew John Fuller would be a great man has always been jealous of John Fuller is now one of John Fullers close friends still believes that John Fuller has not changed at all
12. The writer and his friend enjoyed----. A) B) C) D) E) catching fish after it was dark fishing late in the afternoon on a cool day watching the setting of the sun on the lake observing the movements of fish around their boat rowing together when the sun was setting
When the Deakins decided to move from the outskirts of London to central London, they both thought they were doing the right thing. Mr. Deakin looked forward to less travelling and Mrs. Deakin to a much more interesting life and more friends. Before they had been there a month, however, they both started to miss their old house with its garden, and to wish they had never left it. Cut your coat to suit your cloth. is an old English proverb. Obviously, it is not really talking about coats but is telling us to be content with what we have got. It is a good proverb because so many people want what they cannot have, and this makes them discontented. Therefore, they dont enjoy the things they do have.
13. Soon after they had moved to central London, ----. A) they began to enjoy a more interesting life B) Mrs. Deakin made a lot of friends C) Mrs. Deakin gave up his job in the outskirt of the town D) they knew they had been right to make the move E) the Deakins realized that they had made mistake
16. This proverb ----. A) B) C) D) E) teaches the real meaning of happiness makes greed seem attractive wants people to be discontented is not very well known in England shows us the importance of money
14. Before they moved to central London, Mr. Deakin ----. A) was perfectly content with his life B) was afraid he would find the city dirty and noisy C) had wasted a lot of time travelling D) began to travel less and less E) thought he would miss his old house
17. People are happy ----. A) B) C) D) E) if they are rich unless they are badly dressed because the proverb tells them to be as long as they are satisfied with the things they have when they can learn from proverbs
15. Mrs. Deakins ----. A) soon regretted the move but her husband didnt B) has always lived in central London C) has had a more interesting life than her husband D) fully expected to enjoy living in central London E) has never lived in a house with a garden
18. The passage suggests that ----. A) everyone is equally happy B) a lot of people who should be happy are not C) happiness depends upon possessions D) proverbs are really useless E) one should work hard to earn more
James has always been a practical sort of person; he has worked hard but not been able to save much. Though he had sometimes dreamed of being rich, he had never really expected to be so. However, his dream came true when his uncle left him a fortune. Now that he has got so much money, he is going to do all the things he has always wanted to do. To start with, he is going to visit Japan. Dr. Maine advertised for someone to work as a receptionist at his dental clinic. He wanted someone who was cheerful and attractive and also willing to work on Saturdays. Several people applied for the job but, except for Jenny, none were suitable. Jenny, however, was just what he wanted.
19. James can go to Japan ----. A) B) C) D) E) since he is a rich man if he saves enough money provided he continues to work hard where his uncle is expecting him but he is not anxious to go just yet
22. Dr. Maine felt sure that ----. A) B) C) D) E) nobody would want to work on Saturdays Jenny would be a good dentist Jenny wouldnt agree to work for him Jenny was the right person for the job all of those who applied would be suitable
20. James ----. A) has often dreamed that he was living in Japan B) has earned enough money to go to Japan C) never wastes his money on holidays D) became rich after his uncles death E) has been lazy all his life
23. Dr. Maine ----. A) is obviously a very rich man B) doesnt get on well with people C) knew what sort of person he needed for his clinic D) works only on Saturday mornings E) is himself a cheerful and attractive person
21. The author carefully points out that ----. A) B) C) D) E) everyone ought to work hard one shouldnt travel without a lot of money practical people are never short of money James has become rich through hard work James has changed since he became rich
24. Aadakilerden hangisi bu paraya en uygun balk olabilir? A) B) C) D) E) Training to be a Dentist Dr. Maine and the Others The Right Receptionist Working Hours Advertisements
There was no other building in sight. The trees, which grew along the river, completely hid the two other houses that shared the valley. Looking from the kitchen window, Mary gave a long sigh of contentment. She knew she would be happy here; much happier than she had ever been in the city. By the end of her first day at work, Janet was terribly tired. She was also very happy, for she knew she had made a good beginning. Mr. Taylor was clearly very pleased with the way she had answered his telephone and looked after his visitors. He had also praised her typing. Tomorrow, she thought happily, it will be much easier.
25. The passage is not about ----. A) B) C) D) E) Marys happy life in the valley Mary and her new home the hardships of life in the city Marys escape from the city the peace and beauty of the valley
28. The passage describes ----. A) B) C) D) E) how Janet was given her job why Janet is not pleased with her work what kind of a man Mr. Taylor is Janets first day at work Janets plan for the future
26. Mary is quite sure that ----. A) the view from her kitchen is spoiled by the two other houses B) she will soon miss the life of the city C) her neighbours will dislike her D) new houses will be built along the river E) she will enjoy living in the valley
29. From the passage we understand that Janet ----. A) B) C) D) E) hates her new job is a secretary works as a nurse is married to a businessman is going to look for a new job
27. The valley Marry is looking at ----. A) B) C) D) E) is very near the city overlooks a river hasnt been lived in for a long time is a very pleasant one is completely deserted
30. Mr. Taylor ----. A) B) C) D) E) is fully satisfied with Janet has known Janet for a long time is a difficult man to work for is afraid Janet will leave him soon has not given Janet much work to do
Fifty years ago, when I was a child, photographs were not of general interest. Photographs were taken of people on special occasions, at weddings and on birthdays, for instance. These pictures were usually kept in a box and brought out at intervals to show the family. Nowadays, photography is regarded as an art, just as painting is. Many photographic exhibitions are held and there are many magazines dealing with the art of the photography. From the end of the corridor I could hear them arguing. Liz said that it was the best film she had seen on television for over a year. Dick said it was dreadful. He said the story was poor and the acting was terrible. Liz said he couldnt recognize a good film when he saw one. What film are you talking about? I asked as I came into the room. The film shown last Friday said Liz. The film shown last Thursday. said Dick. They looked at each other and we all laughed.
31. When the writer was young, ----. A) he was very interested in photography B) people didnt think of photography as an art C) he always took photographs on his birthday D) people used to go to photographic exhibitions E) he took a lot of family photographs
34. Liz and Dick were arguing about ----. A) a television film they had seen the previous week B) the film they had just watched C) whether they should watch the film that evening D) which film they should watch E) whether they had seen the film on Thursday or Friday
32. During recent years, ----. A) photography has become a popular form of art B) a lot of people have taken photographs of good paintings C) photography has stopped being an art D) photographic exhibitions are often advertised in magazines E) more and more people take photographs at weddings
35. Liz ----. A) B) C) D) E) hasnt watched a film for over year enjoyed the film she saw on Friday evening enjoyed the film even less than Dick said the story was very poor and I both enjoyed the film
33. The passage compares ----. A) public interest in painting today and fifty years ago B) photographic exhibitions and painting exhibitions C) wedding photographs and birthday photographs D) photography today and photography fifty years ago E) family photographs of today and fifty years ago
36. At the end of the passage, we understand that ----. A) Dick actually enjoyed the film very much B) there are never any good films on television C) Liz and Dick were talking about different films D) Liz and Dick dont like the same films E) Dick didnt want to agree with Liz
Most people do not realize how easy it is to grow trees from seeds. If you think about it, however, it is obvious. A few of our forests have been carefully planted with young trees; but most have grown naturally over the years. Growing trees from seeds gives great satisfaction, especially when you can point to a group of trees and say: I once held them in my hand. Mary is going to buy a birthday present for Tony. Tony is Marys brother and he is three years younger than she is. He will start school in September. Mary wants to buy something that he will use at school. She looked at school bags yesterday but they were all too expensive.
37. Growing trees from seeds ----. A) B) C) D) E) is a very popular hobby is not as easy as you might think can give you a lot of pleasure needs a lot of patience is not a satisfactory method
40. Tony ----. A) B) C) D) E) didnt like the present is three years old will buy Mary a present is Marys younger brother has a very expensive school-bag
41. Mary ----. 38. A lot of people ----. A) B) C) D) E) think it is difficult to grow trees from seeds have made great forests by planting trees collect seeds when they go for a walk plant small trees in their gardens helped to plant the trees A) B) C) D) E) wants a bag like Tonys bought Tonys birthday present yesterday is younger than her brother wants a school-bag for her birthday couldnt buy Tony a school-bag
39. I once held those trees in my hand. here means ----. A) those trees have grown naturally B) I have collected a lot of seeds from those trees C) I have grown those trees from seeds D) you can grow trees from seeds E) the best trees are all grown from seeds
42. The passage is about ----. A) Tonys first day at school B) the present Mary wants to buy for her little brother C) the school-bag Mary has bought for Tony D) the presents Tony hopes to get on his birthday E) Tony and the present he is buying for his sister
Bobby never keeps still. So, when his aunt saw him standing there and not moving at all, she knew something unusual was happening. She moved quietly towards him and also began to look where he seemed to be looking. Just then, in the tall grass near the fence, she saw a little bird that was too small to fly. It must have fallen out of its nest. When we arrived at the little hotel, the first thing we did was to see if it was clean. We were particularly interested in the kitchen, which was in the back of the building. There we saw large, open shelves filled with pots and plates. These were clean, but the floors were very dirty. We also noticed that the food was not kept covered, and there were a lot of flies about. So, we decided not to stay in that hotel.
43. When the aunt saw the little bird, ----. A) she understood why Bobby had kept so still B) she was very sad C) she wanted to put it back in the nest D) it was frightened of her E) Bobby refused to give to her
46. The kitchen ----. A) B) C) D) E) wasnt clean enough was in a separate building had a bad smell looked neat and tidy was dirty except for the floors
44. The little bird ----. A) B) C) D) E) hid behind the fence had been caught by Bobby tried to fly over the fence was too tired to return to its nest fascinated Bobby greatly
47. This hotel ----. A) B) C) D) E) is not properly taken care of attracts a lot of visitors serves excellent food has a most interesting kitchen was just the place we were looking for
45. Bobby ----. A) B) C) D) E) did a lot of things his aunt disliked was not very fond of his aunt called his aunt to look at the bird is usually a very active child knew where the nest was
48. When we saw the kitchen, ----. A) B) C) D) E) it had just been cleaned we were very pleased with the food everything seemed to be in order we were impressed by the variety of pots and pans we knew this wasnt the right place to stay at
It was a fine Sunday in April. David and his sister, who were going to the zoo, crossed the main road and joined the queue at the bus stop. There were a lot of empty buses waiting by the side of the road. The drivers were standing about in groups talking and smoking. In the park nearby young mothers were out with their children. There was someone selling balloons and someone else small cakes. This was the first time Mary was going to fly. It wasnt going to be a long flight; in fact, she would be in the air just under an hour. She got to the airport an hour before the plane was expected to take off. She was very excited and also a little nervous. But before long, it was announced that her flight was going to be delayed for two hours. Suddenly she felt very disappointed and didnt know what to do while she was waiting.
49. When David and his sister got to the bus stop, -----. A) they decided to play with the other children in the park B) there were no buses in sight C) they began to talk to the drivers D) there were a lot of people waiting for the bus E) they bought some cakes
52. It is obvious from the passage that Mary ----.
A) B) C) D) E)
was pleased the flight had been postponed was used to travelling by air nearly missed her plane was afraid her flight would last for hours began her first flight with a disappointment
50. In the passage, we are given ----. A) B) C) D) an account of the animals in the zoo the reasons for the drivers strike a description of a street one Sunday a full description of the park near the busstop E) some advice on how to spend our Sundays
53. Marys flight ----. A) B) C) D) E) left an hour early was delayed for two hours suddenly had to be cancelled was enjoyable from the beginning to the end was over far too quickly
51. David ----. A) is taking his sister to the zoo B) would rather spend the afternoon in the park C) is going to buy a balloon for his sister D) wondered why the buses were empty E) wished his mother had also come along with them
54. On arrival at the airport, Mary ----. A) B) C) D) E) was calm and confident expected the plane to take off in an hour had to hurry to catch the plane found out that her plane would take off in less than an hour didnt know how long the flight would take
As Molly left the house she looked at her watch. It was 3:45. Good, she thought, I have plenty of time. She was going to the library, and on Saturdays the library is open until 5 oclock. She walked along fairly slowly, stopping from time to time to look at shop windows. When she finally got to the library it was closed. She was surprised and looked at her watch again. It was still 3:45. It had stopped! After a hard week in the office, everyone needs a change at the weekend. People living in cities love to get away from the noise there and find some clean air in the country. If we sometimes can spend a weekend walking in a forest or fishing in a lake and eating in the open air, we feel so much better. We can even work better.
55. On Saturday afternoon Molly ----. A) B) C) D) E) lost her watch on her way to the library spent an hour looking at shop windows worked in the library decided to go shopping wanted to go to the library
58. After a weekend in the country ----. A) B) C) D) E) one usually feels very tired no one wants to return to the city people can do their work better the city seems much noisier one doesnt want to go back to work
56. When Molly got to the library----. A) B) C) D) E) it was exactly 5 oclock by her watch it was still open she was very tired it was 3:45 by her watch she found that it was just closing
59. Everybody ----.
A) B) C) D) E)
likes eating has to work hard in the office needs a change sometimes stays in the city at the weekends knows how to fish
57. On Saturdays ----. the library doesnt open till 5 oclock the library closes at 5 oclock Molly goes to the library before 3.45 it takes Molly a long time to get to the library E) the library sometimes closes early A) B) C) D)
60. At weekends it is pleasant to ----. A) B) C) D) E) read newspapers and magazines stay in the city work in the office go walking and fishing in the country stay at home doing nothing
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozarts world was a world of music from the moment he was born. His father, who was a fine musician, was teaching his daughter to play the piano. Little Wolfgang used to listen to his sister as she practised. He quickly learned the pieces she played. One day he said he wanted to play too. But he was only three years old then, and his father thought that his hands were too small. However, that evening, alone and in the dark, he played the pieces his sister had been practising and he played them much better than her. The voyage began well in calm, clear weather. As usual, the ship was crowded; most of the passengers were tourists, who after their holiday in Turkey, were now returning home. There was a great deal of fun and entertainment on board the ship. People were eating, dancing, singing and enjoying themselves. But after the sun set, the weather began to change, and the sea got rougher and rougher. Soon nearly everyone was feeling ill.
4. 1. As a child, Mozart ----. A) B) C) D) E) was hated by his father was taught by his sister to play the piano rarely listened to any music had a great talent for music used to play for his sister
At the start of the voyage ----. A) everyone was feeling happy B) a lot of people were already seasick C) everyone was looking forward to the holiday in Turkey D) the weather was cool and windy E) most of the tourists were complaining about the weather
5. 2. While his sister was practising, Mozart ----. A) B) C) D) E) usually made a lot of noise used to play himself used to feel very bored and his father talked about music learned how to play the piano
Most of the passengers on board the ship ----. A) B) C) D) E) didnt want to return home hated the food they were served got very sick when the storm broke out knew the weather would turn so bad in the evening enjoyed themselves by singing and dancing all night
3.
Mozarts father didnt believe that ----. A) his daughter practised often enough B) a child of three could possibly play the piano C) his children would ever learn to play well D) music could be regarded as a profession E) children could understand music well
6.
The passage is about ----.
A) B) C) D) E)
holidays by the sea a terrible storm at sea the dangers of a sea-voyage the first day on board the ship tourists in Turkey
11
Elephants are not really very savage animals, but occasionally they can be in a very bad temper. Their most dangerous habit at such moments is to pick up, with the trunk, a large stick or stone, and throw it with great force at someone standing nearby. When this happens the only thing anyone can do is to jump quickly out of the way. It was a misty morning, and there was a soft rain falling. There were only a few leaves left on the trees, but on the ground was a thick carpet of brown and yellow leaves. This was the time of year the old gardener loved best. Since he was too old to work, he used to spend his days by the window, looking out to the garden. It was no longer what it had been under his care, but still it was lovely.
7.
It is not very often that ----.
10. The garden had looked much nicer ----. A) B) C) D) E) when he first began to work in it during the summer months before the winter had come from the other window when the old man had been looking after it
A) B) C) D)
anyone can get close to an elephant an elephant behaves in a savage manner one can jump out of the way of an elephant an elephant picks something up with his trunk E) an elephant is frightened
8.
When an elephant is in a bad temper, ----. A) B) C) D) E) it may try to hurt someone it moves its trunk from side to side one shouldnt throw stones at it one should keep perfectly still it never shows it
11. It is obvious that ----. A) no one cared any longer for the old gardener B) the old gardener disliked staying indoors C) the old gardener was as fond of his garden as ever D) it always rained heavily there in the spring E) the old gardener was no longer interested in gardening
9.
The worst thing an elephant does is to ---. A) B) C) D) E) attack other savage animals destroy everything nearby use its trunk with great force move dangerously fast throw things at anyone close to it
12. The passage gives a description of ----. A) B) C) D) E) the old gardeners dislike of rain the old gardeners house the change of the seasons a wet morning in autumn the weather in winter
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Once a year Mary goes to spend a week with her Aunt Sarah who lives in a small seaside town. Usually she goes in the spring. It all began when Marys mother had to go into hospital for an operation and Mary was sent to stay with her aunt. Mary and her aunt enjoyed being together, and, before she left, Mary promised to go back again for another holiday for the following year. These visits have been going on for six years now. People are very much influenced by the climate in which they live. For example, those who live in the sunny Mediterranean countries are more friendly and warmer than those living in the cold northern parts of the world. It is in the north, however, that the value of the sun is really understood. This is why the Scandinavian people hold, in the middle of the summer, one of the biggest festivals of the year, known as The Midnight Sun Festival.
13. Marys visit to her aunt ----. A) B) C) D) E) made her very happy came after six years was postponed until the following year lasted several weeks generally takes place in the spring
16. One reason why people of the Mediterranean countries are warm and friendly ----. A) B) C) D) E) is the number of festivals they have is the sunny climate could be the change in climate seems to be that they do not value the sun may be that they have never been to the north
14. Mary and her aunt ----. A) B) C) D) E) usually go on holiday together in the spring have lived together for six years now have become very fond of each other have promised to go to the hospital have gone away to a small town
17. The Midnight Sun Festival shows that ----. A) the summer season has just started B) the northern parts are not as cold as we think C) the Scandinavian people are really very friendly D) the Scandinavian countries have a very sunny climate E) the Scandinavian people give great importance to the sun
15. The first time Mary stayed with her aunt ----. A) B) C) D) E) she wished she hadnt gone she had to have an operation was when her mother was ill was not very enjoyable was the year following her mothers operation
18. The main idea of the passage is that ----. A) in the Mediterranean countries no summer festival is held B) the Scandinavian people are very fond of holding festivals C) there is a close relationship between the climate of a place and the people living there D) the people of the north and the people of the south dont like each other E) the sun is necessary for the life
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It is a mistake to assume that educational programmes on television are likely to be boring. In fact, as long as these programmes are made in a rich and creative manner, there is no doubt that can and does draw the attention of people, especially young people. Perhaps some of the best examples of successful educational programmes are those which deal, for instance, with ancient historical sites, environmental problems, wild life, geography or the strange world at the bottom of the sea. Nowadays, in England, tea is quite the most popular, and also the cheapest, of all drinks. People drink their tea in different ways. Some like it with sugar, some without. Some drink it with milk, some with lemon; yet, one way or another just about everyone drinks tea. This, however, has not always been the case. During the last century, when tea was very expensive, it was kept locked up, and the lady of the house had the key. Tea drinking was quite a ceremony, reserved for the evenings. At breakfast everyone drank beer!
19. In the passage it is emphasized that a good educational programme ----. A) has more influence on people if it is shown on television B) should in the first place be concerned with history and biology C) should involve young people and encourage them to study the natural world D) can contribute a great deal to peoples awareness of environmental problems E) is one which is made creatively and contains a great deal of interesting material
22. In the passage it is explained that ----.
A) in England today people have different habits of tea drinking B) in the passage in England only the wealthy were able to drink tea C) at breakfast England people also like to drink beer D) English people mostly prefer to have their tea in the evening E) in England usually a ceremony is held in the family before tea is served
20. In the passage, the term wild life ----. A) is used to indicate the behaviour of the young people B) refers to animals, birds and other living beings in nature C) signifies the living conditions o primitive people D) means a large unused place of land E) refers to pre-historical times 23. Compared with the past, in England today ----. A) B) C) D) E) more and more people prefer tea to beer tea is regarded as a luxury tea is very cheap and commonly available sugar is becoming less and less popular people do not care about the quality of tea
24. It is obvious from the passage that ----. 21. Some people seem to think that ----. A) only those programmes concerned with historical and geographical subjects can be fascinating B) television doesnt give enough importance to the problems of the youth C) educational programmes on television are of little interest D) a lot of money is needed to make a good educational programme E) young people are more interested in educational programmes than their elders A) English people have always regarded tea as better than beer B) over the years the popularity of tea in England has increased tremendously C) drinking tea with lemon is only a recent habit in England D) like tea, beer is also an extremely popular drink E) English people are no longer fond of ceremonies
14
Elizabeth parked the car and then went into the busy station to meet Jane who was going to spend the weekend with her. Elizabeths friends often came for the weekend, but there was something a little different about Janes visit. She and Jane hadnt seen each other for 15 years. While at university, they shared a flat together for 2 years but then each had married and Jane and her husband had lived abroad a great deal. Elizabeth began to ask herself: Will we even be able to recognize eac h other after all these years? Right then she saw Jane walking towards her and smiling straight at her with the old, unforgettable smile quite unchanged. There was silence. Neither Mr. Mayne nor Mr. Bridge spoke. Mr. Mayne looked across at Mr. Bridge and waited. Both wanted the other to speak. Neither spoke. It was as if each felt that whoever spoke first would lose. Presently, they rose together and together said: Well, I must be going. Then they nodded slightly to each other and did indeed go. So they agreed to separate, but on both sides there was regret, for each was deeply convinced that they could have formed a business partnership that would have given them fame and wealth.
25. Elizabeth is worried ----. A) because Janes may have changed a great deal after all these years B) in case she wont be able to find a place to park in the car C) about Jane and her husband who are going to live abroad D) in case Jane will change her mind about coming for the weekend E) in case after a separation of so many years they may both fail to recognize each other
28. When Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge separated ----. A) each was confident that the partnership would flourish B) they both seemed relieved C) they agreed to meet again soon D) both were feeling disappointed E) they were equally pleased with themselves
26. The first thing Elizabeth noticed about Jane when they met at the station was ----. A) B) C) D) E) that she had become quite old how well she was looking that she had not forgotten how to smile her smile which had not changed at all that she had already been married
29. Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge scarcely spoke to each other because ----. A) B) C) D) E) they hated each other they didnt think it was necessary there was nothing to say each wanted the other to start they didnt want to work together
27. Elizabeths friendship with Jane ----. A) went back to their university years B) lasted only for two years when they were at university C) ended soon after they had each married D) has always been envied by all their friends E) found its best expression in their weekend visits to each other
30. When Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge met, they ----. A) were anxious to talk about their wealth B) hoped to solve their financial problems C) were both sure that they could have been successful partners in business D) found they had nothing to say E) disliked each other immediately
15
On the day of my first piano recital, I became more and more nervous. To help me calm down, my piano teacher told me to place several cabbages in the room where I practised. If I could play for them, he said, I could play for a real audience. I was so eager to get over my nerves that I was willing to try anything. For the next few hours, I played to an audience of cabbages. When the time of the recital finally arrived, I was still terribly nervous. My hands felt like ice. When I finally walked across the stage, I looked out into the dark audience. I couldnt see anyone! All those people out there could just as easily have been cabbages! As I sat down to play, my hands relaxed. Before I knew it, I had played all my pieces without a mistake. For the first time, the cabbage heads were applauding! 31. On the day of the recital the music teacher ----. A) advised the writer to put cabbages in the room where he practised and play for them B) warned the writer not to look at the audience C) had no patience with the writer because he was nervous too D) felt nearly as nervous about the recital as the writer did E) couldnt think of a way of helping the writer to stay calm 34. As it is pointed out in the passage, mountaineering is a sport ----. A) B) C) D) E) in which nobody wins and nobody loses that is not suitable for the old in which technique is not easy to learn which can be enjoyed anywhere in the country that most people are interested in Mountaineering has this advantage over most other sports; enjoyment depends very little indeed on natural ability or technical skill; it is a sport without winners and without losers. By all means study the technique of climbing if it interests you. But, believe me, provided you go to really good mountain country, it doesnt much matter how you climb or what you climb. There are three things that matter; look up frequently to see the way ahead; dont leave the holds you have until you have tested new ones; do all you can to help those climbing with you.
35. When climbing, one must ----. 32. The writer stopped feeling nervous ----. A) B) C) D) E) because he had practised a great deal when the audience began to applaud before he walked onto the stage as soon as the concert was over when he found he couldnt see the audience A) always follow the good climbers B) be careful to check that new holds are safe before leaving old ones C) always keep to known routes D) never look back E) try to develop ones natural abilities
33. In the passage it is explained that ----. A) the writer was always nervous on the day of the concert B) the writer played to some cabbages because there was no real audience C) the writer finally began to relax just before he began his recital D) the room was so cold that the writers hands felt like ice E) the writer always practised in a room where there were cabbages 36. The passage emphasizes the fact that ----. A) the techniques of climbing are of great importance B) there is actually not much really good climbing country C) climbing is not a team sport D) one climber should always help another E) few people really enjoy climbing
16
The desires of a child were naturally rather limited in the Victorian era. Toys were simple and comparatively few. There were no bicycles or mechanical models. The average child made his own fun from very cheap materials. Really the only shop the child dreamed of entering for his own purposes was the sweetshop. Nowadays, a bewildering variety of toys, magazines and entertainments are competing for his interest and money. The boredom of having everything readymade leads to a constant desire for something new. Most people werent impressed when, in 1913, the Daily Mail newspaper offered 10,000 to the first pilot to fly across the Atlantic in under 72 hours. The majority of scientists, even, said it could not be done. Certainly the problems involved were many and far-ranging. Obviously, the design of the aeroplane was of great importance, but so too were the skill and courage of the pilot and the navigator; weather conditions also had to be taken into consideration. A very few enthusiasts thought it might be possible ten years later. They were wrong. A pilot received the prize six years later.
37. It is suggested in the passage that the modern child ----. A) wishes he had been born in the Victorian era B) suffers from boredom in spite of all the toys C) develops his abilities by playing with toys D) is well able to amuse himself E) is allowed to eat too much
40. When the Daily Mail offered a prize in 1913, for flying across the Atlantic ----. A) there were few aeroplanes that could stay in the air for more than 72 hours B) many enthusiastic amateurs were eager to try C) the majority of scientists thought it could be done D) almost no one believed it was possible to do this within the next ten years E) the general public were very interested in the scheme
38. According to the passage ----. A) mechanical toys are essential to a childs happiness B) a child should not be left to make his own fun C) home-made toys give more pleasure than ready-made ones D) a constant desire for something new was encouraged in children in Victorian times E) simple toys slow down a childs development
41. The 10,000 prize offered by the Daily Mail in 1913 ----. A) B) C) D) E) was shared by pilot and navigator was never won was won ten years later was received even earlier than some enthusiasts expected aimed at encouraging better aircraft design
39. The passage emphasizes ----. A) a child should have money to spend on toys B) the importance, in childhood, of a large choice of toys C) how lucky the modern child is D) that sweets are not good for the health E) the difference between a Victorian child and a present-day one
42. The passage points out that ----. A) before the Atlantic could be crossed by plane, many factors had to be considered B) the prize of 10,000 was actually not worth very much C) the majority of scientists were extremely interested in the project D) the Daily Mail was impressed by the courage of the pilot who received the prize E) weather conditions were favourable on the day of the flight
17
Every summer many people, girls and boys and men, try to swim from England to France or from France to England. The distance at the nearest points is only about twenty miles, but because of the strong currents the distance that must be swum is usually more than twice as far. The first man to succeed in swimming across the Channel was Captain Webb, an English man. This was in August 1875. He landed in France 21 hours 45 minutes after entering the water at Dover. Since then, there have been many successful swims and the time has been shortened. One French swimmer crossed in 11 hours and 5 minutes. 46. It is only recently that ----. A) important scientific studies about the Southern Hemisphere have been carried out B) scientists have been seriously interested in fossils C) a dinosaur fossil has been discovered in Antarctica D) some new facts about the Northern Hemisphere have come to light E) Antarctica has been discovered 47. One can understand from the passage that ----. 44. The first time anyone swam across the channel ----. A) was two centuries ago B) was when England and France organized a swimming competition C) no one really believed him D) he was helped by favourable currents E) he reached Dover just before 10 in the evening A) dinosaurs, at one time in the past, lived in both hemispheres B) dinosaurs were in fact, more commonly found in the Southern Hemisphere C) scientists had long since realized that dinosaurs had actually lived in Antarctica D) the dinosaur fossil, discovered in Antarctica, was significantly different from those found in other continents E) the discovery of a dinosaur fossil in Antarctica was actually of little importance to scientists A new discovery of a dinosaur fossil in Antarctica has confirmed the idea that dinosaurs lived not only in the Northern Hemisphere but also in the Southern Hemisphere as well. Up until this discovery, scientists had found dinosaur remains on every continent except for Antarctica. This new discovery now confirms the idea that dinosaurs were distributed worldwide. If the dinosaur fossil is shown to be related to other dinosaurs of the same period in South America, it will also support the idea that South America and Antarctica were once linked together.
43. Swimming the Channel is not as easy as it might seem ----. A) as the distance between the two countries is far too much B) and it always takes more or less 20 hours C) and only two people have managed to do it so far D) so few people even try to swim it E) for there are very strong currents
45. The time Captain Webb needed to swim across the Channel ----. A) B) C) D) E) was unbelievably short has since been nearly reduced to half still remains a record was thought to be far too long hasnt been equalled by any French swimmer
48. It is hoped that the discovery of the dinosaur fossil in Antarctica ----. A) would contribute significantly to our knowledge of the Northern Hemisphere B) will throw further light on the existence of dinosaurs in the past C) would lead to further similar discoveries in the Southern Hemisphere D) could answer the question whether South America and Antarctica were originally connected E) will attract more scientists to this type of work
18
A popular method of treating frozen fingers and toes in very cold, even freezing weather is to slowly rewarm them or rub them with snow. The best treatment, however, is not slow rewarming. Putting the frozen fingers or toes in a warm bath or using a hot water bottle are both good ways to treat them. Hot drinks to warm the body from within are also helpful. One must be careful about burning the skin, however. The temperature of any heat applied should not be greater than 43 C. Bicycling in America has been growing at an amazing rate. Bicycles used to be sold to parents for their children. Now those same parents are buying them for themselves, as well as for their children. And grandparents are cycling, too. Moreover, people dont simply cycle for fun and for the exercise. Many young executives ride bikes to work as an alternative to adding to the pollution of cities, and to fighting traffic jams, while college and high school students find bikes an economical alternative to cars or buses.
49. The main concern of the passage is ----. A) why frozen fingers and toes should be slowly re-warmed B) how to keep adequately warm in winter C) how to treat fingers and toes that have been frozen D) the dangers of freezing weather for the body E) why one should have plenty of hot drinks in winter
52. In the passage it is emphasized that, in America ----. A) more and more people of all ages are now using bicycles B) few collage can afford to run a car C) no executive feels he can cycle to work D) most parents feel it is dangerous for children to cycle to school E) a great many traffic jams are being caused by cyclists
50. It is pointed out in the passage that ----. A) the use of hot water bottles to rewarm the body in not advisable B) one should try to rewarm frozen fingers and toes fairly rapidly C) in rewarming the body the higher the temperature, the better the result is D) people should be warned not to go out in freezing cold weather E) one should take a hot bath as soon as possible in winter 53. Cycling is also a hobby that ----. A) B) C) D) E) attracts fewer and fewer people is getting increasingly more expensive only appeals to the young has a high-accident rate the whole family can enjoy
51. The author warns that ----. A) the minimum temperature required is 43 C B) in rewarming the body, care must be taken not to burn the skin C) one should never rub frozen fingers and toes with snow D) hot drinks must not be taken in immediately E) recovery cannot be as rapid as one would expect
54. From the passage we can infer that ----. A) different people have different reasons for preferring a bicycle to a car B) most Americans can no longer afford to run a car C) young children should not be allowed to cycle on main roads D) a lot of parents are borrowing their childrens bicycles E) cycling is fun in the country but not in a city
19
It is easy enough to understand why birds should migrate, and one can understand how they time their migrations according to changing day length or temperature. The real mystery is, how do they know which way to go? Human navigators, even with the help of all kinds of modern instruments, still make mistakes. So how do birds manage to find their way without making any mistake? In an interview yesterday Mr. Wilson was questioned about the harmful effects of horror movies on teenagers. He argued that such effects were often exaggerated, and claimed that other types of film were far more dangerous for young people. When asked to prove these, he pointed out that horror films were often set in unreal situations and were clearly not to be taken seriously. In contrast, he claimed that films showing violent crime often set in everyday life, and were therefore more damaging. 58. In Mr. Wilsons opinion, horror films ----. A) cost more than other kinds of film B) are more popular among the elderly than among the young C) should be banned altogether D) are less damaging to young people than films of violent crime E) have recently ceased to appeal to the young
55. The most puzzling thing about the migration of the birds is ----. A) why they always leave at the end of the summer B) how they know what route to follow C) that they are less skilful than human beings at navigation D) why they feel the need to migrate E) the timing of their departure
56. According the passage, the change in the length of the days and the temperature ----. A) help birds to find their way with great accuracy B) hardly affect the migration of the birds C) can be measured accurately to aid navigation D) play a vital role in timing their migration E) have always been a mystery to man
59. For Mr. Wilson the main difference between a horror film and one showing violent crime is that the former ----. A) is mainly concerned with everyday situations B) is liked by the young, and the latter by the old C) is unrelated to life, whereas the latter is D) is less expensive to produce than the latter E) rarely receives any attention from the young
57. From the passage we realize that, in spite of high technology, man ----. A) cannot make birds change their migration habits B) is still unable to explain the reasons for the migration of birds C) cannot measure changes in day length and temperature with any accuracy D) has failed to improve navigation techniques E) is not efficient as birds at navigation
60. The interviewer wanted to find out whether ----. A) young people were being harmed by horror films B) Mr. Wilson had himself been affected by horror films C) Mr. Wilson preferred horror films to films of violence D) people were seriously objecting to horror films E) the affect of films were being exaggerated
20
READING COMPREHENSION 3
The famous tower of London was built as a fortress by William the Conqueror. Early in the Middle Ages the kings used it as a palace. Later on, it was turned into a prison, but only distinguished prisoners, including statesmen and princes, were held there. Today the tower is a national museum, where among other things; the jewellery of the English kings and queens is on display. Never before in history have people been so aware of what is going on in the world. Television, newspapers and radio keep us continually informed and stimulate our interest. The sociologists interest in the world around him is intense, for society is his field of study. Indeed, he needs to know what is happening in society; he wants to know what makes the social world what it is, how it is organized, why it changes in the way that it does. Such knowledge is valuable not only for those who make great decisions, but also for you, since this is the world in which you live in your way.
4. 1. It is obvious from the passage that the functions of the Tower of London ----. A) were all established by William the Conqueror B) have always been controlled by the kings C) have varied greatly over the centuries D) are all of military nature E) have not changed at all since the Middle Ages
The passage emphasizes that whatever goes on in the world today ----. A) B) C) D) E) is quickly forgotten by the majority only concerns the sociologist first makes the headlines in the passage is of great interest to everyone can easily be ignored by people in power
5. 2. We learn from the passage that the Tower ----. A) was not originally intended to be fortress B) was never a prison for ordinary people C) is still unique example of medieval architecture D) was never a residence of English kings E) functions today only as a jewellery museum
It is pointed out in the passage that, among other things, sociologists are very much interested in ----. A) B) C) D) E) our reaction to their studies the effect of television on education the reasons for social changes how people make a living in the world environmental problems
3.
William the Conquerors original purpose in building the Tower London ----. A) was one of defence B) was to exhibit his valuable jewellery C) was strongly criticized later in the Middle Ages D) remains unknown even now E) is still being debated among historians
6.
One may conclude from the passage that the studies made by sociologists ----. A) are extremely useful both to decision makers and to ordinary people B) are of little interest C) receive a lot of attention from the media D) are primarily intended for students of sociology E) do not adequately reflect real conditions in the world
21
Good students usually have good study habits and know how to plan their time efficiently. Some find it helpful to draw up a five or six day programme each week and plan what they will do and when. Of course, one cannot always keep to such a plan. Unexpected things often happen but even the making of such a plan forces us to think about what we ought to do during the week and this is the first step towards doing it. Many people who have to start the day early find it difficult to wake up properly. For some of them, the solution is very straight-forward: they drink two cups of coffee and the feelings of the fatigue disappear. This is the effect of caffeine, which is a family of stimulants found not only in coffee but also in such drinks as tea, cola and cocoa. Taken in reasonable amounts, the stimulating chemical may help some people to work more efficiently. However, excessive quantities of caffeine can cause several irritating, unhealthy side effects. Studies show, in fact, that more than two cups of tea a day can cause 7. A week study programme can be very useful ----. A) after good study habits have been established B) but doesnt lead to better study habits C) so long as it is not very detailed D) even if one doesnt keep to it exactly E) if one knows it cant be changed unpleasant symptoms such as nervousness, irritability, stomach pain and insomnia.
10. The passage suggests that it is inadvisable for one to ----. A) drink any tea, coffee or cocoa at all B) drink more than two cups of tea a day C) start the day without a stimulant of some sort D) use any other stimulant but caffeine E) drink coffee late in the day
8.
Good students ----. A) only do what they ought to do and not what they want to do B) waste a lot of time thinking about what they ought to do C) owe their success to good study habits and careful planning of their time D) take five or six days to do what they could do in two or three days E) cant plan their time efficiently without someone to help them
11. Caffeine and other similar stimulants----. A) can produce certain unpleasant side effects if large doses are taken B) are completely harmless C) always have a negative effect upon people D) actually never lead to improved performance E) are only to be found in tea, coffee and cola
9.
One advantage of drawing up a work plan every week is that ----. A) we realize that a lot of the work we do is unnecessary B) unexpected problems can be avoided C) we can give ourselves two whole free days D) it reminds us of what we have to do during the week E) we soon grow used to working at regular times
12. The passage points out that many people begin the day with two cups of coffee ----. A) even when they dont feel sleepy B) because, by doing so, they soon feel wide awake C) because there is less caffeine in coffee than in tea D) if they know the day ahead is likely to be an irritating one E) as this is the best way to cure certain stomach pains and insomnia
22
Like so many other materials in Japan, paper too has come in for many hundreds of years of artistic consideration. At one period of the countrys history, the paper on which a poem was written was as important as the poem itself. A thousand years ago there were whole towns actively engaged in making paper. Such towns still exist, but there were also many farming villages which then, as they do today, made paper to earn extra income during the winter. At present, about half of Japans farmers must add to their incomes with winter jobs. Although a large amount of winter employment is provided by construction companies, some farmers continue to work at such cottage industries as paper-making. One tends to assume that Iceland must be very cold. In fact it isnt. The Gulf Stream warms it and so do hot springs. The whole city of Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, is heated by hot water pumped from springs. These waters also warm a great many city swimming pools. There are greenhouses in almost every backyard in Reykjavik. Heat for the greenhouses also comes from the hot springs. Tomatoes, peppers and melons are grown at all times of the year. Flowers like tulips and pinks are also grown.
13. It is obvious from the passage that the art of paper-making in Japan ----. A) is still the most important source of income for a large part of the population B) has disappeared owing to industrialization C) was of no economic value at all in the past D) was only practised by the peasants in the country E) has a long history
16. The passage paints a picture of Reykjavik that ----. A) B) C) D) E) ignores geographical factors emphasises how cold and barren it is implies that the level of civilization is low is distinctly unpleasant is both surprising and attractive
17. The people of Reykjavik ----. 14. The passage emphasizes that approximately fifty per cent of the farming population in Japan ----. A) is not satisfied with current farming policies B) prefers town life to village life C) engages in a secondary occupation in the winter D) plans to give up farming and go into construction work E) has no concept of the national history
A) B) C) D) E)
lead primitive, uncomfortable lives suffer greatly from the cold climate make very good use of the hot springs cannot afford to heat their houses properly have done nothing to make life in the capital pleasant
18. Tomatoes, peppers and melons ----. 15. It is suggested that paper-making ---. A) encouraged the development of poetry in B) is still one of Japans cottage industries C) has never been a significant commercial interest in Japan D) has seldom been regarded as an art by the Japanese E) and construction are the two major areas of employment in Japan A) B) C) D) E) are the only food produced in Iceland are some of the chief imports of Iceland are naturally great luxuries in Iceland grow all the year round in Iceland have only recently been introduced into Iceland
23
When Queen Victoria died in 1901, the world was entering a new and exciting period of change. For instance, in that year, for the first time, wireless signals had crossed the Atlantic and, in the following year, an airship flew from Europe to America. Already the motor car had come into use and was making life much easier. Telephones also were becoming fairly common. Politically and economically, people looked forward to a time of peace, wealth and progress. In fact, nothing seemed to stand in the way of such a future. There can be few more depressing stories in the entire history of mans exploitation of nature than the wide-spread destruction of whales. Whales have not only suffered untold cruelty but now face total extermination. Already entire populations have been wiped out, and the only reason why no species has yet been finished off is due to the vastness and inaccessibility of the oceans. Hence, a few have always managed to escape, but how much longer can this go on?
19. It is obvious from the passage that the twentieth century ----. A) opened with a decline in industrial and economic activity B) inherited, from the previous century, very many serious social and political problems C) began in a spirit of hope and confidence which was more or less world-wide D) was ushered in by a wave of despair and discontent E) introduced a period of economic and political unrest
22. The author points out that, of all the animals in nature, it is probably the whales that ----. A) have aroused most sympathy among ordinary people B) have attracted the least scientific attention C) alone can survive mans hunting instinct D) have suffered most from mans cruelty E) can finally avoid total extinction
20. At the beginning of the twentieth century, people ----. A) were still not fully aware of the benefits or the telephone B) believed that technological and economic progress could not be halted C) preferred to make their long distance journeys by airship D) were extremely upset by the death of Queen Victoria E) felt ill at ease in the face of so much change
23. According to the passage, if whales have so far survived, it is because ----. A) they have taken refuge in the vast expanses of the oceans B) they breed fast an are difficult to catch C) modern man has recognised the need to preserve them D) various measures have been taken to save them from total extermination E) man has finally realized that nature must not be exploited
21. From the passage one can conclude that at the turn of the new century ----. A) the drawbacks of industrialization became evident B) it seemed that nothing more could be invented C) progress and change were to be seen on every side D) technological progress was hampered by an economic crisis E) the main emphasis was on improved communications
24. In the passage the author expresses his doubts about whether ----. A) many species of whales ought to be preserved B) the exploitation of nature can be justified C) whales can actually survive in the future D) many really is a cruel to whales as some people have claimed E) there is any point in trying to preserve all species of animals
24
It is to be expected that, by the year 2050, peoples eating habits will have changed beyond recognition. With a world-wide growth in population, very many new mechanical and scientific methods will come into being to step up food production. There may well be an end to food as we know it today. In fact, meals, as we know them, may become a thing of the past. Food constituents and vitamins may be taken in the form of capsules, tablets and pills. The thought of these highly artificial food constituents replacing present-day foods may be the answer to food shortage and world famine. There is nothing that man fears more than the touch of the unknown. He wants to see what is reaching towards him, and to be able to recognize or at least classify it. Man always tends to avoid physical contact with anything strange. In the dark, the fear of an unexpected touch can lead to panic. Even clothes give insufficient security: it is easy to tear them and pierce through to the defenceless body of the victim. All the distances which men create round themselves are dictated by this fear. They shut themselves in houses which no one may enter, and only there they feel some measure of security. The fear of burglars is not only the fear of being robbed, but also the fear of something touching you in the 25. It is suggested in the passage that, at not too distant a date ----. A) the world will face severe famine B) the rate of growth in the world population will have been slowed down C) the worlds food production will decline tremendously despite the population growth D) methods of advertising food products will change drastically E) our traditional eating habits will have been completely replaced darkness. 28. According to the passage, what frightens people most is ----. A) the thought of being robbed at night B) the unexpected contact with something unknown C) a sense of insecurity D) being alone in the dark E) the knowledge that they wont be protected
26. The author points out that artificial food ----. A) B) C) D) will unfortunately be deficient in vitamins can be economically and easily produced is not practical but it is delicious may provide a solution to the problem of a world food a shortage E) will appeal greatly to the majority of people
29. Because people are frightened of the unknown ----. A) they feel it necessary to put a barrier between themselves and the unknown B) it is natural that they should always be in a state of panic C) they feel safer in a crowd D) they try to avoid physical contact of all kinds E) burglars find it much easier to break into houses
27. The main point emphasized in the passage is that ----. A) present-day eating habits must be preserved B) in the twenty-first century the wide-spread use of artificial food will be inevitable C) famine and food shortage in the world can only be overcome by reducing the population growth rate D) artificial foods needs not conflict with traditional eating habits E) mechanical and scientific methods are indispensable for the production of vitamins
30. This passage is concerned with ----. A) how people can regain a sense of security B) the measure people are advised to take against burglars C) the three main types of fear D) peoples fear of the unknown and how they try to cope with it E) how to bring ones fears into the open
25
England is famous for its gardens, and most people like gardening. This is probably one reason why so many people prefer to live in houses rather than in flats. Particularly in suburban areas it is possible to pass row after row of ordinary small houses, each one with its neatly kept patch of grass surrounded by a great variety of flowers and shrubs. Enthusiasts of gardening get a great deal of helpful advice from television and magazines. Public libraries, maintained by the local authorities, are well developed and progressive, and everywhere allow people to borrow books without charge. The books in the lending section are always kept on open shelves, and library staffs are very helpful in getting books on request from other libraries through the exchange system. Most libraries report an increase in borrowing over the past few years, so television does not seem to be stopping people from reading, as it was feared that it would.
31. The passage points out, because many English people are fond of gardening,----. A) B) C) D) E) they dont want to live suburban areas houses are more popular than flats they can spare little time for television the price of land is constantly going up they grow flowers but not grass and fruit trees
34. It is explained in the passage that any book which is not available in one library ----. A) B) C) D) E) wont be available at any library can be brought from another discourages people from using libraries spoils the whole lending system of the public libraries should be reported to the librarian
32. The passage stresses that people interested in gardening ----. A) find it necessary to move out to distant rural areas B) need large gardens in order to derive satisfaction C) are in a minority in England D) get very little encouragement from the media E) are supplied with information and guidance by both television and the press
35. As pointed out in the passage, people nowadays ----. A) prefer entertaining television programmes to reading B) are using public libraries more than they used to in the past C) read a lot but dont use the libraries much D) complain a great deal about the poor services the libraries are offering E) are using the exchange system less and less frequently
33. The passage is concerned with ----. A) the increasing demand for new varieties of flowers and shrubs B) the problems of gardening in suburban areas C) the new techniques in gardening D) the enthusiasm of people in England for gardens and gardening E) how to look after the grass in gardens
36. The passage gives us the impression that public libraries ----. A) charge more than is necessary for the services given B) are no longer receiving any financial support from local authorities C) are working extremely efficiently at present D) do not cooperate with each other at all E) are understaffed and poorly equipped
26
Fahrenheit is the system of measuring the temperature, how hot or cold something is, used by many people in Britain. The freezing point of Fahrenheit is 32 degrees. So a cold winters day in Britain would have a temperature of 38 F (3 centigrade), and a hot summers day would have temperature of 90 F (32 centigrade). The Fahrenheit scale was invented by the German scientist Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1710. Today in Britain most people over twenty-five know the Fahrenheit scale but the centigrade system (Celsius) is being used more and more. Weather forecasts on television and newspapers show temperature in both scales. The Falklands are a group of islands in the South Atlantic close to Argentina, with a population of 1,200 British citizens. They have been British territory since 1892. Disputes about who owns the islands go back to the eighteenth century. Argentina has long claimed that these islands, which they call the Malvinas, belong to them. They occupied the islands in April 1982 and the Falklands War lasted until July 1982, when British forces won them back. The Falklands War had an enormous impact on Britain and is still controversial. Some people see it as a restoration of Britains old imperial power.
40. It is pointed out in the passage that both Britain and Argentina ----. 37. It is explained in the passage that the term Fahrenheit ----. A) has retained its popularity among young people B) is very rarely used in Britain today C) refers to the scale of temperature between 32 and 90 D) is never used in weather forecasts E) derives from the name of a German scientist A) were reluctant to start the Falklands War B) regard the Falklands as their own territory C) realize that these islands are of no importance to anyone D) prefer to use the name Malvinas for these islands E) only laid claim to the islands after 1982
41. According to passage, the Falklands War ----. 38. It is implied in the passage that in the long run, the Celsius system ----. A) will be remembered only by the elderly B) will soon fall into disuse C) seems likely to be favoured by newspapers but not only by the television D) will replace the Fahrenheit E) will improve and become more reliable A) was being fought, on and off, between 1892 and 1982 B) was largely ignored by the British public C) showed how right Argentina was in claiming the islands D) was followed by a withdrawal of most British citizens from the islands E) broke out when the islands were invaded by Argentina
39. The passage deals with ----. A) two different systems of measuring the temperature B) the advantages of the Fahrenheit scale over the Celsius scale C) the scientific research carried out by Gabriel Fahrenheit D) the range in temperature to be found in the British Isles E) the declining popularity of the Celsius scale in Britain
42. One may conclude from the passage that, even today, Britishs hold over the Falklands Island ----. A) is regarded as politically and economically unnecessary by everyone in Britain B) could, in all likelihood, lead to another war between Britain and other powers C) causes more problems than benefits to the British public D) is felt by some people to be a continuation of the British imperial rule E) has not been accepted anywhere but in Argentina
27
The beauty of bread lies in its simplicity. Flour and liquid are the main ingredients, along with yeast and sometimes salt. From these basics we get a nourishing and tasty food that gives us carbohydrates, protein, and B vitamins, textures, and flavours. Practically every culture has its own type of bread, and many have more than one. For centuries it was the white bread that was popular; but nowadays more and more people rightly prefer the brown, village type of bread which contains far more vitamins and is also much tastier. Many of us enjoy a visit to a zoo and for those seeing lions and tigers for the first time it is surely a most thrilling experience. But how many people stop to wonder how the animals are feeling in their often unsuitable surroundings? Most zoos cannot afford to provide all the separate species with the right environment. The animals in zoos may be well-fed, but a hunting animal wants to hunt for its own food.
43. As it is pointed out in the passage, the ingredients of bread ----. A) dont allow for much originality in the manner of cooking B) vary greatly in different parts of the world C) are few and simple but there is much variety in the type of bread produced D) are low in food value E) are now very different from what they were a few centuries ago
46. It is pointed out in the passage that, coming close to such wild animals as tigers and lions ----. A) can only be possible in large zoos B) gives some people a strong sense of excitement C) can make them very aggressive towards people D) is unsettling for young children E) is the only way to understand their eating habits
44. The passage stresses that bread is a useful item in our diet ----. A) even though most people dont really like the taste B) but should only be eaten in small quantities C) especially if we confine ourselves to the white varieties D) on account of both its flavour and the nourishment it provides E) so long as it is eaten with foods containing protein and carbohydrates
47. The writer feels that few people ----. A) visit a zoo in order to see the animals there B) are indifferent to the feelings of zoo animals C) are interested in any of the animal species D) are sufficiently sensitive to the conditions of animals kept in zoos E) really want to see a living lion or tiger
45. According to the passage, the present day trend in favour of the brown bread ----. A) B) C) D) E) is understandable and to be encouraged is not a healthy trend cannot be expected to continue is to be found only in the villages has nothing to do with quality or nourishment, but only with appearance
48. It is emphasized in the passage that, the living conditions of most animals in zoos ----. A) are carefully designed to make the animals happy B) have recently improved greatly C) could easily be improved at little cost D) tell us a lot about the natural environment E) are very different from those of their natural environment
28
Born in January 30th 1951, Phil Collins seemed destined for a life on the stage. While his father was in charge of an insurance office, his mother managed a theatre school in London. All three of her children had parts in films. When Phil got a part in the London production of Oliver, he left school for a career in acting. Meanwhile, he was already playing drums at parties and clubs and had begun to write his own songs, secretly hoping that one day this would be his full-time job. Then, in 1975, something happened that changed his life. He became the drummer of the Genesis group. British towns suffer from the same traffic congestion, noise and polluting fumes as all towns in the western world. However, as yet, only London, Newcastle, Glasgow and to a small extent Liverpool, have useful railways going underground through the central areas. Elsewhere there are plans for building underground railways but they have little hope of making any progress with them so long as public expenditure is restricted. In general, the north has better public transport than the south, with cheap and frequent bus services using better roads shared with fewer cars. 52. As it is pointed out in the passage, most British towns have no underground railway system ----. A) as the system is felt to cause a great deal of pollution B) since the majority of people have their own private means of transport C) as this is not felt to be a practical system outside London D) because there is not sufficient public money available for such projects E) simply because the people feel no need for one
49. As the passage points out, the pop music singer Phil Collins ----. A) originally wanted to work alongside his father B) was introduced early in his life to the world of entertainment C) got little encouragement from his family D) was the first in his family to go on stage E) continued his schooling even after he took a part in the musical Oliver
50. According to the passage, although Phil Collins began his career in the theatre, ----. A) his real interest lay in music B) he always dreamed of being a successful businessman like his father C) his real talent was in film-making D) he did so very unwillingly E) he has always disliked being in the public eye
53. We can understand from the passage that ----. A) Liverpool has the most developed underground train system in Britain B) more people drive their own cars in the north than in the south C) the north of the Britain suffers less from traffic problems than the south does D) the south of Britain enjoys cheap and highly efficient bus services E) British cities have much less air pollution than cities in the west
51. The passage tells us that the year 1975 ----. A) was when Phil Collins first had a song accepted by Genesis B) was the year in which Phil Collins left the Genesis group C) was a turning point in Phil Collinss life D) was one of great disappointments for Phil Collins E) saw the end of Phil Collinss career as a singer
54. The author suggests that underground railways are an excellent means of transport since ----. A) they are a much cheaper means of transport than buses B) they do not pollute the streets of a city with noise and petrol fumes C) the building and maintenance of them as comparatively cheap D) the numbers who use them can easily be restricted E) the services offered on them are constantly being improved
29
The famous English detective Thomas Wilson was actually a great lover of music; he often played the violin and even composed some music. He would sometimes spend a whole afternoon listening to music, and this would make him extremely happy. On such occasions he grew gentle and dreamy, quite unlike the sharp, clever and rather frightening detective that everybody knew him to be. But such a mood rarely lasted long; and when it left him, he was more alert and businesslike than ever. During the Crimean War, Florence Nightingale showed extraordinary qualities of determination and organizing ability. In the English hospital where she worked, conditions at first were terrible; dirt and disease probably caused more deaths among the soldiers than did the wounds received in battle. Still, under these circumstances, Florence Nightingale gradually built up a highly disciplined nursing staff and, together with more adequate medical supplies, she was able to improve conditions and be of real service to the soldiers. However, the work was hard, and as a result, her own health suffered. 55. The writer describes a side of Detective Wilsons character which ----. A) B) C) D) E) he thinks is unsuitable for a detective is referred to as a major defect was little known by the general public had a bad effect upon his work eventually led to his downfall
58. One important point the passage makes is that Florence Nightingale ----. A) would have been more efficient if she had had a more qualified nursing staff B) was not liked by the nursing staff because of her harsh disciplines C) hated the terrible conditions in the hospital as she herself had poor health D) failed to improve conditions in the hospital as she herself had poor health E) overcame, with great efficiency, the problems she faced in a military hospital
56. The writer points out that, after a quiet afternoon spent in listening to music, Wilson ----. A) went back to his detective work with greater efficiency B) would lose interest in his professional work C) found himself behaving in an aggressive manner D) wished he didnt have to work in an aggressive manner E) would take up his violin and play some of his own works 59. It is clear from the passage that, because Florence Nightingale was a determined person with a gift for organizing, she ----. A) B) C) D) E) volunteered to serve in the Crimean War was widely criticised by her staff did little nursing herself was able to succeed in her work was selected by the army to work as a nurse in the hospital
57. We can understand from the passage that Wilson was generally regarded as ----. A) B) C) D) being rather unreliable as detectives a man of many and varied talents rather a cruel person, even a wicked one an extremely intelligent detective, and one to be feared E) someone whose behaviour was disliked by many people
60. As the writer points out in the passage, conditions in the military hospital were at the beginning so bad that ----. A) they accounted for more deaths among the soldiers than war itself B) little could be done to improve C) Florence Nightingale felt she had little chance of success D) many of the nursing staff fell ill E) medical supplies soon ran out
30
Skiing is a popular sport, enjoyed by people of all ages. The best skiers, that is, the professionals, have until recently been Europeans. The Austrian, the French, and the Italian have generally been the fastest in international competitions. Recently, however, skiers from other countries have also come to the fore and demonstrated their skills. As a result, interest in a sport has become worldwide, and this has led to highly competitive ski industry. 4. The writer points out that many businessmen----. A) have expected to make their fortune in the Amazon basin, but most of them have been disappointed B) have invested heavily in the Amazon basin and made huge profits C) have followed the example of Henry Ford and started an enterprise in the Amazon basin D) have only been interested in importing rubber, coffee and cocoa from the Amazon basin E) have followed the advice of the Brazilians and become rich The Amazon basin is a huge area in Brazil. It has always attracted businessmen on account of its valuable and rich resources such as rubber, coffee and cocoa. However, it is not easy to make money by starting an enterprise there. As the Brazilian say If you want to succeed, you must believe in the Amazon, and you must be young. Many rich men, including Henry Ford, have poured money into the area and gone away with nothing.
1.
It is clear from the passage that the European ----. A) are determined to improve their skiing skills B) are now losing their head lead in skiing sports C) will soon dominate the ski industry in the world D) regard skiing as the worlds most popular sport E) regret having invested so heavily in the sky industry
5. 2. The writer emphasizes that the development of the ski industry in the world ----. A) owes little to the growing international interest in this sport B) has been fastest in countries outsides Europe C) has been the result of the efforts made by the European professionals D) has been to the benefit of the European countries E) is due to the growing international popularity of skiing as a sport 6.
One can understand from that Amazon basin ----.
A) is producing less and less in the way of raw materials B) still remains a challenge to businessmen and does not give easy profits C) is rich in rubber, coffee and cocoa, but in nothing else at all D) is fast becoming one of the worlds major industrial regions E) no longer welcomes foreign investments
As is understood from the passage that one of the fundamentals that is required from the enterprisers making for the Amazon basin is that----. A) if they are not enough young, it is almost impossible for them to succeed B) they must have the ability to run for their companies perfectly C) all of the should be able to predict some of the recessions in the economy of Brazil D) they must be so careful not spend so extravagantly E) success must be their main goal
3.
According to the passage, as a sport, skiing ----. A) B) C) D) arouses little interest outside Europe is in the hands of professionals only is not confined to any special age group is rapidly becoming too expensive for most people E) originally came into being in Austria
31
Nobody knows when fiction began. Maybe the first story-teller was a prehistoric mother trying to explain the world to her children. Or perhaps it was a hunter telling about his adventures around the camp fire. Who can tell? What we do know, though, is that story-telling was a purely oral activity until around 800 BC. Myths and tales were passed down by word of mouth and had to be memorized by each new generation of story-tellers. This oral tradition only changed when ancient people started to keep written records of certain stories. The earliest surviving examples of these are the epics of Homer, a blind professional story-teller, who lived in the eight century BC. 10. It is pointed out in the passage that the basic new feature of Gutenbergs printing press ----. A) was that all the pages of a book were printed at the same time B) was that it could easily be operated by unskilled women C) was that the printing of books was less costly although it took a long time to do D) was the use of metal letters that could be moved into different positions E) made it possible to print books without any error at all The printing press was invented by Gutenberg in the city of Mainz, in Germany. He built and operated the printing press with movable metal letters. In fact, simple printing methods had existed for centuries, but they had to be done by hand and took a long time. What made Gutenbergs press so different was that the individual letters themselves could quickly and easily be moved to create different pages. This made it possible to print entire books more cheaply and more quickly than ever before.
7.
It is pointed out in the passage that storytelling ----. A) was first introduced by Homer in ancient times B) possibly began in prehistoric times C) began as written activity in antiquity D) became less and less popular during the 8th century BC E) became far more popular with the invention of writing
8.
According to the passage, the Homeric epics ----. A) were among the first stories to be written down B) consisted mainly of myths and other tales C) are the first examples of prehistoric tales and myths D) were not the best of their kind in the 8th century BC. E) have often been imitated successfully in later centuries
11. One understands from the passage that actually, the history of printing ----. A) first begins with Gutenbergs invention B) has always been associated with Germany C) can be traced back well before the time of Gutenberg D) runs parallel to the history of books E) gives less importance to Gutenbergs invention than it deserves
12. It is clear from the passage that the printing technique introduced by Gutenberg ----. 9. We understand from the passage that, throughout the oral tradition, professional story-tellers ----. A) B) C) D) were much respected in primitive societies depended on Homer for their stories were skilful at creating new stories collected the first stories going back to prehistoric times E) used to learn myths and tales by heart A) made printing more complicated and time consuming B) was not as important as it has often been thought C) was not used outside Germany for a long time D) speeded up the printing of books E) adopted the metal letters system of earlier printing methods
32
In many countries in the process of industrialization, overcrowded cities present a major problem. The overpopulation of the towns is mainly caused by the drift of large numbers of people from the rural areas. The only long-term solution is to make life in the rural areas more attractive, which would encourage people to stay there. This could be achieved by providing incentives for people to go and work in the villages. Moreover, facilities in the rural areas, such as transport, health and education services, should be improved. 13. According to the passage, one significant outcome of industrialization has been ----. A) a massive migration from the countryside to cities B) a general improvement in the quality of urban life C) the decline of health services in cities D) the emergence of new cities throughout the country E) an overall increase in the population of the country 16. According to the passage, in the past, education ----. From the beginning of human history, every society has had some way of preparing young people for adult life. Many societies have regarded education as training for work. In many traditional societies children still help the older members of the family in their work and so grow up to do same jobs as their parents. Elsewhere young boys used to be sent away for several years as apprentices to a craftsman to learn his trade. In the modern world, however, the chief aim of education is to stimulate the childs mind and enable him to develop his personality and abilities to their limits.
A) was offered only to adults B) was generally understood as a means of learning a skill C) was strictly confined to the family environment D) was not taken seriously by parents E) didnt relate all to a persons working life
14. The writer points out that one way in which rural life might be made more attractive ----. A) has already been tried namely improved education services B) would be to set up better medical facilities C) has been suggested by those migrating to the towns D) has been regarded by some as a threat to the progress of industrialization E) is likely to prove unpopular among citydwellers 17. The writer points out that, throughout history, in some way or another, ----. A) boys have often managed to avoid work that requires a lot of physical effort B) parents have been reluctant to improve the education of their children C) children have been forced to learn several crafts D) children have been given an education to equip them for the future E) young people have chosen different ways of life from those of their parents
15. The author suggests that, in order to solve the problem of overcrowding in cities, ----. A) health and education services in the cities have to be modernized B) transport facilities have to be renewed completely C) measures should be taken to make the city environment more attractive D) the number of those migrating to the cities should be restricted E) living conditions in the countryside need to be made better and more agreeable
18. One can conclude from the passage that modern education ----. A) is a clear continuation of the practices of earlier times B) is more interested in practical skills than in mental development of any kind C) gives more importance to the development of a childs mind and character than it used to D) does not prepare young people for their future E) puts too much pressure on a child
33
The movement of people from the countryside into the cities naturally causes many problems there. The obvious one is overcrowding, which becomes a heavy burden on schools, hospitals and transport systems. The countryside is also negatively affected. As it is usually the young and the healthy that leave the countryside, this creates a shortage in the workforce for farming and other rural activities. The best solution would clearly be to ensure that rural life has more to offer to the young. Sometime between 3000 and 2000 BC, a great flood occurred in Mesopotamia. This event had such an effect upon the peoples who lived in that area that several flood myths developed. There are many similarities between them. In all of these myths, there is always a leader who is warned to prepare for a flood. The leader builds a ship, stores the necessities of life on board, and so survives the flood. After the flood, the ship lands safely on a mountainside, and the human race continues. There are small differences in the details of myths, of course, but the only important difference is the cause of the flood. In some myths, the flood comes as a punishment from the gods for mans bad behaviour; in others there is no explanation given.
19. The writer clearly points out that, when large numbers of people move from the countryside to the towns, ----. A) it leads to problems on both sides B) there are advantages for everybody C) new hospitals and schools are always provided D) the quality of public transport is improved E) there is work for everybody in country areas
22. As we understand from the passage, the flood that hit ancient Mesopotamia ----. A) put an end to the human race throughout that area B) was regarded by all the survivors as a punishment sent by the gods C) must have greatly affected very many peoples over a very large area D) is not described in any detail in any mythology E) was survived by very few people indeed
20. The writer suggests that, as a result of the movement from the countryside to the cities, the people left behind ----. A) are the ones who genuinely enjoy peace and quiet B) are generally only farm-workers C) lose interest in rural activities D) are mostly the elderly and the weak E) often feel they have been deserted by their young
23. The writer explains that the most striking similarity between the myths of the flood is ----. A) to be found in the small details B) that they all give a clear account of the causes of the flood C) the detailed description made of the amount of damage caused by the flood D) the presence of a wise leader who saves the human race E) the explanation given as to why so few people survived
21. The writer concludes that the movement from the countryside into the cities ----. A) can be prevented by making rural life more attractive for the young B) seems to have slowed down considerably already C) should not be regarded as a serious problem D) is necessary for the increase of the urban work force E) may eventually prove to have been useful to the country as a whole
24. As one can conclude from the passage, if the leader had received no warning of the coming of the flood, ----. A) everyone would have been punished equally by the gods B) people would still have found a way to survive C) Mesopotamia would have disappeared from the face of the earth D) there would have been only one myth made E) he would not have been able to help his people
34
There really is no such thing as Art. There are only artists. Once these were men who took coloured earth and roughed out the forms of animals on the walls of caves. Today they are men who buy their paints, and design advertisements or paint pictures which they hope to sell. There is no harm in calling all these activities art as long as we keep in mind that such a word may mean very different things in different times and places. The seventeenth century was a period of joyful activity of experiment in politics, in religion and in the natural sciences. With the help of the telescope, the skies were examined. With the aid of the microscope doctors learned more about the human body. Investors were busy on a variety of things ranging from more reliable watches to more destructive guns and explosives. For the first time, travellers went to more and more distant places; and traders followed their example. In fact, everyone was doing something new.
25. The writer points out that we cannot ----. A) give a simple single definition of the term Art B) imitate the works of primitive artists C) regard advertisements as works of art D) see any relation between art and trade E) separate art from the routine activities of life
28. According to the passage, it was in the seventeenth century that people ----. A) began to take an interest in trade B) first set out on journeys to far-away countries C) learned how to use watches to tell the time D) suddenly became aware of the importance of trade E) finally began to recognize the advantages of scientific studies
26. One of the main points the writer makes in the passage is that ----. A) the meaning of art changes according to time and place B) cave paintings are more meaningful than a lot of modern pictures C) the designing of advertisements has become a major art activity today D) the practise of art in our times has become increasingly costly E) animals have in all ages been a popular subject for artists
29. The writer points out that, in the seventeenth century ----. A) the world enjoyed a great deal of economic prosperity B) there was little change in political thinking C) religion was almost never the subject of serious debate D) no important progress was made in the sciences E) many useful inventions were made in various fields
27. The writer wants us to accept the idea that primitive cave pictures ----. A) always represent animals in a single colour B) are of a poor colour owing to the use of coloured earth C) have little artistic value for us, but we still feel we ought to preserve them D) are no less works of art than modern paintings and advertisement designs E) were made in a style very similar to that of modern painting
30. The writer seems to suggest that some of the inventions of the seventeenth century ----. A) were obviously ineffective and even useless B) could be used for harmful purposes such as war C) were specially designed to help travellers and traders D) would lead to the discovery of the telescope E) soon went completely out of use
35
By the beginning of the eighteenth century, the population of Tokyo had grown about 1 million, making it the largest city in Japan and one of the most populous in the world. An especially lively section of the city was along the Sumida River, where pleasure boats and parties were common and whose banks were lined with fashionable teahouses. Tea was central to the Japanese not only in their homes, but in the public life as well. In the bustling urban centres of 18th-century Japan, tea houses served a role similar to the one played by coffee houses in Europe which were centres of discussion and entertainment. 31. We learn from the passage that the Sumida River ----. A) separated the poor area of Tokyo from the rich one B) could be dangerous and so boats rarely used it C) ran through one of the most popular parts of eighteenth century Tokyo D) was a busy waterway since it was the commercial centre of the city E) has recently lost its popularity among the people of Tokyo 34. It is pointed out in the passage that Edith Whartons main interest in her novels ----. A) has been to account for the miseries of life B) is to show us how to control our emotions C) is to provide her characters with a convincing historical background D) has been to describe mans emotional life E) has been to emphasize how easily human relationships break down Edit Wharton is perhaps the greatest woman novelist that America has yet produced. Her novels are skilfully constructed and her style is smooth and elegant. Her richest gifts, however, are the result of her fearless search for truth in human relationships. She is largely interested in the emotions we all experience. Her novels record timeless truths; and it is this fact above all that continues to make them meaningful and important.
35. As the writer suggests, one reason why Edith Wharton is so admired in America is ----. A) because her way of writing is particularly easy to understand B) that she has been fearless in describing human selfishness C) because she only writes about matters that concern women D) that she is the first woman novelist to deal with ordinary people E) because she writes with elegance and ease
32. The writer points out that, in the eighteenth century, there was ----. A) an effort among other Japanese cities to imitate the social life of Tokyo B) a sudden increase in the population of Tokyo C) a growing interest among the people of Tokyo in European coffee-houses D) a widespread desire among the young in Japan for all kinds of entertainment E) a great likeness between Japans tea houses and Europes coffee-houses
36. The writer emphasizes that Edith Whartons novels will remain popular ----. 33. We can understand from the passage that no city in eighteenth century Japan----. A) could compete with Tokyos cultural life B) had as many tea-houses as Tokyo had C) had established as many centres of entertainment as Tokyo had D) had as large a population as that of Tokyo E) consumed as much tea as Tokyo did A) even if other women novelists go out of fashion B) because they are about lasting truths C) even though they only deal with American social life D) unless a very new type of novel becomes fashionable E) so long as people read novels
36
The turning point of World War I came sometime in 1916. This was the year of the famous Battle of the Somme. It was also the year when the Liberal Government in Britain was defeated after a crisis in industry and a sudden great rise in prices. Lord Kitchener, the national hero and the one who led the war, was tragically drowned in this same year. Douglas Haig replaced Kitchener as the one to direct military policy, but he never became popular with the people as Kitchener had been, because he seemed coldly indifferent to the fates of the soldiers he commanded. Life on a submarine may, to many people, sound fascinating. However, it is, in fact, horribly boring. Except for the commanding officers, a day aboard a submarine consists of six hours on duty, six hours off, day after day, for months. This being the case, every effort is made to ensure the lives of the men are as pleasant as possible. The meals are exceptionally good, and there is a daily film, shown at a specific time, on television around the submarine. In return, the crew is always expected to perform perfectly all the time. A mistake is quite unforgivable. In fact, a favourite saying is There is room for everything on a submarine except for a 37. According to the passage, it is clear that the year 1916 ----. A) brought the Liberal Government a widespread popularity in the country B) brought Britain and her allies the final victory of the war C) will always be remembered as the year when the British people grew more hopeful D) was the year when Britain suffered many defeats in the war E) was a historic one for Britain for various reasons mistake.
40. We learn from the passage that, contrary to what a lot of people expect, ----. A) life on a submarine is extremely rewarding for the crew B) submarines have every imaginable facility for entertaining the crew C) boredom is a major problem for the crew of a submarine D) there is comparatively little work to be done on a submarine E) the officers on a submarine share the same duties as the other members of a crew
38. The writer suggests that, unlike Lord Kitchener, Douglas Haig ----. A) really had all the qualities required of a military commander B) soon became a war hero for his country C) showed no sympathy for the soldiers under his command D) was highly qualified and experienced in military matters E) gave much importance to gaining popularity among the people
41. The writer of the passage emphasises that, on a submarine, ----. A) there is every opportunity for officers to have a pleasant life B) every member of the crew helps to prepare the meals C) everyone works six hours a day D) life never gets boring for the crew E) everything is to be done faultlessly
39. The writer points out that the Liberal Government in Britain lost power ----. A) because the economic situation took a serious turn B) since so many soldiers had died in the Battle of the Somme C) a very short time after Lord Kitchener was drowned in a very tragic way D) even though a change of government is damaging in time of war E) as a result of the military policies it had introduced
42. It is clear from the passage that it is almost impossible ----. A) to make life aboard a submarine fully fascinating B) for officers to establish a friendship with other members of the crew C) for everyone to be aware of night and day D) for the commanding officers to make a mistake E) for any member of the crew to be on duty more than six hours
37
As Orson Welles said: to practise his art, a poet needs a pen, and a painter a brush. But a filmmaker needs an army of actors, actresses and support staff. Orson Welles learned the hard way that all this costs a fortune. Few film directors are rich enough to finance their own films, and even fewer have the desire to take such a risk. Therefore, directors are dependent on film studios for the financing of their films. This has caused a certain tension between directors and film studios because film studios use their money to try to control the films they finance. If a film, while it is being made, starts to become too expensive, the studio has to make a choice; it must either cancel the making of the film or lose all the money already invested in it, or go on investing heavily and hope the film will really be a great success. Some 130 million years ago, a spike-backed dinosaur walked heavily through the wilderness of what came to be Australia, and left its footprints as a gift for the future. They were the worlds best impressions of a dinosaurs two-ton footfalls. When they were found seven years ago in a remote valley in northern Australia, they provided scientists with the first clear evidence that dinosaurs had lived in Australia. This discovery provided further evidence that Australia was once joined to a vast supercontinent that included what is now South America, Africa, India and Antarctica.
46. It is clear from the passage that, millions of years ago, Australia ----. A) was undoubtedly the only suitable place in the world for the survival of dinosaurs B) was almost certainly not, as it is today, a separate continent C) was, for the first time, inhabited by a large variety of dinosaurs D) was for the most part a wilderness where no living being could survive E) with its geography and climate resemble South America and Africa
43. It is suggested in the passage that filmmaking ----. A) involves a series of problems, one of which is the casting of actors and actresses B) is extremely expensive when compared with other forms of art C) is a business which depends more on finance than on talent D) is an industry which is almost always financially successful E) aims at making a good profit rather than giving entertainment
47. The passage makes it clear that the dinosaur footprints discovered in Australia in recent years ---. A) are the same as those also found in south America, Africa, India and Antarctica B) have little attracted many a scientists interested in the distant past of the continent C) could only have been made by dinosaurs weighing a lot more than two tons D) are in surprisingly good condition although millions of years have passed since they were made E) have made scientists revise the most recent theories concerning dinosaurs
44. According to the passage, film studios and directors often disagree ----. A) over the choice and number of actors, actresses and support-staff each film B) over whether a film is likely to succeed and make a profit C) since each is always dependent upon the other for success D) because a studio wont always allow a director to do what he wants to do E) even though there is no financial problem facing them 45. It is pointed in the passage that, so long as there is a chance for a film to be truly successful, ----. A) directors and studios will have no excuse for any disagreements B) some directors may choose to finance their films themselves C) other studios will gladly pour in more money in the hope of making vary high profits D) actors and actresses will perform to the best of their ability E) the studio will often be prepared to put more money into the making of it
48. One reason why the discovery in Australia of the dinosaurs footprints is so important is that ----. A) previously, no on knew for certain whether this country had ever been inhabited by dinosaurs B) contrary to the popular view, this continent had always been a vast wilderness C) until this discovery, nothing was known about the early climate of this continent D) presumably, they will provide clues for future geological changes in this continent E) up to this point, no one knew for sure that dinosaurs could weigh two tons
38
For most people, being a member of a large family is sometimes hard. Usually there isnt enough money, so everyone has to do without various things. There are, however, certain advantages than disadvantages. The other day I saw a family setting off on a day out. The parents, who looked remarkably young themselves, were carrying various bags. The biggest child, who was perhaps fifteen, carried a football. His sister, perhaps two years younger, carried what looked like the family lunch. The four smaller children also had things to carry. The youngest of them carried a toy bear that was almost as big as her. The family was catching a bus and looked so contented. I wished I could have gone with them wherever they were going. 52. As it is pointed out in the passage, both in Mary Barton and in North and South, Mrs. Gaskell ----. A) is mainly concerned with the conditions of working life in the industrial north of England B) tells the tragic story of a young country girl called Margaret Hale C) compares the working conditions of men and women in southern England D) failed to capture the interest of readers in her time E) shows how the conditions of the English working class were improving in the nineteenth century 53. We understand from the passage that the manner in which Mrs. Gaskell approached the working conditions of her time, ----. A) is generally regarded now as being unfair B) was disliked by her readers C) was more critical in Mary Barton than in North and South D) was not one-sided E) was not based on facts 54. We learn from the passage that Mrs. Gaskell uses the story of Margaret Hale to ----. 51. From the passage we can conclude that the narrator ----. A) himself comes from a large family B) is very critical of large families C) is more interested in the parents than in the children D) feels sorry because the children have all got things to carry E) seems to favour large families A) show how the living conditions in the north were far better than those in the south B) illustrate the differences between the north and south of England C) draw attention to the special problems of young women in nineteenth-century England D) tell the story of her own life in Manchester E) stress that there were good working opportunities for the young in the north of England Mrs. Gaskell was a nineteenth-century English novelist. She wrote social novels, the most famous of which were Mary Barton and North and South. The first, which is set in Manchester, an industrial city in the north of England, vividly describes the terrible conditions of the working class, which she knew at considerable impression upon readers in nineteenth century England. The other novel, North and South, contrasts two regions of England, through its heroine Margaret Hale, who leaves southern England to live in the industrial north. Both these novels present a balanced view of social problems of this period of English history.
49. It is clear from the passage that the family described here ----. A) B) C) D) E) isnt used to going out for the day like this very rarely has a day out together seldom takes a bus at weekends is clearly a very rich one knows how to share its duties
50. We understand from the passage that, although these parents have six children, ----. A) they spend very little time with them B) they dont really seem to care about them C) they are reluctant to spend much money on them D) it seems that life has not aged them E) it is the four smaller ones that they are most fond of
39
John Steinbeck grew up in California and went to university there, and studied marine biology. He worked at various jobs before he rose to fame in the 1930s with his novels about farm workers. In his novels, his approach is realistic and he shows a great deal of sympathy for his characters that are mostly poor and oppressed. We see this in The Grapes of Wrath, which is one of his best-known novels, and has been made into a film and also staged in the theatre. Reading on the paper is so much a part of our lives that it is hard to imagine anything could ever replace the printed books we are used to. Before printed books came in, books had to be copied by hand; this was obviously a slow process and very expensive. Once Gutenberg had invented an economical way to make movable letters in the 15th century, it became possible to produce reading material quickly, comparatively cheaply and in large quantities. Since then, the printed word has become a permanent part of our everyday lives. So, how could anyone believe that sales of electronic books 55. We learn from the passage that Steinbeck ----. A) was primarily concerned in his writings with the problems American society was facing in the 1930s B) wrote only one major novel, which is The Grapes of wrath C) used California as the setting for all his works D) wrote almost all of his major works during the 1930s E) was originally trained as a scientist, but he turned to literature will equal those of paper books within a decade or so? Still, some people think that they will. 58. The passage puts forward the idea that, even though the printed book continues to be popular, ----. A) it will soon be completely replaced by the electronic book B) the electronic book may well be on its way in C) it is no longer as popular as it used to be D) fewer books are being sold than formerly E) compared with the electronic book, it is very expensive
56. We understand from the passage that the people Steinbeck describes in his novels ----. A) usually have a background of economic and social hardship B) do not really represent the agricultural community of California C) work in a wide variety of jobs in California D) are on the whole content with the kind of life they have E) fail to arouse the readers sympathy
59. In the passage the author suggests that, in spite of technological advances, some people ----. A) are dissatisfied at the rising pieces of printed books B) still regard Gutenberg as the leading figure in the book technology C) will be reluctant to give up on the printed book and turn to the electronic one D) find it difficult to buy the kind of book they are looking for E) realise that books published in our time are not as well-made as those in the past 60. It is clear from the passage that Gutenbergs invention of the printing press ----. A) was the only major technological advance in the 15th century B) did not have any noticeable effect upon the prices of books C) did not put end to the practice of copying books by hand D) failed to spread the love of reading among ordinary people E) increased the speed at which books could be produced
57. It is clear from the passage that Steinbecks famous novel The Grapes of Wrath, ----. A) was, much to the surprise of Steinbeck himself, an immediate success B) was only popular as a book and as a film, during 1930s C) was adapted for the stage, but enjoyed little success in the theatre D) has appealed not only to the general reader, but also to film and stage directors E) has had a lasting effect on its readers, though it is the last realistic
40
New Guinea is home to some of the worlds strangest creatures. For instance, there is a special species of kangaroo that lives in trees. There are also lizards that are five metres long, and butterflies that are as big as dinner plates. New Guinea is an island hardly any larger than the state of Texas, but it has as many as bird species as are to be found, for example, in the whole of North America. This is partly due to the fact that it has largely remained isolated from the rest of the world. But it is also due to the fact that it has an incredible variety of ecological features, ranging from tropic rain forests to glaciers. The origins of biography are to be found in early legendary accounts of the Greek, Germanic and Celtic heroes. Another early type of biography is the records of the teaching and deeds of wise men. The accounts of the life and teaching of Socrates given by Plato and Xenophon may be regarded as a development of this kind of record. The interest of the Socratic dialogues of Plato is philosophic rather than biographical, but the Memorabilia of Xenophon, though not a biography in the modern sense of the word, comprises a series of sketches of the great philosopher with intimacy and vividness. The first European author, remembered primarily as a biographer, is Plutarch, a Greek philosopher who lived under the Roman Empire. His Parallel Lives of the ancient Greek and Roman statesmen and soldiers is one of the most fascinating works of antiquity and influential in the European biographical tradition. Moreover, he seems to have been the first author to distinguish sharply between biography and history.
1.
We learn from the passage that New Guinea ----. A) has actually fewer bird species than it formerly had B) is in many respects very similar to Texas C) owes its characteristic physical features to glaciers D) is an island with a remarkable range of climatic features E) is gradually increasing its contacts with North America
4.
It is pointed out in the passage that the first true example of biography in the modern sense is to be found in ----. A) B) C) D) E) the stories of Greek and other heroes Xenophons Memorabilia Ancient legends Platos dialogues Plutarchs Parallel Lives
2.
According to the passage, kangaroos that live in trees ----. 5. A) are very commonly to be seen in rain forests everywhere B) are only on the increase in New Guinea C) are just one of example of the odd creatures to be found in New Guinea D) are a threat to the bird population of New Guinea E) are considerably smaller than the average kangaroo According to the passage, Platos account of Socrates, unlike the one given by Xenophon, ----. A) is very critical of the great philosopher B) puts the emphasis on the philosophy of Socrates C) is full of fascinating details about the life of Socrates D) was the model of for Plutarch when he wrote his Parallel Lives E) is commonly regarded as the first important example of biographical writing 6. A) that the climatic conditions of the island are suitable for rain forests B) the fact that many migrate there for the winter from North America C) that the island is a protected environment, and new species are constantly being taken there D) that this island has mostly been cut off from the rest of the world E) the fact that there is very little else of interest regarding wildlife We understand from the passage that, in his Parallel Lives, Plutarch ----. A) is primarily concerned with the portrayal of people themselves, but not the events of their times B) concentrates on life and society in ancient Rome C) gives priority to statesmen rather than to soldiers D) includes his own philosophy of life in his accounts of the lives of others E) compares the Greek and Roman attitudes towards politics and military affairs
3.
The writer points out that one of the reasons why there are very many different kinds of birds in New Guinea is ----.
41
When you pick up something that is very hot, you usually drop it immediately. You do not have to think about it and decide to drop it. You just drop it. However, you do have to think about some actions. For example, you might decide to walk to school instead of taking the bus. You think about it and decide to do it. Actions like this, that you choose to make, are called voluntary actions. But actions that you make without having to think about them, such as dropping a hot object, are called involuntary actions. More and more people have started to worry about the effect of television on the generations of children who have grown up with it. Recent studies suggest that television has a negative effect on a childs creative imagination. Indeed, some teachers have found that some children cannot understand even a simple story if there are no pictures to help. But perhaps the most worrying result concerns violence. So much violence on the television screen means that children start to regard violence in real life as normal, so they accept it in others and in themselves.
7.
The passage concentrates on ----. A) what one should do in a dangerous situation B) the fact that human beings seldom react instantly when they face danger C) two main groups of human actions D) different reactions to hot objects E) decision-making
10. According to the passage, the damaging effects of television on children ----. A) have generally been exaggerated by the public B) could be lessened if parents took a more constructive attitude C) are confined solely to an increase in violence D) have seldom been seriously considered by teachers E) are already causing much concern among a growing number of people
8.
According to the passage, by involuntary actions is meant an action ----. A) B) C) D) E) which follows a long process of thinking that doesnt take place fairly quickly which is the result of a choice made in which no thinking at all is involved that is immediately followed by a series of other actions
11. It is understood from the passage that television ----. A) is at last beginning to show some concern about its effects on children B) no longer shows as much violence as it used to do C) has made children rely too much on visual aids to understanding D) helps children to understand stories in a more creative manner E) is being used most effectively by teachers as a teaching aid
9.
According to the passage, if one thinks about something and comes to a decision about what to do, ----. A) the action that results is called a voluntary action B) this is what is often called a reflex action C) this means ones reflex actions are strong D) one is not likely to change ones mind E) the likelihood is that a wrong action is almost impossible
12. We understand from the passage that violence on television ----. A) should be restricted to adult viewers only B) gives children the impression that it is a natural way of life C) should be presented as undesirable behaviour D) has caused a great deal of unnecessary alarm in society E) is permissible so long as it become an emotional outlet for children
42
The job of check-in clerks at any airport is not a particularly interesting or satisfying one. They simply have to check the tickets of passengers, and take their luggage. The work is mechanical, repetitive and very tiring. The only variation in the routine occurs when things go wrong when flights are delayed or when they are cancelled due to such things as bad weather, strikes or technical problems. Then, the check-in clerks have to face the angry passengers though the fault is not theirs and they can do nothing to put things right. 16. According to the passage, Berliozs family ----. A) wanted him to study medicine in Paris B) recognized his musical talent while he was still quite young C) supported him financially when he was studying at the conservatoire in Paris D) arranged for him to take private lessons in music E) was very pleased when their son changed from medicine to music The French composer Hector Berlioz was the outstanding representative of romanticism in music. The son of a country doctor, he was sent in 1822 to attend the medical school in Paris. Though musically quite uneducated, he had already conceived a passion for music. Therefore, he soon threw up his medical studies, whereupon his allowance was stopped by his family, and after a short period of private lessons, he was admitted to the conservatoire in 1823. Berlioz was a typical romantic; he was also a great admirer of both Shakespeare and Beethoven and they were both important in the development of his taste.
13. We understand from the passage that the work a check-in clerk does ----. A) is always greatly appreciated by the passengers B) varies greatly from day to day which makes it more enjoyable C) requires a great deal of skill and creativity D) involves very little contact with passengers E) is both tedious and exhausting
17. The author points out that the contribution Berlioz made to ----. 14. According to the passage, a number of reasons may lead to ----. A) passengers wishing to change the dates of their flights B) a strike among the check-in clerks C) the postponement or cancellations of flights D) the loss of the luggage passengers E) overcrowding at airports A) teaching methods in music has always been appreciated by other musicians B) the progress of medicine in France was exceptional C) the musical activities of the conservatoire was significant D) the romantic movement in music was unsurpassed E) the well-being of his family has always been underestimated
15. It is pointed out in the passage that when serious problems affecting flights arise at airports, ----. A) passengers usually wait patiently for the situation to improve B) it is the check-in clerks who encounter the protesting passengers C) passengers are immediately notified by check-in clerks D) it is the primary responsibility of check-in clerks to solve them E) check-in clerks are required to explain, in details, what has caused them
18. As we understand from the passage, as a romantic composer, Berlioz ----. A) created a style which excelled that of Shakespeare and Beethoven in poetic power B) was indifferent to the works of Shakespeare and Beethoven C) was greatly influenced by Shakespeare and Beethoven D) studied both Shakespeare and Beethoven in order to revive romanticism E) preferred Shakespeares manner of presentation to that of Beethoven
43
Einstein developed his famous theory of relativity shortly after 1900. It was an enormous improvement over Newtons views, since it explained many things that Newton couldnt. It showed the close connection between space, time and gravity. And it led to surprising predictions. One of them was that matter and energy could be changed into each other. The two are simply different forms of the same thing. This idea enabled man to split the atom and later to obtain large amounts of nuclear energy. Of all Jane Austens novels, Pride and Prejudice is probably the best-known and the most-loved. This may be partly because it has been filmed several times, but more important is the fact that the characters in it are so real and alive. They are also extremely attractive, in spite of their faults. Perhaps they are attractive because of their faults, for their faults make them amusing to the reader. It would not be at all pleasant to have a mother as lacking in sense as Mrs Bennet is or an aunt as confident of herself and as insensitive to the feelings of others 19. As we learn from the passage, Einsteins theory of relativity ----. A) was confined to the study of the structure of the atom B) gave clarity to various phenomena that Newton had failed to explain C) gave very little importance to the role of gravity in the universe D) was developed, in the first place, to open up new sources of energy E) was basically unrelated to Newtons theories as Lady Catherine is. But, as they are at a safe distance from us, these and other terrible characters give the novel much colour and variety.
22. According to the passage, the most likely reason for the popularity of Pride and Prejudice is ----. A) the characters, who delight the reader with their vitality and life-like portrayal B) that the films made of it have been very well produced C) that the bad characters get punished and the good ones rewarded D) the comic attitude to life that it expresses E) the simple style in which it is written
20. According to the passage, it was at about the turn of the 20th century that ---. A) the splitting of the atom was achieved B) fresh sources of energy were discovered C) the relativity theory was first put forward by Einstein D) time and space were finally recognized as indestructible E) Newtons theory of gravity was recognized as correct in all respects
23. The point is made in the passage that in real life ----. A) a persons faults neednt disturb us if we dont get too intimate with that person B) a persons faults are less noticeable than they are in a novel C) one usually forgives the faults of ones own family D) a persons faults may annoy us whereas in a novel the same faults may amuse us E) its best to ignore peoples faults but in a novel its best to enjoy them
21. We understand from the passage that one of the benefits of Einsteins relativity theory ----. A) was to show the potential danger of the splitting of the atom B) has been to make space explanation possible in our time C) was that it proved Newtons views were quite wrong D) was to explain the separateness of matter and energy E) has been the discovery of a new source of energy
24. It is clear from the passage that Lady Catherine ----. A) B) C) D) E) and Mrs Bennet are extremely good friends has constantly hurt Mrs Bennets feelings cares for no one but herself is the main character in Pride and Prejudice is definitely the worst character in the novel
44
The Lovell Telescope is the worlds oldest and most sensitive radio telescope. It consists of a giant white dish supported at a great height on a large and complicated structure of steel. The telescope can pick up signals in the universe that are 10 billion light years away. And so it is truly extraordinary. The steel structure that carries it, however, has the usual and very ordinary disadvantage of being liable to rust. This of course means that it has to be painted regularly. Painting this, however, is not an ordinary or a simple task. The men who do the painting are given a special training which includes rescue work. As they do the painting, the men work from ropes as this is the method which has been found to be the safest way of working at a height. Before leaving for school at noon, Nelson Carvalho, a seven-year child, living on a small island off West Africa, happily feeds and waters the pigs and goats, the cow and the donkey. He fetches drinking water from the source, a 20-minute walk down a sandy path and up a steep hill, carrying a 5-litre jar on his head. He might help his grandmother too. Afterwards, he will walk barefoot for nearly an hour among the rocky hills, under the blazing sun, before sitting down, tired out, at his desk at the school. A glass of milk and a dried pear gives him back his energy and gets him ready for lessons. Before leaving school in mid-afternoon, he will be given a bowl of rice and chicken, or a rich soup. Every school child on the island like Nelson Carvalho is given a hot meal and a snack provided by the World Food Programme, every day, six days a week.
25. It is pointed out in the passage that the Lovell Telescope ----. 28. From the passage we learn about ----. A) only picks up signals effectively when the angle of the dish is in line with them B) can pick up signals that are an immense distance away C) is no longer the worlds most sensitive radio telescope D) does not need to be supported at a great height in order to function efficiently E) is old and so less efficient than it used to be A) the education of poor children in West Africa B) the working conditions of people on a poor African island C) a typical day in the life of a child on an island off West Africa D) the interesting customs and activities of island children close to West Africa E) the traditional food given to children on an African island
26. Its clear from the passage that the steel structure supporting the Lovell Telescope ----. A) should have been given a less complicated design B) turned out to be more expensive than had been estimated C) has to be replaced completely at regular intervals D) presents a serious maintenance problem E) has to be painted at least once a year
29. It is clear from the passage that the boy Nelson ----. A) is not at all interested in his school work B) spends a great deal of time each day walking over difficult ground C) dislikes doing all the jobs they make him do on the farm D) lives with his grandmother who has no one but him to help her E) is only going to school because he wants to have a better life in the future
27. It is clear from the passage that the work of painting the steel structure of this telescope ----. A) requires special skills and is also comparatively dangerous B) is quite straightforward once the method has been learned C) requires the removal of the dish D) is relatively easy but extremely boring E) can be done by anyone who knows how to paint
30. From the passage, it is clear that the boy Nelson constantly needs energy-giving foods ----. A) though the World Food Programme does not realize this B) such as his grandmother provides for him C) in order to protect him from various diseases D) because of the hard physical life he leads E) though these are almost impossible to get on this poor island
45
In one part of the Nairobi National Park there is a nursery for baby elephants whose mothers have been killed. There are at least two African keepers for each baby elephant, and a strong feeling of love soon develops between them. The keepers spend all day out in the park with the young elephants, helping them to learn which foods are best to eat and to become confident among the sounds and smells of nature just as their natural mothers would have done. Each evening they return to the nursery. And, after a feed of milk, the young elephants settle down beside their favourite keepers and presently fall asleep. 31. From the passage, it is quite obvious that the keepers described ----. A) are responsible for all the nurseries throughout the Nairobi National Park B) are somewhat indifferent to the needs of the baby elephants C) are over-worked because they have to look after so many baby elephants D) actually know little about elephants and their environment E) have taken over the role of mother elephants for the baby elephants 34. It is pointed out in the passage that in the age of Galileo, ----. A) medicine was the most popular subject taught at the universities B) most Italian noblemen felt it was necessary to employ a musician C) mathematics was, for the first time, regarded as the key to an understanding of nature D) all physicists rejected the idea that the planets could move in orbits E) the Duke of Tuscany was by far the most influential nobleman in Italy Born in Pisa on 15 February 1564, Galileo was the son of a court musician to the Duke of Tuscany. At the age of 17, he entered the University of Pisa to study medicine, at his fathers insistence. But Galileo secretly attended lectures given by Ostilio Ricci, court mathematician, and heard of a revolutionary idea: that mathematics could explain natural phenomena like the movement of the planets. This hardly seems surprising today, but back in the 16th century most academics insisted that all knowledge about the cosmos came from one source: the Greek philosopher Aristotle.
32. We understand from the passage that, in this nursery, baby elephants ----. A) are not only fed but also helped to adapt themselves to the natural environment B) spend a good part of each day exploring the park by themselves C) are looked after by keepers because the mother elephants have deserted them D) take a very long time to get used to their keepers and trust them E) are rarely treated as well as they ought to be
35. It is clear from the passage that, even though Galileo was supposed to be studying medicine, ----. A) he followed his fathers advice and took courses in mathematics B) it was mathematics that really interested him C) he spent a great deal of time studying Aristotles philosophy D) he soon discovered that this was not well taught at the University of Pisa E) he would much rather have been a musician like his father
33. One can conclude from the details given in the passage that the job the keepers do ----. A) is largely concerned with feeding and physical exercising B) is an easy one, but extremely boring C) requires a period of thorough training in veterinary skills D) requires a deep understanding of the nature and needs of baby elephants E) cannot compare at all with the way a mother elephant brings up her baby
36. We understand from the passage that the ideas of Aristotle ----. A) were still usually accepted as completely true in the 16th century B) were still regarded as revolutionary in the th 16 century th C) suddenly came back into favour in the 16 century D) regarding the cosmos, were surprisingly accurate E) were all based on mathematical principles
46
The fairy stories of the Danish writer Hans Christian Andersen were not written only to entertain; they all have a moral, or a message, or at least put forward a serious idea. These ideas, however, are always very simple, so even quite small children can understand them and enjoy them. Andersen often presents opposites such as good and evil, truth and falsehood, or appearance and reality. We see this last contrast in the story of The Ugly Duckling. To the ducks, he appeared ugly. But the reality was he grew up to be a beautiful swan. This is another characteristic of the stories: they offer hope. The future may be so much better than the present. Most of the tales had been told to children before being written down, so they have a natural, easy, oral style which makes them very successful among children in all countries. A group of biologists studying the habits of chimpanzees around the Koba National Park made a surprising discovery. There was plenty of water available for them in the pools left in river beds, but these animals always liked to dig their own pools by hand or with the help of sticks. As a result the water they drank had been filtered through the sand and so contained none of the disease-carrying substances normally to be found in water that is not moving. In fact, they were drinking clear water.
37. It is clear from the passage that, though Andersen wrote his stories for children, ----. A) it is only the children of his own country, Denmark, who really enjoy them B) they are mostly too complex for children to understand C) they all say something worth saying D) there is a great deal in them that children cannot understand or enjoy E) they are only really popular among adults
40. As it is pointed out in the passage, water ----. A) is responsible for more diseases than most people think B) must always be filtered through sand to make it drinkable C) is hard to find at certain times of the year D) that isnt moving is likely to contain harmful substances E) is of no importance to chimpanzees
38. According to the passage, one idea that is often found in Andersens stories is that ----. A) children should be taught how to protect wild life B) evil and falsehood will be punished C) one should not look for happiness and entertainment in life D) appearances are not important and should be disregarded E) one can always hope that good times will follow bad ones
41. It is clear from the passage that there was plenty of water readily available for the chimpanzees to drink ----. A) in the small pools formed in river beds B) in all areas of the Koba National Park C) but they preferred river water as it was always moving and so clean D) but sometimes this water made them ill E) though they had to be taught how to dig holes to get it
39. We understand from the passage that the style of these stories ----. A) is so heavy that very few children can enjoy them B) is ideally suited to children C) is extremely simple, but most of the ideas are not D) is so complex that a majority of children find it very hard to follow them E) changes so often that the stories become difficult to read
42. The research team of the passage was surprised to learn that the chimpanzees ----. A) never allowed anyone near their water pools B) could dig a hole in any part of the Koba National Park C) were very careful not to waste water D) had found a way of getting clean water E) dug holes to get water if there was none left in the rivers
47
The first question to ask about fiction is: Why bother to read it? With life as short as it is, with so many pressing demands on our time, with books of information, instruction and discussion waiting to be read, why should we spend precious time on works of fiction? The eternal answers to this question are two: enjoyment and understanding. Since the invention of language, men have taken pleasure in following and participating in the imaginary adventures and imaginary experiences of imaginary people. Whatever serves to make life less tedious, to make the hours pass more quickly and pleasurably, surely needs nothing else to recommend it. Enjoyment is the first aim and justification of reading fiction. Space camps are a response to the rapidly expanding discovery of space and to the fascination with the unknown which is such a deeply ingrained aspect of human nature. The birth of the space camp project, designed to educate young people about space, goes back to the year 1982. With the support of NASA, the camps aim to teach young people about the latest space technology and sciences in an entertaining atmosphere. They are Americas most popular educational centres. Dr Werner von Braun, the scientist celebrated as the father of the Saturn V rocket, which carried the first manned flight to the moon, was the first person to put forward the idea of space camps. 46. We understand from the passage that the main reason why space camps are set up is to ----. A) help improve NASAs injured public image B) promote the scientific activities undertaken by NASA C) encourage young people to consider making a career for themselves in space sciences D) spread among young people Dr Werner von Brauns theories concerning space E) give youngsters an opportunity to enjoy learning about space and related scientific activities
43. One point emphasized in the passage is that ----. A) life, since it is short, shouldnt be wasted in trivial reading B) informative books, as opposed to fiction, are what one should read C) non-fictional books are the only ones worth reading D) the reading of fiction provides people with a great deal of enjoyment E) through fiction our knowledge of other people is distorted
47. As it is pointed out in the passage ----. 44. According to the passage, fiction has, from very early times, ----. A) always been regarded as superior to other kinds of writing B) usually been limited to the description of human adventures C) been regarded as harmful to the development of man D) been a reliable source for the instruction of man E) had a great appeal for man A) mans knowledge of space grew immensely with the landing on the moon B) space camps were set up as soon as space exploration began C) the exploration of space has revealed nearly all the secrets of the universe D) man has always felt attracted to the unfamiliar and the unexplored, such as space E) the Saturn V rocket has been used for various purposes in the exploration of space
45. In the passage, books ----. A) that deal with imaginary situations are considered to be a waste of time B) that give us information are regarded as the best kind C) are divided into two main kinds: fictional and non-fictional D) that deal with human experiences are classed as books of instruction E) are regarded merely as a means to make time pass enjoyably
48. As is pointed out in the passage, the person who first suggested the establishment of space camps ----. A) was also responsible for sending the first astronauts to the moon B) had himself always been fascinated by space C) was actually little known until the first moon landing D) had been working for NASA since the early 1980s E) had always stressed that the education of young
48
Roses are the oldest source of perfume. Ancient documents mention rose oil, which is the strongest form of this scent, and in The Iliad Homer relates how Aphrodite rubbed Hectors dead body with rose oil. What was meant by rose oil in these texts was not what we mean by this term today, since we learn from Hippocrates that it was obtained by stirring rose petals into hot olive oil. The method of extracting essential oil of roses was not discovered until much later. The most delightful story told of the discovery of the essential oil relates to the Emperor Jahangir (1569-1627), who is said to have had distilled rose water poured into channels in the extensive garden of his palace so that the air was filled with this beautiful scent. Laughters social role is definitely important. Todays children may be heading for a whole lot of social ills because their play and leisure time is so isolated and they lose out on lots of chances for laughter. When children stare at computer screens, rather than laughing with each other, they get so involved that they forget to laugh at all; this is contrary to what is natural for them. Natural social behaviour in children is playful behaviour, and in such situations laughter indicates that make believe aggression is just fun, not serious. This is an important way in which children form positive emotional ties, gain new social skills and generally start to move from childhood to adulthood. Parents need to be very careful to ensure that their children play in groups and laugh more.
52. The passage emphasizes the point that ----. 49. We learn from the passage that rose oil ----. A) as we know it today is the same as that mentioned in early texts B) was, according to Hippocrates, made by mixing rose petals into hot olive oil C) cannot be extracted with the use of olive oil D) is now unimportant in the perfume industry E) only became popular in the time of the Emperor Jahangir A) children need to take part in group activities B) children seem to have grown more aggressive since the computer entered their lives C) the computer helps speed up a childs emotional development D) computer games have a beneficial effect on social behaviour E) laughter does not often have a social role
50. Its clear from the passage that the Emperor Jahangir ----. A) followed the method of Hippocrates in the making of rose oil B) helped to develop the process of distilling rose water C) extended his garden so that more roses could be grown D) learned about rose oil from his readings of Homer E) liked the luxury of filling his garden with rose scent
53. As we learn from the passage, one of the drawbacks of computers for children is that ----. A) there is almost no difference between leisure time and school time B) children get no pleasure out of their computers C) a great deal of time is wasted D) computers tend to make children isolated and less sociable E) they make the activities of children and adults too much alike
51. It is clear from the passage that the use of rose oil ----. A) B) C) D) began with the Emperor Jahangir was first introduced by Aphrodite was originally reserved for the dead goes back to mythological times and stories of gods and goddesses E) was restricted to the wealthy and the powerful
54. According to the passage, children need to laugh ----. A) otherwise they will become ill-balanced adults and isolate themselves from others B) especially when they are not involved in group activities C) and computer games can provide the opportunity D) and usually manage to do so even when they are being really aggressive E) because this helps them to form relationships with others and grow up emotionally
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On the third day of the New Year newspapers began to report that strange things were starting to happen in the heavens, and everyone grew excited. A Planetary Collision, one London paper headed the news, and proclaimed that a strange new planet would probably collide with Neptune. The leader writers of various other newspapers enlarged upon the topic. As a result, in most of the capitals of the world, on January 3rd, there was an expectation, however vague, of some approaching phenomenon in the sky; and as the night followed the sunset round the globe, thousands of people turned their eyes skyward to see. Contrary to what they had expected, nothing more exciting than the old familiar stars just as they had always been. Hector Hugh Munro was born in Burma, the son of a police inspector-general. His mother died when he was two, and he was sent home to Scotland to live with relatives. His formal education ended with grammar school, but his father tutored him on extensive travels. In 1893, his father got him a post with the Burma police, but his delicate health forced his return to Britain. There he took up a career in writing, and it was while doing political sketches for The Westminster Gazette that he adopted the penname of Saki. After serving for a time as a foreign correspondent for The Morning Post, he returned to London to devote himself to the writing of stories and novels. When World War I began, he enlisted as an ordinary soldier in the army and was unfortunately killed in action in 1916.
55. As it is clear from the passage, all that anyone saw on the night of January 3rd was ----. A) the familiar stars shining with extraordinary brightness B) the collision of Neptune with a new planet C) the usual night sky D) an unknown planet passing close to Neptune E) what they interpreted as the birth of a new planet
58. We understand from the passage that Munros father ----. A) contributed a great deal to his sons education B) did not want his son to work in Burma C) was one of the founders of the Burmese police force D) was a great traveller himself and encouraged his son to follow his example E) tried to persuade his son not to join the army in World War I
56. We understand from the passage that there was a great deal of excitement everywhere ----. A) because an unknown planet had been detected from various parts of the world B) as soon as the new planet approached Neptune C) even before the planetary collision took place D) when newspapers announced that a collision of two planets was to be expected E) as many phenomena had been observed rd in the skies on January 3
59. It is pointed out in the passage that Munro ----. A) commanded a unit of troops in World War I B) adapted himself well to the climatic conditions of Burma C) disappointed his father with his decision to return to England D) was not only a journalist but also a writer of fiction E) chose the name Saki because it was an easy name for his readers to remember
57. One can conclude from the passage that the whole affair of planets colliding ----. A) aroused little interest among the people in the world B) was based on scientific facts and observations C) was all imaginary, and made up by the newspapers D) was apparently only of interest to the newspapers E) was the reason why so many people panicked
60. According to the passage, Munro, before he became a writer, ----. A) worked as a journalist to cover events of World War I B) spent all his time in Scotland with relatives C) travelled very little, but read extensively D) enjoyed exceptionally good health E) served, for some time, as a policeman
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READING COMPREHENSION READING COMPREHENSION -ANSWER KEY1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 B C D A D B C B A E C D E C D A D B A D E D C C C E D D B A D A D A B C C A C D 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 E B A E D A A E D C A E B B E D B C C D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 D E B A C D B A E E C D E C C B E C E B C A C B E D A D D C A E C A B D A C E D 2 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 D A E A B C A D C B B A E A B D E C C A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 C B A D C A D C D B A B E C B E C D C B C D A C E D B B A D B E D B B D E D A B 3 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 E D C D A B D E B A C D C B C A D E D A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 B E C A E B B A E D C D A B E B D C A D A C D E A A D B E E C C D D E B E C A C 4 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 E A B D E B D A E D E A D B E A D B C E 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 D C D E B B C D A E C B E C B A D C B C E A D C B D A C B D E A D C B A C E B D 5 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 A D D E C E D A B E D A D E C D C A D E
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READING COMPREHENSION

READING COMPREHENSION TEST 1

52. It is obvious from the passage that Mary ----.

59. Everybody ----.

The passage is about ----.

It is not very often that ----.

22. In the passage it is explained that ----.

One can understand from that Amazon basin ----.

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