Tract Function From To Thru Cross Lesions

Lateral Lateral Goal Directed -Precentral Entire cord/ -Corona Radiata Caudal Cortex: Contralateral
Motor Corticospina Movements- Gyrus (Area 4, Cervical/ - Posterior Limb Medulla- corresponding to area of
Systems l Tract/ Voluntary primary motor lumbosacral of internal Pyramidal damage
Pyramidal Skilled cortex) enlargements capsule Deccusati
movements of -Betz Cells (Thalamus/striatu on Internal Capsule:
distal -Premotor (6) -Distal m) Contralateral hemiplegia
muscles of the -Parietal Lobes Muscles -middle of
limbs (3,2,1) cerebral peduncle Webber’s Syndrome:
-medullary Cerebral Peduncle
Excites Flexor pyramids
m. -lateral funniculus Medial Medullary
Inhibits Ventral horn Syndrome: Medullary
Extensor M. -motor efferent Pyramid

Above Pyrimidal
Decussation:
Contralateral

Below Pyrimidal
Deccusation: Ipsilateral

At Decussation:
Bilateral
Rubriospinal Goal Directed Cerebellar Lower Motor -Lateral Ventral Decortate Posturing/
Tract Movements- Nuclei Neurons Brainstem Tegmental Rigidity: lesion superior
cerebral cortex (contralateral) (medial)  -Lateral Spinal Decussati to superior colluculus
and cerebellum + Cerebral Proximal Cord on
indirectly Cortex Limb muscles -Medial Ventral Midbrain Benedikt’s
influence spinal (ipsilateral) (alpha/gamm Horn Syndrome:Unilateral
cord Proximal a LMN) Lesion of Red Nucleus
M. Rednucleus
Midbrain
Excites Flexor (Tegmentum
M. @sup.
Colliculus)
Medial Lateral Maintain Cerebellum Spinal Cord NONE Lesion Vestibular
Motor Vestibulospi upright Flocconodular (Ipsilateral) Nerve/Nucleus
Systems nal Tract posture/balan lobe)(VIII) Alpha motor Falling toward side of
ce by exciting Pons: neurons, lesion
neurons that Lateral gamma
innervate vestibular motor Lateral Medullary
Extensor nucleus Neurons Syndrome of
muscles of the (ipsilateral) Extensor m. Wallenberg:
lower limbs trunk/limbs Vertebral A./PICA
Medial Positioning of Pons: Ventral Horn NONE Internuclear
 Vestibulospi head and Medial of Spinal Opthalmoplegia:
nal Tract neck Vestibular Cord/ LMN Lesion Medial
- adjust head Nucleus (inhibit α/γ)w/ Logitudinal fasiculus
position in Spinal
changes to Accessory Vestibulo- ocular
posture Nerve Reflex: Nystagmus
-coordinates (SCM) and
eye axial m. Dolls Head Maneuver:
movements w/ **Bilateral** Abnormal (MLF Lesion):
eachother Superiorly to: Eyes move w/ head
- coordinates CN III, IV, VI
eye (via MLF)
movements w/
hear (VOR)
Tectospinal Coordinate Corticotectal: Contralater Additional axons Midbrain: Parinaud’s Syndrome/
Tracts / Eye/Head Retina/ visual al Cervical from superior Dorsal Dorsal Midbrain
Corticotectal movements cortex/ inferior Spinal Cord colliculus Tegmentum Syndrome/ Collicular
Tract and upward parietal lobes (CN XI pontine Syndrome: Lesion-
gaze Superior nueclus— maramedial Superior Colliculi/
Colliculus SCM) reticular posterior commisure
formation (pineal gland
Tectospinal : upward gaze tumor/hydrocephalus)
Superior
Colluciuls
Reticulospin Maintain 1) 1) All Spinal Also LRST Decerebrate
al Tracts: upright posture LRST:mellow Cord- reticularspinal ascending Postering/Rigidity:
by influencing Medulla suppresses tracts fibers Lesion caudal to red
Lateral voluntary and Reticular Extensor Autonomic Intralamina nucleus
Medullary reflexive Bilaterally(later spinal reflex information from r/ thalamic
Reticulospin movements : al funiculus) 2) All Spinal higher levels nuclei
al Cord- respiration, (Arousal/Sl
Inhibit LRST 2)MRST:pump Excite axial circulation, eep)
Medial Excite MRST ed muscles/leg sweating,
Pontine Pons Retucular extensors shivering, pupil
Reticulospin Ipsilaterally dialation,
al (anterior sphincter
funiculus) GI/urinary
Corticobul Corticobulbar Controls Precentral Bilateral- -W/ COrticospinal Cortical/Internal
bar tracts tracts muscles of Gyrus Brainstem Tract Fibers Capsule Lesions:
head/face and Motor Nuclei: -Corona Radiata affect Both
neck V, IX + X - Internal Capsule corticospinal/cotriconucl
(ambiguous) (at Genu /area 4) ear tract contralateral
- Cerebral hemiplegia w/ CN VII
Contralateral: Peduncle and XII
VII, XII CNVII- contralateral
lower quadrent of face
 CNXII- tongue deviates
away from lesion

Pseudobulbar Palsy:
Bilateral lesion of
corticobulbar tract:
(UMN /Internal Capsule)
Dysphagia, dysarrythria,
paresis of tongue, loss
of emotional control
Causes:brainstem
stroke, ALS, MS

Anterior
Corticospinal
Tract