ASPECTS OF MACHINE TOOLS AND AGRICULTURAL CULTIVATION IN SUGAR CANE PLANTATIONS PT MADU BARU YOGYAKARTA Riyadi Hari Nugraha

Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, IPB Darmaga Campus, PO Box 220, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Phone 08567539655, e-mail: maen_ball@yahoo.com ABSTRACT In general, the sugar plantation owned sugar factories are Indonesia, agricultural mechanization is applied on the preparation and watering the soil only. Processing of land divided into 2 kinds of primary tillage and secondary tillage. The tools used in primary tillage is the disk plow and secondary tillage is to disk harrow and furrower while watering the soil using water pumps. In primary tillage plowing done as much as 2 times, the plow I and II, while the secondary tillage activities carried out are penggaruan, kairan and gutter making. At penggaruan tool used is disk harrow while kairan and gutter making use furrower. For the another cultivation process, such as planting, crop maintenance, and harvesting are still using the manual method of using human . Sugarcane cultivation process is still manual, the tools commonly used is a machete, sickle and hoe.

Pada umumnya di perkebunan tebu milik pabrik-pabrik gula yang ada indonesia, mekanisasi pertanian baru diterapkan pada proses pengolahan dan penyiraman tanah saja. Pengolahan tanah dibagi menjadi 2 macam, yaitu pengolahan tanah primer dan pengolahan tanah sekunder. Alat yang digunakan pada pengolahan tanah primer adalah bajak piring dan pengolahan tanah sekunder adalah garu piring dan furrower sedangkan penyiraman tanah menggunakan pompa air. Pada pengolahan tanah primer pembajakan dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali, yaitu bajak I dan II sedangkan pengolahan tanah sekunder kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah penggaruan, proses kairan dan pembuatan got. Pada saat penggaruan alat yang digunakan adalah garu piring sedangkan proses kairan dan pembuatan got menggunakan furrower. Untuk proses budidaya lainnya seperti penanaman, pemeliharaan tanaman, dan pemanenan masih menggunakan cara manual yaitu menggunakan tenaga manusia. Proses budidaya tebu yang masih manual, alat-alat yang biasa digunakan adalah parang, golok, arit.

In general, the sugar plantation owned sugar factories are Indonesia, agricultural mechanization is applied on the preparation and watering the soil only. Processing of land divided into 2 kinds of primary tillage and secondary tillage. The tools used in primary tillage is the disk plow and secondary tillage is to disk harrow and furrower while watering the soil using water pumps. In primary tillage plowing done as much as 2 times, the plow I and II, while the secondary tillage activities carried out are penggaruan, pengkairan and gutter making. At penggaruan tool used is disk harrow while kairan and gutter making use furrower. For the another cultivation process, such as planting, crop maintenance, and harvesting are still using the manual method of using human . Sugarcane cultivation process is still manual, the tools commonly used is a machete, machetes, sickles.