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SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS, AND ENGINEERING MOVING FROM THE CLIFF TO THE SWAMP DEFINITION OF ENGINEERING DESIGN A MODEL OF THE ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS DESIGN DRIVERS PROJECT SCOPING
OBJECTIVES
To stimulate creative and inventive solutions to problems.
To ensure consideration for each of the elements necessary for successful design.
To ensure that all consequences of the application of the designed device or process throughout its lifetime is examined.
Do not assume that you have the best answer just because you have an answer that appears feasible.
DEFINITION OF DESIGN
Engineering Design is the process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. It is a decision-making process (often iterative), in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engineering sciences are applied to convert resources optimally to meet a stated objective.
Among the fundamental elements of the design process are the establishment of objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis, construction, testing, and evaluation.
ACCREDITATION BOARD FOR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ABET), USA
ENGINEERING SCIENCE
DESIGN SWAMP
This is how you feel now!!!
Design Professor
DESIGN SKILLS
MOVING FROM THE CLIFF TO THE SWAMP
Design Professor Design Skills
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PRODUCT DESIGN
Product development process vs. design Development Process
Understand the opportunity Develop a concept Implement a concept
Reverse Engineering
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TYPES OF DESIGN
Types of design and redesign
Variant - Modify performance of an existing product by varying some of its design variable values or product parameters e.g. size, material, manufacturing process. Adaptive - Adapt a known solution to accomplish a new task Original - conceive and embody an original, innovative concept for a given task. Selection - match the desired functional requirements of a component with the actual performance of standard components listed in vendors caalogues. Redesign - improvement of existing products
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SOLUTION STRATEGIES
Formulation
Orig inal pro duc
Concept Design
sign t de
ri Va t an de sig n
Conguration Design
Conguration Design
Parametric Design
Parametric Design
Parametric Design
Detail Design
Detail Design
Detail Design
Detail Design
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MISSION STATEMENT
Focus design efforts
Dene goals
Translate the business case analysis to the development team
Provide a schedule for tasks
Provide guidelines for the design process
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MISSION STATEMENT
Product description: one concise and focused sentence
Key business or humanitarian goals
Schedule
Gross margin/prot or break even point
Market share
Advancement of human needs
Primary market: brief phrase of market sector/group Secondary market Assumptions Stakeholders Avenues for creative design Scope limitations
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PROJECT SCOPING
Understand the various interests that pull and constrain the development project
Assess product development risk, which fundamentally arises from two independent sources: market risk and technical risk
Establish the design driver variables that, when specied, dene other decisions directly
Establish the technical specications early
Complete an economic analysis to establish project cost limits and marketplace targets
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DESIGN PROCESS
Conceptual design
Dene problem
Problem
statement
Benchmarking
Project planning
Gather information
Internet
Patents
Trade
Literature
Concept generation
Brainstorming
Functional
Decomposition
Morphologic chart
Evaluation of concepts
Pugh concept
selection
Decision matrices
Product architecture
Arrangement of
physical elements
to carry out
function
Conguration design
Prelim. Selection
matls. & mfg.
Modeling/sizing
of parts
Parametric design
Robust design
Tolerances
Final dimensions
DFM
Detailed design
Detailed
Drawings
&
specications
Embodiment design
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PROBLEM STATEMENT
Understand the primary customer needs and engineering specications
Decompose/divide the product functions
Search for solutions for product functions and architecture
Combine solutions into concept variants
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Methods
Interviews
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GATHER INFORMATION
Conceptual design
Dene problem
Problem statement
Benchmarking
QFD & PDS
Project planning
Gather information
Internet
Patents
Trade
Literature
Concept generation
Brainstorming
Functional
Decomposition
Morphologic chart
Evaluation of concepts
Pugh concept
selection
Decision matrices
Product architecture
Arrangement of
physical elements
to carry out
function
Conguration design
Prelim. Selection
matls. & mfg.
Modeling/sizing
of parts
Parametric design
Robust design
Tolerances
Final dimensions
DFM
Detailed design
Detailed
Drawings
&
specications
Embodiment design
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INFORMATION SOURCES
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CONCEPT GENERATION
Conceptual design
Dene problem
Problem statement
Benchmarking
QFD & PDS
Project planning
Gather information
Internet
Patents
Trade
Literature
Concept generation
Brainstorming
Functional
Decomposition
Morph. charts
Evaluation of concepts
Pugh concept
selection
Decision matrices
Product architecture
Arrangement of
physical elements
to carry out
function
Conguration design
Prelim. Selection
matls. & mfg.
Modeling/sizing
of parts
Parametric design
Robust design
Tolerances
Final dimensions
DFM
Detailed design
Detailed
Drawings
&
specications
Embodiment design
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GENERATING ALTERNATIVES
Lateral Thinking Perseverance Mental Push-ups Making lists Word games Solving puzzles Magic tricks and other games Procedural Techniques
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SYSTEMATIC SEARCH
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MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Consider each product function in the functional model and each module of the product architecture
List the function or module as rows of a matrix
In the rst column of the matrix, enter the current solution to the function or module, if the product exists
Apply concept generation methods and record the concepts in the columns of the matrix for each function
Map the range of solutions per each function to a classication scheme, such as energy domains.
Judge if the solutions are too focused or cover a good breadth
When a good breadth of ideas and technologies are realized in the morphological matrix, combine the ideas into diverse concept variations that seek to satisfy the entire product specication
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NAIL CLIPPER
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CONCLUDING REMARKS
Navigate through the design swamp
Problem Formulation
Morphological Charts
Mind Maps
Functional Diagrams
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