FINAL EXAMINATION STUDY GUIDE

The examination covers material in Chapters 10, 11 and 14 of the textbook only and what was discussed in class. CHAPTER 10 HEALTHCARE AND HOSPICE I. Human Services in Hospitals Crisis and Trauma Counseling and the scope of social work functions Maslows model of needs motivation e.g. how most basic physiological needs are met before others Working with Patients with HIV/AIDS - Definition of AIDS and demographics - How HIV damages your body - Role of the human services worker The Hospice Movement The History of Hospice the Neglect of the Dying The Hospice Philosophy its core values and how it challenged traditional treatment models, such as the prior view that you fight to the bitter end The Hospice Team and offering palliative (comfort and pain free during last stages of life) versus curative care (treat the person to extend life) The Role of the Hospice Human Services Worker IV. The Psychosocial Assessment should be conducted before someone enters a treatment program; types of questions asked Intervention Strategies duties of human services worker Case Management and Counseling Services Resisting the Reality of Death dealing with issues of denial Planning for Death advance directives, such as living will and health care proxy The Spiritual Component of Dying how faith plays a role in treatment and preparation for death Death and Dying: Effective Bereavement Counseling The Journey Through Grief: A Task-Centered Approach Elisabeth Kubler-Ross theory of grief and stages, such as denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance, etc. Dr. Alan Wofelt expanded on Kubler-Rosss stages to detail what is reconciliation and healing

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Why do terminally ill patients express a desire to hasten their deaths? Multicultural Issues how different cultural and racial groups view illness and death Ethical Dilemmas in Hospice Care Dr. Kevorkian and euthanasia - physician-assisted suicide only legal in one state right to die - very controversial b/c of conflict with wishes to die with dignity and religious values

CHAPTER 11 SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND TREATMENT I. III. History of Substance Abuse Practice Setting Efforts in the mid-1800s How alcoholism was defined and impact upon society History of Use and Early Treatment Efforts Within the U.S. The Prohibition Movement 18th Amendment (1919), which outlawed possession, sale and transfer of alcohol Repealed by 21st Amendment (1933) Rise of Modern Addiction Treatment in the U.S. Percentages of Americans with drug problems Demographics, Prevalence and Usage Patterns types of professionals MSWs, PhDs, etc. types of treatment, including individual counseling, residential care, wilderness therapy, group homes (therapeutic foster homes), correctional facilities and in-patient psychiatric hospitals Defining Terms and Concepts definitions and examples alcoholism substance abuse, including depressing and stimulating the central nervous system and its effects tolerance resistant to drug and requires more of it to get same high withdrawal body reacting to absence of drug; very physically challenging, depending on the type of substance abused and its effects on the central nervous system Theoretical Models of Use and Abuse disease model environmental/behavioral model academic model

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Types of Substances uppers types of uppers, such as crystal methamphetamines (highly addictive) and what it does to your central nervous system and withdrawal symptoms

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downers including barbiturates and opiates (physically addictive) all arounders including marijuana (not physically addictive), hallucinogens and designer drugs (more physically addictive, such as ecstasy) Abuse of Prescription Drugs a growing problem Common Clinical Issues and the Role of the Human Services Professional Presence of substance abuse throughout all practice settings Acceptance of Problem including denial and ambivalence Hitting Bottom stages of willingness to change, including pre-contemplation, contemplation, determination and action Clinical Interventions Motivational Interviewing Cultural Sensitivity avoiding ethnic and racial stereotypes which are a challenge to treatment dealing with stigma and shame Defining Treatment Goals Abstinence total non-use Harm reduction limiting negative consequences of abuse, promoting health, such as safesex, needle exchange programs Mode of Service Delivery Availability of Treatment 0ver 11,000 programs in the U.S. Public Programs federal and state funded Private Programs non-profits Continuum of Care day treatment, detox Treatment Modalities Role of the Human Services Professional Stages of Recovery and understanding that recovery is a process, rather than an event Relapse Prevention Cognitive-behavioral strategies, recognizing triggers, developing coping strategies Common Treatment Settings Detoxification Programs intense medical management dealing with severe withdrawal, stay overnight Inpatient Treatment stay overnight with strict guidelines Partial Hospitalization medical treatment during the day, going home at night Residential Treatment stay overnight Outpatient Treatment treated during the day, going home at night, but not as medically intense as partial hospitalization Pharmacological Treatments - with medication, especially with a dual diagnosis Self-Help including Alcoholics Anonymous, which focuses on the medical model of treatment

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Family Involvement stopping enabling behavior, which encourages abuse, makes excuses or looks the other way

CHAPTER 14 VIOLENCE, VICTIM ADVOCACY AND CORRECTIONS I. II. III. Domestic Violence Nature of Domestic Violence Cycle of Violence, including the authority on the Battered Womens Syndrome, Dr. Lenore Walker What is considered domestic violence, such as hitting, punching, slapping, pushing, pinching, etc. Counseling Victims Whose fault is it? How do most abusive relationships begin? Do I Stay or Do I Go? Why Are Abusers Jealous and Possessive? Internal or external locus of control Domestic Violence Practice Settings including 24-hour hotline, crisis intervention, shelters, support groups, etc. Prosecution Violence Against Women Act, difficulties in the victim as the witness Batterers Programs understanding dynamics of why violence was chosen as the way to express anger Good news violent crime rates have declined steadily over the last 10 years Sexual Assault 300,000 reported cases annually in women (90,000 men) Why People Commit Rape sex as power and violence using sexual means Definitions of Sexual Assault and Related Offenses, including what percentage of victims know their assailant Psychological Impact of Sexual Assault Rape Trauma Syndrome, PTSD, guilt, depression, low self-esteem, etc. Male-on-Male Sexual Assault causes some men to question their sexuality and machismo Common Practice Settings Rape Crisis Centers and what services are offered Victims of Violent Crime Victims Bill of Rights, including the primary goal of the victims movement Victim-Witness Assistance, including victim impact statements, obtaining restitution (monetary or other compensation for victims), foreign language assistance, case status updates, counseling, etc. Surviving Victims of Homicide what time is good to provide counseling services to survivors? Common Clinical Issues support systems, regaining sense of safety, managing emotions, skill-building, education, seeking resolution and closure Perpetrators of Crime they also need services to rehabilitate, lessen recidivism, etc. Gang Activity although there is an increase in the percentage of female gang activity, most gang members are male Risk Factors of Gang Involvement, including poverty, single-parent households, poor academic performance Human Services Practice Settings Focusing on Gang Involvement working at school campuses, city agencies, faith-based organization, police departments or the juvenile justice

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system V. Human Services in Prison Settings The War on Drugs, one of the main factors in prison overcrowding and how it affects people of color communities disproportionately Mental Health Programs in Correctional Facilities important to deal with underlying mental health issues contributing to criminal behavior Prison and Pregnancy - programs for pregnant inmates and young mothers; focus on family visits and other motivational strategies STDs and AIDS big problem in prison setting b/c of sexual assaults Barriers to Treatment lack of education and understanding of available services, mistrust, lack of funding