FACTS Flexible AC Transmission Systems

Series Compensation

Answers for energy.

Reference List
Reactive-Power Compensation Series Compensation

Siemens supplies Fixed Series Capacitors as well as Thyristor-Controlled SCs and Thyristor Protected Series Capacitors. Siemens Series Capacitor installations increase power transfer capacity on existing transmission systems worldwide. Nowadays, power generators and utilities all over the world are confronted with greater demands for bulk power flow, lower-cost power delivery, and higher reliability. Siemens solutions for advanced power delivery translate into a number of solid benefits including: Increase of energy transfer without adding new transmission lines Direct control of the transmission path, voltage and flow Minimized delivery cost as generation sources change High reliability under contingencies Improvement of power quality

References described in this brochure

References not described in this brochure

In-service date 01 1990 Kayenta USA

Page 6

Oriximina, Brazil in service in 2011 Itacoatiara, Brazil in service in 2011 Cariri, Brazil in service in 2011 Lugo, USA in service in 2011 Boshang, China in service in 2011 Sami, India in service since 2010 Meerut, India in service since 2010 Yulin, China in service since 2010 Dodoma, Tanzania in service since 2009 Barra do Peixe, Brazil in service since 2008 Rio Verde, Brazil in service since 2007 Lucknow, India in service since 2007 Puti China in service since 2007 Dai Ninh, Vietnam in service since 2006 Gooty, India in service since 2005 Chuddapah, India in service since 2005 Maraba, Brazil in service since 2005 Acailandia, Brazil in service since 2005 Hechi, China in service since 2004 Tecali, Mexico in service since 2004 Juile, Mexico in service since 2004 Vincent #1 & #2 in service since 2002 Jacinto, USA in service since 2002 Yangcheng, China in service since 2001 Vincent #3 in service since 2001 Atacama, Chile in service since 1999 Lugo, USA in service since 1983

02 1993 Montagnais Imperatriz & Presidente Dutra

Canada

03 1999

Brazil

04 1999 Serra da Mesa

Brazil

05 2002 Ibiuna / Samambaia

Brazil

10

06 2003 Tian-Guang

China

11

07 2003 Lexington & Valley Maputo & Barberton

USA

12

08 2003

Mozambique & 13 South Africa Brazil 14

09 2004 So Joo do Piau

10

2004 Midway #1, #2 & #3 USA 2005 USA

15

11 2006 Dayton

16

12 2006

Eldorado-Lugo & USA Eldorado-Moenkopi India

17

13 2006 Tala

18

14 2006 Fengjie NorthSouth Interconnection III

China

20

15 2008

Brazil India

22 23

16 2009 EastWest

References worldwide
Utility Series Compensation delivered by Siemens.
Kayenta WAPA, USA 165 / 120 / 45 MVAr 230 kV 1990 Jacinto ENTERGY, USA 223 MVAr 230 kV 2001 Dayton ENTERGY, USA 258 MVAr 230 kV 2006 Lexington & Valley FSCs Dominion Virginia Power, USA 355 / 505 MVAr 500 kV 2003 Montagnais Hydro-Qubec, Canada 1500 MVAr 765 kV 1993 Itacoatiara Abengoa, Brazil 2 x 237 / 340 MVAr 500 kV 2011 Cariri Abengoa, Brazil 2 x 237 MVAr 500 kV 2011

Lugo Southern California Edison, USA 1983

Lugo Southern California Edison, USA 2 x 634 MVAr 500 kV 2011

Vincent #1 to #3 Southern California Edison, USA 401 MVAr 500 kV 2000 2002
01 07 12 2 11

02

Midway #1 & #3 Southern California Edison, USA 401 MVAr 500 kV 2004/2005

10

Eldorado-Lugo & Eldorado-Moenkopi Southern California Edison, USA 199 / 162 MVAr 500 kV 2006
05

03 15 09

04

TECALI / JUILE CFE, Mexico 5 x 150 MVAr 400 kV 2003

Oriximina Abengoa, Brazil 2 x 340 MVAr 500 kV 2011 NorthSouth Interconnection III FSC INTESA, Brazil 200 / 2 x 194 / 130 / 43 MVAr 500 kV 2008

Ibiuna / Samambaia FURNAS, Brazil 252 / 765 MVAr 500 kV 2002

Atacama FSC GENER 490 MVAr 345 kV 1999

Serra da Mesa FURNAS, Brazil 107 MVAr 500 kV 1999

So Joo do Piau CHESF, Brazil 484 / 437 MVAr 500 kV 2004

Maraba / Aailndia ENTE, Brazil 279 / 314 MVAr 500 kV 2004

EastWest FSCs Power Grid Corporation of India, India 2 x 210 / 2 x 180 / 2 x 288 MVAr 400 kV 2009

Tala Power Grid Corporation of India, India 743 / 112 / 716 / 108 MVAr 400 kV 2006

Lucknow Power Grid Corporation of India, India 4 x 436 MVAr 400 kV 2007

Cuddapah-Gooty Power Grid Corporation of India, India 4 x 202 MVAr 400 kV 2004

Boshang Yunnan Power Grid, China 2 x 425 / 620 MVAr 500 kV 2011

Fengjie State Grid Corporation of China, China 2 x 610 MVAr 500 kV 2006 Puti Sichuan Electric Power, China 3 x 315 MVAr 500 kV 2006 Yangcheng JPEPC, China 2 x 500 MVAr 230 kV 2000 Hechi State Power South Company, China 762 MVAr 500 kV 2003 Yulin China Southern Power Grid, China 2 x 286 MVAr 500 kV 2010
08

14 16 13

06

Tian-Guang State Power South Company, China 350 / 55 MVAr 500 kV 2003

Dai Ninh Electricity of Vietnam 202 MVAr 500 kV 2006 Maputo & Barberton MOTRACO, Mozambique & Republic of South Africa 344 / 535 MVAr 400 kV 2003 Meerut Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd., India 2 x 412 MVAr 765 kV 2010

Imperatriz & Presidente Dutra ELETRONORTE, Brazil 390 MVAr 500 kV 1999

Dodoma TANESCO,Tanzania 180 MVAr 220 kV 2009

Sami Adani Power Limited, India 2 x 212 MVAr 400 kV 2010

Kayenta
Worlds First 3-Phase Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor In 1990, Siemens completed a joint project with WAPA for the worlds first transmission system with a continuously variable, 3-phase thyristor-controlled series capacitor installation at the Kayenta substation in Arizona, USA. The series capacitor consists of two 230 kV conventional series capacitor banks, each rated at 165 MVAr with a single-phase impedance of 55 Ohms. One of the two 55-Ohm banks is split into a 40-Ohm and a 15-Ohm segment. This allows the addition of Thyristor-Controlled Reactors (TCR) in parallel with the 15-Ohm segment. This provides direct control of the transmission line impedance and offers several advantages to conventional fixed series capacitors. The Kayenta Advanced Series Compensation (ASC) operates in the following manner: when a controlled reactor is connected in parallel with a series capacitor, the net series compensation seen by the transmission line is the impedance that results from the capacitor and reactor. By varying the impedance of the parallel reactor, the total impedance of the compensation is changed. The ASC controls the reactor current as well as the line current, so the ASC can smoothly control the capacitive impedance from 15 Ohms to 60 Ohms.
Customer WAPA (Western Area Power Administration) ASC Kayenta in north-eastern Arizona, USA in the middle of the 320-kilometer Shiprock-to-Glen Canyon 230 kV transmission line 55 Ohm / 165 MVAr (conventional) 40 Ohm / 120 MVAr (conventional) 15 Ohm / 45 MVAr (ASC) up to 70 % conventional up to 100 % TCSC 100 mm thyristors 3.5 kA continuous current 5.5 kV blocking voltage Siemens SIMADYN D

Project name Location

Capacitor rating

Compensation degree Thyristor data

Digital control system

Churchill Falls

Canada
Montral

USA

Montagnais
Fixed Series Capacitor in Canada Part of New Yorks electric energy is supplied by Hydro-Qubec, from the hydroelectric power plant Churchill Falls on the coast of Labrador in Newfoundland. To increase the transferable power of the 735 kV transmission line from the power plant Churchill Falls to Montreal a distance of about 1200 km, Hydro-Qubec decided to install three 3-phase series capacitors at the Montagnais substation in the Canadian province Qubec. From Montreal, some of the electricity is transmitted via the HVDC back-to-back link at Chateauguay in Canada to the network operated by the New York Power Administration in the USA. Montagnais is one of the most important facilities in HydroQubecs eastern power network, because it is not far away from the generators in Churchill Falls. In 1993, Hydro-Qubec placed an order with Siemens for the supply and installation of the three series capacitors, because Siemens was able to fulfill the special technical demands in accuracy and reaction time needed for the extreme conditions in the Canadian winter. Siemens was also the first manufacturer whose surge arresters succeeded in withstanding Hydro-Qubecs extra tough pressure relief tests for the 735 kV application, involving a full discharge of a specially set-up bank of original capacitors. The Montagnais series capacitor is able to withstand the extreme temperatures from 50 C to + 40 C. The series capacitor installation helps to improve the transmission line stability and is able to compensate up to 40 % of the inductive line impedance, thus enhancing the transferable power to 6000 MVA.
Customer Project name Location Hydro-Qubec (HQ) Montagnais FSC Poste Montagnais, Canada NorthEast Network 30 Ohm, 2300 A, 1500 MVAr (3 x 476 MVAr) 40 %

Capacitor rating Compensation degree Digital control system

Siemens SIMADYN D

Imperatriz & Presidente Dutra

North-South Interconnection in Brazil Brazils national energy holding Electrobrs had been planning to connect the northern with the southern power networks for a long time. Finally, the heavy increasing demand for electric energy in the south decided the issue to build the NorthSouth Interconnection line. The network in the south, south-east, central and mid west regions supplies energy to the area of the country south of the capital, Brasilia, and the network in the north and north-east provides energy to the areas north-east of Bahia to Belm on the Amazon delta. Most of the electric power of both networks is generated in hydroelectric power plants, for example from the power plant Xing at the So Francisco river. The backbone of the interconnection line is the 500 kV transmission line from Imperatriz to Serra da Mesa. The NorthSouth Interconnection, with its capacity of 1300 MW, enables a more flexible expansion of the hydro-electric power plants along the Tocantins river. In 1997, Siemens received the order to supply three series capacitors as part of the first NorthSouth Interconnection in Brazil. The scope consisted of two fixed series capacitors in the northern network in Eletronortes substations Imperatriz and Presidente Dutra and one thyristor-controlled series capacitor in the southern network at FURNAS substation Serra da Mesa.
Customer ELETRONORTE Centrais Eltricas do Norte do Brazil S.A. Imperatriz / Presidente Dutra both substations are south of So Luis, Brazil 34.2 Ohm / 390 MVAr at 1.95 kA

Project name Location

Capacitor rating Compensation degree Digital control system

36 %

Siemens SIMADYN D

Serra da Mesa
Customer Project name Location Capacitor rating FURNAS Centrais Eltricas S.A. Serra da Mesa (SdM) north of Brasilia, Brazil 13.27 Ohm (blocked valve) and 15.92 Ohm (TCSC) / 107.46 MVAr at 1.5 kA 56 % (continuous) 715 % (temporary) 100 mm 5.5 kV electrically triggered thyristors 23.9 kV nominal valve voltage at 3.55 kA 1.123 MJ Valve MOV 87.3 kV protective level Siemens SIMADYN D Imperatriz

Compensation degree TCR data

Brazil

Colinas Miracema Peixe Serra da Mesa

Gurupi

Digital control system

Bolivia

Paraguay

Argentinia

Ibiuna / Samambaia
Fixed Series Capacitor in Brazil Parallel to the Samambaia project, FURNAS required to install one series capacitor in the 525 kV transmission line from the Ibiuna to Bateias substation. The turnkey contract for the Ibiuna project was awarded to the Siemens/Schneider Consortium in September 2001. The series capacitor bank is designed to have two segments in series because of the arrangement of the series capacitors in the AC system and the identical requirements of the FURNAS specification the designs of the capacitor banks are identical. The Ibiuna installation was finished in March 2003.
Customer Project name Location Capacitor rating Compensation degree Digital control system FURNAS Centrais Eltricas S.A. Ibiuna / Samambaia near So Paulo 25.6 Ohm per segment / total rated power 765 MVAr at 2.23 kA 50 %

Siemens SIMADYN D

10

China

Guangxi

Burma

Vietnam Laos

Tian-Guang
Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor in China The increasing demand for electric power in the Chinese south provinces requires extension of the HV power grid. The Tian-Guang TCSC and also the Hechi FSC are part of this westto-east network improvement. Their location has been carefully selected, and together with the Tian-Guang and the Gui-Guang HVDC links they ensure future energy supply and contribute reliability and improvement for the consumers. In power systems, TCSCs are mainly used for the purposes of system transient stability improvement, low-frequency power oscillation mitigation, system power flow control and subsynchronous resonance mitigation. According to the analysis on the Tian-Guang TCSC project, the TCSC mainly serves for system stability improvement and low-frequency oscillation mitigation. As there are several AC power transmission lines at the same voltage level and in the same power transmission direction, the purpose of the construction of Tian-Guang TCSC is to further improve the capabilities of AC transmission lines within the South China power grid and improve the capabilities of the whole network in respect of disturbances. It is recognized that the installation of a TCSC on inter-regional ties is a good means of mitigation of interregional low-frequency oscillations. Due to the fact that a TCSC is adopted in west-to-east power transmission lines within the South China power grid, the PSS configurations are simplified. Setting of the PSS parameters is easy and the dynamic stability of the system is improved.
Customer Project name Location State Power South Company Tian-Guang TCSC PingGuo substation, Guangxi Province, P.R. China Fixed segment: 29.2 Ohm, 2000 A, 350 MVAr Controlled segment: 4.15 Ohm to 12.45 Ohm, 2000 A, permanently operated at 4.57 Ohm, 55 MVAr Fixed segment: 35 % Controlled segment: 5 % Thyristor valve: 10 kV, 2000 A, light-triggered thyristor (LTT) Siemens SIMADYN D

Capacitor rating

Compensation degree TCR data

Digital control system

11

Lexington & Valley FSCs

Fixed Series Capacitor in Virginia, USA Gap Less Design In August 2002 Siemens succeeded in winning a series capacitor contract with Dominion Virginia Power. To accommodate increased power generation at the Bath County Pumping Station, Dominion had to add two series capacitors to the Virginia 500 kV network in the Bath County Area. Each of the two transmission lines from the Bath County Pumping Station, one leading to the Lexington substation and the other leading to the Valley substation have been equipped with a fixed series capacitor of 60 % compensation level. The Valley FSC has been in commercial operation since November 13th, 2003 and the Lexington FSC has been in commercial operation since December 2nd, 2003.
Customer Project name Location Dominion Virginia Power Lexington & Valley FSCs near Rockbridge Bath, Virginia1) and near Weyers Cave, Virginia2) 13.1 Ohm / 355 MVAr at 3 kA1) 18.7 Ohm / 505 MVAr at 3 kA2) 60 %1) 60 %2) Siemens SIMADYN D

Capacitor rating Compensation degree Digital control system

1) 2)

Lexington Valley

12

Maputo & Barberton

Fixed Series Capacitor in Mozambique & the Republic of South Africa

In May 2002, Siemens received the turnkey contract from MOTRACO to install two series capacitor banks in the MOTRACO network. MOTRACO is an independent transmission company owned in equal shares by three utilities: EdM from Mozambique, SEB from Swaziland and ESKOM from South Africa. The MOTRACO network consists of two 400 kV transmission lines from ESKOM (Camden and Arnot substation) to the Maputo substation. The transmission line from Camden to Maputo is intersected by a 400 kV busbar in Swaziland at Edwaleni II substation. The bulk of the energy which is transferred via these transmission lines is for the Mozal aluminum smelter in Maputo. The capacity of the aluminum smelter will be increased. Therefore also the lines have to be upgraded to cope with the increased power demand. As part of this upgrade, Siemens supplies the two fixed series capacitor banks. One bank is installed directly in Maputo substation in the Edwaleni-Maputo line. The second FSC is installed in Barberton substation approximately halfway between Arnot power station and Maputo substation close to the city of Barberton, in the Republic of South Africa. Both FSCs have been in commercial operation since mid April 2003.

Customer Project name

MOTRACO Maputo FSC Barberton FSC Maputo, Mozal substation, Mozambique1) Barberton substation, near Nelspruit, in the Republic of South Africa2) 28.44 Ohm / 344 MVAr1) 44.24 Ohm / 535 MVAr2) 50 %1) 50 %2) Siemens SIMADYN D

Location

Capacitor rating Compensation degree Digital control system

1) 2)

Maputo FSC Barberton FSC

13

So Joo do Piau
Fixed Series Capacitors in Brazil In summer of 2003 the So Joo do Piau Series Compensation System located in the Brazilian Maranho-Bahia 500 kV AC network has been awarded to Siemens. The power demand of the growing Brazilian industries requires an economical solution for an increase of power transfer capability with the existing lines. Fixed series compensation has been found as the appropriate choice not only to enable the desired power increase but also to stabilize the interconnected networks by reducing the connecting line impedance. Starting of commercial operation of two capacitors located in two serial lines was scheduled for August 2004. So Joo do Piau series capacitor project consists of two series capacitor installations connected in series on two different lines entering So Joo do Piau substation. The design of the components has been carried out by intensive studies to find an optimized solution for power transfer increase and stabilization of the existing network. With a nominal power rating of 484 MVA for Boa Esperana bank and 437 MVA for Sobradinho bank the So Joo do Piau series capacitors will provide stable and increased power transfer through the Maranho-Bahia 550 kV AC system corridor.
Customer Project name Location Capacitor rating Compensation degree Digital control system CHESF So Joo do Piau State of Piau, Brazil 52.83 Ohm / 484 MVAr 47.69 Ohm / 437 MVAr 70 %

Siemens SIMADYN D

14

Midway #1 and #3
Thyristor-Protected Series Capacitors The Midway #1 and #3 refurbishments are successor projects of the Vincent TPSC projects. The two series capacitors are located at PG&Es Midway substation near Buttonwillow, California. The Midway substation is also part of the western US 500 kV transmission network. In September 2003, Siemens received the order to renew the Midway #1 and #3 series capacitors. The design of the Midway series capacitors is identical with the Vincent TPSCs, with only some minor differences in the control and protection system. The first Midway TPSC #1 will be in commercial operation by December 2004 and the second installation Midway TPSC #3 will be finished about half a year later in June 2005.
Customer Project name Location Southern California Edison (SCE) Midway #1 and #3 near Buttonwillow, north of Los Angeles, CA, USA in the Vincent-to-Midway 500 kV transmission line 23.23 Ohm / 401 MVAr at 2.4 kA

Capacitor rating Compensation degree Thyristor data

~ 35 %

125 mm light-triggered thyristors Siemens SIMADYN D

Digital control system

15

Dayton
Fixed Series Capacitor Texas in USA July, 2004 The Entergy Corporation awarded three high voltage transmission projects to Siemens Power Transmission & Distribution, Inc. The new installations will help Entergy to increase reliability and capacity on its power transmission system in order to help meet increasing demand in its Western Service Area. The three FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) projects will include two Static VAR Compensators (SVC) and one Fixed Series Capacitor (FSC) that will be built at three primary Entergy substations in Texas and Louisiana. The Dayton FSC is basically a copy of the Jacinto FSC project which was installed by Siemens for Entergy in the year 2001. The main differences being the higher reactive power (223 vs. 258 MVAr) and the higher protective level (128.4 vs. 145 kV). The Dayton FSC system also does not include a Spark Gap but provision has been made for the inclusion of one at a later date.
Customer Project name Location ENTERGY Services Inc. Dayton Dayton Station, Dayton in Liberty County, Houston, Texas 24.33 Ohm / 258 MVAr at 1.88 kA

Capacitor rating Compensation degree Digital control system

70 %

Siemens SIMADYN D

16

Eldorado-Lugo & Eldorado-Moenkopi

Series Capacitors in Nevada / USA In September 2004 Siemens succeeded in winning the contract for the refurbishment of two series capacitor installations at Edisons Eldorado Substation southwest of Boulder City, Nevada. As a result of new power generation installed in the Las Vegas area the fault duty on the 500 kV transmission network is above the design ratings of the existing equipment and therefore the two series capacitors Lugo and Moenkopi at the Eldorado Substation need to be replaced. It is the intention to increase the power transfer between Arizona / Nevada and Southern California within the next few years. The so called Eldorado-Moenkopi SC is in series with the transmission line leading to the Moenkopi subsation in Arizona and the Eldorado-Lugo SC is in series with the transmission line leading to the Lugo substation in Southern California. The Lugo series capacitor installation will consist of two segments, one segment will be a FSC and the other segment will be a TPSC. The Moenkopi series capacitor installation will consist of three segments, two segments will be FSCs and the other segment will be a TPSC. The Lugo FSC is in service since March 15th, 2006 and the Moenkopi FSC since June 1st, 2006.
Customer Project name Location Capacitor rating Compensation degree Digital control system
1) 2)

Southern California Edison (SCE) Eldorado near Boulder City, NV, USA 199 MVAr / segment1) 162 MVAr / segment2) 17,5 % / segment1) 11,7 % / segment2) Siemens SIMATIC TDC

Lugo Moenkopi

17

TALA
Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor in India longest in the World Siemens compensation equipment improves transmission capacity in Indian high voltage grid Siemens received this order in May 2004 from the Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd. in New Delhi to set up four compensation systems featuring state of the art thyristor technology. The purpose of this new equipment is to improve the transmission performance and the reliability of the 400 kV overhead line between Purnea in eastern India and Gorakhpur in the north of the country. The order includes the construction and installation work involved in the systems, along with supply and engineering of all the high-voltage components, the control and protection devices and the thyristor valves. The Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd. (PGCIL) is constructing a 475 km long overhead line from Purnea in the state of Bihar via Muzafarpur to Gorakhpur in the state of Uttar Pradesh. This project transmits surplus energy from eastern India to the conurbations around Delhi, where the existing generation capacity can no longer meet demand. For the systems in Purnea and Gorakhpur respectively, Siemens is supplying two thyristor-controlled Series Compensation Systems and two fixed compensation systems. Series compensation systems enhance the transmission capacity of the overhead line and ensure stability in the grid. The light-triggered thyristors (LTTs) used are notable for their very high current carrying capacity and blocking voltage. Direct light-triggered thyristors make it possible to reduce the number of electronic components in the converter valves by about 80 %. A further advantage of this modern thyristor design is that all the firing and monitoring electronics are at earth potential; the equipment is consequently accessible during operation. Siemens is the only supplier to use LTTs in so-called FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) projects. With energy markets developing and expanding dynamically all over the world, such solutions provide significant ways of improving the characteristics of high-voltage transmission networks. This order underlines the capability of Siemens as undisputed market- and technology leader in the controlled series compensation technology segment. The project was completed and put into operation early 2006.

Pakistan

China

Nepal
Gorakhpur Kanpur Purnea Muzaffarpur

Indien

18

Purnea FSC & Gorakhpur FSC

Customer Project name Location Capacitor rating Power Grid Corporation of India, Ltd. TALA Project New Delhi, India 24.2 Ohm / 743 MVAr 3200 A nominal current1) 23.32 Ohm / 716 MVAr 3200 A nominal current2) 40 %1) 40 %2)

Purnea TCSC & Gorakhpur TCSC

Power Grid Corporation of India, Ltd. TALA Project New Delhi, India 3.03 Ohm / 3.64 Ohm / 112 MVAr 3200 A nominal current3) 2.92 Ohm / 3.510 Ohm / 108 MVAr 3200 A nominal current4) 515 %3) 515 %4) 125 mm light-triggered thyristors3) 4)

Compensation degree Thyristor valve data Digital control system

1)

SIMATIC TDC

SIMATIC TDC

Purnea FSC

2)

Gorakhpur FSC

3)

Purnea TCSC

4)

Gorakhpur TCSC

19

Fengjie
Fengjie Series Compensation System in China In the summer of 2005, Siemens was awarded a contract to install the Fengjie Series Compensation System 500 kV AC network. Fixed series compensation (FSC) was found as the appropriate solution to provide an increase of power transfer capability using existing lines, and to stabilize the interconnected networks by reducing the connecting line impedance. The Fengjie 500 kV series capacitor station is about 130 km away from Wanxian Substation, where one of the two 500 kV lines begins, connecting Chuanyu grid to central Chinas mains. Within this project, planned by the State Grid Corporation of China, Fengjie 500 kV series compensation station is an important asset. It has a capacity of 2 x 610 MVAr and a compensation level of 35 %. Its FSC system consists of two capacitors, one in each of the parallel lines located in Fengjie Substation. It connects Wanxian Substation in the west with Longquan Substation in the east over a distance of 360 km. Project Outline Fengjie 500 kV series compensation station is an important station for the project planned by the State Grid Corporation of China to connect Chuanyu grid to central Chinas mains. Fengjie 500 kV series compensation station will have a capacity of 2 x 610 MVAr and a compensation level of 35 %, and its compensation equipment will be of fixed series capacitor (FSC) type. The project now has two circuits of 500 kV lines, which start in the west from Wanxian 500 kV Substation and extend to the east to Longquan 500 kV Converter Station with each circuit 360 km in length. Fengjie 500kV Series compensation station is about 130 km away from Wanxian 500 kV Substation at Fengjie County, Wanzhou District, Chongquing City. Fengjie 500 kV series compensation station began operation in June, 2006.

20

Customer Project name Location

State Grid Corporation of China Fengjie Fengjie County, Wanzhou District, Chongquing City fixed Series Capacitor 35.3 Ohm / 2 x 610 MVAr

System Capacitor rating Compensation degree

35 %

21

NorthSouth Interconnection III

Renewable Energy Resources for Megacities The major part of Brazils energy is generated by hydroelectric power plants. The hydrologic conditions in the north of Brazil are well suited to produce enough hydroelectric power to fulfill the energy demand of the south. In 2006, after the first two north-south interconnection lines had proved their worth, the Brazilian electricity regulatory agency (ANEEL) awarded a contract for a third parallel line, NorthSouth Interconnection III. In the middle section of the transmission line from Colinas (Tocantis) down to Serra da Mesa II (Gois), power had to be transmitted over the enormous distance of 696 km. The contract for this segment, the longest of the three segments, was awarded to INTESA, a consortium of Eletronorte, Chesf, Engevix, and a private investor. To avoid losses and prevent voltage stability problems in this line segment, known as Lot B, Siemens, in a consortium with Areva, supplied five fixed series capacitors (FSCs), line protection, and substation HV equipment. Siemens, as the consortium leader, installed four FSCs at Eletronortes substations Colinas, Miracema, and Gurupi, and one at Furnas substation Peixe II, within a delivery time of 14 months. So an interconnection between north and south was indispensable. Due to the high complexity of power grids, the degree of line compensation had to be determined carefully for each section. (Line compensation should definitely be as high as possible; however, if it exceeds 70 %, sub-synchronous resonances appear, and these should be avoided).
Customer Project name Location INTESA NorthSouth Interconnection III in Eletronortes substations in Colinas, Miracema, and Gurupi in Furnas substation Peixe II fixed series capacitor 200 MVAr FSC1) 2 x 194 MVAr FSCs2) 3) 130 MVAr FSC3) 343 MVAr FSC4) 51 %1) 70 %2) 3) 70 %3) 68 %4)
3) Gurupi 4) Peixe

System Capacitor rating

Compensation degree

1)

Colinas

2) Miracema

II

22

EastWest FSCs
Fixed Series Compensation at Lucknow, Bareilly, and Unnao

Powergrid Corporation of India, Ltd., an Indian government entity, is the only agency responsible for transmission of power across the country. In its current five-year plan, the Indian government has set the target Power for All by 2012. In India, where efficiency of power transmission is now approximately 52 %, the enhancement of transmission capacity will play a vital role in achieving the target. The project focuses on the enhancement of the transmission capacity of the northern grid. Sites are at Lucknow, Bareilly, and Unnao, in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Unnao Substation belongs to the Uttar Pradesh state government, while Lucknow and Bareilly belong to Powergrid. The Bareilly FSC plant will have local control as well as remote control from Powergrids Lucknow Substation.

Customer Project name

Powergrid Corporation of India, Ltd. Fixed Series Compensation at Lucknow, Bareilly, and Unnao substations associated with enhancement of transmission capacity in the east-west corridor of the northern region 400 kV Gorakhpur-Lucknow lines at Lucknow Substation 400 kV Bareilly-Mandolla lines at Bareilly Substation 400 kV Unnao-Bareilly lines at Unnao Substation fixed series capacitor 2 x 189 MVAr FSCs1) 2 x 187 MVAr FSCs2) 2 x 311 MVAr FSCs3) 30 %1) 30 %2) 45 %3) SIMATIC TDC

Location

System Capacitor rating

Compensation degree

Digital control system

1)

Lucknow

2)

Bareilly

3)

Unnao

23

Published by and copyright 2010: Siemens AG Energy Sector Freyeslebenstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen, Germany Siemens AG Energy Sector Power Transmission Division Power Transmission Solutions Freyeslebenstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen, Germany www.siemens.com/energy/facts For more information, please contact our Customer Support Center. Phone: +49 180/524 70 00 Fax: +49 180/524 24 71 (Charges depending on provider) E-mail: support.energy@siemens.com www.siemens.com/energy-support Power Transmission Division Order No. E50001-G610-A112-X-4A00 Printed in Germany Dispo 30003 TH 150-100403 471402 WS 06101.
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