FORMULA

Arithmetic mean

1) Simple Arithmetic
i) Direct method

N= No of observation ii) Shortcut Method

N = No of items A = Assumed Mean

Discrete series
i) Direct method

N = Sum of frequency ii)Shortcut method

= Mean A = Assumed mean

Continuous series
i) Direct method

N = Sum of frequency

ii)Shortcut method

A = Assumed mean iii)Step deviation method

A = Assumed mean C = Common factor

MEDIAN
i) Individual Series ) item
Median = Size of ( ii)

Continuous series

Median =

L1 = lower limit c.f = cumulative frequency of proceeding median class f = Frequency of median class I = Class interval

Quartiles
i) Individual series Q 1 = Size of ( Q3= Size of ( ) item ) item

ii)

Continuous series

Q 1 = Size of ( ) item Q1= L1 = lower limit c.f = cumulative frequency of proceeding median class f = Frequency of median class I = Class interval Q3 =

Decile

i)

Individual series D7 = Size of ( ) item

i)

Continuous series D7 =

Percentile
ii) Individual series P25 = Size of 25 ( ) item ii) Continuous series P25 = P25 = Twenty fifth percentile

Mode
XC

L1 = lower limit F1 = Frequency of the modal class F0 = Frequency of the class proceeding the model class F2 = Frequency of the class succeeding the model class I = Class interval Z = 3(median)-(2mean)

Geometric mean
i) Individual series

ii)

Discrete series

iii)

Continuous series

N = Sum of frequency

Harmonic mean
i) Individual series
( )

ii)

Discrete series
( )

iii)

Continuous series
( )

Range
Range = L-S Coefficient of range =

Inter Quartile Range & Quartile Deviation

Inter quartile range = Q3- Q1 Semi inters quartile or Quartile Deviation = Coefficient of quartile deviation =

Mean deviation

i)

Individual series
Mean deviation =
| |

N = No of items

ii)

Discrete series M.D =

| |

N = Sum of frequency

iii)

Continuous series H.D =

| |

Standard deviation
i) Deviation taken from actual mean ii)

or (

Deviation taken from assumed mean

Discrete series i) Actual mean method ii)

Assumed mean method ( )

d = X- A N= Sum of frequency iii) Step deviation method (

A = Assumed mean

iv) -

Continuous series

d=

, C = Common factor A = Assumed mean

Skewness

Coefficient of skewness SKp

Bow leys coefficient of skewness

Absolok Absolute SK = (Q3-Meadian)-(Meadian-Q1) (Q3-Med-Med+Q1) = Q3+Q1-2meadian

Kellys coefficient of skewness

SKp Sk = =

Measure of kurtosis

Continuous series M1 M2 M3 M4 = = = = M1-M1= 0 (M2)-(M1)2 = 0 M3-3M1M2+3(M1)3 M4M36(M2)(M1)2-3(M1)4

M1 = M2 M3 M4 = = =

X c X c2 X c3 X c4

Karperson of coefficient of correlation

i)
ii) iii)

R =
R = R =

Here X= Y=

Assumed mean method

R =
*

N = No of items

Correlation of grouped bivairate data

R =
*

N = No of items

Coefficient of correlation & probable error

Probable error of

r = 0.6745 x

Rank correlation coefficient