[Year]

REPORT OF THE WATER SUPPLY SCHEME

Submitted By:
Submitted By:

Saima 2010-BA-18
Saima 2010-Ba-18

Introduction of the scheme:

No. of houses, flats & apartments: Parks & open spaces: Schools: 935 8 1 2 4 3
2

& Mosques: Commercial Areas: Graveyards:

Estimated area of scheme using scale factor of 1:10:82300m

Design Criteria:
Design Period: Sources of Water: Population Estimation: Design population:
per plot) 20 years Ground water 10 persons per plot (No. of plots x population 350+47 =397 1.5 x MDD Max. Hourly demand Grid Iron (closed Continues pumping with

Per Capital Consumption: Peak Factor:

(maximum daily demand)

Design Flow: Type of Layout:

loop system)

Type of supply: Distribution system:

storage

Related Theory
1. Water Consumptions:
Water is one of basic need for humans. We fulfill our requirements using water. These requirements include drinking, bathing, washing, cooking (etc. at domestic level &), running our machinery (at commercial or industrial level).

2. Maximum Water Consumptions:

This is usually taken as peak value that occurs once in a year, day or hour. So maximum water consumption is according to peak daily demand or peak hourly demand.

3. Peak Hourly Consumptions:

It is amount of water consumed in an hour. It is a peak quantity. The peak consumption during any hour of the year excluding fire demand is called Peak Hourly Consumption. It is around 150% of the maximum daily consumption.

Factors Affecting Water Consumptions:

Following are the factors that affect water consumptions:

1. Climate:
If the climate is warm then water consumption will be more. If climate temperature is low then consumption will also be low. In other words there is direct relation between these two quantities.

2. Standard of Living:
More advance standards of living will increase the consumption and vice versa.

3. Water Metering:
If the water consumption is measured properly i-e metering is done properly then consumption will be low and vice versa. In other words there is an indirect relation between these two quantities.

4. Quality of Water:
High water quality will increase the daily water consumption. Low quality water will decrease consumption.

5. Level of Services:
Level of services will affect water consumption as follows: Stand post: Small communities collect water from a single source, this is called stand post. It is very rare so consumption through this type of service has low value. Yard connection: House collecting water from a single source, it is called yard connection. This type of consumption has more value than yard connection. Full connection: it is mostly used now because water can be collected from more than a single point in a house. This type of service provides more value of water consumption.

6. Cost of Water:
Greater cost of water will decrease the water consumption and vice versa. There is indirect relation between these two values.

7. Type of Supply:
Type of supply will affect the water as follows: Continuous: water supply is available at every time. Water consumption will be more as compared to intermittent supply. Intermittent: water supply is available after sometimes.

8. Pressure in Distribution System:

Water pressure determines the force and speed of available water.

1. Static pressure
The amount of pressure within a system, pipes or hoses, when no water is flowing.

2. Normal Operating Pressure

The amount of pressure within a distribution system during normal consumption

3. Residual Pressure
The amount of pressure within a distribution system, at a given location (fire hydrant), when a substantial quantity of water is flowing somewhere else in the system (at a major fire).

Components of Water supply System:

Following are the components of water supply system:

1. Source:

It is point from water can be received. It can be underground source or surface water source.

2. Transmission Lines:
These are pipes used to supply water from source to storage tanks or pumps. These have different lifetimes depending upon material and use.

3. Water Treatment Plant:

A place or point where water is water is treated through disinfection and filtration methods is called water treatment plant. It has the design period of 10-15 years.

4. Pumping Plant:
This is a point where water is pumped from reservoir to storage tank or distribution lines. It has the design period of 10 years. It has easy expansion.

5. Storage:
This is an important part of supply system. It stores water and in case of increase in water need or break in supply, it is used. It helps the water supply system in case of peak hourly demand.

6. Distribution System:
The system of pipelines used to supply water according to get requires quantity and residual pressure.

Methods of Water Distribution System:

1. Pumping without Storage:
This method is used where the supply is continues and the storage is not recquired. This method is also used in plain areas

2. Distribution by Pumps with Storage:

This method of distribution is used in plain areas where the type of supply is not continues we mostly use pumping with storage.

3. Gravity Distribution System:

This system is used for areas where altitudes are different. E.g. hilly areas we use distribution under gravity. This is not possible in plain areas

-Results & Calculation Calculations Regarding head loss in pipe lines taking consideration of all factors
1- Break Horse Power of the motor
BHP = Brake Horse Power 1BHP = 1HP BHP = *Q*H/550* = density of water = 62.4 lb./ft3 = 999.47 kg / m3 Q = Flow through pump = 0.019 m3 / sec H = Total Pump Head = 245 m = Efficiency of Motor = 60% = 0.6 BHP = 999.47 0.019 245 / 550 0.6 BHP = 5.07 HP

2- Head loss calculations Total Pump Head = Difference in level between tube-well and OHR + losses in pipe (H) + losses in pump chamber (4.57 m)+ height of OHT (20 m) + Drawdown of tube-well (9.14 m) + safe head (4.57 m) Losses in pipe (H) = 10.68 * (Q/c)1.85 * [L/(d4.87)] = 10.68 * (39.78* 10-3/100)1.85 * [100/(0.34.87)] = 0.019m Total Pump Head = 0+0.019 +4.572+20+9.144+4.572+213.36 Total Pump Head = 245 m

Results

 Table for calculation of base demand Representation Of Results in table form output file (EPA.NET) Attachment of Maps using EPA.NET (which represents pressure values at node and diameters values at pipes) Attachment of Map (Manual) -Recommendations & References https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=we b&cd=2&cad=rja&ved=0CDQQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wik ipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNutrition&ei=wwBLUa4iqYuMApfgIAC&usg=AFQjCNHVqB7DidC6r_kiqfaXZcRfNg3mIQ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_water https://www.google.com/#hl=en&sclient=psyab&q=water+consumption+per+day+for+a+society&oq=water +consumption+per+day+for+a+society&gs