Active-Passive

ACTIVE-PASSIVE (ETKEN-EDLGEN) Trkede kullandmz etken-edilgen yapdr. Trkede olduu gibi ngilizcede de bu yap ok sk kullanlr. Active (etken) cmle, cmlede ii yapann belli olduu cmlelerdir. rnek: She wrote a letter. O bir mektup yazd. (Mektubu yazan kii (o) bellidir. O halde bu cmle active bir cmledir) Fakat Passive (edilgen) cmle, ii yapann belli olmad cmlelerdir. rnek: The letter was written. Mektup yazld. (Bu cmlede mektubu kimin yazd belli deildir. O halde bu cmle passive bir cmledir) Eer passive bir cmle iersinde ii yapandan muhakkak bahsetmek gerekirse, cmlenin sonuna by ekledikten sonra yapan kii yazlabilir. The letter was written by her. Mektup onun tarafndan yazld. Active olan bir cmle niin passive yaplr: 1. Yaplan eylem yapan kiiden daha nemli ise cmle passive olarak sylenir: rnek: Cotton is grown in ukurova in Trkiye. Pamuk Trkiyede ukurovada yetitirilir. (Bu cmlede pamuu yetitiren kiiden ok pamuun yetitirildii yer nemlidir) 2. Bir eylemin kim tarafndan yapld bilinmiyorsa cmle passive olarak sylenir. rnek: My money purse was stolen. Para czdanm alnd. (Kimin aldn bilmiyorum) 3. Bir eylemi kimin yaptn biliniyor fakat sylenmek istenmiyorsa yine cmle Passive olarak sylenir. rnek:

The window has been broken. I dont know who broke it. Cam krlm!! Kimin krdn bilmiyorum...!! Active bir cmle u ekilde passive yaplr: 1. Active cmlenin nesnesi passive cmleye zne olarak yazlr. 2. be cmlenin zamanna ve znesine uygun biimde yazlr. 3. Active cmlenin esas fiili daima passive cmlede daima " 3. halde"yazlr. 4. Eer ii yapann muhakkak cmleye yazlmas gerekiyorsa cmlenin sonuna by yazldktan sonra ii yapan da by dan sonra yazlr (by + agent). rnekler: (Active) People in France speak French. Fransadaki insanlar (halk) Franszca konuur. (Passive) French is spoken in France (by people) Fransada Franszca konuulur. (Active cmlenin nesnesi French olduundan passive cmlenin bana yazld. Active cmenin zaman present simple olduu iin be-is olarak yazld. Speak fiilinin 3. hali "spoken" alnd) (Active) Someone broke my pencil. (Passive) My pencil was broken (by someone) (Active cmlenin nesnesi my pencil olduundan passive cmlenin bana yazld. Active cmenin zaman past simple olduu iin be-was olarak yazld. break fiilinin 3. hali "broken" alnd)
Simple Present Tense'in "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: Subject + present form of verbto be (am, is, are) + past participle of the main verb. Active cmlenin "nesne"sini "passive" cmlenin znesi yerine yazdktan sonra "am, is, are" dan uygun olan eklenir ve esas fiilin 3. hali yazlr. rnekler: Active: I read a book. 1. "a book" bu cmlenin nesnesi olduuna gre "passive" cmleye "a book" ile balanr, 2. "am, is, are" dan uygun olan "is" eklenir, 3. cmlenin fiili olan "read"in 3. hali olan "read" (read fiilinin 2. ve 3. halleri de yazl olarak "read" dir. Okunularnda farkllk vardr. "ri:d-red-red" gibi). O halde "I read a book" active cmlesinin passive hali yle olur: Passive: A book is read . Active: Ben kitap okurum. Passive: Kitap okunur. Aadaki rnekleri cmlelerin fiillerine ve nesnelerine dikkat ederek inceleyiniz.

Active: Passive:

Someone opens the door at eight oclock. The door is opened at eight oclock.

Active: They invite me to dinner. Passive: I am invited to dinner. Present Continuous Tense'in "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: Present Continbuous Tense'deki "Active" bir cmleyi Passive Voice'a evirmek iin active cmlenin nesnesini passive cmlenin znesi olarak yazdktan sonra "am, is, are" dan uygun olan cmleye eklenir. "am, is, are" dan sonra "being" ve fiilin 3. hali de eklenerek cmle passive yaplm olur. rnek forml yle yazlabilir: am Active Cmlenin Nesnesi + is are Active: I am reading a book. Passive: A book is being read by me. Active: Someone is painting the house. Passive: The house is being painted by someone. Active: She is cleaning the blackboard. Passive: The blackboard is being cleaned by her. Active: They are introducing us to the director. Passive: The director is being introduced us or we are being introduced to the director. Present Perfect Tense'in "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: Subject + have / has + been + past participle of the main verb Active: Someone has opened the door. Passive: The door has been opened by someone. Active: The thief has stolen my jeweler. Passive: My jeweler has been stolen by the thief. Active: I have finished my homework. Passive: My homework has been finished. Simple Past Tense'in "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: Subject + was / were + past participle of the main verb Active: Someone opened the door. Passive: The door was opened by someone. Active: They invited me to dinner. + being + V3

Passive: I was invited to dinner by them. Past Continuous Tense'in "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: Subject + was /were + being + past participle of the main verb Active: Someone was opening the door. Passive: The door was being opened by someone. Active: The doctor was examining the patient. Passive: The patient was being examined by the doctor. Past Perfect Tense'in "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: Subject + had + been + past participle of the main verb Active: Someone had opened the door. Passive: The door had been opened. Active: He had finished his dinner when I came in. Passive: His dinner had been finished when I came in. Simple Future Tense'in "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: Subject + will / shall + be + past participle of the main verb Active: Someone will open the door of the school. Passive: The door of the school will be opened by someone. Active: I will read a book. Passive: The book will be read by me. Near Future Tense'in "Future Tense'in "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: Subject + am, is, are + going to + past participle of the main verb Active: Someone is going to elect him as President. Passive: He is going to be elected as President. Active: They are going to invite me to dinner. Passive: I am going to be invited to dinner. MODAL PASSIVE PHRASE Modal Fillerin "Passive Voice" ile kullanm: (Can, Could, Shall, Will, May, Might, Must, Have to, has to, etc.) Modal verb dediimiz zel kip ekleri daima ayn ekilde yazlrlar, yani 2. ya da 3. halleri yoktur ve herhangi bir ek almazlar. Modal verb ler ile passive yaplrken be de herhangi bir deiiklie uramadan kendi haliyle yani be olarak yazlr.

Active: Someone can beat Bill. Passive: Bill can be beaten.

Active: They could keep this food. Passive: This food could be kept.

Active: They will settle the problem. Passive: The problem will be settled. nemli!!! (n zarf ekseriya ilk yardmc fiili takip eder) Active: They will probably forget it. Passive: It will probably be forgotten. Active: I will always wait for you. Passive: You will always be waited for. Tenslerin ve modallarn active cmleden passive cmleye dnmleri TENSES ACTIVE SENTENCE PASSIVE SENTENCE Simple Present I study my lesson My lesson is studied (by me) Present Continuous I am studying my lesson My lesson is being studied (by me) Present Perfec I have studied my lesson My lesson has been studied (...) Simple Past I studied my My lesson was studied... lesson Past Continuous I was studying my lesson My lesson was being studied Past Perfect I had studied my lesson My lesson had been studied Future I will study my lesson My lesson will be studied Future Continuous I will be studying my lesson My lesson will be being studied Future Perfect I will have studied my lesson My lesson will have been studied Near Future (going to) I am going to study my lesson My lesson is going to be studied Can I can study my lesson My lesson can be studied Could I could study my lesson My lesson could be studied May I may study my lesson My lesson may studied Might ShouldI might study my lesson My lesson might be studied Should I should study my lesson My lesson should be studied Must I must study my lesson My lesson must be studied Ought to I ought to study my lesson My lesson ought to be studied